I-apula ingabizwa ngokufanele ngokuthi inkosikazi yensimu. Uma ukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele zokukhula ensimini, uzokwazi ukujabulela izithelo ezimnandi unyaka wonke. Esihlokweni sethu uzozijwayela ngesihlahla se-apula "Starkrimson Delishes", incazelo eningiliziwe yezinhlobonhlobo nezeluleko eziwusizo ekunakekeleni kuyokusiza ukuba ukhule le hybrid engavamile.
Umlando we-Inference
Izinhlobonhlobo "iStarkrimson Delishes" zadalwa ngabalimi baseMelika ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobo "Delishes" nokuthi "Ukuqhaqhaza," sithole izinhlobo ezintsha ngezici ezintsha ngokuphelele. Izinhlobonhlobo zethu zinomphumela wokuhlobisa ophezulu wezithelo nokuhluma okukhulu.
Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukile ezihlukahlukene
Imithi "Starkrimson" ingokwakhethi "spur" - lolu hlobo olukhethekile lwezihlahla ze-apula, ezinezici ezilandelayo: ukuhlanganiswa komqhele nokuzala okungavamile.
Izinkuni
Umuthi ubhekwa njengendawo ende noma ephansi. Amagatsha akha umqhele ohlangene ngokuma kwipiramidi enkulu. Isihlahla semithi yaminyaka yonke siguzwe umbala omnyama, futhi amahlumela omdala e-apula "Starkrimson Delishes" agcwele umbala omnyama. Zibonakala ekwakheni kolchatka - amagatsha amancane okuthela izithelo ezinamakha amaningi futhi athele izithelo.
Uyazi? Ezinkolelweni zamazwe amaningi, ama-apula awuphawu lwezempilo enhle, intsha nentando. Isibonelo esisodwa i-apula evuselelayo evela kumatheksthi. AmaSlav ayeba nenkokhelo - emva kokubeletha ukunikeza unina umama apula. Lesi senzo sibonakalisa isifiso sempilo enhle yengane.
Izithelo
Naphezu kokukhula okuncane kwezihlahla ze-apula, izithelo zikhula ezinkulu, isisindo sawo singafinyelela ama-200 amagremu. Ukuma kwesithelo kuhlanganiswa, kuhlangene. Ngokuba phezulu ama-apula ubonakala ngokubamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sesithelo sincike ngobukhulu bawo. Ama-apula amancane ane-round, ribbed, shape. Kumele kuqashelwe umbala we-apula "Starkrimson Delishes" - umbala oyinhloko uhlaza oluhlaza, kanti umbala wokumboza uwuklamuzi okhanyayo. Ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwama-apula kubonisa amachashazi ashisayo ebantwini. Ukunambitheka kwenyama kumnandi, ngokumunyu okuncane. Isikhumba esinamahloni nokumboza kwe-wax kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezithelo ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kanye nokugcina isitoreji eside.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Ukunquma ukutshala lezi ezihlukahlukene kwisayithi, kubalulekile ukukhetha izithombo. Lapho ukhetha izithombo zokutshala, khumbula:
- Imifino eyodwa noma emibili ubudala idinga ukutshala endaweni ehlala njalo.
- Isiqu sezithombo kufanele sibe mahhala emonakalweni, amabala kanye nokukhula.
- Uma nje uhlobisa amagxolo - umbala we-trunk ngaphansi kwawo kufanele ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Izimpande kufanele zimanzi futhi zibe nombala obala.
- Amaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo "Starkrimson Delishes" anecala elihle emuva. Zizwa amaqabunga ngaphambi kokuthenga - ngakho uqinisekisa ukuthi uthenga isiteleka esifanele.
Ukukhetha indawo kusayithi
Ukukhetha indawo efanele kusayithi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekukhuleni kwezihlahla zezithelo. Inhlabathi ecebile noma eyasawoti yokwakha ingadi izoba yinkimbinkimbi. Indawo ekhethiwe kufanele ivuleke kahle, ivuleke, kodwa kufanele igweme ukubukeka kwemidwebo. Akufanele kube khona idiphozi, i-limestone namanzi angaphansi komhlaba eduze kokutshala kwezithombo ze-apula. Umhlabathi kufanele ube loamy noma sod-carbonate.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Ukuze izithombo zithole izimpande futhi maduzane zaqala ukukujabulela ngezithelo zazo, kubalulekile ukufeza umsebenzi wokulungiselela. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nabo kamuva kusihloko.
