Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings

Lilac: amathiphu okutshala nokunakekelwa

I-Lilac iyi-shrub yezimbali ezinamahlumela aluhlaza ezimbali ezibucayi, azijabulisi nezephunga elimnandi nelincane. Lesi sitshalo sijwayele ukusika izihlahla, okukuvumela ukuhlobisa isayithi kanye namafomu okuhlobisa okunye, namaqembu, ngisho nokuhlala ezicingo.

Lapho ukutshala i-lilac

Izimo ezinhle kakhulu ze-lilacs zimi kanje: indawo yendawo; inhlabathi iyaswakanyiswa, ne-drainage enhle kanye nezinkomba ze-acidity, eduze nokungathathi hlangothi; ukuhamba kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba okungenani amamitha ayisithupha nengxenye ukusuka phezulu; ilanga ilanga kakhulu usuku; indawo yokuhlala yokushicilela. I-Lilac ayikhuli ezindaweni ezixhaphazayo noma ezikhukhula njalo. Kulezi zimo, uma kungekho okunye kungenzeka, itshalwe emagqumeni ahlanganiswe ngokulandela isibonelo sesilayidi se-alpine.

Umhlabathi omuncu ngaphambi kokutshala kumele uphathwe nge-lime noma ufulawa wama dolomite. ULilac ubekezelela umthunzi okhethekile, futhi emthunzini uyabuthakathaka, unciphise ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa, izimpande zingabonakali kahle futhi zingabi kakhulu. Kodwa endaweni ekhanyisiwe - i-shrub ekhanyayo enezihlahla eziluhlaza, amahlumela aqinile kanye nama-inflorescences amaningi.

Ezindaweni ezivulekile ukuya emoyeni, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ebandayo, i-lilac efihlekile iqhwa, eyithinta izimbali. Khetha ukutshala indawo efudumele, evikelekile emoyeni, isibonelo, phakathi kwezitshalo ezide ezimilayo.

Ukuhlwanyela nini futhi kanjani ukutshala i-lilac

I-Lilac ihambisana kahle, konke okudingayo ukuhambisana nemibandela yokufika, impahla yokutshala enempilo nokunakekelwa okucophelela.

Uyazi? Ngesinye isikhathi, imbuzi yasendulo yesiGreki-njengoNkulunkulu Pan, yavutha imizwa ye-nymph uSiringe. Owesifazane omuhle, wesaba, wabaleka ngaphandle kokuphendula ukuzwelana kukaPan. Ebalekela ePan, owayemxosha, u-Syringa wema emfuleni owavimbela indlela yakhe. Wacela usizo lunkulunkulu wamfula, wabe eseba yisihlahla esicwebezelayo esinezimbali ezibucayi ze-lilac. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-lilac ibizwa ngokuthi yi-nymph enhle.

Isikhathi esihle sokutshala izihlahla

Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-lilac ngu-Agasti-Septemba. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izithombo zinezikhathi zokuqothula kuze kube seqhwa. Zitshala isitshalo kusihlwa noma ngosuku oluthile. Ukufika okungenzeka entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuvuka kwezinso. Kulokhu, udinga ukulungisa umhlabathi wokutshala ekwindla.

Indlela yokukhetha izinto zokutshala

Isixazululo sombuzo: indlela yokuqothula i-lilac esakhiweni, iqala ngokukhethwa kwesithombo I-lilac sapling kufanele ibe namaqabunga aluhlaza, uhlelo lwempande oluhle kakhulu lwe-branched nezimpande ezincane ezikhula kakhulu.

Iminyaka engcono kakhulu yokwenza isipiliyoni yiminyaka engama-2-3, isitshalo singahlanganiswa futhi sibe nemigqa yayo, futhi ukukhula kwe-sapling kuvela ku-50 kuya ku-70 cm, ububanzi be-lobe buyi-30 cm. Izitshalo ezinjalo zibekezelela ukufakelwa kalula futhi zimpande kalula, uhlelo lwazo lwempande alukhathazeki kakhulu. Cabanga ngalokhu ngekusasa, uma ugoba izithombo zakho: izimpande azikwazi ukulimala, isithombo sikhiwa ngendwangu yomhlaba.

