I-catarantus ekhanyayo futhi ekhangayo ingabonakala njengesici sokuhlobisa kwangaphandle kwemifula evulekile nama-verandas, ku-design landscape, kanye nomhlobiso wekhaya lakho noma i-ofisi yangaphakathi.
Lezi "ezicacile, ezihlanzekile", ezihunyushwe kusuka esiGrekini, izimbali zibukeka kahle, zidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane futhi zilungele ukuthokoza ngobuhle bazo cishe unyaka wonke.
Incazelo emfushane yesitshalo
I-quarantus - ithathwa ngokuthi ihlumela elivuthiwe kanye nezihlahla, umndeni u-Kutrovye. Endaweni yayo yemvelo, itholakala eCuba, eJava, ePhilippines, e-Afrika, e-Indochina nase-Indonesia, kodwa ivame kakhulu eMadagascar, lapho i-quarantus imelwe khona ezinhlotsheni ezingu-7 zobuhle obuhlukile. Ingatshalwa njengesitshalo esingapheli njengesiko lendawo nasendlini zokugcina izithombo futhi njengonyaka ngonyaka.
Ezimweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, isitshalo singakhula kuze kube sezingeni lika-1.5 m, kanti izibonelo ezisemakhaya zifinyelela ku-50-60 cm.
Isiqu sinomzimba futhi sihamba nge-branching esiphezulu, lapho isikhathi sisebenza. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngombala wamagxolo, kungenzeka ukutshela ukuthi yimiphi imibala eyoqhakaza, ngoba izimbali ezimhlophe zivela esihlahleni esinamaqabunga aluhlaza, futhi i-pink - anthocyanin. 
Umsuka we-cataractus unamandla, unesakhiwo esiyisisekelo esiphambanweni esiyinhloko esithuthukile, ubukhulu bawo obufinyelela ku-20-30 cm ngokujula. Izimpande zomsuka zihanjiswa ngobuningi obukhulu futhi zibe nesici, iphunga elithile. Izimpande ezisencane ziyizinwele, ngaphandle kwezinwele zempande.
Amaqabunga embali afana nobukhulu obukhulu, abe nesimo esincane esinezinto ezincane, ubude obuyi-7 cm. Bayidwetshwe obumnyameni obumnyama ngophotho oluqhakazile kanye ne-vein emhlophe phakathi kwephepha leqabunga.
Ukuqhakaza kwe-quarantus kuhle kakhulu. Isitshalo sonke sinezimbali ezinkulu, 4-5 cm ububanzi, ne-corolla flat kanye namagundane amahlanu, umbala okhangayo kakhulu. Phakathi kwemibala yemvelo neyimvelo kufanele icaciswe: iqhwa elimhlophe, elikhanyayo elibomvu, i-blue-lilac, i-orange, i-pink izimbali ezinobuso obuhlukile.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza okusebenzayo kwe-quarantus sisukela ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube phakathi kwekwindla, lapho sonke isitshalo sigcwele ihlombe elikhulu lezimbali ezicebile. Lapho isikhathi sokushisa sehlehla, izimbali ziyaqhamuka, kanti lapho kutholakala khona izithelo, ngaphakathi kwazo kunezinhlobo eziyishumi nambili zezitshalo zokujula. Uhlobo olubomvu lwe-quarantus ekhaya aluvami ukuveza imbewu. 
Ukubaluleka kwesitshalo kunqunywa ukwakheka kwawo okuyingqayizivele, okuqukethe izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-80 ze-alkaloids ehlukahlukene, ezisetshenziselwa kakhulu izinjongo zokwelapha, kwezolimo. Ngesisekelo salezi zinto zenza izidakamizwa eziphumelelayo zokulwa ne-leukemia, isifo sikashukela, kanye nezidakamizwa zesifo sengqondo nesenzo sokuhlukunyezwa, ama-antispasmodics anamandla.
Njengoba i-Caratrantus iqukethe inani elikhulu lama-alkaloids, endaweni engokwemvelo yezilwane ezihlambalaza ngesinkwa sayo esibabayo nesinobuhlungu, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha lapho ugcina isitshalo ekhaya.
Kubalulekile! I-Quarantus inobuthi, ngakho-ke lesi sitshalo akufanele sitholakale ngokukhululekile ezinganeni nasezilwaneni ezifuywayo, futhi ukunakekelwa kufanele kusetshenziswe ngeiglavu, ukuvikela izandla zakho ekudleni nokudakwa.
