Iyini nokuthi ungakhula kanjani amagilebhisi aseChubuk?

Izithelo zomvini ziyinkimbinkimbi nezinyathelo eziningi. Kunezindlela eziningana zokukhulisa le berry kusendlini yakho. Omunye wabo - ngosizo lwe-cuttings, noma i-chubukov. Cabanga ukuthi ungakhula kanjani lesi siko ekhaya ngosizo lwezithombo ezincane nezilungele kahle.

Iyini i-chubuk ekulimeni

Igama elithi "Chubuk" livela emvelaphi yesiTurkey, futhi libolekwe ngesiRashiya phakathi nokubusa kwe-Golden Horde ezindaweni zethu ezivulekile. Ukuhunyushwa okuyilo leli gama kungukuthi "i-twig elincane noma i-wand".

Ngokuthakazelisayo, leli gama linamanye amaningana okushiwo: izimvu ezinkulu kakhulu ezinezimpondo ezingenalutho, induku engenalutho ekhuni, lapho kufakwe khona ipayipi yokubhema, kanye nesithombo samagilebhisi noma ukusika. Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila emaceleni omvini kanye nendlela yokwandisa ngosizo lwenani labo lemivini kusayithi.

Cubuk ensimini iyinxenye yamagilebhisi eneziqu eziningana kulo.

Le ndlela yamagilebhisi ekhulayo yiyona elula, enokwethenjelwa ngisho nakwaqalayo.

Funda indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi avela etsheni.

Chubuk billet

Uma ulungiselela kahle ukutshala impahla, izosheshisa isivuno sokuqala emvinini omusha.

Isikhathi esiphelele

Izithombo zesikhathi esizayo zidliwa ekuwa komvini oneminyaka elilodwa ubudala, emva kweqhwa lokuqala, lapho kusetshenzwa izihlahla zomvini. Lokhu kwenziwa kusukela ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya ekuqaleni kukaDisemba.

Kule nkathi umvini uqukethe inani elikhulu lokushukela, isitashi kanye nezinye izakhi.

Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, umvini usudlulile kakade ngokuqina kwamazinga okushisa kusuka ku-+5 kuya ku -5 degrees.

Indlela yokukhetha i-chubuk yokuhluma

Okufanele kakhulu ukuvuna umvini - izithelo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kwakuyisibhamu esaletha amaqoqo amakhulu, athuthukile kahle futhi angama-penitenti (6-8 mm) obukhulu.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka, usike izikhala emvinini ngomunwe ohlanzekile nobukhali.

Ama-cuttings anqunywa kusuka ngamapentimitha angu-50 kuya ku-70 ubude nge-oblique cut, cishe amamentimitha angu-2-3 ngaphezulu kwefindo. Izinto zokuvuna ezivela esitshalweni esinempilo.

Ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuqhuba isifundo sokuqala emagatsheni lapho kwakungekho nhlobo yesifo esiyingozi samagilebhisi - i-oidium, kanye nomonakalo wesichotho nesinye isici.

Ngombala, amagatsha enempilo kufanele abe ngotshani wegolide noma obomvu obukhanyayo. Ukuthinta - kanzima futhi uma kugobile kufanele kuphake.

Ividiyo: indlela yokulungiselela kahle futhi ukhethe i-chubuk

Ukutshala imithetho yokugcina

Ngemva kokuvuna i-chubukov kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akufanele bashiye ngaphandle isikhathi eside. Ngosuku abangalahlekelwa ngayo kuze kube ngu-2% umswakama. Futhi uma ukulahlekelwa kufinyelele ku-35%, izinga lokusinda kokusika ngamunye lizowela kuhhafu. Ukuze ulondoloze okuqukethwe komswakama, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izintuthwane noma umlenze weqoqo lihlala ekupheleni komunye wesigamu - kunomlenze wokuzivikela kulezi zindawo ezivimbela ukulahleka komswakama.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ngemuva kokusika i-Chubukov izobavuza.. Ngenxa yalokhu, izikhala zifakwa ebhaketheni lamanzi amahora amaningana (kusukela ku-6 ukuya ku-8). Zingagonywa njengoba ziqunywe esihlahleni, ngoba ngaphambili zibeke ibhakede lamanzi esivini. Ngemuva kokuthungatha indaba yokutshala kumele ibe yomoya omncane, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuyiphatha ngomkhiqizo wezinto eziphilayo nge-high fungicidal kanye ne-bactericidal.

