zu.pastureone.com
Bow

Indlela yokutshala nokukhula anyanisi "Golden Semko"

I-hybrid yokuqala evuthiwe "i-Golden Semko F1" ihlukile emaqenjini amakhulu ajikelezayo okuvuthwa kusuka kumbewu unyaka owodwa. Ukwakheka kwesisindo sabo esithengiswayo sanele izinsuku eziyi-80. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yonke imifino inesayizi ofanayo kanye nesimo esivamile esilinganisweni esingaba ngu-100 g. Izinhlobonhlobo zadalwa abakhiqizi basekhaya. Abantu abaningi babiza izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko isivuno esikhulu nokukhuthazela ezindaweni ezikhulayo. Sizokutshela ngezici zokuhlwanyela lokhu anyanisi okuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko.

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

"I-Golden Semko" ihluke kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo ngokuhluma okuqinile, ukuvuthwa okuhle nokugcina ikhwalithi. Ngaphandle, ama-bulb ayo ayenziwa entanyeni encane, ama-2-3 aphansi e-scale eyisikali esomile futhi ahlanzekile amhlophe ngaphakathi ngendwangu ebukhali, eqondile.

Uyazi? Ngesikhathi sikaHippocrates no-Avicenna, anyanisi babhekwa iziguli njengendlela yokwelapha i-gout, i-rheumatism nokukhuluphala.
I-hybrid ezindaweni eziseningizimu iyalinywa njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke, futhi ezindaweni ezihamba phambili ngesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, i-turnips ikhula ehlwanyelwe imbewu kusukela ngonyaka wesibili. Abalimi bezitshalo baqaphela ukuthi kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela kwamahlumela kuze kube khona ukulala kwamahlamvu kuthatha ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-anyanisi ikhula ngo-99%.

Kungakhathaliseki isimo sezulu, kusukela emitha ngayinye yombhede ungabutha ngaphezu kuka-5 kg ​​wezitshalo. Kulezi zihlukahlukene kudlula abaningi kubangane bakhe.

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivumelanisa kahle nemhlabathi ehlukene kanye nemimoya, iyaphendula kakhulu ekutheni ukuphefumula okunomusa futhi ayinandaba nezifo ezihlukahlukene nezinambuzane. Phakathi nesitoreji kuze kube sekuqaleni konyaka ka-spring, akukho okungaphezulu kuka-5% we-turnips eqoqweyo engaphansi kokulimala.

Isici esiyingqayizivele sezinhlobonhlobo yinkanyezi yayo encane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi "i-Golden Semko" ayifanele ukutshala amahlathi, futhi lokhu kuyingozi.

Izimpawu ze-anyanisi nokukhiqiza

Izindleko zembewu anyanisi "Golden Semko" ziphakeme kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo. Lokhu kungenxa nje kokukhuthazela nokuvunwa kwe-hybrid. Eqinisweni, kunenzuzo yokukhula yisithombo. Khona-ke okusanhlamvu ngamunye kunikeza inzuzo enkulu.

Uyazi? Ama-bulb nezinhloko ze-garlic zitholakala emiphakameni yaseGibhithe. Lezi zitshalo zanikezwa kumafiriya abashonile ukuze bajabulise unkulunkulukazi u-Isis. Ngalezo zinsuku, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi abantu abavamile babengavunyelwe ukusebenzisa lezi zipho zikaNkulunkulu zemvelo.
Abalimi abaningi benza ukuhlwanyela kwasebusika ukuze bathole amahlumela anobungane entwasahlobo. Khona-ke ukuvuna kuyoba sekuphambene nokujwayelekile nokuningi. Abesifazana abanolwazi bayeluleka ngenhloso yokuhlwanyela izinto zokutshala okungaphezulu kwezingu-10%, ngoba akuzona zonke izitshalo ezizokhula ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.

Qaphela ukuthi imbewu ye-subwinter nayo inenzuzo ngoba ama-bulbs agcwele ngokugcwele maphakathi no-Julayi. Ngakho-ke, ukuvunwa kungaqaliswa ngaphandle kokulindela izinhlobo zakudala ukufinyelela indawo. Futhi, i- "Golden Semko" ingakhula kusuka ku-sevka. Lona ukhetho lwesibili ukuthola ama-bulb angaphambilini.

Ngokwesilinganiso, lezi ezihlukahlukene zasekhaya zikhula ezinsukwini ezingu-80-90 ngemva kokutshala. Kodwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu isivuno sizofika ngokushesha kunabanye abasenyakatho. Kodwa izinga layo lizofana ncamashi futhi lixhomeke kuphela ekunakekeleni.

Uma ukhetha umbhede enhlabathini evundile enhle futhi uyinikeze umswakama okwanele, lesi sitshalo sizokubonga ngesivuno esiphezulu. Ngokusho balimi asebevele basebenzelana ne-Golden Semko, ngisho nasezimo ezimbi, i-anyanisi ikhiqiza okungenani 3.5 kg izithelo ngesilinganiso semitha. Uma uhambisana nezimfuneko ze-agrotechnical zokukhulisa isitshalo, le nkhomba ingakhula ibe yi-5 kg.

