Cishe yonke ingadi ungathola icebo elihle ngokusabalalisa izihlahla ezibomvu ze-currant, ezihlotshiswe ngezigqoko eziningi ezibomvu. Ukunakekelwa konyaka okulula, isivuno esihle kanye nokwakheka okungajwayelekile okuvuthiwe kwezithelo ezivuthiwe - lezi yizizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani lesi sitshalo sithanda kakhulu abalimi abaningi. Kulesi sihloko, sifuna ukukutshela ukuthi "Natalie" - izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezivuthiwe ze-currants ezibomvu ezinganqoba inhliziyo yakho.
Ukuzala
Abadali bezinhlobonhlobo zikaNatali babeyi-V. M. Litvinov no-N. K. Smolyaninova, abalimi baseRussia abavela eMoscow Institute of Horticulture, i-GNU VTISP.
Ngonyaka ka-1991, ngokuwela izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-currant ebomvu, kunezinhlobo ezintsha ezakhiwe, ezihlanganisa ukunakekelwa okungenakuzithoba nokuphikisana kakhulu ne-frost nezifo ezithinta izitshalo ze-horticultural.
Funda incazelo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezikhulayo ze-redcurrant "Vixne", "Sugar".
Incazelo kanye nezici
Cabanga incazelo kanye nezici zezinhlanzi namajikijolo wezinhlobo ezibomvu ze-currant "Natalie".
Shrub
Izihlahla ze-currant ebomvu ekuphakameni zifinyelela kumamitha amabili nesigamu. Emhlathini omdala onempilo ukhula okungenani amahlumela angu-15. Amagxolo emagatsheni anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi amahlumela amancane anesihluthulelo esibubende eziqongweni. Amaqabunga ayingqayizivele, ephakathi nendawo, egcwele umbala ohlaza, othola umthunzi omnyama elangeni. Isihlahla sinezinhlamvu ezincane futhi ezinama-currant ezikhula ngokuqinile phezulu eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala, njengoba ikhula, iba yanda kakhulu.
Uyazi? Kusukela emaqabunga omisiwe ama-currants abomvu nabomnyama uthola isiphuzo esiphundu kakhulu nesinempilo se-vithamini. Emaqabunga aqukethe isilinganiso esiphezulu sevithamini C, kudingeka aqoqwe ngaphambi kokuba amajikijolo avuthiwe. Kubonakala ukuthi emva kokuvuthwa kwabo inani levithamini C liyancipha izikhathi eziningana.
Amajikijolo
Ibhulashi elinamajikijolo akhula ngamagatsha amancane afinyelela ku-10 cm ubude. Ebhayisikili ngayinye khulisa amajikijolo ahlanganisiwe ombala obomvu ocebile, ohlangene kancane phansi. Isisindo esilinganisiwe samajikijolo singu-0.7-1.0 g. Inyama iyinambuzane enesilinganiso esincane sembewu ngaphakathi. Ukunambitha kumnandi ngokumuncu okulula. 
Ezinye izici ezihlukahlukene
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zineminye imikhuba eye yathandwa kakhulu ngabalimi abaningi, futhi iyakwazi ukuhlukanisa "Natalie" nezinye izinhlobo ze-currant ebomvu. Sizoxoxa ngabo ngokuningiliziwe.
Izifo nokuphikiswa kwezinambuzane
Omunye "Izinzuzo zika Natalie" ukuzinza kwayo okuhle izifo eziningi zasadini, kanye nemiphumela yezinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha okungalungile kokutshala isayithi nokuphulwa kwe-agrotechnology ye-currant ebomvu ekhulayo kunganciphisa isifo sokuzivikela kwesitshalo futhi senze kube lula kakhulu kuma-causative agents of izitshalo ezinjalo. izifo ze-fungal:
- Umama we-Mealy uyisifo esingakwazi ukuthelela isitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi nomhlabathi oseduze nawo, kanye nokusabalalisa ngokushesha kwezinye izitshalo zensimu. Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-powdery isikhutha, kusetshenziselwa i-fungicides yesistimu ephethe izitshalo ezithintekayo nomhlabathi ngaphansi kwazo. Ukuze kuvikelwe ukusebenzisa isisombululo somlotha, owawufuthisa izihlahla izikhathi eziningana ehlobo.
