I-Primrose ingelinye lama-primrose entwasahlobo. Sekuyisikhathi eside kuthathwa njengesitshalo sokwelapha kanye nesixuku esivela emimoyeni emibi. Kwamanye amazwe, kunezinkolelo eziningi ezihambisana nale mbali.
I-primrose enhle-izinyo: incazelo nomlando wemvelaphi
Lesi sitshalo singesokwedlule kwe-herbaceous kusuka kuhlobo lwe-Primroses. Izwe le-primrose libhekwa njengeHimalayas, China kanye nezintaba zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ku-30 ​​cm ukuphakama, sinamaqabunga obubanzi, anama-oval, ahlanganiswe emaphethelweni. I-primrose enamazinyo inephalethi elibanzi le-shades (ukusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokusomi), izimbali ezinobubanzi obungu-1.5 cm ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence aminyene okwindilinga futhi zitholakala kuma-peduncle aminyene. Ama-Primrose blooms ngo-Ephreli-Meyi ngezinsuku ezingama-30- 40.
I-primrose enhle yezinyo
Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kunezinhlobo ezingama-400 kuya kwezingu-550 zama-primroses emvelweni. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izitshalo zikhula osebeni lwemifudlana esezintabeni nasemifudlaneni, ezimfundeni ezimanzi. Ama-Florists ajwayele ukusebenzisa ama-primroses njengesithelo sezimbali seholide sangoMashi 8, awatshala ezimbizeni ezincane. Lesi sitshalo sithandwa ekuhlelweni kwemigwaqo yasemgwaqweni kanye nama-tulips nama-daffodils.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Ama-primroses ekuhlobiseni izimbali ezimibalabala eYurophu avele abonga abathandi bezitshalo abaziwayo uG. Forrest, G. Sherrif, F. Ward, notshaye izinhlobo ezintsha ezingama-66. Abafuyi balima izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-1000 zama-primroses, okumangazayo ngombala wabo (2 no-3-color, terry).
I-primrose yezimbali
Izinhlobo zezitshalo
I-primrose emide yamazinyo amade imelelwa yizinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa nezinhlobonhlobo ezitshalwe ekhaya. Phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali, izinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezincane eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence amakhulu kuma-stems amade ziyathandwa. Okuvamile kufaka phakathi izinhlobo:
- Alba Igama lezinhlobonhlobo liyazikhulumela - Izimbali ezimhlophe eziphakathi nendawo ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence aminyene, i-peduncle engu-20 cm ukuphakama ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Izinhlobonhlobo ezilwa nesithwathwa ezikhetha umthunzi oyingxenye nomhlabathi omanzi.
- UViolet. Izimbali zinombala onsomi, ama-inflorescence amancane ngaphansi kwalawo ma-alba, atholakala ku-25 cm ukuphakama.
- Umq. I-primrose ebomvu yezinyo ngezinhlobonhlobo zasebusika eziqinile ezifanele enkabeni yeRussia. Ilungiselela izindawo ezinomthunzi omncane ngenhlabathi evulekile, enamanzi amaningi.
- URuby Izimbali ezibomvu ezibomvu ze-ruby ezinomgogodla ophuzi ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence amancane afinyelela ku-6 cm ubukhulu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, amaqabunga kanye nama-peduncle akhuphuka ngosayizi, ngakho-ke, ngentuthuko ejwayelekile, isitshalo sidinga indawo eyanele engadini.
- Isiphuzo. Izinhlobonhlobo zibonakaliswa izimbali ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, zinsomi, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence ayindilinga kuma-peduncle ama-10-15 cm amade.
- I-primrose pon pon emihle kakhulu, njengaleyo yangaphambilini, inezinhlobonhlobo zemibala (emhlophe, epinki, ebomvu).
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ekwakhiweni kwengadi
Ukutshala nokukhula i-primrose emincane emincane
I-primrose yabantu abadala ibeka phansi ukunakekela, kwanele ukulawula umswakama womhlabathi bese umboza isitshalo ngesikhathi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.
Kudingeka ukukhanya okungatheni, kepha noma iyiphi indawo enomthunzi oyingxenye ingaqhamuka. Into esemqoka ukuvikela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo ekufinyeleleni i-primrose.
