I-currant ebomvu yi-shrub enqabile emndenini wokugcoba. Ikuvumela ukuba ususe emzimbeni konke okweqile, ushiye kuphela izakhi zokulandelela ezidingekayo zokusebenza komzimba okujwayelekile. Izinhlobo ze-currant ezibomvu Sekuyisikhathi eside kuthandwa abalimi abaningi, izinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene zenziwe.
Isigaba Ukufuya izinyosi
Uju lwezinyosi ngumkhiqizo wemvelo, ngenxa yephunga elimibalabala elimnandi kanye nokunambitheka okungajwayelekile okungavamile, kuvele kugcwele umoya wehlobo. Kusukela esikhathini esidlule, izinyosi zezinyosi ziye zabhekwa njengomkhiqizo owusizo kakhulu wokukhiqiza izinyosi, kodwa akubona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi yini ewusizo kakhulu ama-honeycombs?
Kubantu abakwaziyo mayelana nokufuya izinyosi ngokuzwa, kunzima ukuqonda ukuthi i-drone iyini nokuthi kungani kuyadingeka ku-bee swarm. Abantu abaningi bayazi nje ukuthi yikuphi okungajabulisayo kokukhona kwayo: i-drone ayenzi lutho emthini, kodwa idla amahlanu. Noma kunjalo, emkhunjini ngamunye, imvelo inikeza ukuba khona kwabaningi abanjalo.
Siyazi kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuthi uju kuyinto isidlo esiphundu futhi esinempilo kakhulu. Namhlanje imakethe isinika inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezahlukene zobusi. Phakathi kwabo, ngeshwa, uhlangane futhi ufake. Ukuze wenze ukuthengwa kwekhwalithi futhi ungalimazi impilo yakho, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uhlobo luni lwezinyosi nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezikuyo.
I-Asclepias, noma, njengoba kubizwa nangokuthi, i-vatochnik iyisithombo esihlala isikhathi eside noma i-semi-shrub ekuphakameni kusuka ku-0.5 kuya ku-1.5 m, okubhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa eNyakatho neNingizimu Melika. Isibeletho sinomsindo oqinile we-rhizome, oqinile oqinile. Amaqabunga amakhulu e-lanceolate atholakale ephikisana noma aphethwe.
Uma iphupho lakho liyi-apiary, okokuqala kufanele uhlole ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezinyosi ezikhona nokuthi yiziphi umehluko phakathi kwazo. Uhlobo ngalunye lubonakala ngokusebenza kwalo, umlingiswa, ukumelana nesithwathwa, kanye nokubukeka. Kuze kube manje, emhlabeni wonke ungaba nezinhlobo ezimbili zezinyosi.
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi, kuye ngokuthi isitshalo lapho izinyosi ziqoqa khona i-nectar, ukunambitheka nezinzuzo zoju zihlukile. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokubaluleka kakhulu - uju lokubhakana. Ukuze uthole uju lwe-buckwheat, izinyosi kumele ziqoqe i-nectar kuphela kusukela ekugqenikeni kwezimvula, okuyinto, njengoba uqagela, isinikeza izinhlawulo.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakha i-apiary, umlimi wezinyosi oqalayo kufanele afunde ngokuyisisekelo izinsisekelo zokufuya izinyosi. Lesi sihloko siqukethe izincomo eziyisisekelo kumuntu oqalayo beekeeper: lapho uqala khona, ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani izinyosi, uhlobo lwezinyosi, ukunakekelwa okufanele, nokunye okuningi. Izinsisekelo zokufuya izinyosi, udinga ukwazi kuqala okokuqala. Izinsisekelo zokulondolozwa kwezinyosi kubaqalayo zihlobo lwama-alphabet.
Ukucubungula izinyosi ezivela emkhakheni kuyisenzakalo esibalulekile kubo bonke abafuyi bezinyosi. Ngezinye izikhathi impilo yemindeni yonke yezinyosi ixhomeke kuyo, bese umuthi "uBipin" ufika esizeni, okufaka amitraz. "Bipin": incazelo, ukubunjwa nokukhishwa kwefomu lezidakamizwa u-Amitraz, okuyisithako esiyinhloko se-"Bipin", umuthi ohloswe ukulwa ne-varroa yezinyosi.
Ekufuyweni kwezinyosi, izidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene zivame ukusetshenziswa ukukhulisa inani labantu ngabanye kanye nezibungu ezinwabukeni kwezinyosi. Cabangela namuhla omunye wabo - umuthi "Apira". Ukwakhiwa, ifomu lokukhululwa, ulwazi jikelele "Apira" - isidakamizwa esenza ukuthunjwa kwezibhamu ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Iphakanyiswe ngezimbiza zeplastiki eziyi-25 g ngamunye, yi-gel emhlophe.
Izinyosi zisetshenziselwa ukufihla amakhaya abo emigodini noma imiqhele emithini yemithi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze izinambuzane zivumelane ngokushesha emvelweni omusha, abafuyi bezinyosi abanolwazi bazama ukudala izimo ezifanele zezinyosi zokuzala nokudala uju olumnandi. Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda ukuthi ungakha kanjani isidleke ngezandla zakho, yiziphi izinto ezingcono kakhulu zezinyosi zezinyosi kanye nezinketho zokuhlelwa.