Uyazi? Anyanisi yiwo imifino evame kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngokusho kwe-UN, isiko sakhula emazweni angaphezu kuka-175, okuyizikhathi eziphakeme izikhathi ezintathu eziphezulu kunomnikazi werekhodi lomhlaba wesitshalo - ukolweni.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokutshala

Ukuphumelela kokutshala u-anyanisi, kanye nezinye izitshalo nezitshalo, ku-50% kuxhomeke ekukhetheni kokutshala izinto. Kulesi simo, i-hybrid ingasuswa ngokuhlwanyela imbewu noma ukutshala izithombo. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi iyiphi i-Golden Semko enhle yokutshala.

Imbewu

Uma ukhetha indlela yokutshala imifino, ngalezi zinhloso, khetha kuphela imbewu yonyaka odlule. Ukuze uhlole ikhwalithi yabo, kufanele uqale ukhethe cishe kweshumi nambili bese uhluma ngendwangu emanzi. Uma amahlumela avela kubo, qiniseka ukuthi ubala inani lezinhlobo ezihlwanyelwe. Izinto zokutshala kufanelekile ukutshala uma le nombolo ingaphansi kwezingu-7.

Qiniseka ukuthi uyakwazisa ukubukeka kwenzalo. Kumele kube mnyama. Kodwa kunezimo ezigcina imikhiqizo eye yathola ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokuzivikela zihlukaniswa ngamagobolondo amaningi. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kubonakala ngekhwalithi engcono.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izici zezinhlobonhlobo ze-anyanisi "Stuttgart Riesen", "Exibischen", "Hercules", "Bamberger", "Sturon", "I-Red Baron", "Corrado", "Shetana", "Carmen", "Centurion", "Setton" ".

Sevok

Lapho ukhetha ukutshala ama-bulb, khetha izibonelo ezilingana no-10 kuya ku-30 ​​mm. Kufanele zivezwe ngu:

  • isakhiwo esinamandla;
  • ukungabi namathanga okubeka, amahlombe kanye nezicubu ezithambile;
  • ubuso obushelelezi;
  • iphunga elithile elithile lomuntu (akumukeleki ukuthi iphunga lokubola, isikhutha noma umdanso ovela emthini wokutshala);
  • ukutholakala kwe-rustling, okukhombisa ukuma okuhle kweSevka;
  • umbala ofanelwe;
  • ubuqotho be-husk (kuso akufanele kube khona izibonakaliso zomsebenzi obalulekile wamagundane, ama-spoilage nezinambuzane).

Sevok hhayi ukuthenga ngempela. Kungalungiswa ngempumelelo ekhaya. Kule nqubo, izimo ezifanele zokushisa zokugcina kanye nokumiswa okuhle kwama-bulb kubalulekile.

Kubalulekile! Cabanga ukuthi ukuthintwa okunye kokunye okutshalayo kubangela ukuhluma kwayo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungathinti i-sevok kuze kufike entwasahlobo.

Izimo ezikhulayo

Ukuze kukhule kahle, i-hybrid idinga ukufudumala, umswakama olinganiselayo nokukhanya okwanele. Amasiko angamelana nokushisa kwamaqanda, kodwa uma lesi sikhathi sihudula isikhathi eside, futhi i-thermometer yehla ngezansi kwezingu-6, i-turnips izolahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo.

Phakathi nenkathi yokukhula, imifino ibucayi kakhulu ekungeneni kwamanzi emhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuphuza insimu phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala zokuvuthwa anyanisi njengoba kumile. Kunconywa ukuyeka ukugwedla izinsuku ezingu-30 ngaphambi kokuvuna.

Kuhle kakhulu ukuthi isiko lihlale likhulula futhi lisusa isayithi. Phela, indawo yokhula iyingozi kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni i-hybrid, ikakhulukazi ezinkathini zokuqala zonyaka okhulayo.

Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu kokukhula kwe "Golden Semko" kuyi-12 ... +16 degrees Celsius. Inqubo yokuhluma kwama-bulbs nezinhlamvu ziqala ngo-4 ... +5 ° С.

Isici esivela kuzo zonke izinhlobonhlobo ze anyanisi yizidingo ezengeziwe ezimweni zokukhanyisa. Qaphela ukuthi kulokhu, isiko sasingenasisekelo kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemifino yempande kanye neklabishi.

Kubalulekile! Ngokuba u-anyanisi, umakhelwane wezinyosi, utamatisi, ulethisi, zonke izinhlobo zeklabishi, izaqathe kanye ne-chicory zihle kakhulu..

Umhlabathi nomanyolo

Uma ivundile kakhulu inhlabathi yilapho, i-turnii e-opiyipi ozoyiqoqa kusukela engadini. Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa kwendawo yokufika kuyo, thatha ngokubaluleka okukhulu. U-anyanisi uthanda ama-substrates angathathi hlangothi futhi ayencane. Kungcono ukhethe izindawo eziphakeme zalesi siko, ukugwema izindawo eziphansi ezibandayo nezindawo ezinezinhlabathi ezinzima kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, imifino ngeke ikwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele, ngomphumela wokuthi uthola isivuno esibi.

Ochwepheshe bacebisa ukwephula imibhede ngaphansi komnsalo, ukugcina imithetho eyisisekelo yokujikeleza kwezitshalo. Ngalokhu engqondweni, "i-Golden Semko" izohamba kahle emva kokukhula kwamakhukhamba ekhukhamba kanye nomquba omanyolo.

