Amahhashi ohlobo lwesiBashkir: izici, izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi

Uma sicabangela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamahhashi, umuntu akanakusiza kodwa anake amahhashi aseBashkir, okwakusukela esikhathini esidlule akhonze umuntu. Ngabe hlobo luni lwezilwane abanalo, yiziphi izinzuzo abanalo nokuthi yini okufanele bazi ngokubakhathalela - sizokutshela kuleli sihloko.

Umsuka wohlobo

Ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo kubuyela emuva emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka, futhi emithanjeni yabameleli bayo igazi ligeleza kokubili kumahhashi asendaweni aseBashkiria nasezilwaneni lapho izizwe zezizwe zaseTurkey zidlulisa ensimini yayo. Babethandwa kakhulu emakhulwini e-XVII-XVIII. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi uhlobo lwamaBashkir lwanamuhla luyindlela ephakathi phakathi kwamahhashi ase-steppe namahlathi, okwakhiwa ngaphandle kokungenela kwabantu. Ukukhethwa kwemvelo kwezilwane esimweni esinzima sezwekazi sekuyisizathu esiyinhloko sokukhuthazela okuphakeme nokuqhathanisa okungafani kwala mahhashi.

Uyazi? Ngo-1971, abaseMelika belethe abameleli abaningana bamahhashi aseBashkir baya eMelika futhi babhalisa uhlanga lwabo lapho - i-American Bashkir curly.

Incazelo kanye nezici

Amahhashi aseBashkir ngokuqinisekile ayobathandwa ngabathandi bezilwane ezinamandla nezihloniphekile, ezifanelwe kahle kokubili ezolimo nezinye izinhlobo zomsebenzi.

Ukubukeka

Ingaphandle yamahhashi aseBashkir enza kubonakale kakhulu futhi ngisho nemisipha ngokumelene nesizinda sezihlobo zabo eziningi. Lezi zilwane zinomzimba oqinile, onenhlanhla encane ephansi, elula futhi ebuyela emuva ngqo. Imilenze yifushane, kodwa inamandla kakhulu, ama-hoove anamandla futhi aqinile, ngakho-ke umcamelo awudingekile.

Kutholakale entanyeni emfushane neyindilinga, ikhanda liphuma ngenhla ebanzi futhi iphrofayli eqondile. Yakhiwa kabi kakhulu. Ngokuqondene nemingcele ethile yomzimba, yilezi:

• ama-stallion, njengamanje, angaphezu kwamamitha futhi lapho esekhulile angalinganisa u-450-470 kg;
• abesifazane bashesha kakhulu kulezi zikhombisi futhi bafinyelela kuphela 400-420 kg;
• Ukuphakama kwesilinganiso kumile - 1.38-1.45 m, kanti ibhande lika-chest cishe li-1.67-1.75 m;
• ubude be-trunk buba ngu-143-147 cm.

Izinwele zezilwane zigoqa kancane, futhi lokhu kubonakala kahle ebusika, lapho amahhashi ehamba cishe, futhi ubude bezinwele buncishisiwe.

Kubalulekile! Ngenxa yezici ezinjalo, wonke amalungu ohlobo alubekezelela kalula ukushisa kwamanzi, kuze kube ku--40 ° C, futhi ngisho nezinkinga ezinkulu zeqhwa ngeke zibe yinkinga kubo.

Ukubonakala komane nomsila nakho kuyashintsha unyaka wonke: ehlobo baba mncane kakhulu, futhi lapho kuqala ukushisa, izinwele zikhula futhi.

Izitshalo

Umbala wengubo wamahhashi aseBashkir ungaba ohluke kakhulu: obomvu, omnyama, omnyama, ompunga ngisho ne-Chubar, futhi zonke izinhlobo ze-savors nemivimbo yegrime ye-cremello ayifakiwe. Esikhathini esilandelayo, i-dun nombala womuntu kubhekwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu.

Umlingisi

Amahhashi aseBashkir ahlale ehlukaniswa ngomoya oqinile we-psyche and temperament temperament, futhi uma usebenzisa amandla amancane, kungenzeka ukuthi akhule izilwane ezinempilo nezithembekile ezihlale zikulungele ukubambisana nomnikazi wazo.