Ukuqhakaza okuqhubekayo, izinga lokushisa le-8-16 ℃ ngenhla kwe-zero kufanelekile kulesi simila. I-Primrose ithanda umswakama. Uma umswakama unganele, amaqabunga angoma futhi isikhathi sezimbali sincishisiwe. Ama-primroses aniselwa okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto, amalitha ayi-2-3 kwisitshalo ngasinye.
Ukuze kutshalwe ama-primroses anezinyo ezinhle, kukhethwa inhlabathi evumayo ethambekele ekuthini isabele kancane. Ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okuningana, inhlabathi evundile iyadingeka, ngakho-ke, kwenziwa umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali izikhathi ezintathu ngesizini.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuqhakaza okunezihlahla eziningi primrose kwakha izimo eduze nendawo yokukhula kwayo kwemvelo.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-primrose enezinwele ezinhle azesabi ukufakelwa, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo. Lapho ukutshala izimbali kufakwa emigodini emincane yomuntu ngamunye. Ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo eziseduze kufanele okungenani libe ngu-25 cm.
Ebusika, ama-primroses ayavikelwa futhi ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, ngoba lokhu kwanele ukumboza imbali ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe, kunikeza umoya omncane uma kungenzeka. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izimpande zingaboli esitshalweni.
I-primrose yengadi
Izihlahla
Ukuthena kubalulekile kwisitshalo. Susa ama-inflorescence aphelile, amaqabunga amadala nawafile. Lokhu kuzokhulisa ukwenziwa kabusha kombala ngonyaka ozayo. Ekwindla, ungasusi wonke amaqabunga, ulungiselela isitshalo ebusika. Bazoba yisivikelo semvelo se-primrose kusuka emazingeni okushisa ebusika.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe! Amahlamvu owomile asuswa entwasahlobo lapho iqhwa liyancibilika nendawo yokukhosela eyengeziwe isuswe esitshalweni.
Izici zezitshalo eziqhakazayo
Ama-primrose aqhakaza i-hernaceal perennial blooms ngokushesha ngemuva kokumboza ikhephu (maphakathi no-Ephreli). I-Peduncle ikhula ngokushesha, ezingeni elinamaqabunga amasha aluhlaza. Ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza, ukuphakama kwawo kufinyelela ku-2-3 cm, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza okusebenzayo - cm 20-25. Lapho izithelo zivuthwa, ukuphakama kwe-peduncle kufinyelela ku-30-50 cm. Izimbali eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence amakhulu ayindilinga zinemibala ehlukene.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe, amaqabunga primrose ayaqhubeka nokukhula, akha irosette aze afike ku-40 cm. Ngokwindla, amaqabunga ayabuna, kushiya irosette nohlelo lwe-fibrous izimpande kuze kube sentwasahlobo esikhathini esomile.
I-primrose eqhakaza
Izindlela zokukhiqiza izimbali
Ungakhula i-primrose kusuka ezinhlanyelweni, uhlukanisa isihlahla nokusikwa kwamahlamvu.
Izimbumbulu
Ukuze kutshalwe ngempumelelo izitshalo nge-cutways, amaqabunga ama-rosette amaqabunga anengxenye encane ye-rhizome avunwa ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni futhi atshalwe endaweni ene-shaded. Ehlobo, izithombo zisika izimpande, ubusika, kuthi entwasahlobo batshala endaweni engapheli yokukhula.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwe-Bush
Inqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwesitshalo somama yenziwa eminyakeni engama-3-5 yokuphila emva kokukhula okugcwele kwembali. Isikhathi sokuhlukanisa isihlahla sikhethwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ihlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bumba iprimrose, unyakazisa umhlabathi ngobunono bese usebenzisa ummese obukhali ukuwuhlukanisa ube izingcezu, ushiye okungenani indawo eyodwa kokukodwa. Izingxenye ziphathwa ngomlotha. Izingcezu ezihlukanisiwe zitshalwa ngokushesha futhi ziniselwe nsuku zonke amaviki ama-2.
