Isigaba Isihlahla se-Apple

Ngesikhathi sokunakekela izihlahla zezithelo, ukusika izihlahla kudla indima ebalulekile. Ukukhipha amagatsha abagulayo, ababuthakathaka nokuhlela ukukhanya kwelanga engxenyeni engaphakathi yensimu ngeke nje kudale umoya otholile, kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekuvuneni okwenyukayo. Yingakho kufanele wazi mayelana nawo wonke ama-nuances wokusika umuthi othize, kepha kulokhu sizokhuluma ngomuthi we-apula.

Akunakwenzeka ukucabanga okungenani insimu eyodwa lapho izihlahla ze-apula zingeke zikhule khona. Uma ufuna kuphela ukwenza ingadi futhi ufuna ulwazi mayelana nezihlahla zezithelo ezingapheli, ngakho-ke sineluleka ukuba ucabange ukhetho lokutshala i-apula, "Ukudunyiswa Kwabalimi." Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithanda ukutshala abalimi be-amateur. Kungani

Ukuqoqa umuthi we-apula kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokukhiqiza imboni, okukuvumela ukuba uthole izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezihlukile zemithi yezithelo, ukunikeza impilo yesibili esitshalweni esidala noma ukugcina izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezingavamile ze-apula. Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza indlela yokutshala i-apula isinyathelo ngesinyathelo entwasahlobo nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuxhunyelwa okufanele zisetshenziswe.

Ebusika, izinhlanzi ezihlala ehlathini zifuna imithombo yokudla emasimini ngezihlahla zezithelo. Okuthandwa kakhulu yizilwane kukhona izihlahla ze-apula nje kuphela - izihlahla ezincane nezivuthiwe. Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi ungavikela kanjani ama-apula kusuka emaqanda ebusika. Uyazi? Izihlahla zezithelo ezizithandayo kunazo zonke kanye nezihlahla ze-hares yi-apula, ama-plums, ama-apricot, ama-currants, ama-hawthorn.

Umuthi we-apula, njenganoma imuphi umuthi wezithelo, uthandwa yizinambuzane zebhilidi futhi, ngokufanayo, ujwayele izifo ezihlukahlukene. Siphetha ngokuthi ukunakekelwa kuyadingeka ukuze uthole isivuno esihle. Kufanele ifike ngesikhathi futhi ilungile, futhi hhayi kanye ngonyaka. Ukuphumelela ukwelashwa kwama-apula ekwindla sekwephuzile ezivela ezifweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane.

Yonke insimu ayifuni ukujabulela ukubonakala okunempilo "kwamagceke" akhe, kodwa futhi nezithelo zazo ezimnandi. Kodwa kwakungekho lapho. Yilokho ngempela lowo nyaka, umuthi we-apula oyithandayo wenqaba ukukujabulisa nge-apula enomnandi. Kungani umuthi we-apula ungatheli izithelo nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze esimweni esinjalo? Ukuqeda inkinga yokungabi nhlobo kwezihlahla zezithelo, okokuqala, udinga ukuhlola kahle imbangela.

Phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezithelo zezitshalo, ama-apula awuthandwa kakhulu, ahlala cishe angu-70% kuwo wonke amasimu asekhaya nasemakhaya. Abasimili bayakwazisa ikakhulukazi ekwindla, izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala, ezibandakanya izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-apula "Chief Red" noma "Snow White Apple".

Namuhla, imakethe ingathola inamba enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula, ngasinye sinalo izici zayo hhayi kuphela ekulimeni, kodwa futhi ekunambithekeni kwesithelo. Cabanga ukuthi yiyiphi i-apula "Robin", futhi yiziphi izici ezinayo. Ukukhethwa kuka-Apple "Robin" (elinye igama elithi "Suislepskoe") litholakala ngokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili: izihlahla ze-apula, i- "Nedzvetskogo" ne "Siberia".

Abalimi bamazwe amaningi abanesithakazelo bahlola ukuqhuba umkhuba omusha, wezemfashini wokulima - ukutshala izihlahla ze-columnar. Izindwangu ezimangalisayo, ezinemifino enemigqa yemithi enomusa, okukhumbuza kakhulu izihlahla ezihlotshwe izihlahla. Izihlahla ze-kolonovidnye, amapheya kanye nezinye izihlahla zezithelo, okusheshayo ekukhuleni, umqhele wezitshalo ohanjelwe phezulu, akusekho amagatsha angaphandle.

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-apula ezinamahlathi zilokhu ziheha abalimi, ngoba ngezihlahla ezincane ungakwazi ukuvuna isivuno esikhulu. Omunye wabameli abakhulu balolu hlobo yizinto ezihlukahlukene "Isihlahla se-Bratchu", esibonakala ngezithelo ezihlwabusayo nezomnandi, okungekho isidingo sokuthi usebenzise amandla amaningi.

