Isihlahla se-Apple "Solntsedar" ngezici zayo singaphikisana nabameleli abaningi bohlobo lwayo lokukhethwa kweYurophu. Singasho ukuthi itholakala ngqo ukuze ikhule ngempumelelo ezimweni zezulu zezwe lakithi. Izithelo zawo zihlukaniswa ukunambitheka okungavamile, uma uzama, ngeke udibanise ama-apula alezi ezihlukahlukene nanoma yikuphi okunye. Lesi sihloko siqukethe lonke ulwazi oludingekayo mayelana ne-apula "Solntsedar": incazelo yokubonakala kwezihlukahlukene, izithombe, izinzuzo zayo, ukungalungi kanye nezidingo zendawo yokutshala.
Umlando wokuzala
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-apula zakhiwe umfuyi waseRashiya uP. A. Dibrov ngokuhlwanyela imbewu ka-Anis alyy vorobyevsky ngendlela yokuvota impova. Umgomo weDibrov kwakuwukuthola i-apple yesihlobo ehlobo ekwazi ukukhula ngempumelelo eRussia ephakathi, ibe nokuphikisana okukhulu neqhwa futhi inganikeza isivuno esihle.
Uyazi? Izihlahla ze-apula zasendle zingakwazi ukufinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-15, kanti iqiniso lokuthi abameleli abaningi bensimu abakhulumi ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu kubaluleke kakhulu kubabelethi.
Izihlahla zokuqala zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zatholakala phakathi nekhulu lama-20 futhi zazivelele ngokumelana nokushisa kwama-frost, kodwa izinga lezithelo zazo lasala kakhulu. Ngokukopisha izinhlobonhlobo ngezithelo eziphumelele kakhulu, uP. A. Dibrov wathola izihlahla, ama-apula afana nawo ezimfanelo zawo ezitholakala ezihlahleni zanamuhla ezihlukahlukene, kuphela ngo-1970.Incazelo yomuthi
Ukuphakama komuthi omdala walezi ezihlukahlukene akuvamile ukuthi kudlula 3-4 amamitha.Umqhele usuqedile izinkomba, kunalokho zinyene futhi zinyene, ngesikhathi sisebenza emhlabathini. Amagatsha amakhulu, ahamba kude nesiqu, enza i-angle ekhangayo, amagxolo phezu kwawo kanye ne-trunk ine-tint brown. Iningi lezithelo liboshwe emagatsheni amabili noma amathathu ubudala.
Amagatsha amancane - obumnyama obunzima, obuncane kakhulu, obuncane ngesibhamu, ama-internodes awancane, ukuma kwamahlumela ekunqunyeni kuyindilinga.
Amahlamvu ube nosayizi ophakathi, u-ovoid-ovoid noma uhlangothi oluzungezayo, oluthathwa kancane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elangeni, olubheke emaphethelweni, lufakwe ensizeni emaphethelweni. Ipuleti elimagqabhagqabha lingcono kakhulu, linesibalo esincane sezinwele ezingaphansi, likhulu. 
Ezingxenyeni ezithile ungathola ama-blades namagatsha. Ngokuphathelene negatsha, ishidi ngalinye lidala i-angle okungenani 90 °. Izitshalo zobunzima obuphakathi, obuningi obukhulu, ohlangothini olunezinhlangothi ezincane kakhulu. Ukuma kwe-stipules yi-subulate.
Funda futhi ngezinye izinhlobo zama-apula asehlobo: "Melba", "Papirovka", "i-Moscow Pear", "i-Mantet", "i-Candy", "i-Medunits", "i-Dream", "i-Silver Hoof", i- "Orlik", i- "Robin", i- " "Udumo kulabo abawinile."
Incazelo yezithelo
Ama-apula avela ezihlotsheni zalezi zinhlobonhlobo akuzona ezinkulu, kunalokho aphakathi noma ngisho ncane kunezinga elincane. Isisindo esilinganisweni sesithelo esisodwa sihluka kusuka kuma-80 kuya kwangu-120 amagremu. Ukuma kwesithelo kungathathwa ngokubanzi, noma ngokuphambene nendawo, kumapula ngamanye kungase kube khona ukukhwabanisa okungafaneleki.
Ikhasi izithelo ezibushelelezi kuze kube yilapho uthinta, zomile, ubuso bukhishwa kancane elangeni, lungagubungulwa nge-bluish wax bloom. Usayizi obanzi obukhulu, amaphuzu angaphansi komhlaba anomthunzi olula. Umbala wezithelo ikakhulukazi ukhilimu omncane, cishe ubuciko, noma kunjalo, umbala wombala ukhona, unikeza i-apula i-hue ebomvu. Izitshalo ezincane zezithelo, ezincane.