Iphethini yokutshala iLilac

Lapho utshala, ekuqaleni, ubhekane nomgodi we-seedling: enhlabathini evundile, ukujula komgodi kufana nobude bezimpande (kufika ku-30 ​​cm), emhlabathini ompofu, umgodi unesayizi wamitha ngamitha. Faka amanzi emgodini (izingcezu zezitini, amatshe amakhulu), ugeze ngomhlabathi ohlanganiswe nama-humus (15 kg), umlotha wokhuni (200 g), superphosphate (30 g).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla lixhomeke ekutheni kufike kanjani. Uma uhlela ukufika okukodwa, yenza ibanga elingama-2 m, eqenjini-eyodwa nesigamu, futhi uhla lwebanga lemitha elivumelekile.

Tshala isihlahla, uqondise izimpande, ushiye intamo enzimpande phansi, uma ungafuni ukukhula okuyizimpande eziningi ukuthuthukisa, 2 cm ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi. Uma uhlela ukusabalalisa okwedlulele - ngokuphambene nalokho, cwilisa intamo impande. Powder the seedling nehlabathi, uhambelane eduze kwesiqu bese uthele. Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi ithatha amanzi, i-mulch ne-peat noma enye into.

Indlela nokuthi yini ongayidla ngayo i-lilac

Uma ukutshala inhlabathi kwakumanyolo, ukufaka umanyolo eminyakeni yokuqala 2-3 akudingeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugqugquzela ukukhula, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-lilac kwenziwa entwasahlobo nge-nitrogen compounds, ukuze kube nezimbali ezingcono - nge-phosphate. Kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili bayidla ama-potash umquba emva kokusila.

Kubalulekile! Umanyolo we-nitrojeni uphikisana nengxenye yesibili yenkathi ekhulayo. Awukwazi ukuwunqoba nge-nitrogen: i-lilac blooms eqhubekayo, amahlumela amaningi angenayo isikhathi sokuqina futhi afakwe kancane ebusika.
Ungalisebenzisi kabi umanyolo we-nitrogen ophilayo we-lilac entwasahlobo: umquba, izinkukhu ezikhukhulayo - lokhu kuzophinde kuthinte izimbali. Ukuphuza ama-lilacs adingekayo ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala ukuze kuphile kahle izithombo. Izihlahla ezindala ziphuziswa kuphela ngezikhathi ezomile.

Imithetho yokusika i-lilac, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyayinquma

Ukugcina izihlahla zihle futhi zinhle, ukusika izilahla kuyadingeka. Lapho ikhula, i-lilac ilahlekelwa isikhalazo sayo kancane kancane. Ngokwemvelo, amahlumela asehlathini akhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi inhlanhla encane: kuzo zonke izikhombisi, ukuqina ngamandla.

Lapho kukhishwa i-lilac kuyadingeka

Isikhathi esiphezulu - isikhathi ngaphambi kokuqala kokuhamba kwamanzi emagatsheni - kusekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ehlobo, kususwe kuphela amahlumela abonakalisiwe noma angenamsebenzi. Ngesikhathi sokukhipha i-lilac, tshela ikhalenda: ehlobo, imiphumela yokusika izihlahla ingasetshenziswa njenge-cuttings noma ama-grafts. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amaqabunga omile asuswe ngokucophelela, zama ukulimaza amaqabunga. Amagatsha aphukile futhi omisiwe angasuswa esihlahleni phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokuthuthukiswa - izimbali. Izitshalo ezihlanganisiwe zihlanzwa, ikakhulukazi ekukhuleni okuvuthiwe.

Qaphela! Akunconywa ukwenza amahlathi e-lilac ekwindla - ebusika, igatsha elingaphuluki ekusika lizoqhwaza.