Kanti futhi abesimame abanamakhono kulo masiko bakhetha indawo ngaphansi kwelanga, i-zucchini, utamatisi kanye neklabishi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuvuthwa kwabangaphambili. Kubalulekile ukuthi bakhululwe isayithi ngomsebenzi wokulungiselela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

I-anyanisi ejwayele inesihlobo eziningi - i-allium, i-shallot, i-leek, i-multi-tiered, i-shnitt, i-batun, i-slyzun.
Akukhuthazwa ukutshala i-hybrid embhedeni owodwa, lapho unyaka odlule anyanisi nogalikhi bekhula khona. Lokhu kubi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-turnips.

Ithebula lokujikeleza kwezitshalo zemifino

Ukuze ukhethe indawo efanele, landela labagadi balimi:

  1. Gwema izinsimbi ezinamandla zobumba, ukhetha ukukhanya, izindawo ezivulekile nezivundile. Okuhle kakhulu yi-humus loams nenhlabathi ye-humus-sandy.
  2. Njengama-precursors, khetha izitshalo zokuvuthwa zakuqala, ukutshala okuhlinzekwa umquba owenziwe ngobuningi.
  3. Ungalokothi ungeze umquba omusha embhedeni we-anyanisi. Esimweni esinjalo, ama-bulbs ngeke abe nesikhathi sokuvuthwa futhi azovezwa engozini yokutheleleka njalo ngezifo ezithintekayo, ikakhulukazi ngoba lena yindlela enhle yokusakaza ukhula ensimini.
  4. Gcwalisa indawo ekhethiwe ngejantshi kanye ne-humus ngesilinganiso sama-kilogram angu-2-3 ngomitha wombhede wesikwele. Futhi ekwindla ukumba i-turnips yesikhathi esizayo ngeke kuphazamise umanyolo wamaminerali: 30 g / sq. m of superphosphate, 10 g / sq. m of ammonium nitrate, 15 g / sq. m i-potassium usawoti, 15 g / sq. m izinkuni ash.
  5. Cabangela indawo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ukuze induduzo yomnsalo, akufanele ibe sisondele kunamitha ayisithupha phansi.
Kubalulekile! Emthunzini we-bulb uyobe ekhubazekile, encane futhi anikeze imicibisholo eminingi.
Isihluthulelo sokuvuna okuhle ukucubungula okwesikhashana kwendawo ekhethiwe. Leli bhizinisi kufanele libhekiswe ngokushesha lapho umhlaba ungakhululekile ezitshalweni ezandulele.

Okokuqala udinga ukukhipha i-substrate ekujuleni kwamasentimitha angu-5-6. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-14, lapho amahlumela enokhula evela esiqhingini, beka i-superphosphate bese bemba insimu e-bayonet. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlinzekela eceleni komkhawulo wamathanga wesayithi ukukhishwa kwamanzi aqhakazile.

Entwasahlobo, lapho isikhathi senkambu nasensimu isebenza, ngokufanayo sebenzisa ama-humus namaminerali amaminerali kusayithi. Bamba futhi bese uqhubekele enhlanganweni yezindawo.

Funda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zenhlabathi ezikhona, indlela yokutshala kahle inhlabathi kuye ngokuthi uhlobo luni, kanjani ukuthola izinga le-acidity yenhlabathi, indlela yokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemifuno ephilayo.

Ukukhula kusuka imbewu kuya izithombo ekhaya

Ukulungiselela izithombo ze-anyanisi kumele kube yingxenye yesonto eledlule. Ngempela, eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili ka-Ephreli, izithombo zidinga ukuba zitshalwe embhedeni wensimu. Cabanga ngale nqubo ngezigaba.

Ukulungiselela imbewu

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imbewu ihluma kahle, inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala, khetha izinhlamvu eziyi-10 zokuhlola. Bayihlanganise nge-gauze, i-napkin noma indwangu yamanzi bese ubamba cishe izinsuku ezingu-14.

Kubalulekile ukuthi kuyo yonke inkathi i-nymph isendaweni emswakama. Khona-ke, lapho kuvela amahlumela, hlola imiphumela. Imbewu engafanele ukuhlwanyela ingama-germs ama-3-5 uma uhlola amanani.

Uyazi? Isazi esaziwa emlandweni wokupheka, kanye nomlobi wencwadi ethandwayo ethi "Gourmets of the Silk Road" - uLaura Kelly, ekhuluma ngokuhlaziywa kwezakhi zo-anyanisi, uthi i-vegetable ivela e-Asia Ephakathi. Ngokusho kwakhe, wasakaza kabanzi phakathi nenkathi yaseMesopotamiya. Kukhona nolwazi oluvela ku-Age Bronze ekusebenziseni anyanisi eYurophu.

Kanti futhi kulesi sigaba kungukunakekelwa kokungcoliswa kwembewu. Kuze kube sekugcineni, balimi ngamaminithi angu-15, bagqoke isikhwama sempahla emanzini ashisayo, bese bebeka umzuzu emanzini abandayo. Ngemuva kwalendlela, abamnyama kufanele balele esikhwameni esifanayo (kufanele kusetshenziswe ngezikhathi ezithile) okungenani amahora angu-24 ekamelweni lokushisa.

