I-Geranium iyisitshalo sezintandokazi esivame ukukhula kahle kokubili endlini nasemgwaqweni. Cabanga konke ukucabangela kwama-geraniums akhula ekhaya, ikakhulukazi ukunakekelwa kanye nezinyathelo zokulwa nezifo nezinambuzane ezingathinta isitshalo.
Izimo ezinhle zokutshala nezitshalo ezikhulayo
I-Geranium iyisitshalo esithisa ukushisa futhi esithandayo esithanda ukukhula eningizimu yefasitela-sill. Ngokuvamile, lesi sitshalo sizozizwa sill entshonalanga nasempumalanga, kodwa ingxenye enyakatho yendlu ukuhlala lesi sitshalo ngeke isebenze.
Imbali ayibekezelelanga ukungabi khona kwelanga, amahlumela aswetshiwe, avuliwe, akukho ukukhazimula. Lapho ukhetha indawo yokulima emgwaqweni, landela imithetho efanayo: khetha indawo ekhanyisiwe, evikelekile kusuka emaphethini kanye nemimoya eqinile. 
Imbali ikhula kahle uma izinga lokushisa emoyeni ekamelweni lingama-20 ... + 25 ° С, ebusika izinga lokushisa akufanele liwele ngezansi + 13 ° С, ngaphandle kwalokho imbali izolimaza futhi ingase ife. Umoya omswakama noma owomile unomphumela omubi embali futhi uvuselela izinambuzane noma izifo ezivamile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcina umswakama ezingeni lika 50-60%.
Umswakama womhlabathi kufanele ube olinganiselayo, ukuchelela okuvame kakhulu kungabangela ukubola kwezimpande, i-geranium engavamile - eyomile, ngakho-ke ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngemva kokuba umhlabathi usomile.
Uyazi? Igama elithi "Geranium" elisuka esiGriki lisho "ugogo", kukholelwa ukuthi igama lembali lalibangelwa izithelo ezibukeka njengezinyosi zezinyoni.
Indlela yokutshala i-geranium
Ukuze imbali ithuthukise kahle futhi ijabule ngezimbali eziningi, kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo zokutshala imbali, ngakho cabangela lolu lwazi ngokuningiliziwe.
Izinsuku zokufika
Isikhathi sokutshala i-geraniums sincike endleleni yokulima. Uma kuhlwanyelwa imbewu yezitshalo, isikhathi esihle kakhulu salokhu ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Izinqubo ezitshaliwe noma ama-rhizomes kungaba kamuva - ekuqaleni noma phakathi kukaJuni. Ukutshala kungenziwa futhi ebhodweni, kulokhu, isikhathi esihle - ngoJanuwari-Februwari.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Imbali ikhetha ukukhula enhlabathini evulekile, evundile futhi enothile kahle, izinga le-pH lihlukahluka kusuka ku-acidic ukuya ekungathathi hlangothi. Inhlanganisela yenhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo ikakhulukazi i-geranium, ethengwe esitolo esithile, izosebenza kahle. Uma ingxube ekhethekile ingatholakali, ungayilungisa ngokwakho; ukwenza lokhu, hlanganisa noma iyiphi i-substrate yezitshalo zezimbali (izingxenye ezimbili) nge-vermiculite (izipuni ezimbili nge-1 l we-substrate), wageza ngesikhala somfula (izingxenye ezingu-0.5), i-peat ( 0.5 izingxenye), i-perlite (1 tbsp. 1 ilitha le-substrate). 
Kutuswa ukunciphisa inhlabathi ukuze kuqedwe amabhaktheriya ayingozi kanye nesibungulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa ubheyili kabili, ubeke inhlabathi lapho imizuzu engu-30. Ngaphandle kwe-boiler kabili, ungathambisa umhlabathi ngendlela elandelayo: uthele i-substrate ibe esikhwameni sesendwangu, uyibeke phezu kwesitsha ngamanzi ashisayo, engeza amanzi abilayo kumanzi njengoba uketshezi lwaluhlehlela phansi, umboze isakhiwo esivela ngenhla ngesembatho noma ngendwangu ebanzi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isitsha esifanele sokukhuphula i-geraniums, ngakho ake sihlolisise ukuthi yiziphi izimbiza ongazitshala. Lapho ukhetha ibhodlela, umuntu akufanele aqondiswe ngokuthandwa kwakhe kuphela, eshibhile noma elula ukunakekelwa komthamo, kodwa futhi nenhlalakahle yezitshalo ezikhulayo ezitsheni ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukene. Iziqukathi zasepulasitiki zilula kakhulu ukusebenzisa, kulula ukuhlanza, azilwi, zingabizi futhi ziyasebenza, zinezisindo ezincane.
