Umuthi we-apula, njenganoma imuphi umuthi wezithelo, uthandwa yizinambuzane zebhilidi futhi, ngokufanayo, ujwayele izifo ezihlukahlukene. Siphetha ngokuthi ukunakekelwa kuyadingeka ukuze uthole isivuno esihle. Kufanele ifike ngesikhathi futhi ilungile, futhi hhayi kanye ngonyaka. Ukuphumelela ukwelashwa kwama-apula ekwindla sekwephuzile ezivela ezifweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane.
Ukuqokwa kanye nezinsuku zokugcina
Ngokusho kweminyaka eminingi, abalimi abanolwazi baye bahlanganisa ikhalenda, ngenxa yokuthi ubani angathola ukuthi nini futhi hlobo luni lokucubungula oludingekayo, ngoba ama-apula asengozini.
Iningi lesifo livezwe ngesikhathi se-fruiting, lapho izithelo ezingavuthi ngokugcwele ziqala ukubola futhi ziyaqina. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhutshwa kwekwindla yensimu yezithelo ze-apula kuhambisana nomsebenzi wokuvimbela: okungukuthi, izinambuzane ezingafi ekuwa zizobhujiswa entwasahlobo.
Kubalulekile! Ukwelapha izihlahla ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo kuvinjelwe.
Inyanga enhle ngoNovemba, ukucubungula ekwindla kwakungabangela ukuphuza nokusabalalisa amahlamvu, futhi kubi nakakhulu - ukushisa amaqabunga, okuyinto ehambisana nokufa kwezihlahla ezivela eqhweni. 
Uma ukucubungula kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, umphumela uzobonakala ngonyaka ozayo - ingadi izojabula nge-fruiting eningi. Ukuphalaza kwenziwa ngesimo sezulu esingenamoya. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ngaphambi kokuqala kwalesi nqubo, indawo ihlanzwa kusuka emaqabungeni nasezinhlakeni.
Yini okufanele iqhutshwe?
Ukwazi ukuthi ukukhishwa kwekwindla kuyisisindo sokuvimbela izifo futhi kuzalwe izilokazane emithini entwasahlobo, futhi kubhubhisa labo abafihliwe emagqabeni ukugubha amaqabunga, umbuzo uvela ngokuthi yini engenziwa nge-apula yezithelo yezithelo ekwindla. Cabangela ezinye zezidakamizwa.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokufunda kabanzi mayelana nokutshala, ukusika futhi ukunakekela i-apula isihlahla ekwindla.
I-vitriol ye-Iron
I-iron sulfate yindlela okungenakwenzeka ngayo ukuthuthukisa ukuhluma, uma isitshalo siphathwa entwasahlobo, kodwa futhi ukubuyisela insimu endala, uma le nqubo isenziwa ekwindla.
Kusiza izihlahla zisinde emakhazeni futhi zigcinwe ngemuva kokuwa kwamahlamvu. I-iron sulfate iyithuluzi elihlolwe isikhathi futhi lingabizi ngezimali.
Lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ingadi kusuka ku-septoria, isikhumba kanye nomdlavuza omnyama - lezo zifo ezitshala izitshalo. Ekwindla, sisebenzisa isixazululo se-5% sulfate, futhi entwasahlobo kuphela 1%. 
Imisebenzi yokuzivikela iqhubeka izinsuku ezingu-14 ngoba le nsizi ishicilelwe emoyeni futhi ilahlekelwa yizindawo zayo. Ukuze ukhiphe isipula, kwenziwa isisombululo se-5% (450 amagremu we-powder ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi) ngesilinganiso sama-alitha angu-15 ezindaweni eziyikhulu zokwelapha.
I-vitriol ayisebenzisi kuhlamvu eliluhlaza, isisombululo sinokuphendula okunamandla kakhulu kwesikhulumi, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukushisa. Ukuze ugcine lesi sidakamizwa singagcina isikhathi eside esitsheni esivaliwe, ngoba si-hygroscopic.
Uyazi? Kubalulekile ukwazi ukukala isisombululo se-2% se-vitriol: thatha 0.5 tbsp. izinkezo ze-powder no-1 litre amanzi, hlanganisa futhi uthole ukuvumelana okufisayo.
I-sulfate ye-Ferrous ayikho ukuvikeleka okungu-100% ezinkingeni, ngoba isixazululo asikwazi ukungena ezindaweni ezingenakufinyeleleka lapho izinhlamvu nezihlahla ziqhubeka khona. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bahlakulela insimu ekwindla nge-sulfate nasentwasahlobo ngethusi, okubuye kube nomphumela omuhle.