Ukuluma la mahhashi akusho ukuthatha isikhathi esiningi, ngoba babonisa ikhono lokufunda okuhle, ukuzinikezela nokusebenza okuphezulu. Ukuze akhuthaze isigceme sakhe, umphathi angamphatha ngama-apula, ama-izaqathi noma ishukela, ebonwa yizilwane njengento enhle kakhulu.

Kubalulekile! Amahhashi aseBashkir awonamahloni. Ngeke avule umgwaqo lapho ehlangana nemoto noma ugandaganda futhi ngeke abaleke ngemisindo enonya yama-salutes nanoma imuphi omunye umyalelo.

Uma umnikazi efisa, amahhashi angaqeqeshwa ukugibela, kodwa izifundo ngokushesha ziqala ngesilwane esincane, zizokhiqiza kakhulu.

Izinzuzo nokuqeda

Ngakho-ke, inzalo ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nezinkinga zayo, ngakho-ke, uma wenza isinqumo ngokuthola ihhashi laseBashkir, kubalulekile ukwazi ngezinzuzo zayo kanye nokuqeda.

Izimfanelo ezinhle zihlanganisa okulandelayo:

• impilo enhle kakhulu;
• ukungathobeki kokudla;
• izinselo ezinamandla ezingadingi amahhashi;
• ukuzilungisa ngokwakho umzimba;
• isimo esithuthukile sokuzivikela (angeke sikwazi ukushayela ihhashi singene enhlathini, futhi sikwenze ukuba igxume ekuboshweni komzimba futhi);
• kungenzeka ukuthi udle nge-leash (eboshwe ezintambo, leli hhashi ngeke liqede imilenze yalo, futhi lizohlala lithembele ngokuthula usizo lomnikazi);
• i-wide pitch kanye ne-free pitch kanye ne-lynx encane uma isebenza, okulula kakhulu lapho uhamba amabanga amade.

• kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise umgibeli onolwazi olungenasabe lapho egibele (ebona ukungaqiniseki okuncane komgibeli, ihhashi liyakwazi ukulikhiphela ngokushesha noma lenze nje ukugijima kungabambeleli);
• ekwazi ukuthi izojeziswa, ihhashi ngeke lihlwithwe noma yikuphi ukucasula, noma ngabe liye lajeziswa kanye kuphela (kwezinye izimo ukuphulwa "kwemithetho yokuziphatha" kuyadingeka, okuyinto abamele lo mhlanga akunakwenzeka ukufeza);
• ukuhluleka kokusebenzisa izigxobo ezincane ezigxilile ngenxa yokungcola okuqhubekayo kwendayimane (kunzima amahhashi asemaqeleni ukuba achaze ukuthi akufanele aqedwe);
• lapho ehamba edlelweni, isilwane ngeke sisenqabe ukulahla emkhunjini odaka, njengoba okhokho babo benza kanjalo nje, bezivikela ezithameni zezinambuzane ezincelisa igazi;
• ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa emidlalweni yezemidlalo yase-equestrian, ngoba uma ihhashi lingafuni ukugxuma phezu kwesivinini, khona-ke umgibeli angeke amthole ukuba akwenze.

Uma kungenjalo, uma izinkinga ezikhona zohlobo zingakwethusisi, ungathenga ngokuphepha ihhashi laseBashkir bese ulisebenzisa ngezidingo zakho.

Uyazi? Kukholelwa ukuthi ihhashi lokuqala eplanethi yethu kwakuyisilwane esinesisindo esingama-5 kg ​​kuphela futhi esingaphezu kuka-35 cm ubude. Izazi zezokwelapha ziyibiza nge-Eo-Kippus, futhi zikwahlulela ngezinsalela ezitholakalayo, zahlala eMhlabeni eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-60 edlule.

Ububanzi besicelo

Ezinsukwini zakudala, amahhashi ahlongozwayo asetshenziselwa ukwakha amabutho aseBashkir (ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1812), ngoba isibindi sabo nokuzimisela, ukukhululeka kokulawula nokuqinisekiswa kwamvumela umgibeli ukuba akhiphe izinkomba ezibhekiswe ezitheni. Ngesikhathi sokuthula, lawa mahhashi ayesebenzisana kakhulu kwezolimo, okwakushiya uphawu lwawo ekuzibukeni kwawo: izilwane zinezimpande ezithuthukile kahle futhi akukho ukubonakaliswa kokuma ngokweqile komzimba.