Uyazi? Amaqabunga eGeranium aphunga iphunga elithile nakwamanye amazwe ase-Asia athandwa kakhulu ekuphekeni, asetshenziswa njengesiphuzo sezitsha zokuqala nezokuqala.
I-Geranium nayo izwa kahle emiphaketheni yepulasitiki, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ibhekene nokubola kwezimpande, ikakhulukazi uma kungekho imigodi eyanele yemifudlana yamanzi noma isendlalelo esincane sokudonsa ihlelwe. Imbiza yobumba ibhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokutshala imbali, ngoba ngemva kokunisela, umswakama owedlulele ungaphazamiseka emadongeni ebhodweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubumba luyakwazi ukukhipha ama-salts obulimaza isitshalo emhlabathini. Iziqukathi zokugcoba zihlinzekela kahle izimpande, njengoba zinesakhiwo esibucayi.
Ubukhulu bebhodlela bubalulekile futhi, uma ukhetha isitsha esikhulu semithamo yehlumela elincane noma isitshalo esincane, ungavusa ukungabi khona kwezimbali. Ezitsheni ezinkulu, i-geranium izokhula ngokuqinile uhlelo lwempande, lapho ingxenye yomhlabathi izokhula khona ngokushesha. Usayizi olungcono kakhulu we-geranium ungumbumbi ka-12-15 cm ububanzi no-15 cm ukuphakama. 
Izindlela zokufika
I-Geranium ivame ukudideka ne-pelargonium, lezi zitshalo zinokufaniswa kwangaphandle futhi ziyingxenye efanayo, kodwa imibala ehluke ngokuphelele. I-Pelargonium ikhulelwa kuphela ezindaweni zokuhlala, futhi i-geranium iyimbali yonke, ngakho-ke ikhula kahle kokubili emakhazeni nasezimbizeni. I-Geranium ingahlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngezindlela ezifanayo njengebhodini, kodwa ngemithetho ethile ilandelwe, ngakho-ke sizocubungula zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances zokufika ngendlela ngayinye ngokuningiliziwe.
Imbewu
Indlela yokutshala i-geraniums embhede wembali ijwayelekile, imbewu ihluma kahle futhi ihlume ngokushesha, okubangela ukuthuthukiswa okuhle kwenxenye yomhlabathi kanye nokuqala kwezimbali zezitshalo ezincane. Umhlabathi wokutshala i-geraniums kufanele usuvele ufudumele kahle, izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi kufanele libe okungenani + 15 ° C. Plot kahle ngaphambi kokumba, ususe ukhula. Ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini kwenza okungacacile (kuze kufike ku-3 cm), imifula ende.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze kulondolozwe imbewu, ukulandelana kokucutshungulwa nama-agent abasizayo kufanele kubonwe, ngaphandle kwalokho imbewu ingase ilahlekelwe yimpumelelo yayo.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu iphakanyiswa ukuba ilahlwe iphinde icutshungulwe, ngoba lokhu kuqala ifakwa kwisisombululo saline (2 tablespoons usawoti) ngamanzi 1 l. Imbewu efikile - elahliwe, ewile phansi-ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela. Imbewu enqatshiwe yahlanza ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo ukuze isuse izinsalela zomunyu, usule ithawula lephepha.
Okulandelayo, qhubekela phambili ekufakeni i-disinfection ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate: ku-1 l amanzi amanzi ahlakaze i-potassium permanganate engxenyeni yomese ukuze athole umthamo ophansi. Gcwalisa imbewu kule siphumo esiphelele imizuzu engama-20, bese ugeza ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo bese usomile ngophawu lwephepha. Isigaba sokugcina ukuphathwa kwembewu nge-stimulator yokukhula.
Ukuze kusetshenziswe okunjalo, kufanelekile "i-Zircon" noma "i-Appin", okunconywa ukuthi isebenzise ngokwemiyalo. Imbewu ephathwayo yomiswe ngendwangu yesikhwama futhi ifakwe efudumele, efudumele-sill-sill, ehlakazekile ephephandabeni usuku ukuze yome.
Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa emanzini afudumele ahlanzekile, aphephile, ezama ukugcina ibanga eliphakathi kuka-2 cm emkhatsini wembewu. Hlwala izitshalo ngenhlabathi enomswakama, ungagcini, ungacindezela kalula ubuso bomhlabathi ngesandla sakho.