Abanye abesifazana bayeluleka ukuthi baguqule imbewu amahora angu-18 emanzini avamile, futhi emva kwalokho bawenze ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhluma, ukuvuselela ukukhula kungasetshenziswa ("Kornevin", "Emistim", "Ecosil").

Okuqukethwe nendawo

Inzuzo yendlela yokwenza imbewu ukugcina impahla yokutshala, kanye nokwandisa inkathi ekhulayo yesitshalo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izithombo zokugcina nezithombo zokugcina zokuhlwanyela ukuhlwanyela i-Chernushka, kodwa uma ngabe lezo zimo zingatholakali, umbhede wesikhashana ungahle uhlelwe ku-sill window ekhanyisiwe.

Kule nguqulo yokugcina, udinga ukuthola ibhokisi lezinkuni kanye ne-substrate ekhethekile kusengaphambili, okulungiselelwe ngendlela efanayo nangamatamatisi.

Uyazi? Ebalazweni lomhlaba, iNdiya neChina ziyiziqondiso zokukhiqiza anyanisi. Ngokuvamile, lawa mazwe enza i-half of the annual harvest eqoqwe emhlabeni wonke, ofinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-70. Ngendlela, ama-10% kuphela emifino ayithunyelwa ngaphandle, okunye kuphelile ezingeni lendawo.

Inqubo yokutshala imbewu

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ye-anyanisi kuqala ngokuphawula imibhede. Kuze kube sekugcineni, endaweni yokushisa noma emgodini onomhlabathi, imifula enamanzi angaba ngaphezu kuka-2 cm kufanele yenziwe. Phindela emuva u-10 cm ukusuka enqenqemeni, futhi kwanele ukushiya u-5 cm phakathi kwemigqa.

Bese uqhubeka nokutshala imbewu, uphinde ubalekele komunye nomunye uhhafu ngamentimitha. "I-Golden Semko" ayithandi i-zaguscheny, ngakho-ke i-rationally ichitha i-chernushku. Ekuphetheni, ungakhohlwa ukucubungula inhlabathi bese uwuthululela. Futhi ukuze kuphuthumise ukuvela kwezithombo, ubophe ibhokisi ngefilimu yepulasitiki bese ubeka endaweni efudumele yokuhluma.

Buka umbhede wakho wensimu. Uma izingodo ezincane ze-cotyledon zivela kuso, konke kwenziwe ngendlela efanele. Kodwa uma kunezimpande ebusweni, susa lezo zinhlobo bese uhlwanyela kabusha inhlabathi.

Thola ukuthi ukuhlwanyela izithombo zani anyanisi.

Ukunakekelwa kwesithombo

Ekuqaleni, ibhokisi elihlwanyelwe anyanisi kumele lifakwe ekamelweni lapho izinga lokushisa lingekho ngaphansi kwama-degree angu-25. Khona-ke, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele amahlumela okuqala, amandla adluliselwa izinsuku ezingu-3-4 endaweni epholile, ehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-10-12 degrees Celsius. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izibani ze-fluorescent zizofaneleka kakhulu, zikhulise usuku losiko nokwanda okukhulayo.

Ngokufika kwamahlumela enobungane kuzodingeka baqale ukuncipha kwabo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ibanga lika 1.5-2 cm ligcinwe phakathi kwezitshalo ezingomakhelwane. Ngosuku lweshumi nambili, i-anyanisi izokhipha amaqabunga kuqala.

Uyazi? Umholi wezwe ekusetshenzisweni anyanisi yiLibya. Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva ye-UN, ngo-2017 wonke isakhamuzi esivela kuleli zwe adla ama-kilogram angu-34 anyanisi.
Manje kubalulekile ukuthi umlimi wensimu anakekele ukuchelela njalo izithombo, ukukhulula inhlabathi nokuqinisa izithombo. Kulokhu, udinga ukugxila esimweni sombhede. Ungawusondeli, ngoba umswakama owedlulele uzolimaza isivuno semifino. Kunconywa ukukhipha izitshalo okungenani kanye ngesonto ngamanzi afudumele, azinzile.

Ngomusa udonsa ukhula. Uma ithulisa ukukhula kwe-anyanisi noma ngenxa yesizathu esithile ayiqhubeki kahle, ngokushesha uthele isiko ngesisombululo se-urea (3 g ngalinye 1 l amanzi).

Futhi uthathe isikhathi esanele sokulungisa "i-Golden Semko" ukuze uhambe endaweni ehlala njalo. Kuze kube sekugcineni, esimweni sezulu esishisa kakhulu, vula isitsha nge izithombo emoyeni omusha. Ezimweni zendlu yokuhlala, iwindi evulekile noma i-balcony iphelele. Izinsuku zokuqala zesitshalo azikwazi ukushiywa emgwaqweni isikhathi eside. Lokhu kwenziwa kancane kancane, kuqala ngeminithi engu-15 "ukuhamba".

Ividiyo: indlela yokukhulisa anyanisi kusuka enzalweni

Ukutshala izithombo phansi

Engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli, izithombo ze-anyanisi zingafakwa endaweni evulekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinsuku ezingu-50 zidlule kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa kweChernushka, futhi amaqabunga ama-3-4 akhiwa emahlumela.