I-sulfate ye-Copper
Lesi sifo siwu-fungicide wesenzo sokuvimbela futhi asithwali noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokwelapha. Isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukusakazeka kwefungus ezitshalweni zezithelo.
Uma izinhlamvu zefungal zibe zingxenyeni zamahlamvu kanye nezithelo, lesi sidakamizwa ngeke sisindise, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kwensimu yokuvimbela isilwane kubalulekile kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwesenzo sobhedu, okuyinto into esebenzayo yalena agent, izinhlamvu ze-fungus azikwazi ukukhula futhi zivele zife.
Futhi uma izinhlamvu sezivele zakha amakhowe, akunakwenzeka ukuba zibhubhise, ngoba isixazululo singangeni phakathi kwesitshalo, kodwa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-mycelium kuyayeka.
Ukucubungula ngokucophelela kufanele kwenziwe ekuxhumaneni kwamagatsha amacembe ne-trunk. I-sulfate ye-Copper isetshenziselwa kokubili ngokuzimela futhi nezinye izinto. Ukuze ulungise ukwakheka, kunezimiso ezilula:
- ukusetshenziswa kwe-glassware;
- I-substance ichitheka kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi afudumele;
- Isixazululo kumele senziwe ngokuhlungwa ukuze sigweme izimpumputhe;
- Ingxube kumele ilungiselelwe amagilavu futhi isetshenziswe amahora angu-10.
I-Apple tree processing ne-copper sulfate ivikela izihlahla kusuka ku-phyllossticosis, isikhumba, i-moniliasis. Ukuphalaza kwenziwa ekuseni noma kusihlwa esimweni sezulu esizolile.Urea
Uma lesi sihlahla sibhekene nezifo ezifayo, umbuzo wendlela yokuphatha i-apula ngesiwa ukugwema lezizinto ezimbi, impendulo iyisidakamizwa esivame kakhulu - urea.
Ukuphalaza kwalesi sitho kungenziwa ngemuva kwama-50% amahlamvu awile ezihlahleni. nge-concentration ye-5% (500 amagremu ngalinye ilitha elilodwa). Ukuze kube nomphumela omkhulu, ukuchithwa kuqhutshwa ekwindla ngasekupheleni kwesihlahla esingenalutho, ukugcina ukuhlushwa kwesisombululo kufikela ku-10% (100 amagremu ngalinye ilitha elilodwa).
Senza ukucubungula hhayi kuphela esihlahleni, kodwa nasemhlabeni owuzungezile, usebenzisa irea ngezinhloso ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa: i-fungicide kanye nomanyolo. Ukuhlushwa okunjalo kwesisombululo ngeke kusetshenziswe emaqabungeni - bayotshisa bese bewa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, bengashiyi izakhi emthini, futhi lokho kungathinta kakhulu ukumelana nesitshalo emakhazeni. 
Lime
Ukugubha imifino nalokhu kulungiselelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi akukona ukuhlobisa kuphela, kodwa futhi kuvikela amagxolo ezitshalo ezivela ezintweni ezimbi:
- ivikela ukushisa lapho amahlamvu evikela ilanga akakho okwamanje;
- ivikela ukumelana nokushisa kwezinga lokushisa futhi, ngokufanele, kusiza ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwamagxolo ebusika;
- iyisithiyo esivela ezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene ebusika.
Abanini bezandla abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa ukuba baqede izihlahla izikhathi ezintathu ngonyaka. Umbala omhlophe we-whitewash ubonisa imisebe yelanga, futhi isiqu asinaso isikhathi sokushisa, kepha le nqubo kufanele yenziwe ngendlela efanele.
Abalimi bezitshalo bancoma ukuthi baguqule lonke i-trunk ngamagatsha ase-squelettes aphansi ukuze kube yingxenye yobude esimweni esomile nesiphelile, ukuze i-lime ikwazi ukuzuza futhi igome esihlahleni. 
Kubalulekile! Ukuze ubambelele kangcono isisombululo esilungisiwe esihlahleni somuthi, kubalulekile ukwengeza ubumba, isobho lokuhlanza, uhlanganise kuso.Ukusebenza okuhambisana nale nqubo kubalulekile ukuthi:
- ingxube elungiselelwe yayingakaze ibe mkhulu kakhulu, njengoba kuzoba khona izibhamu, futhi hhayi kakhulu ketshezi, ngaphandle kwalokho isixazululo sizosuka emgqonyeni;
- umbala omhlophe kuphela - isiqinisekiso sokuboniswa kwelanga;
- ukuze imvula ingabi ukugeza umhlophe, ukutholakala kweglue esixazululweni kuyadingeka;
- izihlahla ezincane ezidinga ukucwiliswa, ukuhlanganiswa kwengxube kufanele kube ngaphansi kwezitshalo ezindala;
- isihlahla somuthi kufanele sisuswe i-lichen, amagxolo afile asuswe futhi ahlanjululwe nge-sap-nas-soap solution.
