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Isihlahla se-Apple

Apple "Malinovka": izici, ukulima agrotechnology

Namuhla, imakethe ingathola inamba enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula, ngasinye sinalo izici zayo hhayi kuphela ekulimeni, kodwa futhi ekunambithekeni kwesithelo. Cabanga ukuthi yiyiphi i-apula "Robin", futhi yiziphi izici ezinayo.

Ukuzala

Apple "Robin" (elinye igama - "Suislep") elitholakala ngokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili: apula "Nedzvetsky" kanye "Siberia". Kodwa-ke, kaningi kulezincwadi umuntu angathola ukubhekisela "kokukhethwa kukazwelonke", okusho ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zingabamba iqhaza emvelweni wemvelo. "Malinovka" yizihlobo ezihlukahlukene zehlobo zasehlobo.

Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukile ezihlukahlukene

Njengezinye izinhlobo, "uRobin" unezimpikiswano ezivela kwezinye izinhlobo, ezivumela ukuba zikhonjwe ngisho nabathandi bokuqala.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula: "Candy", "Semerenko", "Orlik", "Spartan", "Bogatyr", "Imali", "Lobo", "iMantet", "iNyakatho Synaph", "I-Red Chief" kanye " Lungwort. "

Izinkuni

I-apple tree yaseMalinovka inezici ezilandelayo:

  • ukuphakama okuphakathi (kuze kufike ku-5 m) nomqhele obhekene nebhola noma ipiramidi. Ngobubanzi, ingafinyelela ku-3.5 m;
  • Amagatsha aminyene, amnyama ngombala obomvu, aphakanyiswe kancane, enamahlamvu amaningi;
  • Ubunzima bebusika buhle, buthathwe kabi ngesikhumba;
  • uma i-scion isincane, izithelo zivela iminyaka engama-4, lapho kukhula khona-fruiting iqala eminyakeni engu-7;
  • Amaqabunga afana nesimo esine-oval, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, usayizi ophakathi.
Uyazi? Lesi sihlahla saqala ukutholakala engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-18 ensimini ye-Estonia yesimanje. Incazelo yombhalo etholakala ngo-1845, yenze i-pomolog yesiFulentshi.

Izithelo

Izithelo zivuthwe kusukela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo kuya ekwindla zakuqala futhi zibhekiswe yi:

  • ubukhulu obuphakathi, obungaba ngu-150 g;
  • umumo ojikeleziwe, uhlehliwe kancane, ugibele kancane engxenyeni engezansi;
  • umbala uhlukahluka obala ohlaza okhanyayo kuya ophuzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ohlangothini olukhanyayo olubomvu olubomvu ngemivimbo ebomvu;
  • isikhumba sesithelo sincane ngomshini we-waxy;
  • inyama iyamanzi, imhlophe, kunezinhlayiya ze-pink. I-apula iyakuthandeka emnandi futhi emuncu;
  • imbewu encane, inombala obomvu, ifakwe emagumbini evulekile;
  • ungavuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ulungele ukuwa.
I-pollinator engcono kakhulu ye-apula "Robin": "Pear" ne "Papirovka".

Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga

Njengoba isithombo esikhethwe ngokufanele yisibambiso somuthi onempilo nokuvuna okuhle esikhathini esizayo, kufanele sikhishwe lapho sikhetha:

  • akufanele kube khona amaqabunga ekutshaleni, uma ekhona, isitshalo sigubha ekuqaleni, kuze kufike ukugeleza kwamanzi;
  • ubude be-specimen yokutshala abudluli i-1.25m. Uma kuncane, kusho ukuthi isitshalo sagcinwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi ngobude obude, isithombo singeke sisinde;
  • izimpande kumele zimanzi, zikhahlele ngaphandle kwemonakalo, zibomvu ezikhanyayo.

Kubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuthutha izithombo ezithengiwe, uhlelo lwempande kumele luboshwe ngendwangu ebomvu bese efakwe esikhwameni seplastiki ukuze izimpande zingabe zome.