- I-Anthracnose - ama-pathogens ayo aqala ukwandisa ngezinsuku zemvula nangomswakama ophezulu. Ukubhubhisa ama-spores ale fungus asetshenziselwa ukuphalaza i-Bordeaux liquid noma i-sulphate yethusi. Ukuvimbela izifo kuhlanganisa ukuqeda ukuchelela ngokweqile kwe-currant bushings, ukusika izihlahla ngesikhathi esifanele, kanye nokususwa okuvamile kwamaqabunga awile nokhula olukhula ngaphansi kwesitshalo.
- I-Septoria yisifo esiyingozi esingabhubhisa ngokuphelele isivuno sakho. Ukuze ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, fundiza amahlumela nge-fungicides yesistimu. Izenzo ze-prophylactic zifaka ukusika izihlahla ngesikhathi esifanele, ukususwa kokhula ngaphansi kwesihlahla, nokuhlanganiswa.
Ukulawula izinambuzane ze-currant ebomvu (shiya i-aphid, ugqumugqumu we-sawfly, i-currant glass bowl) sebenzisa izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izingxenye ezonakele zesitshalo - "Fitoverm", "Agravertin", "Iskra DE".
Funda indlela yokugcina i-currants ezifweni nezinambuzane.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela zihlanganisa:
- ukususwa kwamaqabunga abathintekayo namahlumela;
- ekwindla ukumba kwenhlabathi ezungeze izihlahla;
- Ukwengeza ngezikhathi ngezihlahla zomlotha emhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! Kungenzeka ukuthi ugweme izinambuzane ezivela ku-currant ebomvu ngokutshala imibhede yezimbali ezimnandi eduze kwehlathi. Isibonelo, ama-marigolds - iphunga lawo elinamandla lingesabisa izinambuzane eziningi kude nemibhede yakho engadini.
Ukumelana nesomiso kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa
"Natalie" - izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomswakamakodwa ubekezelela izinsuku ezinomphela zasehlobo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukungabi nomswakama ngesikhathi sokuchichima kanye nokubunjwa kwamajikijolo kungahle kuthinte umkhiqizo ozayo we-currants obomvu. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, hlala uqaphele ukuchelela okuvamile ngalesi sikhathi esithile.
Lezi zihlukahlukene azikwesaba amakhaza futhi zingasinda enqabeni -30 ° C. Uma ukushisa okuphansi kulindeleke, khona-ke izihlahla zifuna ukufihla okunye isikhathi sebusika. 
Isikhathi sokuvuna nokukhiqiza
Leli banga ukukhula okukhulayo okuphakathi, amajikijolo okuqala ongawajabulela phakathi noJulayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuqoqa kuze kufike ku-4 kg amajikijolo amnandi kakhulu omuncu okuvela esihlahleni esisodwa se-currant ebomvu. Izitshalo eziqinile eziqinile "Natalie" zihlukanisa kahle lezi zihlukahlukene phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo ze-currants engadini.
Ukuthutha
Izinhlobonhlobo "Natalie" ukuthutha okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezidengaphandle kokulahlekelwa isethulo nesinambitha. Ukuze kulondolozwe inani eliphakeme lemvuno ngesikhathi sokuthutha, abalimi abanolwazi bayeluleka ukuhambisa "Natalie" ezinzimbini ezincane, ngaleyo ndlela uzoqinisekisa ukuphepha koqweqwe oluphansi lwezithelo.
Uyazi? Izinhlobo ze-currant zasendle zitholakala ngisho naseSiberia. Kodwa e-Australia nase-Antarctica, lolu hlobo lwama-berries alukhule neze.
