Izinkomo ze-Parainfrip-3

Izilwane ezihamba nge-flu-flu-3 (PG-3 KRS) yisifo segciwane lokuphefumula esingatholakali kalula futhi sitholakale ngokunembile ngenxa yokufana kwesifo kwezinye izifo ezifanayo. Lesi sihloko sizobheka ukuthi yini eyenza lesi sifo, yiziphi izimpawu zayo, futhi ichaze indlela ephelele yokwelashwa kwayo kanye nezinyathelo zokuzivikela zokulwa nayo.

Okuqukethwe:

• Isizinda semlando
• I-Pathogen, imithombo yokutheleleka
• Izimpawu kanye nenkambo yesifo
• Cihla
• I-Subacute
• Okungapheliyo
• Izinguquko zesifo
• Ukwelashwa okuphelele
• Izindlela zokulawula jikelele
• I-Hyperimmune Serum
• Ama-antibiotics
• Ukungakhulelwe
• Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Iyini i-parafripp-3

I-Parainripp-3 (ngesiLatin I-Paragrippus bovum) yisifo esithathelwanayo, esibizwa nangokuthi imfuyo yokuthutha imfuyo. Ibonakala ngokubonakaliswa kweQatar (ukuvuvukala) kwendlela yokuphefumula engenhla, evame ukuphenduka izilonda ezinzima zamapayipi. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo sihambisana nomkhuhlane.

Isizinda semlando

Ngokokuqala ngqa, i-parainfluenza-3 yachazwa ekuqaleni kwawo-1930 e-United States, lapho ososayensi bebona indima i-Pasteurella (ama-non-spore-borne borne bacteria-bacteria) adlala ngayo emvelaphi yesifo. Kwathi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950, igciwane elifana ne-parainfluenza lomuntu lalingekho.

Cabanga zonke izici zezifo eziyinhloko zezinkomo: i-vaginitis, i-ketosis, ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, i-leukemia, i-pasteurellosis, isifo so-mastitis nesifo sezinselo.

Engxenyeni yeSoviet Union yangaphambili, lesi sifo siye sabhalwa kusukela ngo-1968. Namuhla, igciwane litholakala emhlabeni wonke emazweni anezimboni ezifuywayo zezimboni.

I-Pathogen, imithombo yokutheleleka

I-agent causative ye-parainfluenza-3 igciwane (i-RNA-containing), okuyingxenye yomndeni we-paramyxovirus. Inemiphumela emihle ye-hemaglutinating ne-hemolytic, futhi ine-antigenic nomsebenzi wokugcoba. Umndeni we-paramyxoviruses Umthombo wokutheleleka yizilwane zezilwane zegciwane. Ngokuvamile, abantu abasha bayagula ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla nokudla ngokweqile emakamelweni angenalutho. I-Parainfluenza virus igxiliwe ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• kusuka ezilwaneni ezigulayo;
• ngomoya okhishwa umoya;
• ngokusebenzisa ukukhishwa kwesisu;
• ngokukhishwa kwamanzi.

Abafundisi kumele babone izimbangela zokukhishwa emhlophe kusukela enkomeni, futhi kungani, emva kokukhalisa, inkomo ayikwazi ukuma.

Kunezici eziningi ezithintekayo ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo:

• i-hypothermia;
• ukushisa;
• ukugoma;
• ukuhamba okude;
• ukucindezeleka okuhlukahlukene;
• izimo zomzimba nokuzivikela.

I-Hypothermia cow inomthelela ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo

Izimpawu kanye nenkambo yesifo

Ngemuva kokuthi igciwane lingene ngesilwane, isikhathi sokukhushulwa siphelela amahora angu-24-30. Izimpawu ze-parainfluenza-3 zinezinto ezihlukahlukene: kusuka ku-conjunctivitis ne-rhinitis ngesimo esibucayi, lapho abantu abadala behlupheka nge-prouumous croupous ngesimo esibi - ezilwaneni ezincane. Cabangela ukubonakaliswa kwezintathu zenkinga yesifo, ehambisana nezimpawu ezahlukene:

• okubabayo
• subacute
• okungapheliyo.