Okubaluleke ngokukhethekile yisikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha. Ngokushisa ngokweqile, i-anyanisi izodubula, ngakho ungabambezeli ukuthuthwa kwezithombo ensimini. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngokushesha nje lapho umhlaba uvuselela isimo sezulu esifudumele nesimo esifudumele emgwaqweni. Ungakhohlwa amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuqina kwe-Golden Semko kuqala.

Ungakhula u-anyanisi ngezindlela ezahlukene, thola ukuthi ungayenza kanjani ngendlela yaseChina.

Endaweni ekhethiwe yensimu, ulinganise umhlabathi kuqala, wenze imifudlana ibe ngamasentimitha angu-5 ejulile, ubalekele komunye nomunye ngo-20-30 amasentimitha. Bese unikeza amanzi ngokukhululekile imigqa kanye nezithombo. Manje ungaqhubeka ukuyihlunga. Qiniseka ukuthi wenqabe izibonelo ezibuthakathaka, ezimele futhi ezingekho kahle.

Abanye balimi bayelulekwa ukuba banqume izimpaphe anyanisi kanye nezimpande ngeyesithathu. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kunciphise ukukhuphuka komswakama. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha isithombo ngasinye esikhishwe ebhokisini kumele sinyathelwe ezinxenyeni zenhlanganisela ye-mullein nobumba.

Isitshalo sokutshala izithombo sikhombisa ibanga lika 8-12 cm phakathi kwezitshalo ezizungezile, kanye nokujula kwabo okungaphezulu kwe-1 cm kusuka kokutshala okudlule.

Emva kwalokhu kuqhutshwa, imifula ingagcwaliswa ne-substrate futhi ihlanganiswe kancane. Ngolunye usuku olulandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi uthele isisombululo se-hybrid of humate. Kuzosiza izithombo ukuba zithole izimpande ngokushesha futhi zingenabuhlungu.Esikhathini sokugcina, qiniseka ukuthi uphuthukisa umbhede nge-peat.

Kubalulekile! Ama-bulb angapheli kufanele adliwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba awafanelekile ukugcina isikhathi eside. Kungcono ukuwabeka ekuthungeni kwebusika.

Ukulima okuvela e-sevka emhlabathini ovulekile

Abalimi abaningi bacabangela indlela ye-rassadny engaqondakali futhi enzima futhi isitshalo anyanisi seeding ngokushesha embhedeni engadini. Kodwa ngenkathi yokutshala bese kunezinhlayiya eziningi, ukungazi okuholela ekuvuneni nasezifo ezimbi zemikhiqizo yemifino. Asiqonde konke ngokuhlelekile.

Ukukhethwa kweSayithi nokulungiselelwa kwenhlabathi

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-anyanisi zezinhlobonhlobo ze "Golden Semko" zihle kakhulu ekutshalweni emasimini nasendlini yokushisa. Ihlukaniswa ukungahloniphi kwayo nokuvunwa okuqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiko asidingi izimo ezithile zokukhula. Le ndlela yokutshala u-anyanisi ihlukaniswe ngokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kokutshala izinto, izindleko zazo eziphindwe izikhathi ezingu-4 kunezingxenye ze-chernushki.

Njengoba kutshalwa ukushisa, i-hybrid izovuthwa ngokushesha, kodwa ezimweni ezinjalo iyodinga ukukhanya okungeziwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le nketho ixazulula inkinga yokuvikela u-anyanisi abasha kusuka emahlathini asebusuku. Ngalokhu, emibhedeni evulekile kuyadingeka ukufaka izakhiwo zesikhashana zensimbi ze-metal arcuate ne-polyethylene.

Zijwayeze ngobuchwepheshe bokutshala ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, ukutshala kwentwasahlobo, ukutshala kwe-anyanisi ekwindla.

Noma kunjalo, lapho ukhetha isihlalo se-turnips, udinga ukucabangela:

  • izinga lokukhanyisa;
  • izinga lokuswakama emhlabathini;
  • amathuba okuthungwa ngamasiko noma izakhiwo ezizungezile, kanye nokukhukhula ngamanzi emvula;
  • acidity kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-substrate.

I-Semko ye-Golden, indawo ephakeme eningizimu-mpumalanga inhle kakhulu. Kungcono ukukhetha lezo zindawo lapho iqhwa lokuqala liwela khona futhi azikho ama-puddles emthonjeni.

Kubalulekile! Akuyona into ephakanyiswayo ngokuyinhloko ukuletha udaba olusha oluhlaza uma u-anyanisi uphahla. Ezweni elinjalo, lesi sitshalo sibheke ekubola nasekufeni. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufaka umanyolo ingaba yimifino yamaminerali nezindayo.

Ukulungiselela imbewu

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imvelaphi ye-seeding, ngaphambi kokutshala, kufanele ihlelwe ngaphandle, ilahle wonke anyanisi abonakalisiwe nabomvu. Ubuningi obusele buhlelwa. Abesifazana abanolwazi bayeluleka ukukhetha:

  • ama-specimens amancane anesisindo esingama-5-8 mm;
  • medium - nge ububanzi 8 kuya 18 mm;
  • ezinkulu - ngobubanzi obufinyelela ku-25 mm.
Le nqubo ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba ingxenyana ngayinye idinga ukunakekelwa okuhlukile, okuzophazamisa impilo yezithombo, ngakho kufanele itshalwe ngokuhlukana.

