Ukuthandwa kwama-roses kuchazwa yizici eziningi ezibalulekile zalesi sitshalo: izimbali ezinhle, iphunga elimnandi, isikhathi eside sezimbali, kalula ukukhula kwezinhlobo ezithile. Ukuze i-roses ihlale ikuqhenya yensimu yakho isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, kumele ilandelwe kahle phakathi nonyaka.
Isigaba Umhlaba
Phakathi kwama-fertilizer amaningi anamuhla, i-perlite ne-vermiculite ayikho endaweni yokugcina e-floriculture yangaphakathi. Kungakadluli, abantu abambalwa bengazi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi basebenzise lezi zinto ngezinhloso, kepha namuhla ungabathenga kalula kunoma iyiphi i-flower shop. Naphezu kokuthi i-perlite ne-vermiculite yezitshalo zifana kakhulu, umehluko usesekhona, futhi manje sizoyithola ukuthi yiyiphi.
Ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwanoma yikuphi ezolimo kuxhomeke emgangathweni wenhlabathi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izakhiwo zenhlabathi ziwohloka - amanzi kanye nomoya ukuphelela kwehla, kuyacindezela, kunzima. Umsuka awutholi umoya okwanele namanzi. Izakhi zomzimba, ukuzala kuyancipha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-overmoistening yomhlaba ivame ukuvela; lapho ifaka umanyolo ngamaminerali omquba, okunye okungaphezulu kwalokhu noma lokho kungase kwenzeke.
Noma ubani okhulisa imifino noma izitshalo ze-horticultural esiqhingini sakhe uyaqonda ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukutshala isivuno esivulekile ngaphandle kokufaka umanyolo we-nitrogen. I-nitrojeni iyisondlo esibaluleke kunawo wonke kuzo zonke izitshalo, ezidingekayo ekuthuthukiseni okusheshayo kwezithombo entwasahlobo, kanye nokwandisa ubukhulu obunzima obukhulu.
Akuwona wonke umuntu owazi i-ammonium nitrate, ngakho-ke ake sibheke ngokucophelela le manyolo, futhi sithole nokuthi siyasetshenziswa kanjani nokuthi kuphi. I-ammonium nitrate iyinhlangano yomanyolo omuncu we-granular wombala omhlophe nomthunzi ompunga, ophuzi noma obomvu, onamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezine. Incazelo ye-ammonium nitrate nokwakheka komanyolo womanyolo obizwa ngokuthi "ammonium nitrate" - ukhetho oluvamile phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasehlobo, ezithole isicelo esikhulu ngenxa yokuthi kukhona okwakhiwe ngamaphesenti angama-35 e-nitrogen, okudingeka kakhulu ekukhuleni okusebenzayo kwezitshalo.
Ngemva kokubuya ohambweni olude, abalimi abaningi basatshiswa isimo sezitshalo zabo zasendlini, okungekho ukuchelela, okungabikho kokunisela, okuba yi-herbarium. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, izitshalo ezikhulayo kuphela ku-hydrogel zizosiza, esizoxoxa ngezansi. I-Hydrogel: yiyini i-hydrogel, akubona wonke umuntu owaziyo, nakuba eminyakeni yamuva le nto isanda kusakazwa phakathi kwabalimi.
Indima yemifino yemvelo emvelweni nasekuphileni komuntu kunzima ukugcizelela. I-earthworm ehloniphekile iyinhlangano ebalulekile ekudaleni inhlabathi evundile, ngakho-ke ukudalwa kokudla kungukuphila kwesintu. Nakuba singacabangi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa ngaphandle kwemifino, ukuphila kwethu kungaba nzima.
Ngokuqhubekayo, abalimi bakhetha ukusebenzisa imifino ephilayo njengokondla. Omunye wabo u-peat. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi akufanele yonke inhlabathi. Yebo, bese usebenzisa lokhu umanyolo kufanele ube ngokuhlakanipha, ukuze ungalimazi izitshalo noma umhlaba. Mayelana nalokho okuyi-peat, ukuthi kwenzekani nokuthi uyayisebenzisa kanjani ngokufanele umanyolo esakhiweni segadi, funda ezigabeni ezilandelayo.
Namuhla enye yemifuno esetshenzisiwe kakhulu futhi ethandwayo kwezolimo yilo muthi "Azofoska". Lesi sitshalo esimisiwe esifundisiwe samaminerali sekuyisikhathi eside sisetshenzisiwe ekulimeni okukhulu okukhiqiza izimboni, futhi sisebenza nakancane emagcekeni amancane, iziqephu zezwe. "Azofoska" - kuyini?
Inkinga evame kakhulu yabalimi yindawo enomdlana kakhulu, engavumeleki umoya nomswakama, ukuvimbela izitshalo ukuba zingathuthuki. I-Agroperlite iyoba yindindiso yangempela yaleso simo, izindawo kanye nesicelo esizoxoxa ngaso ngezansi. Iyini i-perlite nezici zayo I-Perlite isakazeke ekulimeni nasekulimeni, ngakho-ke wonke umuntu kufanele azi ukuthi kuyini.