Conjunctivitis, njengenye yezimpawu zeparinfluenza-3 ezinkomeni

Cihla

Ifomu elibi le-parainfluenza-3 ezinkomeni linemibonakaliso elandelayo:

Isikhumba singenye yezibonakaliso zefomu elimangalisayo lezinkomo ze-parainfluenza-3

I-Subacute

Isimo se-subacute sesifo sibonakala yizimpawu ezilandelayo:

Ukucindezeleka kwenkomo

Okungapheliyo

Izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyabonakala ngesikhathi kuguqulwa i-parainfluenza-3 kufomu elingapheliyo:

Intsha ilala phansi - ukubonakaliswa kweparinfluenza-3

Izinguquko zesifo

Phakathi nokuhlolwa kwe-pathological-anatomical, lezi zinguquko ezilandelayo zibhekwa ezidumbu zezilwane ezibulawa i-parainfluenza:

1. I-lophic apia, inhliziyo ne-diaphragmatic lobes yamaphaphu ikhulisiwe ngevolumu, ibe nombala obomvu obomvu noma obomvu kanye ne-foci ye-emphysema.
2. Ukuqoqwa kwe-pericardial ye-exudate ye-serous noma ye-serofibrinous.
3. Phezulu kwesikhalazo, i-epicardium kanye ne-pericardium yi-fibrin ehlanganiswayo.
4. I-Hyperemia ye-trachea yama-mucous ne-bronchi.
5. Ukuqoqwa kwemfucuza emfucumfucu emgqeni we-trachea ne-bronchi.
6. Kuthiwa i-rhinitis ne-laryngotracheitis.
7. Ama-lymph node, ama-lymphine, ama-lymph, ama-lymph, ama-lymph, ama-lymph, ama-lymph, ama-lymph nodes, ama-lymph node.
8. Ukudakwa komzimba omuncu emanzini okugcoba.
9. I-rennet mucosa inezinkinga, ama-hemorrhages nezilonda.
10. Ukulimaza kanye ne-edema ye-mucosa yamathumbu.

Amangwenya akhule ngevolumu

Ukwelashwa okuphelele

Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwalesi sifo kunokwenzeka kuphela kumafomu acuthakathaka kanye ne-subacute. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa izindlela eziningana.

Vumelanisa ukuthi imishini yokukhwabanisa yenza lula inqubo yokwehliswa nokwandisa inani lokukhiqizwa ubisi. Cabangela ngokuningiliziwe zonke izici zalolu hlobo kanye nezinhlobo zalo.

Izindlela zokulawula jikelele

Uma kutholakala ukuxilongwa, leli famu lihlukaniswa futhi lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo zithathwe:

1. Izilwane ezigulayo zihlukanisiwe nezinye.
2. Izinsiza, amakamelo kanye nezimoto zihlanzwa futhi zixiliswe nge-aerosol disinfection nge-3% ye-sodium hydroxide solution, i-bleach noma i-1% isisombululo se-formaldehyde (kanye njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-3-5).
3. Nikeza imfuyo nge-feed ephilile.
4. Hlanganisa imiphumela yokucindezeleka ezilwaneni ezikhulelwe nezilwane ezincane.
5. Vimbela ukulungiswa kabusha kwemfuyo epulazini, kanye nokungenisa nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle.

Ikamelo lokushisa igciwane lesilwane

I-Hyperimmune Serum

Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwamathole, ajojowe nge-serum hyperimmune equkethe antibodies ethile. Ilawulwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Ukuqeda, okuyinto ngokushesha kwandisa ingculazi.
2. Ukuphathwa kwendawo, okudala izinga lokuvikela lama-antibodies emahoreni angu-12-24.

Sikukwazisa ukuba ujwayele izinhlobo zezinkomo ezihamba phambili: iLimousin, iBelgium blue, Hereford, Simmental, Dutch, Holstein nase-Ayrshire.