Kubalulekile! I-cuttings eshiyiwe elangeni ilahlekelwa cishe wonke umswakama wayo emahoreni ambalwa, ngakho-ke ukusinda kwabo kuphelelwe umbuzo.

Ngemuva kwazo zonke izinyathelo ezingenhla, udinga ukunquma ukuthi ungabalondoloza kanjani ngesikhathi se-hibernation. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• esiqandisini;
• emhlabathini;
• egumbini elingaphansi kwendlu yangasese.

Manje cabangela indlela ngayinye ngokwehlukana.

Gcina izihlahla zemivini esiqandisini uma unabanye babo futhi ungenawo phansi noma amandla okuwagcina emhlabathini. Kulokhu:

1. I-chubuki eyenziwe edingekayo ukumboza indwangu ehlanzekile yemvelo, ngaphambi kokuyihambisa emanzini.
2. Bese uzibeka emasakeni epulasitiki, ungawahlanganisi ndawonye, ​​kodwa ushiye umgodi omncane wokushintshanisa umoya, uwabeke eshalofini elingezansi lesiqandisini.
3. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa ukuhlola njalo umswakama wendwangu owafaka ngayo impahla yokutshala, futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuwamanzisa ngamanzi. Ngokushesha uma i-musty iphunga ebonakalayo ivela, indwangu kufanele ithathelwe indawo entsha.

Ividiyo: indlela yokugcina impahla yokutshala esiqandisini

Lapho kuvuna inani elikhulu lokusika kungagcinwa emhlabathini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukukhetha indawo yokugcina.

Hlola izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu: zakuqala, izithelo, itafula, ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, ezimnyama, ezingenamakhaza, ezingavaliwe nezithelo zomvini.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo engaseningizimu ayifanele, kanye nokucindezeleka, lapho umswakama oqhwaqhaqha khona khona entwasahlobo ungakuqoqa. Indawo efanelekile kwisayithi ingaba yintaba. Ngakho, izenzo zakho ngale ndlela yokugcina:

1. Dweba umsele ongama-80-100 cm.
2. Thela isanti encane elomile nengqimba ka-5 cm phansi komsele.
3. Qinisekisa ukubeka ipayipi phansi komsele.
4. Thela isanti elimanzi phezulu nesendlalelo se-10 cm.
5. Thela umhlaba phezu kwendwangu yeshlabathi ngendwangu engama-30 cm.
6. Vala umkhumbi phezulu nge slate noma enye impahla efanelekayo.
7. Yenza i-groove ukuze kube nokugeleza kwamanzi.

Ividiyo yokuthi ungagcina kanjani amagilebhisi chubuk emhlabathini

Uma kukhona ikamelo elingaphansi noma isisekelo esakhiweni sakho, kungcono ukugcina i-chubuki elungiselelwe kuyo.

Nansi inqubo yokugcina:

• Qinisekisa ukuphatha izinto zokutshala ngesisombululo se-3% sensimbi noma i-sulphate yethusi (200 ml amanzi kanye 1 ithisipuni yesisombululo) ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa kanye nokutheleleka kwezifungane. Khona-ke umvini kufanele uvunyelwe ukuba womile;
• ukubopha izicucu ezicutshungwe bese uzibeka ezikhwameni ze-polyethylene nge-sawdust emanzi e-coniferous, beshiya izikhwama ze-ajar zokungenisa umoya noma ukwenza izimbobo eziningana kuzo. Le ndlela yokulondoloza inomthelela ekuqoqeni kwe-carbon dioxide, ekhonza njengomlondolozi we-microflora eyingozi futhi kusiza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-carbohydrate yokuphefumula komvini. Phakathi nokugcinwa komvini, kubalulekile ukuhlola umswakama we-sawdust futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuyihambisa njalo.