Izithombo ezikhulayo ekhaya
Ukwandisa i-quarantus ezivela imbewu kuyindlela efinyeleleka kunazo zonke futhi esetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuzalanisa lesi sitshalo. Imbewu ingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile, ngoba kunjalo, kunzima kakhulu ukuzithola ngemisebenzi yabo ekhaya. Lokhu kudinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo enkambeni yokutshala imbali ngesikhathi esibi, okungukuthi, lapho i-quarantus ingaqhakazi, ilawula izinga lokushisa, umswakama namazinga okukhanya, okumele kuhambisane nesimo sezulu semvelo sesitshalo. Ngenxa yalokho, imbewu ingatholakala ngaphambi kokuqala kwentwasahlobo. 
Izinzuzo zendlela yokukhiqiza imbewu zibizwa ngokuthi:
- ukubukeka kwesitshalo esikhangayo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zembewu;
- ukuhluma kwabo ngokushesha;
- ukuhlwanyela imbewu kungaba ngasiphi isikhathi;
- izindleko eziphansi zembewu.
- inqubo enzima;
- ikhono lokudala izimo zokuhluma;
- inqubo eqhubekayo yokuthola imbewu ngokuzimela.
Izinsuku zokufika
Ukuze ukhule i-carantus ekhaya, kuhlwanyelwa izinsuku ezingu-60-70 ngaphambi kwezimbali ezifunayo, ngoba ungatshala imbewu unyaka wonke. Ngokuvamile, inqubo yokutshala iqala ngokufika kwentwasahlobo ukuze iqhume ehlobo. 
Ukuze kuhlume kahle ukuhluma kwembewu kanye nokukhula kwesithombo, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka inani elanele lokukhanya okungenani amahora angu-8 ngosuku futhi, uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa okufakelwayo - i-fitball.
Kubalulekile! Uma uthenga ukutshala impahla kubalulekile ukunaka isikhathi sokuthengwa kwayo kanye nokupakisha, imbewu ye-stale ayikwazi ukuhluma.
Ukutshala amathangi nomhlabathi
Ukutshala ukuhlanjululwa kudingeke ukulungisa inhlabathi. Kufanele kube:
- okuxekethile, umoya;
- i-fertile;
- umswakama obunzima;
- acidity 5.5-5.9 pH;
- ngokuhlungwa okulinganayo kasawoti.
Uma ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi kwenziwa ngokuzimela, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlanganise i-leaf kanye ne-sod inenani elilinganayo, ungeze ingxenye yensiza emifula yomfula kanye ne-peat encane. Zonke izingxenye zandulela ukucwiliswa kanzima, zihlonywe kuhhavini, noma ziphathwa ngezindlela ezikhethekile noma isisombululo se-potassium permanganate ukususa izifo nezinambuzane ezikhona. Ukwandisa ukukhuleka kwenhlabathi, kutuswa ukusebenzisa i-perlite ne-vermiculite.
Esikhundleni se-substrate, ungasebenzisa amaphilisi e-peat, angadingi ukukhetha isitshalo. Zifakwe kahle ngaphambi kokwenza imbewu. 
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuzosiza ekuhlinzekeni izimbali ezide futhi ezinhle kakhulu ze-carantus. Uma isitshalo sonyaka, umanyolo usetshenziswa kanye ngesonto. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, kusetshenziselwa isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi sezindlu zezimbali, okuhlanjululwa emanzini okunisela ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo ephaketheni. Ungasebenzisa futhi ukugqoka okwesibhakabhaka ama-roses angaphakathi. Uma lesi sitshalo singapheli futhi sikhulile ekhaya, sondla kancane kancane, izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga, sinciphise umthamo womanyolo ngesigamu. Uma kungekho izimbali, ukunceliswa kumisiwe ngokuphelele.
Uyazi? I-Quarantus ivame ukudideka nge-periwinkle, isitshalo ekuqaleni sasibizwa ngokuthi yilolu hlobo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izitshalo zezitshalo zamabhodlela zakha umehluko ocacile futhi zahlukanisa uhlobo oluhlukile lwembali lezhisayo, futhi kusukela ekhulwini le-18 laqala ukulihlakulela ngenjongo yokuhlobisa.
I-flowerpot ye-quarantus kumele ibe mkhulu, ngoba lesi sitshalo siphuthuma ngokushesha futhi sinomsoco oqinile futhi akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela izimbobo zokugeleza ekugqaseni izinqubo zezimpande. Ukufakelwa kwezimbali kwenzeka njalo ngonyaka, kanti ububanzi bebhodlela banda ngo-3-5 cm.