Ividiyo: ukutshala imbewu ye-geranium
Scion
Ukutshala amahlumela e-geranium asezimpande kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuthola isitshalo esiphuthumayo ngokushesha. Ukuze ukhiqizwe amahlumela e-geranium, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isitshalo somuntu omdala nge-branching lateral. Kutuswa ukunciphisa izinqubo zokutshala okuqhubekayo emhlabathini ovulekile ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ukuze ukwakheka kwempande kuqhubeke emhlabathini ogcwele kahle.
Inqubo yokuvuna isithasiselo kanje:
- Sika inqubo ekhethiwe ngommese okhaliphile (kumele okungenani ube namashidi amathathu), ugcine ubude buka-7 cm.
- Shiya i-scion kwi-sill iwindi amahora amathathu ukuze usule indawo encane. Ukuvimbela ukubola kwesigamu se-geranium kuyindlela yokwelapha indawo enqunyiwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe, okwenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kwenqubo yokusika inqubo.
- Ukudubula okulungiselelwe kuhlwanyelwe emigodini ensimini (ukujula - 3 cm), ukuxubha inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu.
- Emva kokutshala, inhlabathi ezungeze isithasiselo ithuliswa ngamanzi afudumele.
Ividiyo: Inqubo yokuzalisa i-geranium
I-Rhizome
Ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-geranium rhizome akuvumela nje ukuthola izitshalo ezincane ezengeziwe, kodwa futhi ukuvuselela asebekhulile. Isikhathi esihle sokuzala okunjalo sekuphela kwehlobo, ngalesi sikhathi isitshalo siphumule, futhi inqubo yokuhlukanisa impande ibekezelela kalula isitshalo.
Uzoba nesithakazelo sokwazi ukusabalalisa i-geranium yasebukhosini ekhaya.
Ukwenza inqubo ngendlela efanele, kufanele ulandele ukulandelana kwezenzo:
- bamba i-geranium omdala, ukhulule kahle izimpande emhlabathini;
- hlola ngokucophelela izimpande zomonakalo, ukhunta, izifo noma ukulimala kwezinambuzane. Izindawo ezigulayo, ezomile, ezithintekile zisusa;
- ukusika izimpande zeGeranium zibe izingxenye eziningana ukuze ngamunye wabo abe nezinga elilodwa lokukhula elivuselelekayo (ukuhlushwa okuncane);
- Embhede olungiselelwe, kubalulekile ukumba izimbobo ezincane (ubukhulu bawo buxhomeke kumthamo wesimiso sezimpande zezimpande ezivuniwe), ukugcwalisa imbobo ngayinye nge-peat kanye ne-compost;
- faka izingxenye zezimpande emgodini bese ugcwalisa i-voids nayo yonke inhlabathi, cindezela kalula isayithi ngezintende zezandla zakho bese uthele ngamanzi afudumele.
Indlela yokunakekela isitshalo ngemuva kokutshala
Ukunakekelwa kwezinga eliphakeme kwezitshalo - isibambiso sokuthuthukiswa okuhle nokuhleleka kwezimbali, kanye nokwakhiwa kokuphikiswa kwezifo, ngakho cabanga ukuthi ungayinakekela kahle kanjani i-geraniums ekhula emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukunisela ama-geraniums kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ngokuhlelekile ngendlela efanele noma efafazwe.
Esikhathini sokuqala, ukuchelela kwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuletha uketshezi ngaphansi kwempande. Ukufafaza kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezibhamu ezikhethekile ekwakheni amaconsi amancane afana nokulahlekelwa kwemvula yemvelo. Kudingekile ukuphuzisa imbali njengoba isisindo sezulu sishaya izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto, uma nje kungekho mvula yemvelo.
Kubalulekile! Uma izimvula zinzima futhi ziningi - lesi sitshalo asikhuthazwa ukuba siphuze nhlobo, ukuze singabhubhisi ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande.
Ukudla kokuqala kwe-geranium, noma yiziphi izixazululo ezakhiwa izitshalo zezimbali eziqukethe inani elanele le-phosphorus ezokwenza. Ukugqoka okuphezulu okufanayo kufakwe ngaphambi kokusila ukugqugquzela ukwakhiwa kwenani elikhulu lamahlumela aluhlaza. Ukwethulwa kwezixazululo zomsoco okwenziwe ngokwemiyalelo ephaketheni. Ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwe-inflorescences kunconywa ukuba wenze izithako ze-potash zezitshalo zezimbali ngokusho kwemiyalelo.