Izikhombisi-ndlela
Lona ibanga lesibhakabhaka inhloso yonke. Eqinisweni, lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi amajikijolo afana ngendlela enhle futhi enempilo kokubili ifomu elisha neqhwa. Futhi, ungenza ngokuphuthumayo imishado, uhlanganise futhi uyengeze ekudleni - ukunambitheka okucebile nephunga ngeke kuphele ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa okushisa. 
Zijwayele nge zokupheka ngokulungiselela ama-currants abomvu: u-jam, u-jam, u-compote.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo uma uthenga
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo ezibomvu ze-currant kuyindaba ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ikhwalithi nobuningi besitshalo sakho esizayo sincike emgangathweni wezinto zokutshala. Sikulungiselele ulwazi oluwusizo mayelana nendlela enempilo futhi ilungele ukutshala kwangaphandle okufanele kubonakale. ukupholisa okubomvu kwe-currant:
- Imbewu ngayinye kumele ibe ne-pair of amahlumela asobude obude okungenani ama-30 cm.
- Edubula ngalinye kufanele okungenani kube namahlumela amabili enempilo.
- Uhlelo lwempande kufanele luqukethe izimpande eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezingu-3-4.
- Izimpande ze-lateral zithuthukile kahle futhi zikhula ngezinamba ezinkulu.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba bathenge izithombo kwanoma yiziphi izitshalo zensimu ezikhungweni ezikhethekile. Ngakho uzothola isiqinisekiso sokuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo yilokho owazifunayo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi imbewu izoba ngekhwalithi empofu futhi igciwane lesifo noma izinambuzane izoba yincane.
Kubalulekile! Uma ungahle uhlele ukutshala izithombo ezitholakalayo emhlabathini ovulekile, qiniseka ukuthi uhlelo oluyisibhakabhaka se-currant alume. Gcoba izimpande nge-rag emanzi noma ubeke izithombo ebhaketheni lomuntu okhuluma ngebumba (ingxube yenhlabathi namanzi, okwenziwe ngokuvumelana nokukhilimu omuncu wamanzi).
Izimo ezikhulayo
Naphezu kokulula kokunakekelwa, izinhlobonhlobo "Natalie" zinokukhethekile izidingo zemvelo. Ake sitshele ngabo ngokuningiliziwe:
- Umhlaba. Ukuze kuvune isivuno esihle namahlumela aqinile, i-currants ebomvu idinga i-chernozem, i-loamy ne-sandy loam nenhlabathi ekwazi ukubamba umswakama ngokwazo (kodwa akufanele ihlume). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi zinhlobo zomhlabathi uhlala nenani elikhulu lemithambo emibili ezuzisayo esiza izimpande ezibomvu ze-currant ukuthola izakhi ezidingekayo. I-acidity enconyiwe i-acidic noma ayikho hlangothi.
- Indawo efanelekayo yokufika. Khetha indawo ekhanyisiwe kusayithi, kuyifiseleka ukuthi kwakuyi-slope ephansi emgwaqeni osenyakatho-ntshonalanga, kude nemidwebo kanye nemimoya ebandayo.
- Ukugeleza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele abe eduze kowama-1 m kuya phezulu. Ukusondelana kakhulu nesistimu yezimpande ze-currants obomvu kungabangela izinqubo zokubola kwayo, futhi kuvuse izifo ze-fungal.
Isikhathi nesikimu sokufika
Ukutshala izithombo ze-currant ezibomvu kungenzeka kabili ngonyaka: ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi nasekupheleni kuka-Septhemba - ekuqaleni ko-Okthoba. Into eyinhloko ukuthi inhlabathi kumele ifudumele ngokwanele (izinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi akufanele libe ngezansi +15 ° C), lihambelane nezikhukhula zakamuva, futhi libe nesakhiwo esivulekile.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nobuqili be-currants yokutshala ekwindla nasentwasahlobo.