Ukwandisa isivuno, izazi zeluleka izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala ukuze zomise izinto ezihlanjululwayo ekushiseni kwama-35 ... +40 degrees. Futhi nje ngaphambi kokutshala i-turnips, kufanele uhlalise imizuzu engu-20 kwisisombululo esisodwa sephesenti se-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphandle kwalokho musa ukusika intamo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ususa ihlumela elincane, elizovimbela izimila ezigcwele zesitshalo.

Inqubo yokutshala sevka emhlabathini

Ngaphambi kokutshala, qiniseka ukuthi ukhulula umbhede uphinde uwuhlanza ukhula. Ngemuva kwaloko, cindezela phansi bese wenza ama-furrows kuya ku-5 cm ejulile. Shiya phakathi kwemigqa ephakathi kuka-20-25 cm.

Kubalulekile! I-Sevok, eyakwazi ukukhulula imicibisholo ngesikhathi sokugcina, ayikwazi ukutshala ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sitshalo sizoqondisa yonke imithombo engeyona ekwakheni i-turnips, kodwa esikhathini esizayo..
Ukutshala izidingo ze-sevok ebangeni elingu-10-15 cm komunye nomunye. Cabanga, ama-bulbs ajulile kakhulu ekukhuleni azobe esedlulele ngokweqile. Ukufika okungenasisekelo komhlaba kuzobangela ukuguqulwa kwe-turnips. Ngenxa yalokho, uthola isivuno esibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe banelungelo lokulandela ngokuqinile uhlelo lokutshala u-anyanisi.

Lapho yonke i-sevok itshalwe, gcwalisa izimpande ngenhlabathi futhi ubeke kancane. Kusukela phezulu, uhambe ngokucophelela embhedeni we-rake, ulinganise phezulu.

Abalimi abanolwazi bayalulekwa ukuba bahlele u-anyanisi ukutshala ezindaweni ezomile ezomile, mhlawumbe ntambama. Ngendlela, i-sevok ingahlwanyelwa kokubili entwasahlobo (eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaMeyi), futhi ekwindla (ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba).

Funda ukuthi yimiphi imithetho yokunisela anyanisi ensimini, ukuthi yini okumelwe uyenze ngomcibisholo we-anyanisi, kunokuthi uhlanganise anyanisi.

Ukunisela

Ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zokukhula, i-hybrid kumele ivame kakhulu ukugcoba. Kodwa kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zezulu nesimo sezulu. Umsebenzi wokwakheka kobukhulu obuhlaza kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhanda elimnyama kuncike ekutheni umswakama otholiwe.

Esikhathini isomiso, ukuchelela kufanele kube njalo, futhi kumozulu sezulu - yimise. Kubalulekile ukungavumeli umhlabathi umeze umbhede. Uma kungenjalo, fika i-turnips engapheli. Ukuze ucebile, plan ukuchelela okungenani kanye ngesonto. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sebenzisa amanzi kuphela afudumele afudumele.

Ngokulima okuluhlaza, "i-Golden Semko" ingahlonyelwa ukuchelela. Khumbula ukuthi umswakama ngokweqile, kanye nokuntuleka kwawo, kuzothinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwemifino.

Kubalulekile! Khumbula ukuthi umhlabathi lapho u-anyanisi otshala (kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla) kufanele uthuthuke okungenani amazinga angu-12. Uma kungenjalo, esikhundleni sokuvuna okunomthelela, isitshalo sinikeza imicibisholo eminyene.

Umhlaba ukhulula futhi ukhula

Noma yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo ze-anyanisi zokukhethwa ezifuywayo nasezizweni ezingaphandle ukubekezelela ukhula endaweni. Uma ungayinaki le mfuneko, khona-ke esikhundleni se-turnips enamanzi ahlanganisiwe we "i-Golden Semko" uzothola isivuno esincane nokuthengwa kwempahla embi nokunambitha. Ngakho-ke, ungabi nobuvila ukukhulula njalo inhlabathi kanye nezitshalo zemifino enokhula. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngezinga elidingekayo, kuye ngokuthi izinga lokungcola kwensimu yakho.

Isibonelo, uma umquba omusha uhlakazeka kuwo ekwindla, izitshalo ezinokhula ziyoba isivakashi esivame kakhulu phakathi nonyaka. Uma umbhede uhlanzekile, ngeke uphazamise isisindo ngokukhululeka ukukhulula ama-aisles, okuzokwenza ngcono i-aeration yezimpande futhi iyoba nethonya elizuzayo ekuthuthukiseni i-turnips.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

I-hybrid inomthelela kakhulu ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi, ngakho bukela isimo sesitshalo. Uma ikhula kabi futhi ibukeka ingapheli, ukuvuselelwa ngokushesha kuyadingeka, okwenziwa ngokusebenzisa isisombululo se-urea (30 g ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi).

Futhi akuphazamisi ukuchelela okusekelwe kumanyolo eziphilayo. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, ama-drolein noma ama-droppings enkukhu aphelele (ngesilinganiso seglasi lokungenisa ngamabhakede ngamabhakede ngamanzi). Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kusetshenziswe ngomusa esiqhingini, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngama-bulbs aphelile. Okungenani ama-3 amalitha omsoco kufanele asetshenziswe kumitha ngayinye yesikwele.