Uyazi? UJesu Kristu eBhayibhelini wabiza ngokuthi ungumvini weqiniso.

Ungagcina i-chubukov ne-prikopah emiphongolweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bamba imbobo engu-15-20 amasentimitha ejulile, izitsha zifakwa kuwo futhi zigcwele umhlaba.

Izitshengiselo ezinhle kakhulu zokuqothula umvini ukushisa kusuka ku-0 kuya ku-+5 degrees. Uma ugcina ukushisa okunjalo okusebenzayo, khona-ke ama-cuttings azokwanela ama-carbohydrate angaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Kodwa uma isiteji sishisa, khona-ke izimali zokugcina izakhi ziyokwanela izinyanga ezingu-3-4 kuphela.

Ividiyo: amagilebhisi wesitoreji chubukov engaphansi

Indlela yokuhluma i-chubuk

Ngemuva kokupheka kwesikhumba, ama-cuttings kudingeka alungele ukuhluma.

Nini ukuze uthole amagatsha okuhluma

NgoFebhuwari, i-chubuki kufanele isuswe kwisitoreji futhi ihlolwe ngokucophelela. Amagatsha omvini wekhwalithi kufanele aqiniseke futhi ahlanzeke, futhi ukusikeka ngokwawo kuluhlaza okombala.

Ukwelashwa nokuhluma emva kokubanda

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, emva kokubanda kwasebusika, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela amagatsha bese wenza ukucubungula okudingekayo. Uma zomile kakhulu noma isikhunta senziwe phezu kwazo, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezidingekayo: isikhunta esivela emaceleni omvini sisuswa ngokusula ngendwangu noma ibhulashi elithambile.

Uma igxolo linyanyisiwe futhi lanciphisa, khona-ke kudingeka udle umvini ku-stimulator izinsuku ezingu-2.

Ngemuva kokuhamba, udinga ukukhipha i-chubukas kusuka kusixazululo bese unquma ingxenye engaphezu kwalokho kusuka kuzo zombili izinso: ngenhla kwezinso ezingaphezulu - ukusika kwe-oblique kude no-3 cm ngaphezu kwayo, futhi phansi-ngisho nokusika ngaphandle kwe-internode. Izinso eziphakathi ngokuvamile zisuswe.

Ividiyo: indlela yokuhluma amagilebhisi kusuka ku-chubukov

Ngemuva kwenqubo yokuqothula, faka ingxenye ngayinye kwisitsha esisodwa noma imbiza yamanzi ukuze uqhubeke uhluma. Amanzi ezitsheni kufanele abe ezingeni elihlala njalo - ngaphansi kwezinso eziphansi kunazo zonke futhi akukho nhlobo elikuvala (kufika ku-3 cm).

Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuqapha lokhu njalo bese ungeze amanzi njengoba kudingeka kuleveli oyifunayo.

Ukuze uphakamise uhlelo lwempande kusuka kusihlwa, kudingeka udinge "uKornevin" emanzini. Kuzosiza futhi ukwengeza ikhiqizi esebenzayo ukuze amanzi amathangi angahlali. Khona-ke izitsha ezinezinto ezizofakwa efasiteleni eliseningizimu, lapho kukhona khona ukukhanya kwelanga.

Uyazi? Ephasini lethu, cishe amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-80 zithatha izivande ezinezivini.

Ungangezelela ukwakha izithombo zokushisa uma ubeka isikhwama seplastiki ngayinye yazo: umswakama esikhwameni esinjalo uzoba ngaphezulu kunekamelo.