Ukudla - isiphuzo esaziwayo kubantu kusukela ezikhathini zakudala zaseRussia. Yalungiswa okhokho bethu, futhi namuhla ayizange ilahlekelwe ukuthandwa kwayo. Manje ungathenga kalula isiphuzo kunoma yisiphi isitolo, kodwa phakathi kwethu kukhona abathandi abaningi bekhaya elizwakalayo ukunambitheka. Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zokupheka, i-recipe eyinikezwa ngezansi, izotshela lesi sihloko, futhi uzofunda amathiphu amaningi awusizo.
Inzuzo yezinyosi ixhomeke empilweni yezinyosi. Abanakekeli bezinyosi abanakekelayo abasoze bakhohlwa ngezinyathelo zokuvimbela futhi ngezikhathi ezithile bahlanza i-apiary ngokulungiswa okuthembekile. Kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi "i-Apimaks" - i-balm ephephile futhi ephumelelayo, ukuqeda izifo kanye nama-parasites. Incazelo kanye nokukhululeka ifomu le-bee balm I-Apimax Balsam iyinhlangano yokuphakelayo ekhethekile ekhonza njengokwelashwa nokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-fungal kanye ne-bacteria ezinyosi naseNozematosis.
I-Medogonka - ithuluzi elibalulekile ku-apiary. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba uthole uju olusha kusuka ku-honeycomb. Isihloko sethu sisho ukuthi yiziphi i-medogonki, indlela yokuzisebenzisa nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ukungaphutha. Ukusetshenziswa kocwaningi bezinyosi ekufuyweni kwezinyosi. Wonke umuntu okhwela izinyosi udinga u-honey extractor, ngoba uju eqoqwe izinyosi kufanele atholakale emanzini athile avaliwe.
Cishe bonke abalimi bezinyosi be-amateur basebenzisa umlenze womklamo owenziwe noma ukuguqulwa kwawo. Igama lezinyosi lalihlonishwa nguCharles Dadan - u-beekeeper ongumFulentshi owayesebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi sakhe, wakhetha umklamo womzimba owodwa ohlangothini olubanzi lwezingcezu ezingu-11 nezitolo eziningana phezulu.
Namuhla, akulula ukuthola umuthi omningi olungiselelwe. Umklamo onjalo ungathengwa cishe noma yisiphi isitolo esinobuchwepheshe bokuthengiswa kwemishini yokuloba izinyosi. Kodwa uma ufuna ukulondoloza imali futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uqaphele amakhono akho okudala, ungenza isidleke esifanayo ngezandla zakho.
Ukugcina izinyosi ezisezintanjeni eziningi kuyindaba kuphela yodokotela wezinyosi oqeqeshiwe. Le ndlela ikhethwa ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo. Phela, ukukhiqizwa koju kukhula izikhathi ezintathu. Ake sibone ukuthi kungani. Izici zokuklama Lolu hlobo lwesifuba lungenziwa ngokuzimela.
Ukuze uthole inqwaba yobusi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ube nobusi obuningi eduze nendawo yezinyosi. Uma engekho, ungasiza imvelo futhi ngokungeziwe uhlanganyele ekutshalweni kwezitshalo ezikwazi ukukhiqiza impova eminingi nect. Kulesi sihloko sizohlinzeka uhlu lwezitshalo ezinjengezinyosi ezinhle, engeza isithombe sakhe ngamagama.
Kubonakala sengathi kuyini ukusetshenziswa kwekhula olunobuthi, olungafanele ngisho nokudla kwesilwane? Kodwa akukho-emvelweni, konke kunomsebenzi wayo. Futhi ukulimala okuvamile, okuthandwa kakhulu ngabanyofu bezinyosi, kuphinde kuqinisekiswe lokhu. Incazelo ye-botanical Lesi sitshalo se-biennial esingenakuhlonipha singabonwa kokubili endaweni yesiteji nasemigwaqweni yomgwaqo, kokubili emithambekeni yamatshe, nasezindaweni eziseduzane nezindawo zokudoba udoti.
Ukuze uphume uju, udinga idivayisi ekhethekile - i-honey extractor. Inani lentengo enjalo aliphansi, ngakho akuwona wonke umuntu ongayithenga. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngendlela yokwenza ubunikazi bomju ngezandla zakho. Isebenza kanjani? Uju luphonswa yisenzo samandla we-centrifugal. Lokhu kwenzeka kanje: i-honeycomb iyanyatheliswa ngokusebenzisa ummese okhethekile; ke zifakwa emakhasethi abamba ifreyimu phakathi nenqubo; i-rotor ijikeleza noju iphonswa endaweni yangaphakathi ye-extractor yamaju; ke-ke igeleza kuze kube phansi futhi ingene emgodini ozogonywa.
U-Honey, mhlawumbe, ungenye yezipho eziyigugu kakhulu zemvelo, okuyinto isintu esaziwa futhi sazisa ngaso isikhathi eside. Ukufuya ufuya ngumsebenzi odinga ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nezinyosi zezinyosi (emva kwakho konke, akuzona zonke izinyosi ezikwazi ukukhiqiza uju), inhlangano yomndeni wezinyosi kanye nemibandela ekhululekile yokuphila kwabo. Ukwakhiwa kwezinyosi zezinyosi Umzimba wezinambuzane uhlukaniswe ngokomzimba izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: ikhanda, isifuba nesisu.