Indlela yokuhlunga kahle

Ukwakha isihlahla "ngaphansi kwemvelo" kuzobukeka kuhle ngokumelene nesizinda sesitayela se-rustic ensimini. Ukwenza umqhele onjalo, yakha isisekelo. Isihlahla sakhiwa kusuka emagatsheni amathathu kuya kwangu-4, esusa ngonyaka wokuqala wonke amagatsha akhuphuka futhi eqondiswa ngamagatsha angaphakathi. Uma kukhona cishe amagatsha afanayo okuthuthukiswa, okwakhula kuwo, omunye wabo, obuthakathaka, ususiwe. Amagatsha esisekelo ayancishiswa ngesigamu sobude, eshiya amafihlethi aqondiswe ekuqondeni ukukhula kwamagatsha esizayo.

Ngonyaka wesibili, wonke amagatsha akhulile ngaphakathi ehlathini ahlunyiwe, amahlumela wonyaka anqunywe emaqabunga, lapho amahlumela abumba khona azokhula. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kulo nyaka ukukhulisa umqhele ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle kwemimoya kanye neziqondiso ezilukhuni. Uma lokhu sekuqedile, ukunqanyulwa kumisiwe. Okulandelayo, udinga ukulondoloza isimo, ngezinye izikhathi ususe phansi noma ukhule phakathi kwamagatsha, amahlumela angadingekile.

Uma kunezihlahla eziningi, ukubunjwa kungenziwa kube lula. Iminyaka embalwa yokuqala ukunikeza isihlahla sikhule ngokukhululekile, bese sinquma bonke ababuthakathaka, bephazamisana nomunye nomunye, kushiya amandla. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, unganciphisa kahle amagatsha ukuze wonke umuntu abukeke ngendlela efanayo.

Ukwakha i-lilac ngesimo somuthi - isiqu - isihlahla sonyaka sifushane ngokuphakama kwesiqu, sishiya ama-3-4 efihlekile. Amahlumela avela kulezi zifihlekile afana nesihlahla, ebeka isisekelo somqhele. Okulandelayo udinga ukusika wonke amahlumela endaweni ye-trunk futhi uphelele umqhele.

Lilac ukukhiqiza

Kunezindlela eziningana zokusakaza i-lilac. Ngemva kokuwaqonda, umlimi ngamunye uyozikhethela ngokwengeziwe.

Kuyathakazelisa U-Elizabeth I Tudor, iNdlovukazi yaseNgilandi nase-Ireland, wajabula ngesipho sombusi wase-Austria. I-autocrat yase-Austria yiletha isihlahla esibubende esivela e-Istanbul. ULilac uye waba omunye wezimbali ezizithandayo zenkosikazi.

Imbewu

Ukuqoqwa kwembewu kwenzeka ekupheleni kwekwindla kusimo sezulu esimanzi, ukuze imbewu ingavuki ngengozi. Izinhlayiya zembewu zomile izinsuku ezimbalwa, zithuthukise imbewu, zisuse udoti.

Imbewu idinga ukulungiswa: uthele emhlabathini owomileyo, ulale esitsheni ngezibopho ezansi futhi uthumele izinyanga ezimbili ekamelweni elinokushisa kwe-0 kuya ku-5 degrees Celsius. Ngo-Mashi, bahlwanyelwa ebhokisini elinenhlabathi eyomile (ngokuvimbela izifo). Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, amahlumela avela emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 noma izinyanga ezingu-2-3.

Lapho kuphakanyiswa amaqabunga amabili, amahlumela aqhuma emabhokisini okuhlwanyela emkhawulweni we-3 cm. Atshalwe endaweni evulekile ngenyanga kaMeyi. Ungahlwanyela ngaphansi koqweqwe lweqhwa ebusika. Imbewu ingcwatshwe 1.5 cm emhlabathini, kanti entwasahlobo ithokoza emabhokisini futhi ikhule.

Cuttings

Izihlahla ze-Lilac ezinamahlumela e-lignified azikhiqizi imiphumela, kunalokho zihlukile kwimithetho. Cabangela ukuzalisa amahlumela aluhlaza. Ukuvunwa kwezivuno ekuqaleni kwezimbali. Isiqu kufanele sibe nama-internodes angu-1 nama-buds amabili. Ukusika okuphansi kunqunywe, ukushiya u-1 cm kusuka ehlathini, amaqabunga asusiwe. Ukuze ukhule kahle kangcono ngaphambi kokutshala, phatha nge-stimulator yokukhula. Sitshala ekujuleni kwe-1 cm.