Kubalulekile! I-Apple "Starkrimson Delicious" ibucayi emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Uma isifunda sakho siphelile ehlobo, futhi ebusika amaqhwa aqinile ahlukahlukene, alas, akuhambisani nawe.
Ukulungiselela isayithi
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-apula kufanele unikezwe isikhathi sokulungisa inhlabathi. Lungisa i-sleigh ehlobo, futhi uma kwenzeka ukhula izihlahla ze-Starkrimson apula - ulungise umhlabathi ekwindla. Lapho kuqala ukupholisa okuzenzekelayo, indawo ekhethiwe yokutshala iyakhiwa ngokucophelela, futhi ukhula luyakususwa. Inqubo yokulungiselela inhlabathi igcwaliswe ngokufakwa kwamanyolo - umanyolo obolile noma ama-humus, ngesilinganiso se-5 kg nge-1 sq. Km. m, ungabuye wengeze umuthi wokhuni. Ingxube ehlanganisiwe ixubene nomhlabathi futhi ikhululeke ngokulinganayo phezu kwendawo yonke.
Hlola imithetho yokutshala i-apula ngesihlahla sasekuseni nasekwindla.
Ukulungiselela izithombo
Ukulungisa izithombo, kwanele ukunciphisa izimpande zabo emgodini ngamanzi. Ukwandisa amathuba okuhluma, engeza ukukhula okugqugquzela amanzi. Ama-agronomists ahlangenwe nakho abuye atusa ukusebenzisa i-mortar yomhlabathi endaweni yamanzi: inhlabathi evundile (ungayithatha esakhiweni sokutshala kwe-apula esikhathini esizayo) ukuxuba ngamanzi, ingxube kufanele ibonakale ukhilimu omuncu omuncu. Kulo "okhuluma" wobumba ungagcina isithombo ngaphambi kokutshala. Uma ubona amahlumela abonakalisiwe, kufanele asuswe esebenzisa isikisi esibukhali noma amasheya engadini.
Uyazi? Irekhodi elingajwayelekile lihlelwe ngo-1976. U-Kathy Wolfer wahlunga i-apula amahora angu-11 kanti ubude be-peel bebude ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-52. Ngakho-ke, irekhodi lahlelwa, elibekwe ohlwini lweGuinness Book of Records njengolwazi olude kunazo zonke kusuka kuma-apula.
Inqubo ngesinyathelo-sinyathelo sokutshala izithombo
Ngakho-ke, indawo yokutshala ilungisiwe, ama-saplings ahlezi ngobusuku obuncane kwisisombululo sebumba, lokhu kusho ukuthi isigaba sokugcina sesisele - ukutshala izihlahla zama-apula ezincane emhlabathini ovulekile. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu kwentwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi amaqhwa ebusika ngeke abuyele. Sichaza inqubo ngokulandelana:
- Ngomuthi ngamunye, bamba umgodi okungenani ububanzi buka-60-80 cm.
- Ngaphansi kwe-humus enezinyosi, inhlabathi encane, ungangeza amahlamvu omdala noma isihlabathi.
- Ingxube yonke ixutshwe ngokuphelele.
- Kusukela ngenhla ingxube igcwele ngamanzi (1-2 amabhakede ayokwanela).
Ukuthungatha phansi emgodini, izimpande ziqondisa kahle futhi zilele inhlabathi elele. Umuthi we-apple ohlwanyelwe kakhulu wanisela. Ungakwazi ukubopha isithombo kumgodla. Uma uhlela ukutshala izihlahla eziningana, qiniseka ukuthi ugcine ibanga lokungenani u-5m phakathi kwezimbobo zokutshala.