Njengamanje, indawo enkulu yokusetshenziswa kwabamele abakwaBashkir yikhiqizwa inyama kanye ne-koumiss, ngenxa yokuthi ijwayele ukuthengwa ngqo emhlambini. Bavele bajwayele umnikazi omusha futhi ngokunakekelwa kahle kungaba ibhukwana ngokuphelele.

Ngezinye izikhathi amahhashi aseBashkir asetshenziselwa ukugibela, kodwa ngenhloso yalokhu angasebenza kuphela ezikoleni lapho abagibeli bamahhashi bengavamile ukushintsha, kungenjalo isilwane siyovele senqaba ukulalela futhi siyokwehlisa umgibeli.

Izinhlobo ezifana ne-Andalusian, i-Trakehner, i-Karachai, i-Tinker, i-Friesian, ne-Orlov trotter nazo zifanelekile ukugibela.

Izimo zokuboshwa nokukhathazeka

Ukuze ube nomuzwa okhululekile nesimo esihle sezilwane, umnikazi udinga ukuwuhlanza nsuku zonke, ukuqapha isimo sezinselo namazinyo.

Aba "abasizi" abakhulu kuleli bhizinisi kuzoba:

• ibhulashi;
• indwangu encane;
• inhlanganisela;
• ihogo lesikhumba;
• umkhwenyana.

Usuku lwehhashi kufanele luqale njalo ngezinqubo zokuhlanzeka, kusula amehlo namazinyo ngendwangu encane, indwangu ehlanzekile, nokuhlunga izinwele ngebhashishi elithambile. Ngaphambi kokuba ugibele ihhashi lakho, qiniseka ukuthi uqhube umsila nomsila, ususe izinhlayiya zesikhumba ezifile kanye nosizi olomile kusuka kwengubo. Ngezinsuku zasehlobo ezishisayo kuwusizo ukugeza ihhashi ezinqolobaneni ezincane ngezansi futhi ezinde kakhulu. Ukujwayelekile kwalesi senzo izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-10-15 yokuba khona emanzini, ungathatha isilwane ogwini bese uyibamba ngomusa eceleni kolwandle uze uboya ubomile.

Ukuhlanza ukuhlanza kuhilela izenzo ezilandelayo:

1. Cindezela umlenze wehhashi eceleni kwethethoni (kancane ngaphezu kwamadolo) bese uyiphonsa.
2. Ukubamba inselo ngesandla esisodwa, ngesandla sesibili, ususe yonke imfucumfucu ehlanganisiwe (ukuze kube lula, i-hook ekhethekile isetshenziswa).
3. Hamba kancane kancane inselo ehlambulukile.
4. Hlanza ezinye izinhlanzi ngendlela efanayo.

Akunakwenzeka ukubhekana nehhashi ukuhogela, ngoba uma ungabala ubukhulu bezipikili, isilwane singathola umonakalo omkhulu, ngezinye izikhathi asihambisani nokuphila. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kungcono ukubeka lolu daba kubachwepheshe.

Kubalulekile! Umthamo wesondlo uncike emithwalweni yesilwane nesigaba sokukhula kwawo. Ngakho-ke, abantu abasha nabasebenza kanzima bazodinga ukudla okunomsoco okwedlula amahhashi avuthiwe asetshenziselwa ukugibela okungajwayelekile.

Ukudla ukudla

Ukudla okunempilo kungenye yezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuphila kahle nokusebenza okusezingeni kwehhashi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini ongayidla nokuthi yikuphi okungakanani. Isilinganiso esilinganiselwe somuntu omdala oyedwa (ngokuntuleka kwesitshalo esisha) sibonakala kanje: Ama-foal ama-foal nabantu ngabanye abenza imisebenzi enzima, ukubuyekezwa kwansuku nsuku zonke nokwandisa inani lemikhiqizo ekhishwe: indaba eyomile yi-2-3 kg noma 4-6 kg, ngokulandelana. Into esemqoka ukugcina izilwane zimelele futhi zingabi nesisindo. Kuwusizo ukwengeza ama-oats, i-bran, ummbila, isidlo se-soya kanye ne-monocalcium phosphate kwimenyu yamahhashi amancane.

Ngendlela efanele yokukhethwa, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokuhlelwa kwemibandela yokugcinwa kwamahhashi aseBashkir kuzoba ngabasizi abahle kakhulu ezindabeni zezolimo.