Isihlahla se-Apple "Jonagold" iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi sinohlobo lwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu nezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ufanelekile ukuhlonishwa okunjalo ngenxa yezici zakhe ezinhle, esizoxoxa ngazo kulesi sihloko.
Umlando wokuzala
"Jonagold" - i-apple ehlukahlukene, eyabhalwa ngo-1943 eGeneva (USA) ngenxa yokunqamuka kwezinketho ezimbili - "Golden Delicious" no "Jonathan". Kodwa okokuqala lezi zihlukahlukene azizange zithole ukuthandwa okwakukhona phakathi kwabalimi, futhi kusukela ngo-1953 eMelika baye balikhohlwa ngakho, bayeka noma yikuphi ukucwaninga. Izitshalo zokuqala ezinkulu ze-apple elithi "Jonagold" zavela ngawo-1960 emva kokusakazwa kwendawo yezwe laseYurophu njengeBelgium neNetherlands.
Ukuvela kwalezi zihlukahlukene emkhakheni we-USSR ufika ekuqaleni kwawo-1970, futhi kusukela ngawo-1980 kuye kwavela kakade kuzo zonke izifundazwe zaseSoviet ngaphandle kokunye. Maphakathi nawo-1980, i-apple ethi "Jonagold" yadlulisa ukuhlolwa okuphumelelayo kokukhiqizwa endaweni yezesayensi zesakhiwo sehlathi nesiteji sase-Ukraine. Ezingxenyeni zamathambo eningizimu yePolesie, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zahlolwa ngenxa yokuqina kwamaqhwa.
Incazelo yomuthi
Izihlahla ze-Apple "Jonagold" zingezokutshala okukhulayo futhi okunamandla. Ngokusho kwencazelo, abamele abancane bezinhlobonhlobo bahlukaniswa umqhele omningi ovalwe oval, okwathi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uguqulwe ube yindilinga ngokulingana kwamagatsha. Ukuhlelwa kwamagatsha ezinamahlumela maqondana ne-trunk kwakha indawo enkulu, cishe engakwesokudla. 
I-Beregoobrazovanie lokhu kuhlukahluka kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile, futhi ukuzwakalisa izinso ngenhla isilinganiso. Izithelo ezitshalweni azakhiwanga kuphela kolchatka, kodwa nezithelo zamasithelo kanye nokukhula kwonyaka.
Ukubeka isithelo sesithelo se-apula kufanele uqaphele lapho ukhetha izinhlobo, ujwayele izici ze-apula izihlahla uMelba, u-Ola, uKandil Orlovsky, uPapirovka, uNedzvetskogo, i-Antonovka, i-synapse yaseNyakatho.
Incazelo yezithelo
Ama-apula amancane kakhulu noma amakhulu kunokulinganisa okujwayelekile, ngoba isisindo esilinganisweni esisodwa singama-170-230 g, hhayi okungajwayelekile futhi ama-specimens anesisindo esingama-250 g. Izithelo zibhekene nesimo esinqunyiwe noma esincane, ubukhulu obulodwa kanye nesibalo esincane esikhwameni sesithelo.
I-peel yama-apula inesisindo esiphakathi, ukuthungwa okubushelelezi, ukuqina okunomsoco nge-wax coating. Umbala wangaphandle wama-apula ukhonjiswe ku-shades eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi okwesibhakabhaka esimnyama esinesibhakabhaka esithinta kakhulu ubuso bawo.
Ngaphakathi kwe-apula kubonakala ngenyama enomsoco, enamanzi futhi enamahloni ane-tinge ephuzi. Bambitha umuncu-omnandi nge-tartness encane. Ngokuvamile, ukunambitheka kwalolu hlobo kuyalinganiselwa kumaphuzu angu-4.6-4.8. 
Uyazi? Ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lezithelo "Jonagold" iphakathi kwezihlahla ezingu-10 ezinhle kakhulu ze-apula emhlabeni.
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
Uma utshala izithombo ukuze uthole isivuno esiphezulu kubalulekile ukucabangela izidingo zokukhanyisa. Isihlahla se-Apple "Jonagold" sibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zothando. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokutshala kumele ihlale ikhanya futhi ivuleke ilanga ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Ngaphambi kokuthenga i-sapling yezinhlobonhlobo ezifisa ama-apula, qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi kusayithi lakho ihlangabezana nezidingo zonke. Njengoba i-apula "i-Dzhonagold" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni, inhlabathi yokutshala endaweni yokuqala akumele ibe yindlala esindayo, eningi kakhulu futhi enhlabathini. Awuyikuvumela inhlabathi, izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lingaphezu kuka-1.5-2m kuya phezulu. 