Izindlela zokulawula izinambuzane nezifo
Ama-geraniums angaphandle angase ahlupheke izifo nezinambuzane kunesitshalo, ngakho-ke cabanga ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuvimbela ukunqotshwa kwembali, nokuthi ungayenza kanjani.
Izifo ezivamile zeGeranium zihlanganisa:
- i-powdery isikhutha - isifo se-fungal, esizibonakalisa ngesibhakabhaka esimhlophe emaqabunga, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sidonsa ingxenye yonke yomhlaba wesitshalo. Ukuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwenkinga kwenzeka ngokufudumala okuphezulu kwenhlabathi nomoya, kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kwenzeka ngokuphatha lesi sitshalo nge-sulfur colloidal noma i-copper sulfate ngokwemiyalo. Kungenzeka ukuvimbela lesi sifo ngokufeza izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngendlela yokuhambisana nezincomo zokunisela, ukususwa kwezinsalela zezitshalo esakhiweni;
- impande yokubola - Isifo se-fungal esithinta uhlelo lwempande. Izibonakaliso eziyinhloko zesilonda zi-yellowing zamapuleti amaqabunga kanye ne-wilting yabo. Isibungu esimhlophe sibonakala ngeziqu, esisheshayo, lesi sitshalo sifa. Imithi yokwelapha i-root ihluleka ukuvikela isitshalo, ngokuvamile isebenzisa ukuvimbela. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela kufanele zihambise njalo umhlabathi embhedeni wembali, ubheke umbuso wokunisela, futhi uphathe isitshalo nge-Fundazol ngokwemiyalelo;
- umlenze omnyama - Isifo se-fungal esithinta isitshalo sesitshalo empandeni. Lesi sifo sivela ngenxa ye-aeration yomhlabathi ompofu, ukuchelela njalo nokushisa okupholile. Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha isitshalo esithintekile, kodwa kungenzeka ukusika ngesikhathi esifanele inqubo enempilo yokudoba okulandelayo. Ukuze ukuvimbela izifo kulandele izincomo zokunisela, njalo ufeze umhlabathi, ukhule i-geraniums enhlabathini elula;
- ukubola kwebhaktheriya - I-agent ye-causative yalesi sifo yizibhaktheriya ezithinta amaqabunga amaqabunga (zimbozwa ngezindawo ezomile futhi ziyahlushwa). Ukubola kwebhaktheriya ayinakuphulukiswa, kodwa izinyathelo zokuzivikela zinomphumela omuhle: ukugcinwa kwezinyathelo zokuqapha ngesikhathi sokutshala (usebenzisa amathuluzi ahlanzekile), ukubhujiswa okwesikhashana kwezitshalo zokutshala nokulawula izinambuzane.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane ezingathinta i-geranium, phuma:
- imikhaza - izinambuzane ezincane ezihlasela ingxenye yomhlabathi, isondeza ijusi kusuka emaqabunga neziqu. Amaqabunga eGeranium lapho kukhishwa ama-black amachashazi amancane, qala ukugoqa bese ubuna. Kudingekile ukulwa nale nkathazo ngamalungiselelo "Fitoverm", "Aktellik" ngokwemiyalo;
- thrips - izinambuzane ezincane ezikhanyayo ezinomzimba omningi, okubaluleke kakhulu okusebenzayo okubangela ukuguqulwa kwesigaba somhlabathi. Izikhukhula zivela ngemuva kwamashidi, umkhawulo wezimbali uphenduka obomvu. Ukulwa nama-thrips kufanele kwenziwe "Konfidor" noma "Fitoverm" ngokwemiyalo;
- i-aphid - izinambuzane ezincane eziluhlaza ezivutha ukuphuza nokuphunga kwamaqabunga amaqabunga. Ukuze ubhubhise izinambuzane, kubalulekile ukususa izingxenye ezithintekile kakhulu zesitshalo kanye namakholoni ama-aphid. Sula lesi sitshalo nge-Iskra noma i-Aktellik ngokwemiyalo;
- i-mealybug - Inkathazo encane enesisindo esigqugquzelwa yizinto ezimhlophe ezinamathele ezibukeka njengekotoni. Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane kwenziwa ngamalungiselelo e-Aktellk no-Aktara ngokwemiyalo.
Ngakho-ke, ukutshala i-geraniums kungenziwa embizeni noma emhlabathini ovulekile ngezindlela ezihlukene, izici zokufika kanye nenqubo yenqubo iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi indlela. Ukuze sikhule isitshalo esinempilo esiqinile nezimbali, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nazo zonke izincomo zokunakekelwa nokubhekana nezifo nezinambuzane ngesikhathi esifanele.