Ukukhetha indawo kusayithi

Ababelethi bayaqiniseka ukuthi i-apula ikhula kahle enhlabathini evulekile, elula kalula amanzi nomoya.

Indawo engcono yokutshala nokuqhubeka nokunakekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula "Robin" yilezi:

  • uhlele ngenqwaba yelanga, enhlabathini evundile;
  • indawo ephakeme ukugwema ukuqhuma kwamanzi, okulimaza isitshalo. Futhi emoyeni obandayo obandayo uphazamisa, okulimaza kokubili imbali nesithelo, ngoba uhlala esihlahleni. Yebo, uma indawo ikhonjisiwe, khona-ke izinqwaba zomoya ezibandayo zizodlula phansi, ngaphandle kokuthinta izihlahla;
  • umhlaba uqhubeke kude nocingo noma esinye isithiyo esizovimbela ukujikeleza kwe-air.

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Ngaphambi kokutshala i-apula, kubalulekile ukufeza umsebenzi ozosiza ukuqedela inqubo yokutshala ngokushesha, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukulungisa umhlabathi wokuqedwa okuhle kokuqothula kwesihlahla. Umsebenzi wokulungiselela uqukethe izigaba ezilandelayo:

  • Izinsuku ezingu-30 ngaphambi kokutshala, balungiselela umgodi ukuze kuthungwe. Ubukhulu bayo: ukujula kufikela ku-0.8 m nobubanzi cishe 1 m;
  • phakathi, isidumbu esishisiwe sangaphambili siqhutshwa ngaphakathi, esihamba ngenhla ngaphezu kwezingu-60 cm;
  • ukutshala inhlabathi ngesakhi esakhiwa i-humus, i-mullein ebolile kanye nodaba oluphilayo. Kumelwe agcwalise ngokuphelele umgodi.

Inqubo ngesinyathelo-sinyathelo sokutshala izithombo

Ukutshala kuhle kakhulu uma kuqala ukushisa, lapho inhlabathi isivele ifudumele ngokwanele, kodwa hhayi eyomile kakhulu. Inqubo yokufika iqukethe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

  1. Kusukela emgodini otholwe ngaphambilini bathatha umquba, ngakho-ke kukhona inqwaba phakathi. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi emva kokutshala impande yomuthi kwaqedwa ngo-10 cm ebusweni bomhlaba;
  2. emva kokujula okufisiwe kufinyeleleke, isithombo sibekwa phakathi nendawo ye-knoll futhi sisakaze ngokucophelela izimpande ukuze zilale phansi;
  3. Manje ungagcwalisa umhlabathi, owawususwe ngaphambilini emgodini. Ingqimba ngayinye ixiliswe futhi iqinisekiswe ukuthi isigundane sakha eduze kwesihlahla;
  4. ngemuva kokuthi zonke izimpande zigcwale, zidinga ukuphuza. Kubalulekile ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yamanzi yayisemaphethelweni emgodi, futhi ingasondelene nembewu;
  5. lapho amanzi eseduzane ngokuphelele, umgodi onesivuno ugcwele umhlaba wonke;
  6. ngemuva kokuba amazinga alinganiswe kude no-30 cm, umgodlana omncane ugobile, ozoqhubeka usebenza njengesithiyo sokugeleza kwamanzi ngesikhathi sokunisela;
  7. ekugcineni, umuthi uboshelwe ukwesekwa kanti amanye amalitha angu-20 amanzi athululelwa emgodini.
Uma uhlwanyela izihlahla eziningana, ibanga eliphakathi kwawo kufanele libe okungenani 4 m.

Kubalulekile! Induku, eyobe isekela ukukhula okushelelekile kwesihlahla, kufanele ibe ngaseceleni lasenyakatho.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwonyaka

Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile sama-apula, umsebenzi wonyaka kufanele uhlanganise:

  • ukunakekelwa kwenhlabathi;
  • ukondla okwesikhashana;
  • umsebenzi wokuvimbela;
  • ukusika izihlahla kanye nobusika.

Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi

Inqubo yokunisela idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile, ngoba ukuvuna okukhulu komuthi kungatholakala kuphela uma kwenziwa kahle. Indlela engcono kakhulu - ukuchelela empandeni. Ezinsukwini ezishisayo kakhulu, ukuchelela kufanele kube nokuningi. Ngemuva kokwenza le nqubo, kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukukhulula inhlabathi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya usempandeni. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhuphuka komswakama kunconywa ukuba kuqhutshwe umquba, lokhu kufanele kunoma yikuphi okutholakala okungavamile noma okuphilayo. Ubekwe esitokisini esincane ebusweni bomhlaba.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila, ukufaka umanyolo kwenziwa izikhathi eziningana kulo nyaka. Ngaphansi kwempande yenza ingxube yamaminerali e-organic and amaminerali. Ngokuvamile, ukudla kwenziwa ngesikhathi esizayo:

  • okokuqala bafaka umhlaba ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, besakaza emthini u-0.5 kg we-urea noma amabhakede amaningana omquba;
  • ngesikhathi esizayo sondla esiteji sokwakheka kwemibala. Kusetshenziswe umanyolo wamanzi, okufaka i-potassium sulphate, irea ne-superphosphate;
  • ngesikhathi ukuthululwa kwesithelo kuhlanganiswa nesisombululo se-nitrophoska nge-addition of sodium humate;
  • Ukudla kokugcina kwenziwa emva kokuvuna. Lokhu kwenziwa ngosizo lwe-potassium sulfate ne-superphosphate, ehlanjululwa emanzini futhi ephuziswa ngokubunjwa komhlaba.
Ngemuva kokufinyelela eminyakeni engu-3 ubudala, yondla kanye ngonyaka.

Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo

Ukuze uthole isivuno esiphakeme, kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi wokuvimbela izinambuzane nezifo ezihlukahlukene phakathi nonyaka. Izihlahla ze-Apple namafungicide zifakwe emthini ongenalutho kanye nokuhluma okubomvu, futhi ngaphambi kokuqala ebusika, iziqu zihlanjululwa futhi amanxeba aqoshwe ngaphezu kwensimbi ebomvu.

Uyazi? Igama elithi "apula" lidala kakhulu kangangokuthi akunakwenzeka ukusungula ukunemba kwemvelaphi yalo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi esikhathini esidala zonke izithelo zemithi enemibala ebizwa ngokuthi ama-apula.

Ukudubula

Susa amagatsha amaningi noma aphukile ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Yenza ukuphathwa okunjalo ngamasheya abukhali noma amanye amathuluzi akhethekile atholakalayo. Ngonyaka owodwa emva kokutshala, ngaphambi kokuba ijusi iqale ukuhamba, amagatsha aqedwe ukuthi avimbele umqhele ukuba uwenze kahle. Ngokwesilinganiso, sakhiwa ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-6. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi izihlahla zokuqala, isikhathi esiningi umuthi uzodingeka ukubuyisela futhi ugcwalise amabutho for later fruiting.

Funda indlela yokulungisa kahle izihlahla ze-apula ekwindla nasentwasahlobo.

Ukuvikelwa emakhazeni namakhaza

Ukuhluma ngonyaka ozayo kuxhomeke ngqo ekuthi umuthi uvikelwe kanjani ngesikhathi esibandayo. Ungakwazi ukumboza isiqu usebenzisa izikhwama ezindala noma i-agrofibre. Ngokushesha ngemva kwehla kweqhwa, udinga ukuyisebenzisa ukudala isikhwama seqhwa ezungeze phansi kwesiqu. Namuhla, ukuzivikela ezigodini, yenza umsebenzi olandelayo:

  • Ukususa i-trunk kusukela ezimpandeni kuya emagatsheni amachiza, besebenzisa udwebo lwe-acrylic engadini;
  • ukuhlakaza ubuthi eduze kweminyango yezilwane endaweni;
  • beka izinto ezintweni ezidala umsindo;
  • ukumboza ingxenye engezansi ye-trunk enefilimu ekhethekile.

Ukwazi incazelo ye-apple "Robin", kanye nezici zokutshala nokulima, akufanele ube nezinkinga nezakhamuzi ezintsha zensimu yakho.

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