Kubalulekile! Emasontweni okuqala, izithombo ezincane ze-anyanisi kumele zivikelwe elangeni eliqondile. Kule ndawo yokuhlala enhle ye-polyethylene. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ngokuhamba ngegazi njalo, kungenjalo isitshalo siyobekwa ngophutha we-powdery.
Gcwalisa umbhede we-anyanisi izikhathi ezintathu ngesikhathi sokukhula. Inqubo yokuqala yenziwa ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ukwindla kwendawo yokuhlwanyela esikhathini esizayo. Okwesibili - entwasahlobo, nasemasontweni amathathu kuya kwamabili emva kokufika kwesethi. Uma kunesidingo, ungaphinda ukugqoka, lapho i-turnips ifinyelela ubukhulu be-walnut.

Ividiyo: indlela yokudla anyanisi

Izinambuzane, izifo nokuvimbela

Naphezu kokunambitheka okunambitheka kwe-anyanisi, wayengozini yokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane eziningi eziyingozi, kanye namagciwane we-pathogenic, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuphatha imithwalo eluhlaza ngekhambi le-copper sulphate ngezinhloso zokuvimbela (1 ithispoonful of the substance is dissolved in ibhakede lamanzi). Abalimi abaningi bayelulekwa ukuba bengeze insipho ethile yamanzi kusuka ensikeni yokuhlanza. Ukuvumelana okunjalo kuzobambezela ukubunjwa okunobuthi emaqabunga isikhathi eside futhi ngeke kuvumele ukuthi idle ngokushesha.

Izimo ze-anyanisi zithonya kakhulu izimo zezulu, ezingenakulawulwa, ngakho funda ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuvimbela nokwelapha anyanisi ngezifo nezinambuzane.

Kuzo zonke izinambuzane ezihlala ensimini, ukwesaba kwe-Golden Semko:

  • i-covertly;
  • amacimbi;
  • i-moth;
  • izimpukane (ihlumela ne-anyanisi);
  • Medvedka;
  • ukuhamba (ingadi, ubusika kanye iklabishi);
  • i-thrips kagwayi.
Ekulweni nalezi zinambuzane noma yiziphi izinambuzane eziphumelelayo. Abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka: "Aktellik", "Aktar", "Bitoxibacillin", "Gomelin".

Ividiyo: izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezimpukane ze-anyanisi

Okunye okubalulekile ukumba ngokujulile kwenhlabathi ekwindla, ukuphuluza okwesikhashana nokukhipha imibhede. Ngempela, izinambuzane eziningi ze-parasitic ziyizihlobo ezithembekile zokhula.

Uyazi? ESenegal, isidlo saseJassa, esinezimila, inyama kanye anyanisi, sithandwa kakhulu. Kodwa empeleni - u-anyanisi anyanisi, ngoba lesi sithako sithatha u-90% wezingqikithi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hybrid, naphezu kokuphikisana kwezifo ezihlukahlukene, endaweni engafaneleki ingase ifakwe ekutheleleni:

  • I-Fusarium;
  • isikhumba se-powdery;
  • i-peronospora;
  • smut;
  • ukugqwala;
  • i-mosaic;
  • i-jaundice;
  • izifo ezifakwe ku-putrid (umlomo wesibeletho, ompunga nomhlophe).

Khumbula ukuthi izinhlamvu ze-fungal, amagciwane, kanye nama-pathogenic microbes zivela enhlabathini e-acidic, ngakho-ke lawula izinga le-pH yokusabela engadini yakho futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukulinganisa ngokulingana.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ama-bulb nezifo ezilimalayo noma ezilimazayo zingangeni emhlabathini, ngenhloso yalokhu, ukhethe ngokucophelela, ukuze ungaguquki indawo yonke. Uma kunesidingo sezinyathelo zokwelapha, fafaza ukutshala ngezimiso zokwelapha: "Alette", "Teldor", "Maxim", "Skor", "Infinito", "Consento", "Ukuzivikela".

Emva kokuvuthwa anyanisi, izimpendulo zemibuzo elandelayo zibalulekile: lapho ukumba u-anyanisi, ukugcina u-anyanisi, ukubopha kanjani i-scythe anyanisi.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Izimpawu zokuqala zokuvuna ezizayo zikhona amaqabunga aphelile kanye nama-om. Ukudonsa imifino kungase kuqale phakathi no-Julayi. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu kusula isimo sezulu esomile, ngoba isitshalo kufanele sibeke esimweni esomile. Qinisekisa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlanza ibhasikidi ayitholi i-turnips ebolile noma eyonakele. Futhi cabanga ukuthi ngisho nezikhawu ezincane zingabangela umonakalo owengeziwe kulesi sitshalo.

Ungasheshi ukuletha imifino kwisitoreji emva kokuvuna. Okokuqala, badinga isikhathi sokuma. Ukwenza lokhu, beka u-anyanisi endaweni ekhanyisiwe bese ushiya amasonto amabili. Cabanga ngesimo sefilimu yemvula, ngoba isitshalo akumele sibe semanzi.