Uma utshala phansi kwebhodlela ubeka ungqimba lwamanzi ngo-3-4 cm. Ngale njongo ungawasebenzisa:
- ubumba obwandisiwe;
- amahlumela;
- itshe elichotshoziwe lensayizi encane;
- izitini eziphukile
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Imbewu yokwahlukanisa idinga ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokutshala, lapho ihlanganiswa khona ngamalungiselelo akhethekile ngosuku, okuzosiza ukwandisa izinga lokuhluma. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izidakamizwa ezifanele ezifana ne-Appin no-Kornevin, i-Zircon, okwandisa okuqukethwe komswakama kule nqubo futhi kusebenze indlela yokukhula. 
Ukususwa kwezinambuzane ezivela ezinambuzaneni nasezifo ezifubeni kwenziwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate yokuhlushwa okubuthakathaka imizuzu engu-30. Khona-ke, imbewu iyasakazwa esikhwameni sephepha noma i-gauze, inike ukuba yome.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo
Ngaphambi kokutshala, i-substrate yebumba iswakanyiswe ngamandla futhi ilinde kuze kube yilapho umswakama ubambeke ngokuphelele. Okulandelayo, udinga ukudala izindawo ezingajulile. Ngemuva kwalokho, qala ukufaka imbewu, ukuyifaka emhlabathini kuze kufike ekujuleni kwe-1 cm nokufafaza ungqimba omncane wensimu ka-0.5 cm. Ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu kufanele libe phakathi kuka 1.5-2 cm. Khona-ke inhlabathi ikhuliswa ebhodleleni le-spray futhi ilula kancane.
Ikhono lembewu ezitshalweni zithunyelwa kubamba lokushisa noma ukudala i-microclimate edingekayo, efaka ingilazi noma i-polyethylene. Kunconywa ukuphonsa indaba emnyama emgqonyeni wesithombo noma ukuyiyisa ekamelweni ngaphandle kokukhanyisa.
Kubalulekile! Ukusebenza kwembewu ehluma ezindaweni ezimnyama kwanda.
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezithombo
Ukuze ukuhluma okuphumelelayo kwezithombo kumele kuhambisane nemibandela eminingi, efaka:
- ukukhanya;
- izimo zokushisa;
- ukuchelela;
- ukukhulelwa;
- ukukhetha
Izikwenziwa zenziwa uma isitshalo ngasinye sesivele sathola amaqabunga angu-4 weqiniso futhi sifinyelele ukuphakama kwama-7-8 cm. Le nqubo kumele yenziwe ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kokulinda kuze kufike uhlelo lwempande lukhulu kakhulu futhi isitshalo siphendula ngokubi nakakhulu ukufakelwa. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-cataract kuhilela ukucubungula impande zibe yi-1/3 yengxenye, okuzokwenza ukuba amandla akhuphuke esitshalweni futhi aqinisekise ukukhula okuphumelelayo kwesimiso.Le nqubo ayenzwanga uma amaphilisi e-peat asetshenziselwa izithombo ezikhulayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokunakekela i-quarantus ekhaya.
Uma kuhlelwe ukuzala i-quarantus ekhaya, bayacabangela isidingo sesitshalo sokukhanyisa okuhle, ngaphandle kokushisa, imisebe eqondile. Ngakho-ke, ibhodlela libekwa ohlangothini olusentshonalanga noma empumalanga, kodwa hhayi ngempela kwi-sill window, kodwa endaweni lapho kukhanya khona ngokwanele. Uma kunokuntuleka kokukhanyisa - izimbali ziyoba lukhulu kakhulu, kanti isiqu sizoba mncane. Uma kunesibindi sokukhanya, ama-phytolamps noma izibani ze-fluorescent zisetshenzisiwe, ezifakwe kude azikho ngaphezu kuka-60-70 cm, ukushisa okunye kungase kwenzeke emaqabunga. 
Ikamelo kufanele lifudumale, lingabi ngaphansi kuka-8 ° C, ngokuqondile ngaphakathi kwezingu-20 ... + 25 ° C. Esimo sezulu esifudumele, lesi sitshalo senziwa esikhwameni evulekile noma ematheni, lapho singagcwele umoya-mpilo. Ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kwezimbali, i-catarantus idluliselwa ekamelweni elipholile elinokushisa okungaba ngu-15 ° C, lapho isitshalo sizobe siseduze nokushisa imishini. Indawo enjalo ingaba loggia efudumele.