Njengoba ukhethe indawo ekahle yokutshala izithombo, lungiselela le ndawo ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi - uhlanza inhlabathi emhlathini nasezimpandeni kwezinye izitshalo, ukumba ngokucophelela indawo bese ufaka umanyolo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxube ye-humus, umuthi wokhuni kanye ne-superphosphate - faka umanyolo owenziwe ngenhlabathi futhi ngokulinganayo uyisakaze endaweni engamakhilomitha owodwa endaweni ehlongozwayo yokutshala isihlahla ngasinye. Khumbula ukuthi umanyolo ongaxubekile ungabangela izimpande zishise futhi zichithe isitshalo.
Ngemuva kokuthi uthenge izithombo zika Natalie futhi uqedile umsebenzi wokulungiselela esizeni, sekuyisikhathi sokutshala izihlahla ezincane ezibomvu ze-currant emhlabathini ovulekile. Usayizi ophakanyisiwe wegodi lokutshala ungama-60 * 60 cm. Ingqimba encane yenhlanganisela yomhlabathi nomanyolo ithululelwa phansi bese ithululela okungenani isigamu ibhakede lamanzi. Izithombo ezilungiselelwe zibekwe phakathi kwegodini, ziqondise ngobumnene uhlelo lwempande futhi luhlanganiswe nenhlabathi. 
Ukwelapha ama-currants: a-izindawo zokuqeda ukukhula, i-collar-collar. Umhlabathi kufanele uchithe kancane futhi uphuze kakhulu. Naka intamo impande - kufanele ibe ngaphezu komhlaba. Ukutshala izihlahla kwakukhona isikhala esanele sokuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwamahlumela, shiya ibanga phakathi kwehlathi 1-1.5 m.
Uyazi? Njengoba udle ama-berries angu-30-45 amnandi ama-currant omuncu, uzokwanelisa isidingo sakho somzimba nsuku zonke for vitamin C.
Izinsisekelo zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Ukuze i-currant ebomvu ikhule kahle futhi ikujabulise ngokuvunwa okuhle, kubalulekile ukwazi izinto eziyisisekelo zokunakekelwa kwenkathi yensimu yesitshalo.
Ukunisela
Ehlobo, i-currants ebomvu igqugquzelwa kanye ngesonto, futhi ezinsukwini ezishisayo ikakhulukazi, ukuchelela kwanda kuze kube ngu-2 ngesonto. Ukunisela okunconywayo - 1.5-2 amabhakede amanzi ashisa emoyeni lokushisa. Izinqubo zamanzi zibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo - ngalesi sikhathi kunconywa ukuphuza lesi sitshalo nsuku zonke. 
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Ekunakekelweni kwenhlabathi kuyinkimbinkimbi yayo yokugunyaza. Ngokuhlukahluka kwe "Natalie", i-mulch ewusizo kunazo zonke i-slurry noma i-marsh silt. Le nqubo asiza nje ukugcina umswakama emhlabathini, kodwa futhi inegalelo ekufakweni kwayo ngezinto ezizuzisayo ezinomphumela omuhle ekukhuleni kwamahlumela kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Kumele futhi kukhunjulwe isidingo sokukhipha isikhala ngaphansi kwesibhakabhaka nokukhipha ukhula, kepha ukusebenzisa umquba womhlabathi ongakwenza ngaphandle kwalezi zinqubo.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde mayelana nokunakekelwa kwe-currants entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izihlahla ezibomvu ze-currant ziqala ukudinga ukufaka umanyolo njalo ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila. Entwasahlobo, ikakhulukazi umquba osebenzayo - humus noma umquba, okumele kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Ngekuwa, sebenzisa izithako eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali asekelwe potassium, phosphorus ne nitrogen. Lolu hlobo lomanyolo luxubene nomhlabathi endaweni yokumba ekwindla. 