Ukukhiqizwa kwezithelo ze-lilac entwasahlobo kungenzeka nasekhaya: ukukhula kwenqwaba yezimoto kungenziwa kulesi sigqebhezana nesembozo esivelele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungisa inhlabathi enomsoco nesihlabathi esinomsoco. Ukushisa kufanele kugcinwe ngaphakathi kwama-25-28 degrees wokushisa. Siphambanise amahlumela nsuku zonke kusuka ku-sprayer ngamanzi. Ngemva kwenyanga, izimpande zakhiwa, futhi ekwindla ungakwazi ukufika phansi emhlabathini, uvikele ekuqandeni.

Umsuka ukhula

Izithombo zokuqala zihlukaniswa ekuqaleni kukaJuni ngaphambi kokuhluma kwehlumela. Ngaphambi kokuhlukanisa, inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla somnikelo kufanele ifakwe. Njengoba izimpande zisalokhu zibuthakathaka, ziqhube inqubo ngosuku oludonshulwa ukuze zingabe zome. Ubude bezimpande kufanele kube ngu-3-5 cm. Ngaphansi kwebhokisi lokuqoqa, faka isanti elimanzi noma i-peat, izithombo zezitshalo lapho bese ufafaza ngamanzi. Bese uhlala endaweni yokushisa ebandayo ebangeni elingama-5 cm.

Izinsuku zokuqala ezingu-7 izitshalo zingaphansi kwefilimu futhi zifakwe kabili ngosuku. Khona-ke ifilimu isuswa, futhi ukuphuza kwenzeka njengoba kudingeka. Isikhathi sokukhula esiphezulu yisikhathi ezimbili esikhulayo. Khona-ke amahlumela atshalwe endaweni enomphela. Ukunakekela ukugcina umswakama womhlabathi kanye nokuncipha uma kudingeka. Umhlabathi we-pristvolnyh imibuthano yomunyu.

Izimbali zezimbali ezinjalo ziqala eminyakeni engama-5-7. Naphezu kwezimbali eziphelile, le ndlela yokukhiqiza inikeza isikhathi eside sokuphila.

Inoculation

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokugoma, ake sikhulume ngokujwayelekile kwazo.

Ukuqubuzana kuyindlela lapho izicubu ze-graft kanye nesitokwe zihambisana kakhulu. Amasheya namahlumela we-scion kufanele abe nobukhulu obufanayo. Ukuqubuzana kuyenzeka ekoleni lempande esiteshini ekuphakameni okukhethiwe kanye nomqhele. Igatsha ngalinye le-skeleton lihlanganiswa ngokuhlukana. Ngokusebenza kahle kwezenzo ezinyangeni ezingu-2.5 i-scion ikhula ndawonye.

Ukuqubuzana kulula, noma ukusika kwe-oblique kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwamanzi. Ukusika kunqunywe engeni lika-45 degrees kuya ku-2 cm ubude, nokusika kwesitoko. I-Graft icindezeleke ekuthangeni futhi ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile.

Ukuqhutshwa kwesiNgisi. Izigaba zenziwa nge-angeli 45 degrees kuya ku-longitudinal of the branches. Ukwandisa indawo yokuxhumana nokuxhuma i-scion kanye nesitoreji eduze kakhulu futhi ngokuqinile, ukusikeka kwe-longitudinal kwenziwa kuzo zombili izigaba.

Ukugoma okuphumelelayo kuncike ezimweni zesimo sezulu. Ehlobo elishisayo elinenani eliphansi lemvula izimpande zanisela amanzi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwe-inoculation. Izitshalo ezitshalwe futhi ezihlanganisiwe zidinga ukukhululeka njalo nokuphuza, ukuxubha. Ukuhluma kwe-graft, kufinyelela ekukhuleni, kuyinto efiselekayo ukubopha ezikhoneni. Ukutshala ngokufanele nokunakekelwa ngokucophelela kwama-lila kuzogcwalisa isayithi lakho ngephunga elimnandi futhi elimhlophe elibomvu noma elimhlophe.