Kubalulekile! Ngokufaka umquba emgodini, qiniseka ukuthi i-collar yezimpande ayifuni ekujuleni. Kufanele ibe ngu-5 cm ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Njengoba usitshale "Starkrimson Delishes", kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngezihlahla ezizayo ngokunakekelwa okunempilo. Khona-ke uzothola ukuthi yiziphi izenzakalo ezibandakanya.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Emva kokutshala izithombo ngokucophelela ukunakekelwa kwenhlabathi kufanele kube nokuchelela okuvamile, ukuphulukisa nokusikhulula, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi. Imithi encane yamanzi kufanele ibe kanye ngesonto. Ngesikhathi esomile, mhlawumbe kunisela njalo emva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3. Ukuphuza umuthi kuzokwanela 2-3 amabhakede amanzi. Ukuhlunga nokukhululeka kuhlangene nokunisela. Ungakhohlwa: uhlelo lwempande lwezihlahla ze-apula seluseduze futhi kukhona ingozi enkulu yokulimaza. Ukuhlanganiswa komhlabathi kuyinkambo eyimpoqo yazo zonke izinhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula. I-mulch izosiza ukunciphisa ukuqhuma okusheshayo kokuswakama ngesikhathi esishisayo, ukuvikela izilokazane kanye nokhula. Kungcono ukusebenzisa umswakama wemvelaphi yemvelo - i-sawdust noma igxolo lezihlahla ze-coniferous. Futhi, i-mulch izokusiza ukunikeza isithelo sesithelo se-apula ukubukeka okuhlobisa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izitshalo kumele zihambisane nonyaka. Isibonelo, entwasahlobo, i-apula isidinga umquba nge-nitrogen ephezulu, futhi ekwindla, kuyadingeka ingxenye eyengeziwe ye-potassium ne-phosphorus.
Ukuphalaza okuvimbelayo
Kubalulekile! Ukuze umuthi we-apula "u-Starkrimson Delishes" ukunikeza isivuno esihle, ama-pollinators kufanele akhule ngaphakathi kwendawo engenani elingama-2 km, isibonelo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-apula "i-Golden Delishes". Izinyosi zenza wonke umsebenzi wokuvota impova..Izinhlobonhlobo "i-Starkrimson Delishes" zijwayele ukulimala kwesikhumba. Ukuze unciphise amathuba okugula, ukuphamba kwe-prophylactic kwenziwa, isibonelo, i-Bordeaux fluid (1%). Kodwa uma unquma ukupopula umuthi we-apula entwasahlobo, yenza ngaphambi kokuphumula. Inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu iphathwa nge-ammonium nitrate (10%). Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, kungenzeka ukuba wengeze amalungiselelo okugqoka, isibonelo, "Ukuzibulala" - lokhu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni inani lezokwelapha ngamalungiselelo amakhemikhali. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isikhumba se-powdery esivamile phakathi kwezihlahla ze-apula akuyona neze isongo ku-Starkrimson Delicious.
Ukudubula
Ukuze umuthi ungahlupheki ngokugcwala ngokweqile izithelo, kufanele ulinganiswe - uphume kancane amahlumela. Kanye ngonyaka, amagatsha asemqoka athwalwa amaqabunga ambalwa. Ngemuva kokuba umqhele uzothola ivolumu (lokhu kwenzeka ngokuyinhloko ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila), amagatsha kumele ahlelwe ngesandla ngokusebenzisa amanothi. Le nqubo izosiza futhi ukwandisa isivuno samagatsha. Izihlahla ezihlanzekile, isb. ukususwa kwamagatsha akhulayo nabangafanele, aphethwe njalo eminyakeni engu-4-5.
Kufanele ukukhumbula izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-apula ezidumile njenge-Semerenko, Bogatyr, iZhigulevskoe, i-Silver Hoof, i-Spartan, i-Lobo, i-Medunitsa ne-Candy.
Ukuvikelwa emakhazeni namakhaza
Njengoba u-Starkrimson ezwela ebanda, izihlahla zidinga indawo yokuhlala lapho kuphelile ekwindla. Ikakhulukazi idinga indawo yokuhlala yase-basal entanyeni, ngakho-ke kudingeka uyinakekele kuqala. Indlela ethandwa kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo ukumboza ngamapayipi e-coniferous trees. Kusuka ezintweni zemvelo ukusiza ukuvikela utshani noma umhlanga. Ungasebenzisa futhi iphephandaba - udinga ukugoqa ingxenye engezansi ye-trunk ezinqabeni eziningana. I-ruberoid ingahle ibekwe eduze kwesiqu, kodwa into esemqoka ukususa ngesikhathi ukuze umphumela wokushisa ungasebenzi ngaphansi kwawo ngokuqala kokushisa.
Izihlahla ze-Apple zivame ukuhlupheka ngamagundane. I-Kapron esitokisini, ehlanganiswe ngeziqephu eziningana ezungeze isiqu, izosiza ama-rodents ukuba ahambe esitokisini. Futhi izimpande zeplastiki ezifanelekile. Ukumboza umgqomo kumele kube ukuphakama okungenani imitha eli-1. Ukuqaphela izincomo zethu ezilula zokunakekelwa kwe-apula "Starkrimson Delishes", ngokuqinisekile uzothola imiphumela emihle kakhulu, futhi lo muthi uzothatha indawo yayo efanele engadini yakho.