Ama-antibiotics

Ukuvimbela izinkinga zesifo ngenxa ye-microflora yebhaktheriya, i-antibiotics elandelayo nezinye izidakamizwa zisetshenziswa:

1. Ama-antibiotics avulekile (ama-macrolides, tetracyclines, cephalosporins).
2. Sulfanilamides (unikezwe ubuzwe be-bacterium e-pathogenic ye-respiratory tract kubo).
3. Amalungiselelo ahlangene ("Tetraoleandomitsin", "Tetraolean", "Oleandovetin").
4. Izidakamizwa ezibonakalayo: i-tonic inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi (i-glucose, i-camphor, i-benzoate ye-caffeine-sodium benzoate), i-diuretic (i-potassium acetate, i- "Merkuzal"), i-bronchodilators ("Theophylline", "Theobromin"), i-expectorant (i-potassium iodide, i-ammonium chloride).

Ukungakhulelwe

Abantu abatholekile bahlakulela izikhukhula eziqinile ezifuyweni ze-PG-3. Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezincane ezinempilo, naphezu kokuthi zinomkhuhlane wamagciwane (ezidluliselwa kumama kuya kosana) kuze kube ezinyangeni ezingu-2-4, akuhlali njalo zihlinzeka izinga eliphakeme lokuvikelwa ngokutheleleka ngegciwane le-parainfluenza-3, ngakho-ke inendima enkulu ye-immunity yabo ukudlala imithi elandelayo:

1. Ama-immunomodulatory agents ("Miksoferon", "Immunoglobulin").
2. Imishanguzo engasebenzi futhi ephilayo, okuqukethe izinkinga ezithintekayo ze-RTIs (i-rhinotracheitis), i-PG-3 (parainfluenza), i-VD-BS (isifo sohudo e-viral-mucosal) kanye nama-adenoviroza virus.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela

Isisekelo sokuvimbela izinkomo ze-PG-3 yizilinganiso ezilandelayo zezilwane nezokuphepha:

1. Ukuvimbela igciwane ukungena epulazini ngokuyibulala nge-disinfectants endaweni yangaphandle.
2. Ukudala izimo zezilwane ezifanele ukuthuthukiswa kwazo okugcwele nokugcinwa okufanele.
3. Inhlangano yemfuyo yokudla okunomsoco wezinga eliphezulu.
4. Ukwakhiwa kwamaqembu kuphela ezilwaneni ezinempilo ezilethwe emapulazini aphumelelayo, kucatshangwa iminyaka yabo nesisindo.
5. Ukubeka eceleni izinkomo ezintsha ezisanda kufika izinsuku ezingu-30.
6. Ukukhishwa kwe-aerosol ngokugcwele kwezakhiwo, imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kanye nezitsha zezilwane esanda kufika (phambi kwabo kwenziwa ngesonto lokuqala).
7. Ukuhlukaniswa kwabantu abanobuthakathaka nabacindezelekile kube yingxenye ehlukile eyabelwe le njongo.
8. Ukuqhuba izifundo ze-serological ngaphambi kokukhetha amaqembu ukunquma izinga le-immune system yezilwane.
9. Ngenhloso yokuvimbela ngokuqondile i-parainfluenza-3, ukwethulwa kwemigomo ephilayo futhi engavumelekile izinkomo (Pravak noBivak amalungiselelo) 1 ngesonto ngaphambi kokuthutha epulazini.
10. Ukulethwa kwemfuyo epulazini ngokuthutha okhethekile.
11. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo zamapulazi nezinkampani ezindaweni eziphathelene nezomnotho nezamabhizinisi.
12. Ukusetjenziswa okunamandla kwamazinga wehlanzeko ngabasebenzi benkonzo (ukuguqulwa kwezembatho kanye nezicathulo, ukuhlola okuhlanzekileko) nemithetho yokuhlanzeka komuntu.
13. Vimbela ukuvakashelwa epulazini ngabantu abangagunyaziwe.
14. Ukuhlelwa kwezomnotho ku-dezbaryerov.

Ukufingqa lokhu okungenhla, sibona ukuthi isifo esinjalo segciwane lesandulela ngculaza, njenge-parainfluenza-3 KRS, singabangela umonakalo omkhulu epulazini ngendlela yokulahlekelwa kwemfuyo kanye nezindleko zokwelapha.

Funda ukuthi ungondla kanjani izinkomo ezomile.

Yingakho kubiza kakhulu ukuhambisana nezinyathelo zokuzivikela ngesikhathi esifanele kunokubhekana nemiphumela yalesi sifo.