Ukudubula
Ngenkathi eyodwa ehlobo, amahlumela adinga ngokuphindaphindiwe ukusika izihlahla. I-pruning yokuqala iyenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - kubalulekile ukuba nesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba isitshalo "siphakamise" futhi siqala ukugeleza ukugeleza emagatsheni. Lokhu kudoba kuhilela ukukhishwa kwamahlumela omile, omdala nabonakalisiwe. Ngemuva kwenkambiso, zonke izicucu zicutshungulwa nge-carbon echotshoziwe. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, amagatsha ahluma ngaphakathi ehlathini, kanye nezindawo ezinzima kakhulu, aphinde aguqulwe kabusha. Uma zingagciniwe, umoya nelanga ngeke zifinyelele emagatsheni asekude, futhi amajikijolo ayokwenziwa kuphela emaphethelweni angaphandle.
Iziqephu zangasese zangasese zingabuyekezwa, ezihlanganisa:
- ukususwa kwamagatsha aphukile futhi omisiwe;
- ukusika amaqabunga namahlumela ngezibonakaliso zezifo noma izinambuzane ezimele;
- ukususwa kwamagatsha angathuthukiwe ngenombolo encane yefihlekile.
Futhi, njengoba ihlathi elikhulayo lichitha ukuhlelwa kwezintaba ezihleliwe:
- ngonyaka wesithathu, phezulu kwehlathini kunqunywe ngu-10-15 cm, kuzo zonke amagatsha, 5-7 ezinamandla kunazo zonke futhi kunesibalo esikhulu esiphuthumayo, esesisisekelo sesihlahla;
- ngonyaka wesihlanu, ukuvuselela izihlahla amahlumela kwenziwa futhi, uma kunesidingo, kunciphisa izihlahla ze-currant ebomvu;
- ngonyaka wesikhombisa, benza izihlahla ezinesihluthulelo zokuvuselela amahlumela; amagatsha amadala namaphutha asusiwe.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukuvuna i-currant ebomvu, kufanele uqale uphakamise i-sprig, bese kuphela ukhethe amajikijolo. Le ndlela isisiza ukulondoloza ubuqotho bezithelo ezivuthiwe, okubaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni amajikijolo amasha esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuvikelwa kwamazinga ebusika
Naphezu kokuthi "Natalie" akesabi amaqhwa ebusika, ungayeki ukufihla izihlahla ebusika. Kungcono ukumboza isihlahla kanye nendawo ezungeze izihlahla ezinobuningi obukhulu be-humus noma imifula yamanzi, ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo ebusika akugcini nje ngokulondoloza ama-currants obomvu emakhazeni, kodwa futhi kuyisivikelo esihle kunazo zonke kusuka kumagundane nezinye izinambuzane ezincane ezingenakuqeda ukudla amahlumela amancane. 
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
Khetha okuyinhloko kufanelekile izinhlobo ze-currant ebomvu "Natalie":
- isivuno esikhulu kanye nefruiting eside;
- ikhono lokuthutha amajikijolo emadolobheni amade ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuma nokunambitha kwawo;
- ukunakekelwa okungazenzisi;
- ukuphikisa okuhle amaqhwa ebusika;
- ukumelana okuhle nezifo eziningi zasadini.
Ngokusho balimi abaningi, kuphela ukungalungi "Natalie" kungabizwa ngokuthi kunciphisa amahlumela ayo ngaphansi kwesisindo samajikijolo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Uma ukutshala izithombo kusayithi kumele ucabangele lesi sici sezinhlobonhlobo bese ushiya isikhala esingeziwe phakathi kwamahlathi.
Ukubuyekeza ebangeni elibomvu currant "Natalie"
Usebenzisa izeluleko zethu ekukhuleni izimila zika Natali esiqhingini sakho, phakathi nehlobo uzokwazi ukuqoqa inani elikhulu lamajikijolo anamnandi futhi anempilo kakhulu, kanti isivuno siyobe sanele ngokwanele ukuze silondoloze ebusika.