I-Garden pitch
I-Garden pitch iyithuluzi eyaziwa kakhulu elisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izicucu ezinkulu kusuka ekucutsheni kwegatsha nokumboza amanxeba ezihlahleni ukuze zivikele ezigciwane ze-pathogenic, isikhunta kanye nokulahlekelwa komuthi we-tree.
Ngenye yezindlela eziphephile kakhulu futhi eziphumelelayo kakhulu zokwelapha izingadi: ungathenga imiphongolo eyenziwe ngomumo ezindaweni zokudayisa, noma ungazipheka wena. Izinzuzo zaleli thuluzi yizi:
- Kulula ukulungiselela nokusebenza phezulu.
- Okuhle kunzima futhi akuweki endaweni ephathwayo.
- Igcina umswakama futhi ivimbela amanxeba ukusuka ekumeni.
Isisekelo somgadi wegadi uthatha izinto ezilandelayo:
- Imikhiqizo yezinyosi - propolis, wax.
- Amafutha adliwa - amafutha ahlukahlukene yemifino, isinqumelo.
- Izingxube ezisetshenziselwa ukulima ziwumlotha emvinini, heteroauxin.
Uyazi? Ukuze uphuthukise inqubo yokuphulukisa kwamanxeba, udinga ukungeza kumgcini wendawo yokugada, uma usulungile, amaphilisi e-heteroauxin enophethini ngesilinganiso: kilogram ngayinye yenhlanganisela - i-tablet eyodwa.
Ukuqeda izidakamizwa
I-apula, ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa ezibalwe ngenhla, ingavikelwa ngamanzi akhethekile, ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu anganquma ukuthi angaphatha kanjani izihlahla ekuwa, kuye ngokuthi isikhathi nemali.
Omunye wemithi ethandwa kakhulu yi-Insecticide Drug 30+. Ngalokhu, kunzima ukulwa nama-aphid, amabhu, i-whitefly nezinye izinambuzane eziningi. Ithuluzi lihlanjululwa emanzini ngesilinganiso esingu-1:50 kanti umgqomo uphathwa ngesisombululo esilandelayo.
Ngenxa yalokho, ifilimu ivela emagqumeni, okuholela ekufeni kwazo zonke izinambuzane eziyingozi. Imiphumela emihle iboniswa ngu-Entobacterin, esiza ukulwa nenani elikhulu lezimpungushe.
Ukuhlanganisa okukhulu ukuthi umuthi awuthinti izinambuzane ezizuzayo. Okuyingqayizivele ukuthi kusetshenziselwa usuku olufudumele nolususayo: ezimweni ezinjalo, imiphumela emihle izobonakala kakhulu. 
Yini ngaphandle kokucubungula?
Ukunakekela izihlahla ze-apula ekwindla kubuye kubekwe izihlahla nokuhlanza i-trunk, kanye nokulawula izinambuzane.
Ukunciphisa nokuhlanza i-trunk
Ukwenza lokhu, ukuhlolwa okubukwayo futhi emva kokutholakala kwe-foci yezifo, konke kususwe ngokucophelela, ekugcineni izindawo ziphathwa nge-copper sulphate noma i-lime.
Ukuphathwa okunjalo kufeza insimu yokuthola ama-lichens, moss noma isikhunta, okuyizimpungushe. Ukuhlanza i-trunk kuyenziwa ngemuva kokunciphisa konke okweqile. Ngosizo lwe-lime zivikela isihlahla emiphumeleni eyingozi yelanga kanye neqhwa elikhulu.
Ukudla kwe-autumn
Usasebenzisa ukudla kwekwindla. Abanye balimi bacabanga ukuthi ukondla izihlahla ze-apula ekwindla akubalulekile, ngoba isitshalo sesivunyiwe kakade futhi ukukhula kuye kwancipha. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele aqhubeke ephila ukuze aqinise isihlahla ngaphambi kwesimo sezulu esibanda.
Izitshalo ziyasetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwekwindla - lezi zingaba umanyolo we-potash, zinomphumela omuhle ekukhuleni. Ungaphinde ukondle insimu nge-ammonium sulfate, okuzokwandisa kakhulu ubukhulu besitshalo. Umanyolo onjalo wekwindla engadini uyoletha imiphumela emihle kuphela. 
Njengoba ubona, kunezidakamizwa eziningi, ngakho-ke wonke umuntu angazikhethela kakhulu, okusho ukuthi ngonyaka ozayo umuthi we-apula uzokujabulisa ngokuvunwa okuhle.