Uyazi? Ngokwezazi ze-archeologists, i-apula ngumuthi wokuqala okhokho bethu baqala ukukhula njengesitshalo esitshalwe. Imidwebo yokuqala etholakalayo yemithi yama-apula ehlwanyelwe ibuyele emuva ku-6500 BC. i-erPulp - ezimhlophe, ngezikhathi ezithile umhlangano obomvu, uhlelwe kahle, unomsoco futhi unethenda. Ama-apula anambitha omuncu-amnandi, nge-aftertaste encane ye-tart. Umcibisholo uwububanzi obuphakathi nobubanzi obuncane, obuncane obugqila emaphethelweni. Amakamelo embewu akhiwe ngohlobo oluvaliwe, isikhala ngaphakathi kwe-axis esemqoka siboniswa ngokuqinile.
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
Lolu hlobo oluhlukahlukene lwe-apula luyakuthanda kakhulu ilanga.Ngakho-ke, kuyoba ngcono uma indawo yokufika ivuleka ilanga isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka emini. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlala esifundeni esomile nesishisayo, kunconywa ukuthi ukwandise imvamisa yokuphuza umuthi ukuze ungabe usumile ngenxa yomsebenzi we-solar ngokweqile.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Isihlahla se-Apple "Solntsedar", ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yokuqala emva kokufika kwayo, efuna kakhulu umhlabathilapho ikhula khona. Kungcono ukuyihlwanyela ku-chernozem, futhi uma kungenjalo kungenzeka, okungenani ku-loam enesihlabathi. Okubi kakhulu lesi sihlahla sithatha izimpande emhlabathini wobumba nasemhlabathini, okuqukethe inani elikhulu lamadwala aqinile.
Izihlahla ze-Apple nazo azibekezelelani ukungcoliswa okunamandla kwenhlabathi nokuqoqwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni izimpande zefungal nokuqhubeka nokufa kwezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, akunconywa ukutshala ezindaweni eziphansi, kanye nasezindaweni lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba avela khona ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili kuya phezulu.
I-pollinators engcono kakhulu
Ukuze kukhuthazwe i-fruiting engcono, lezi zinhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula zidinga ukutshala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zempova. Isimiso esiyinhloko sokuthi ukuhlwanyelwa kwe-pollinator kulungile yini indawo yayo ebangeni elincane kakhulu kusuka emthini uqobo kanye nokungahambi kahle kwesikhathi sokucubungula nezimbali. Kule ndima, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zizokwenza ngendlela engcono kakhulu:
- "Ukugcwalisa okumhlophe";
- "Suislep";
- "I-Saffron Pepin";
- "Antonovka";
- "Iwayini".
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ukwandise inqubo yokuthwala impova emtholampilo wesihlahla ku-apula "Solntsedar" ungafaka inyosi eduze kwabo noma uthole isihlobo sokuqala sesibili ukusuka ohlangothini lwe-windward.
Fruiting
Isikhathi sokuqala kwe-fruiting yalezi zihlahla siphuza isikhathi eside, eminyakeni engu-7 emva kokutshala. Izithelo zifinyelela esimweni esisusiwe engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Agasti.. Kodwa-ke, kuphawulwe ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinomkhuba wokuwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuthwa, ngakho-ke kudingeka uhlole ngokucophelela isimo se-apula, ukuze ungaphuthelwa isikhathi lapho sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukuvuna. Izihlahla ezindala kulezi zihlukahlukene zibhekwa ngokungafani kahle.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuvuthwa
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza singesigamu sesibili sangoMeyi. I-apula yezimbali "Solntsedar" izimbali zamasayizi amakhulu kakhulu, ama-white and pink hue, afanelwe njenge-saucer. I-pistils yezimbali itholakala cishe ezingeni elifanayo ne-anthers noma kancane kancane. Izimbali ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences paniculata noma nge-a-shape.
Uma impova yezinhlobonhlobo iphumelele, kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube yingxenye yesibili ka-Agasti isikhathi sokuvuthwa siyaqhubeka. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umuthi udinga izinto eziningi ezimbiwa ngamaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo, ngakho-ke iningi lazo zonke izigqoko kufanele ziwe ngalesi sikhathi.
Kubalulekile! Njengokugqoka okuphezulu kungcono ukusebenzisa i-mullein, ihlanjululwe ngesilinganiso se-1:10, noma i-droppings yezinyoni. Ngaphambi kokufaka umquba, kuyadingeka ukuphuza umuthi kahle.