Lesi sitshalo esishisayo sakhula kahle ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu, izinga laso akufanele liwe ngaphansi kwe-60%, futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokufaka amanzi okuphuza okweziwe. Kunconywa ukuthi uchithe amanzi ngamapuleti asemagqabeni, ugweme ingress yomswakama ngezimbali. Ukwandisa umswakama ekamelweni, kufanele ufake i-humidifier noma isitsha ngamanzi eduze kwesikhuni phakathi nenkathi ebandayo, noma ufake i-flowerpot ngembali epanini lokukhipha nge-drain emanzi.
Ukunisela kufanele kube ngamanani alinganiselwe, ngokuphelele ukuvumela izimpande ukuba zome. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, lesi sitshalo sizophendula ngokuphazamisa ipuleti leqabunga. Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukukhukhula imbali ngokuqinile ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kwamanzi epanini nasemanzini emhlabathini. Ukunisela ngenkathi ebandayo, lapho isitshalo siphumula, sinciphisa kakhulu. 
Ukukhetha indawo ye-quarantus yezimbali, kufanele uqaphele ukungabi khona kwemidwebo nokufinyelela emisebeni eqondile yelanga, futhi isitshalo kumele sibe ngaphansi komkhumbi ukuze uvikeleke emvuleni uma ikhulile ngaphandle. Ngaphansi kwezimo, imbali izokhula ngokujulile futhi ijabule ngezimbali zayo eziluhlaza.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukuze uhlakulele ensimini, ngokuvamile ukhetha izinhlobo zonyaka. Bayojabulela izimbali zabo ezikhanyayo futhi ezinomsoco isikhathi eside ngenkathi efudumele, futhi ebusika ngeke badinge ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. I-quarantus yama-tropical ayizithobeki, kodwa i-shrub ye-thermophilic futhi, ukhetha indawo yokutshala, udinga ukuyikhumbula lokhu. Ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile kwenzeka ensizeni ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho isimo sesimo sezulu sesivele sisungulwe futhi umhlaba usuvuselele ngokwanele.
Isikhathi esiphelele
Ukuqiniswa kwezimo zezulu ezifudumele, lapho umoya ushisa kuze kube sezingeni lika-20 ° C futhi awekho ukushintshashintsha kokushisa kwansuku zonke - isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-quarantus emhlabathini ovulekile. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, nasezindaweni ezipholile, ngoJuni. 
Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha, kuyadingeka ukuba unakekele ukuqina izitshalo, okufika lapho kufike khona isimo sezulu esifudumele, kancane kancane siqale ukuqhutshwa emkhathini, ngesikhathi sikhula ukuvezwa emoyeni omusha. Emva kwesikhathi sokuhamba kuye kwalethwa ubude bosuku, isitshalo silungele ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukukhetha indawo
Ukuze ukhethe indawo ephelele yombhede wembali ngezindawo zokuhlukanisa, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi:
- okwanele, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kwethonya eliqondile lelanga elishisayo;
- ayitholakali ukuqhutshwa okunamandla kwemimoya nemidwebo.
Inhlabathi ensimini yembali kufanele ibe:- okulula, nokuphefumulela okuhle;
- egcwele amanzi;
- ecebile ezakhiweni zamaminerali;
- okungenasi-acidic;
- nge-drainage enhle.
Eceleni ne-quarantus embhede wombuzi ungahamba:
- ibhalsamu;
- i-petunia;
- lobelia;
- i-periwinkle.
Uyazi? Emithi yokwelapha, izakhamuzi zaseMadagascar naseNdiya zasebenzisa i-quarantus njengomuthi wokunciphisa ukucindezelwa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela namathumba. Lolu lwazi lwatholakala kumsayense waseMelika futhi lwaqala ukusetshenziswa embonini yezokwelapha ngemuva kokufika kwamasosha asePhilippines, lapho abantu bendawo babalekela khona ukungabi khona kwe-insulin ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezempi ngokudla lesi sitshalo.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Iziyalezo
Ngaphambi kokufika kokuhlukanisa indawo, kwenziwa umsebenzi wokulungiselela, okusho ukuthi:
- ukumba umhlabathi embhede wombala ukuze ukhululeke futhi izinga lokukhula kwe-aeration kanye ne-oxygen saturation landa, okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhula okuhle nokusebenza kahle kohlelo lwempande;
- ukwethulwa kwezakhi kanye nama-agent ahlukanisa emhlabathini;
- ukudala uhlelo lwezinga eliphezulu lokugeleza, oluzoqinisekisa ukungabikho kokunyuka kwamanzi futhi ngeke kuvumele izimpande zibole. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungqimba lobumba obunwetshiwe, amatshe amatshe noma imfucumfucu ibhekwe phansi emgodini ongajulile, bese umfula ugcwele umhlaba;
- ukulungiswa kwezimbobo zokugibela, okunconywa ukuba ziguqulwe kude ebangeni elingama-30 cm komunye nomunye;
- ukujula komgodi wokutshala kufanele kube ngosayizi olunjalo ukuthi impande yenzalo ingena kalula ngaphandle kokulimala;
- ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa yemisele lingagcinwa ebangeni elingama 60-70 cm.