Kubalulekile! Qinisekisa ukuyeka ukunisela anyanisi ngenyanga ngaphambi kokuvuthwa ngokugcwele. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze i-turnip ikwazi ukuyifinyelela. Uma kungenjalo, lesi sitshalo singena esimweni sokuphumula, ngaphandle kokuqeda inqubo yokuvuthwa. Isitshalo esinjalo ngeke sisifanele ngokuphelele isitoreji sesikhathi eside..

Ngokuvamile, ezinye zezimpande namaqabunga aphelile zisuswe kusuka kuma-bul ngaphambi kokubeka. Izimo ezingazange zome ngokuphelele noma zonakaliswe yinoma yiluphi uhlobo kufanele zisetshenziswe kuqala.

"I-Golden Semko" igcinwe ngokuphelele izinyanga ezingu-7. Into esemqoka - ukukhetha izimo ezifanele zokugcina. Indawo engcono kakhulu yalezi zinhloso i-attic esezingeni eliphezulu noma igumbi lokugcina.

Kunconywa ukusakaza ama-bulb esitokisini esisodwa phansi. Futhi ezimweni ezinzima, ungasebenzisa ibhokisi noma wenze ubhontshisi we-anyanisi (kule nguqulo yokugcina, awudingi ukusika iziqongo, kodwa kufanele kube omile ngokuphelele).

Ividiyo: ukubopha umnsalo ku-bat for isitoreji esilula

Izinkinga nezincomo ezingenzeka

Ama-anyanisi akhula akuyona into ehlukile futhi ivame ukuhambisana nenani lezinkinga ezibucayi. Nansi ukukhethwa kwezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezibhekene nabasimizi bezinsikazi nabanolwazi:

  1. Ukuvuna okuncane, u-anyanisi amancane - le nkinga ivame ukugcinwa ezindaweni lapho kungekho ukujikeleza kwezitshalo ezivamile, kanti isitshalo sitshalwe enhlabathini enamandla noma enzima. Londoloza isimo singakwazi ukuxazulula izixazululo ze-superphosphate ngesikhathi esifanele, i-potassium sulfate ne-ammonium sulfate. Futhi akuphazamisi ukwethulwa kwe-lime-fluff, i-plaster endala, ufulawa wama dolomite. Ngokuya ngezinga lokuxiliswa kwenhlabathi, kuzodingeka ukuthi wengeze kusuka ku-150 kuya ku-300 g wezinto eziyimitha ngayinye.

  2. Izimpaphe ziqala ukuma ngaphambi kwesikhathi bese ziphuzi - ngokuvamile le nkinga ivela lapho isitshalo sithola umswakama ongaphansi. Ungakwazi ukuyixazulula ngokuchelela njalo. Kodwa ungapheli amandla, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo oluyisisekelo olujulile lwemifino luzoqala ukubola.

    Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimbangela ze-anyanisi ophuzi nokuqedwa kwazo.

  3. Anyanisi asinaso isikhathi sokuvuthwa kuze kufike isivuno. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isiko sihlale sinisela futhi sondliwa. Yonke le misebenzi kubalulekile ukumisa okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kokuvuna i-turnips.
  4. Amahlamvu ahlanganiswe ne-grey bloom, iba engapheli futhi engafanele - lezi zibonakaliso ezicacile ze-powdery isikhutha kanye ne-peronosporoza. Baqala ukuqhubeka lapho u-anyanisi ephuziswa ngokungalungile. Akunakwenzeka ukuba amanzi awe phezu kwesitshalo. Kudinga ukuthululwa ngaphansi kwempande emifeni, hhayi ngokufafaza.

    Lapho izitshalo ezinkulu zitshalo ziwusizo ukwazi ukucubungula anyanisi kanye anyanisi oluhlaza.

  5. Izimpaphe ezincane nezimbalwa zibonisa ukusweleka kwezinto eziqukethe i-nitrogen. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuphuza umbhede ngesisombululo senkukhu yomquba noma i-mullein.
  6. Iziqongo eziphelile noma ezibomvu zamahlamvu kubonisa ukuntuleka kwe-fluoride.
  7. Amaqabunga ahlambulukile anombala ongavamile okwesibhakabhaka - anyanisi kufanele ahlanganiswe ngokushesha nge-potash izinto.
  8. Ukubonakala kwe-fragility kumaphiko nendawo emhlophe kuyisibonakaliso sokuntuleka kwe-magnesium.
  9. Isimo sokudonsa ama-turnips asakhulayo, amaqabunga aphuzi aphuzi - i-hybrid idinga ukondliwa ngekhamera yethusi.

Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukumboza ukuhlwanyela kwama-podzimous ngamaqabunga e-spruce lapho iqhwa lokuqala lihlasela. Ngaphambilini, lokhu akunakwenziwa, ngaphandle kwalokho umnsalo uzoba vpereet. Ngentwasahlobo, lapho kufika umhlathi, indawo yokukhosela ingasuswa.

Yizo zonke izimfihlo zokulima okuphumelelayo futhi ukwandise umkhiqizo we anyanisi. Uma wenza konke ngokuvumelana nezincomo ezingenhla, ingadi yakho ayisongelwa nanoma yisiphi isifo, noma izinambuzane noma izinkinga ezibucayi. Sithemba ukuthi isihloko sethu sizosizakala ekutshaleni anyanisi kulezi zihlukahlukene.

Izihloko Interesting