Amaminerali amaminerali abhekene nokuhlushwa okukhulu kwezakhi. Ukwakhiwa kwamaminerali amaminerali kungase kuhluke, futhi kuye ngokuthi izakhi zomzimba ezifunayo zihlukaniswe zibe yinkimbinkimbi futhi elula. Kubalulekile! Izitshalo kufanele zisetshenziswe ngamanani amancane, kuyilapho zigcina izakhi zomhlabathi emhlabathini.
Ukutshala umhlabathi kuyindlela ebalulekile yokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo futhi, ngokufanele, ukuthola isitshalo esikhulu nesiphakeme. Umquba - isethi yezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa isimo nesakhiwo semhlabathi. Zondla izitshalo ngezigaba zamakhemikhali ezidingekayo. Kukhona izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamanyolo: i-organic and mineral (by origin); eqinile neyetshezi (isimo se-aggregation); isenzo esiqondile kanye ngqo (imodi yesenzo); eziyisisekelo, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, ukudla, i-subsurface, indawo (indlela yokwethulwa).
Iyini i-asidi yenhlabathi engadini yayo, hhayi bonke abanini bomhlaba abazi. Abaningi balahlekile lapho bebona isifingqo esingenakuqondakalayo se-pH namanani amanani emva kwayo emaphaketheni wezingxube zesitolo. Nakuba empeleni yilona ulwazi olubaluleke kunazo zonke ngenhlangano yokuhlwanyela okunempilo kanye nokubikezela kwezitshalo esizayo.
Ngomgadi wensimu kanye nomgadi wensimu, isici esibaluleke kunawo wonke yikhwalithi yomhlaba esakhiweni sakhe. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi zihlukaniswa izici ezilandelayo: isakhiwo; ikhono lokudlula umoya; ukucacisa; amandla okushisa; ukuxhuma; i-asidi; ukugcwalisa ngezinto ezincane nezama-macro, eziphilayo. Ukusebenzisa ulwazi lwezitshalo zezinhlobo zezinhlabathi kanye nezici zazo kuzokuvumela ukuba ukhethe izitshalo ezifanele zokulima engadini, uthathe umquba kanye nokuhlela kahle izinhlelo ze-agrotechnology.
I-substrate ene-disinfected - isibambiso samahlumela aqinile futhi aphilile wezithombo. Ngakho, iphuzu lokuqala lokulungiselela imbewu yokuhlwanyela. Ukucubungula kungenziwa ngamasiko abantu noma sebenzisa amalungiselelo amakhemikhali noma ama-biological. Ukuze uthole ukuthi yikuphi ubuchwepheshe obufanele isayithi lakho, cabangela izindlela ezivame kakhulu, ezindleko nezindlela eziphumelelayo.
Ukulima nokulima kungathathwa kalula kumhlaba omnyama omnyama, kanti i-perlite izosiza labo abampofu, empeleni izindawo ezingafaneleki zokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo. Yilezi zinto ezifaka isandla ekucebiseni izakhi kanye nomswakama ezindaweni ezinobumba nezihlabathi ezinomhlabathi: emva kokusungulwa, zihluke kakhulu ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali kanye nesakhiwo esithambile.
Namuhla, abalimi abaningi basebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukene zokumboza ngeziza zabo. Kodwa bambalwa abantu abazi mayelana nendawo yokukhosela njenge-spunbond, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu, bambalwa abantu abazosho ukuthi yikuphi futhi bazobiza izindawo zokusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhathi asimi futhi abakhiqizi bavame ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, nokwandisa amathuba okusetshenziswa kwawo.
Umlimi ngamunye, ukutshala kwisayithi noma yisiphi isitshalo, kungaba yisitshalo, isihlahla noma imifino, kumele ahlole isimo somhlabathi. Njengoba izitshalo ezahlukene zingakhula ngokuphelele endaweni eyodwa, lokhu akuxhomeki kuphela ekuzaleni inhlabathi, kodwa futhi ku-acidity. Izinga eliphakeme le-asidi liyakuthinta kabi ukubola kwemifuno ehlukahlukene futhi ixhumise izimpande zezitshalo, okuyinto ehlukumeza kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo eziningi.
I-Motoblock noma i-mini-trekta ingaba ngumsizi obalulekile kunoma yimuphi umlimi omncane esakhiweni sakhe somhlaba. Akudingi uphethiloli oluningi, kuthatha isikhala esincane, kulula ukusebenza, futhi uxazulula imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile, okunye okulimalayo umhlaba. Mini, ephakathi noma enzima? Ukuze uhlume ngokulimala (tiller) ukuze usebenze, kuyadingeka ukhethe imishini efanele.
Ngaphambi kokutshala izihlahla noma izihlahla, kubalulekile ukutadisha ukuthi iyiphi inhlabathi ezoba mnandi kubo. Esihlokweni sethu sizochaza indlela yokunquma ukuthi i-acidity yenhlabathi yenzani ngokuzimela, ngoba yile nkhomba enethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo. Izinhlobo ze-acidity I-acidity yomhlaba ingenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile ekuhlaziyweni kwenhlabathi.
Ukugcinwa kwensimu noma i-cottage kuhlotshaniswa nenani elikhulu lamasu ahlukene e-agrotechnical. Ezinye zazo zisetshenziselwa "imodi yokubhala", kanti izindlela ezisebenzayo zihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwemishini ekhethekile. Ezindaweni ezinkulu, izindlela zendawo yonke zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi eminingana emhlabathini ngesikhathi esisodwa.