Uma unesifiso sokuhlanganisela amahle ngokuhle futhi uhlobisa isakhiwo sakho ngomuthi othile wezithelo, khona-ke umuthi wama-apula weRudolf uyisinqumo esihle. Incazelo kanye nezici "i-Rudolph" iyisihlahla sama-apple esihlotshiswe nge-autumn e-autumn. Izici zobuntu - isiqu esiphezulu, umqhele we-pyramidal, obomvu, oboshiwe, amaqabunga e-oval eceleni.

Mhlawumbe izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezingavamile futhi ezingavamile zezihlahla zezithelo emhlabeni kukhona i-apula "Aport", esizokhula ngayo futhi sizinakekele lokhu. Umlando wemvelaphi Umlando wezinhlobonhlobo "i-Aport" iya emuva kakhulu esikhathini esidala, futhi kuze kube yilolu suku ayikho imininingwane engu-100% eqinisekisiwe mayelana nomsuka wayo wangempela.

Ngokujwayelekile, izitshalo ezihlukahlukene zedokodo zisetshenziselwa ukuklama komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, ngokungajabuli kangako, abanikazi bezakhiwo zamasayithi basebenzise emisebenzini yabo ejwayele ukusebenzelana nalezi zindawo, ngaphandle kokuthi mhlawumbe kancane kancane. Indawo ekhethekile phakathi kwabo igcwele izihlahla ze-apple zokuhlobisa.

I-apula ingabizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi inkosikazi yensimu. Uma ukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele zokukhula ensimini, uzokwazi ukujabulela izithelo ezimnandi unyaka wonke. Esihlokweni sethu uzozijwayela ngesihlahla se-apula "Starkrimson Delishes", incazelo eningiliziwe yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene nezeluleko eziwusizo ekunakekeleni kuzokusiza ukuba ukhule le hybrid engavamile.

Enye yezinkulumo ezidume kakhulu zesiNgisi yilezi: "I-apula eyodwa ngosuku - udokotela kude." Ngempela, lezi zithelo zicebile kakhulu ngamavithamini kanye nama-microelements, ngakho-ke zikhona njalo ekudleni kwethu, kufaka phakathi nokudla. Izihlahla ze-Apple zingatholakala cishe kuzo zonke izivande.

Izihlahla zemifino zithandwa kakhulu. Abayithathi isikhala esikhulu, ngakho-ke bayatshala kahle ezindaweni ezincane. Futhi, izihlahla ezincane zama-apula zikulungele ukunakekelwa nokuqoqa izithelo. Ukuvuna kwabo akubi nakakhulu kunezihlahla ezide. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apple esineziqhingi "Wonderful". Umlando wokuzalanisa Lezi zihlukahlukene zenziwe yi-A.

Ukuba nensimu yakho kuyinjabulo yangempela, ngoba endlini kuyohlale ikhona izithelo ezintsha, izindlu zasemakhaya, ama-juice kanye nama-jams. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nohlobo lwe-apula elibizwa nge- "Arkadik". Lezi apula zithande kakhulu, zazo zithandwa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezihlukahlukene kubonakala hardiness ebusika, fruiting ochichima futhi ekhethekile ekunakekeleni.

Isihlahla se-Apple "Jonagold" iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi sinohlobo lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu nezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ufanelekile ukuhlonishwa okunjalo ngenxa yezici zakhe ezinhle, esizoxoxa ngazo kulesi sihloko. Umlando wokukhethwa kwe "Jonagold" - uhlobo lwe-apula, olwakhiwa ngo-1943 eGeneva (USA) ngenxa yokudlulela kokukhethwa okubili - "i-Golden Delicious" no- "Jonathan".

Isihlahla se-Apple "Solntsedar" ngezici zayo singaphikisana nabameleli abaningi bohlobo lwayo lokukhethwa kweYurophu. Singasho ukuthi itholakala ngqo ukuze ikhule ngempumelelo ezimweni zezulu zezwe lakithi. Izithelo zawo zihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okungavamile, uma uzama, ngeke udibanise ama-apula alezi ezihlukahlukene nanoma yikuphi okunye.

I-Golden Delicious iye yathandwa kakhulu iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa akubona wonke umuntu owazi izimfihlo zamaqiniso ezihlukahlukene nezithakazelisayo. Ake sibuke umlando wezinhlobonhlobo nezici zesitshalo, amaphethini wokulima nokunakekelwa kwe-apula "yegolide". Umlando wokukhethwa Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-apula "I-Golden Delicious" ngo-1890