Imbewu
Ukutshalwa kwe-primrose eyenziwe kahle kusuka imbewu yenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Ukuhlwanyela ekwindla engadini.
- Ikhula ngezithombo.
Ngendlela yokuqala, ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa enhlabathini evundile engaphansi kuka-1 cm. Imbewu ibekwa phezu kwenhlabathi yomhlabathi bese ifafazwa nge-substrate. Ungenza izitshalo emabhokisini e-seedling ejwayelekile bese uyingcwaba engadini.
Kubalulekile! Ubumnyama buyadingeka ekuhlumeni kwembewu ye-primrose, lokhu kufanele kukhunjulwe lapho kuhlwanyelwa.
Imbewu ehlwanyelwe ekwindla izobhekana nemvelo yemvelo futhi itheleke entwasahlobo. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo ezingavuthiwe azihlambi amanzi entwasahlobo. Ekwindla, ama-primroses asekhulile adluliselwa endaweni engapheli.
Ukukhula ngokusebenzisa izithombo kudinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Kuyadingeka ukuqala umsebenzi ekupheleni kukaJanuwari, ohlanganisa ukuhluma kwezinhlobo zembewu nge-stratification yokwenziwa:
- Okokuqala, imbewu ibekwa epanini likakotini ngomdlalo oswakanyiswe noma isipinyo futhi simbozwe ngediski yesibili, ibekwe esitsheni esincane. Ilahla umswakama kancane.
- Isitsha sembewu sigcinwa ngokuhlukile esiqandisini nasekushiseni kwegumbi, kancane kancane sikhulisa isikhathi sokuhlala sembewu egumbini.
- Ngemuva kokuqothuka kwembewu, itshalwe emhlabathini. Ngesikhathi sezithombo ezikhulayo sebenzisa ukha okungu-2.
- Izitshalo zitshalwa embhedeni wesithombo ekupheleni kukaMeyi, futhi zitshale endaweni eqhubekayo yokukhula ekwindla noma entwasahlobo yonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali (kuze kube maphakathi no-Agasti ukuze isitshalo sibe nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande futhi silungiselele ubusika).
Izithombo zePrimrose
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa kusuka ezinhlanyelweni zonyaka wamanje, lokhu kukhulisa amathuba womphumela omuhle lapho kukhula isitshalo.
Kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula, kufanelekile ukuvikela isitshalo elangeni eliqondile. Indawo enhle yokusakazwa kwe-primrose emhlabathini ovulekile kuzoba yisiza ngaphansi kwesihlahla esikhulu esisakazeka. Isitshalo esisha ngeke siqhakaze ngokushesha, kepha ngonyaka wesithathu noma ngonyaka wesibili.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo, izifo kanye nezinambuzane
Phakathi kwezinkinga ezihambisana nokukhula kwama-primroses, ukufisa nokusomisa amahlamvu kujwayelekile. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokunisela okunganele noma ukuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga. Ungayixazulula inkinga ngokulungisa ukuthambisa kwesitshalo noma ukusihambisa endaweni enomthunzi.
Nakani! Ngokuphuza ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi amanzi abandayo, izimpande zibola.
Ngokudla okunganele noma ukukhula ngokweqile kwesihlahla, ukuqhakaza okubuthakathaka kungabhekwa. Kulokhu, zalisa isitshalo nokufakelwa ngokuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla.
I-Primrose isengozini yokutheleleka ngefungal (ukubola kwezimpande, ukugqwala, i-powdery hlobo. Ukutheleleka kungaqala (ikhukhamba mosaic virus noma amabala). Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, ama-fungicides ayelashwa, futhi zonke izindawo ezithintekile ziyasuswa.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane zesinambuzane, i-primrose ithinta ama-aphid, izibungu zesicabucabu kanye nama-slgs. Ukulwa nama-slugs, ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ngomlotha kuyasiza, kuhlakazeka kuzungeze izimbali. Ama-insecticides nekhambi lensipho asetshenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane.
Gibela esitshalweni
Ukunakekela i-primrose-toothed kulula, futhi ngisho nensimi engenalwazi angakwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha. Le primrose enemibala izoba nendawo ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwanoma yisiphi isiza.