Ukuthela
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-apula inesivuno esihle kakhulu. Kusukela esihlahleni esisodwa esivela eminyakeni engu-7 nokuphakama kwamamitha amathathu, ungakwazi ukuqoqa kufika ku-100-120 kilogram yama-apula. Esikhathini sokuvuna, akunconywa ukuthatha ama-apula awile phansi, ngoba isikhathi sesitoreji sabo ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokushisa sincane kakhulu.
Ukuthutha nokugcina
Izithelo ze "Solntsedar" ezihlukahlukene ekamelweni lokushisa zigcinwa izinsuku ezingu-10-12 nje kuphela, ngakho-ke ngokushesha ngemva komhlangano batuswa ukuba bafakwe esiqandisini. Ngakho-ke, impilo yabo yesheluli inganyuswa ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5-2. Ukuze uqinisekise ukulondolozwa okungcono, kunconywa ukuthi uhlehlise wonke ama-apula aphethwe futhi abe nezinkinga, ngoba ukubola okuvela kuwo kungasakazeka kwezinye izithelo.
Lezi apula zinesakhiwo esiqinile futhi esiqinile, ngakho-ke singathunyelwa emabhokisini, ngisho nokucindezelwa komunye nomunye, ngaphandle kokwesaba okukhethekile. Ama-apula "Solntsedar" ahlala kahle ngokugcina ukuma kwawo, ungaphazi futhi unganiki ijusi uma kwenzeka umonakalo omncane, ngakho kungabhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezihamba phambili zokuhamba ibanga elide.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
Naphezu kwezici eziningi ezinhle, lesi sihlahla sama-apula, ngeshwa, asikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngokumelene nezifo ezisemqoka ezichaphazela lezi zihlahla - isikhumba, izithelo zokubola, i-gloss gloss kanye ne-powdery isikhutha. Lezi zifo zingavinjelwa uma entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba ihlumela liphule, umuthi uchithelwa ngekhambi le-copper sulfate.
Kulezi zinambuzane, eyingozi kunazo zonke ku-Apple "Solntsedar" yi-aphid, isibungu nesicabucabu. Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokubhekana nalezi zinambuzane zihlanza ngesikhathi esifanayo esihlahleni somuthi, kanye nokwelashwa ngesisombululo sanoma iyiphi inambuzane, isibonelo, i-Bordeaux liquid.
Ubusika obunzima
I-Apple "Solntsedar" inezinkomba ze-titanic zangempela ze-hardiness ebusika. Akaswele isidingo sokukhosela ebusika, ngisho noma nje umuthi otshalwe. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabalimi basekhaya bakwazi ukubhekana namazinga okushisa afike ku- -40 ° C. Ukuphela kwesongo ebusika kuyo imvula, ngenxa yalokho umuthi ungalimaza amagatsha awo amancane, futhi uzoshiywa ngaphandle kwesitshalo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Izithelo zinconywa ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuna. Zingasetshenziswa zombili ezihlanzekile futhi zisetshenziselwe ukugcina okuhlukahlukene. Izithelo zenza amapayipi amahle kakhulu, ama-compotes nezinye izitsha ezivela ema-apula. Izithelo ze-Bone zingasetshenziswa njengenzalo yezithombo.
Amakhosikazi abanolwazi enza amalungiselelo ebusika ngama-apula, awomise futhi aqede.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziyinhloko kufanele kugcizelelwe:
- Izimfanelo zokunambitheka eziphakeme zezithelo nokubukeka kwazo okukhangayo.
- Ubumnandi obubusika obuhle.
- Summer fruiting.
- Izitshalo eziphakeme.
- Ukuhambisana nokulingana okuncane kwesihlahla.
Izinkinga zalesi sihlahla se-apula ziyi:
- Ukuphikiswa okuphansi ekuthuthukiseni izifo zefungal.
- Imvelo engahambisani ne-fruiting ekukhuleni.
- Isikhathi esifushane sokugcina izithelo.
- Isidingo sokutshala izihlahla ukukhuthaza isivuno.
Ngakho-ke, sithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sikusize uthole izimpendulo kuzo zonke imibuzo onayo mayelana nomuthi we-apula wezinhlobonhlobo ze "Solntsedar". Bonisa ukunakekelwa nokubekezela ekunakekeleni kwalesi sitshalo, futhi ngokuqinisekile lokhu kuzoholela esikhathini esizayo ngokumangalisa ngezinkomba zokulinganisa kanye nezivuno ezihle kakhulu!