Ukuvota
"Jonagold" ungummeli ovelele wezinhlobo ze-triloid. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ekuvuneni okuphezulu, okungenani izinhlobo ezimbili zokuvolontiya ziyadingeka. Ngaphansi kwesimo sempova ekhululekile esihlahleni, akukho izithelo ezingaphezu kwezingu-20% eziboshwe, noma ngaphansi. Izitshalo zokuvotela ezihamba phambili nezivame ukutholakala nezihlahla ze-apula "Jonagold" zihlanganisa "Gloucester", "Aydared" ne "Elstar".
Fruiting
"I-Dzhonagold" ibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo ze-skoroplodnyh, ngoba izithelo zokuqala zivele kakade ngonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu emva kokutshala. Esikhathini esizayo, izihlahla zithela izithelo njalo ngonyaka.
Kubalulekile! Izimo zezulu ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwe-ovary ne-fruiting kunomthelela omncane ekuvuneni kwalolu hlobo.
Isikhathi sokubeletha
Izwi elivuthiwe elikhishwayo lezithelo liqala engxenyeni yesibili kaSeptemba. Ungesabi uma ama-apula engabonakali evuthiwe ngokwanele. Ngesikhathi sokususwa esihlahleni, kufanele abe nombala ophuzi ophuzi ophuzi obomvana. Kodwa ungesabi lokhu, ngoba ukuvuthwa komthengi kwesithelo kuza kakade ngenyanga kaJanuwari. 
Kubalulekile! Ungakhethi izithelo ezivela emthini oveza umbala ohlaza.
Ukuthela
Ukukhiqizwa kwezihlahla ze-apula "Jonagold" kuphakeme futhi kwanda kancane. Ngakho-ke, ama-apula asehlobo angu-7-8 anika isilinganiso sama-apula angu-15, aneminyaka engu-9-12 ubudala - 40-50 kg, kanti izihlahla zeminyaka engu-20-30 zibeletha ngo-60-100 kg ngomuthi owodwa.
Ukuthutha nokugcina
Izithelo zokuthutha zibhekwa njengeziphakeme. Lapho ukuhambisa ama-apula ugcine ngokugcwele isethulo sabo. Ungagcina isithelo usebenzisa izinketho ezimbili:
- esiqandisini ekushiseni kwama-degrees angu-2-3 izithelo zigcinwa kuze ku-Ephreli.
- esitoreji, emasimini - kuze kuFebhuwari.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo ezicatshangwayo zezihlahla ze-apula azilwane ngokugcwele nezifo nezinambuzane. Ngokuphikisana nesikhumba, unezilinganiso. 
Izifo ezivamile neziyingozi zezihlahla zama-apula yi-powdery isikhutha. Ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lezinkomba zokuphikisa, kubalulekile ukusiza njalo izihlahla ukubhekana nalolu hlobo lwesifo. Entwasahlobo "Jonagold" ngempela baphatha isixazululo Bordeaux. Esikhathini emva kokubunjwa kwefihlekile futhi ngaphambi kokuba izihlahla zezimbali kufanele zifakwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile eziqukethe ithusi.
Ubusika obunzima
Ubunzima bebusika abukwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi yimandla yalezi zihlukahlukene, kungaphansi kwezinga eliphansi noma eliphansi kakhulu. Imithi imelana nobusika obukhulu kakhulu izinguquko zokushisa okukhulu. Ezimweni ezinzima zesimo sezulu, izihlahla zithola umonakalo ophawulekayo, emva kwalokho zide kakhulu futhi zingabuyiselwa ngokugcwele, okuthinta kakhulu ukunciphisa isivuno sabo.
Uyazi? Ema-1980, izihlahla azikwazanga ukuphuluka emva kokushisa okukhulu kwebusika ePolesie yase-Ukraine. Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa baxoshwa.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Ama-apula alezi zihlukahlukene ahlukaniswa njengezithelo ngokusetshenziswa kwendawo yonke. Akulungile hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa nangendlela yazo zonke izinhlobo zokongiwa - ama-juice, ama-compotes, amazambane ahlambulukile, ama-jams, alondoloza. Ukufunwa okukhulu kwezithelo "Jonagold" bakha abakhiqizi bokudla kwabantwana abawacubungula ibe powder owomile.
Uma ukhula ama-apula, umuntu kufanele alandele ngokuvumelana nemithetho yokutshala, yokudla, ukumhlophe, ukusika izihlahla, ukupuniza.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Ngemuva kokuhlaziya zonke izici eziyinhloko zezihlahla ze-apula "I-Jonagold", kubalulekile ukugqamisa izinzuzo zabo eziyinhloko nokungalungile. 
Amandla avela kulokhu okuhlukahlukene yilokhu okulandelayo:
- izithelo ezinkulu nokubukeka kahle kakhulu kanye nezinambitheka;
- isivuno esiphakeme nesisimeme;
- ubuqili;
- ukuthutha okuphezulu;
- isitoreji eside;
- ukusetshenziswa jikelele ekuphekeni.
Kodwa phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezinzuzo kunezimo eziyingozi:
- ukuphikiswa kwesifo esiphansi;
- ayanele ngokwanele ubusika obusika.