Vula ukulungiswa kwensimu
Kudingekile ukuthi ulandele izindawo zokuhlukanisa i-flowerbed, kodwa ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esiningi futhi ngeke kubangele inkinga. Okokuqala, kufanele sikhiqize ukhula lwehlabathi lapho izimbali zitshalwe khona. Lokhu kuzobasiza ukuba bazivumelanise ngokushesha, futhi esikhathini esizayo, izihlahla ezindala zizokwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela nokhula endaweni.
Ukuphuza imibhede ngamakhemikhali, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amanzi emvula noma amanzi athambile, ahlungiwe. Ehlobo, isikhathi esishisayo, isitshalo sidinga umswakama owengeziwe, ngoba kusihlwa ungahlela ukugeza okulula noma ukuchelela. Uma lokhu kwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, amanzi awela ngaphansi kwemisebe evuthayo yelanga angashiya ukushisa emaqabini nezimbali. Uma amaqabunga amaqabunga aqala ukugubha - isitshalo sibonisa ukungabi namanzi okuphuza. Ngemuva kokuthola umswakama oyifunayo, amaqabunga amaqabunga avuselela isimo sakhe ngaphakathi kwehora. 
Izihlahla ze-karantus zondliwa entwasahlobo, zenezela izitshalo zamaminerali emhlabathini, kanti lapho isitshalo siqala ukuqhakaza, kuhlonywe ngamalungiselelo e-potassium-phosphorus, okwenza kube nokwakheka okukhulu kwezimbali. Inqubo yokwenza izakhi zokudla okunomsoco kwenzeka njalo emavikini amabili. Ngemuva kokuphela kwezimbali ezisebenzayo, isitshalo simiswa ukutshala.Ama-fertilizer e-organic asetshenziswa ngokucophelela futhi ngokulinganisela, ngoba i-rhizome ehlathini ingashiswa futhi lokhu kuzobangela ukufa kwayo. Ukuze umanyolo wemvelo ophephile uhlanganisa umlotha okhuni ngesimo se-aqueous solution.
Ukuhlanganisa iziqongo zasemahlathini kukhiqizwa ngokuphakama kwama-7-10 cm uma ufuna ukukhula kancane, kodwa izitshalo ezikhula kahle. Uma kudingekile, inqubo iphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2-3.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokukhulisa i-quarantus ensimini.
Uma kuvela amaqabunga aphuzi, kudingeke ukuba izihlahla zimele ukusiza ukubuyisela amandla esitshalo nokukhula okunamandla kakhulu.
Phakathi nesikhathi semvula ende nokupholisa, isitshalo singase sidinge indawo yokuhlala ngaphansi kwefilimu ngendlela yokutshala izihlahla, kungenjalo ingase ilahlekelwe izimbali zayo kanye namafihlethi. 
Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sesiphelile, siqala ukulungiselela ubusika. Uma i-cararantus ehlala isikhathi eside ihlwanyelwe embhede wombala, iguzwa ngaphandle ngezimpande kanye ne-clock earthy futhi ithunyelwe embizeni enkulu. Okulandelayo, i-rhizome efafazwe ngenhlabathi efanele futhi ithumele isitshalo ebusika egumbini elinokushisa kwe-15 ... + 17 ° C. Lapho kufika entwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sitshaliswa kusuka ebhodweni kuya endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni.
I-Qatarantus ingaba yinto evelele yensimu yakho noma ihlobisa noma yikuphi ingaphakathi ngezimbali zayo ezikhanyayo nezikhangayo. Lesi sitshalo esishisayo asihloniphi ekunakekeleni, ngenxa yokuthi sithole ukuthandwa kwayo. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile sikhumbule mayelana nezindawo zokuzivikela zalesi simbali, sigqoke amagilavu ngesikhathi somsebenzi bese sibeka isitshalo endaweni ephephile.