Ukuze ijubane ukuxubha kwe-chubukas, iziqukathi ezinabo zingafakwa kwisisekelo esifudumele, isibonelo, esitsheni sensimbi, esingabekwa phezulu kwebhethri ye-radiator. Kulesi simo, ukushisa kweziqukathi ezinezikhala kufanele kungabi yiziqu ezingaphezu kwama-25.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-5-8 (kuye ngokuthi ezihlukahlukene), amaqabunga azoqala ukuhluma, futhi izimpande zangeviki zizovela. Akunakwenzeka ukuvimbela ukukhuphuka kwezimpande ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwe-1, kusukela izimpande ezinde zingavimba ngesikhathi sokutshala.

Ukutshala chubukov nokunakekela izithombo

Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuhluma okuphakathi kwe-chubukas ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni evulekile.

Isikhathi esiphelele

Isikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokufika okwesikhashana yisiqalo ka-Ephreli. Ngaphambi kwalokho, lapho kuzokwazi ukutshala khona emhlabathini ovulekile, isikhathi esanele siyodlula. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izinto zokutshala zihlanjululwe futhi ziqinile.

Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi nembiza

Izinto zokutshala zitshalwe kunoma yisiphi isitsha esifanelekayo ngenani eliphakeme lika 0.5-1 litre. Ukuze kulungele lokhu:

• i-peat pots;
• amabhodlela epulasitiki anqunywe ngesigamu;
• iziqukathi zepulasitiki;
• izibuko zebhere plastic;
• amaphakheji avela ku-kefir noma ubisi.

Manje mayelana nokuhlanganiswa komxube wezwe wokugcwalisa amathangi (konke okuyingxenye engu-1):

• ingxenye ye-humus;
• ingxenye ye-sod land;
• ingxenye yomxube womhlaba wonke othengwe esitolo;
• isiqephu sesihlabathi noma i-perlite.

I-patterning yokuhamba

I-cuttings itshalwe kanje:

1. 1/4 wekhono lokuneneza kancane kancane isithende, ukuqikelela ukuthi ungaqedi izimpande ezincane. Lokhu kukhula kokutshala kuyadingeka ukuze kulesisitsha ne-substrate kunamathuba amaningi ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwempande. Bese ufafaza i-chubuk nge-substrate uphinde uthele ungqimba lwe-sawdust ngaphezulu. I-Sawdust ngeke ivumele umswakama ukuba uphumele ngokweqile.
2. Emva kokufika, kufanele baphuze kahle.
3. Beka izithombo ngamathreyi ekamelweni elifudumele ngaphandle kwemidwebo.

Indlela yokunakekela amagilebhisi

Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwamagilebhisi amaqabunga kanje:

• gcina ukushisa kwamakamelo + 20 ... +25 degrees;
• njalo ukhulule inhlabathi emigodini enezithombo;
• ngokulinganisela ukuchelela ngamapellets ngamanzi afudumele ahlukene;
• emva kwamasonto amabili, phuma izithombo endaweni yesimo esishisayo emoyeni omusha wokuqina.

Kubalulekile! Emakhakheni avunyiwe kuyadingeka ukubopha ilebula yezinto ezingekho ukubola ngegama lezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi, ukuze ungadideli ezihlukahlukene kamuva.

Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile

Isikhathi sokutshala amagilebhisi endaweni evulekile kumele sinqunywe kuye ngezimo zezulu. Isimo sezulu kufanele sibe nesifudumele futhi sizinzile, umoya kufanele uthuthuke kufika ku-+15 degrees, futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibe yi-+10.

Lokhu kungukushisa okungcono kunayo yonke izitshalo zonyaka okhulayo. Ezindaweni ezihlukene, lokhu kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Kunoma yikuphi, ukufika emhlabathini ovulekile kufanele kwenziwe kungekuqaleni kukaMeyi, lapho kungeke kube khona usongo lwe-frosts entwasahlobo. Lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele sinozinzile, udinga ukuqala ukutshala amagilebhisi ngokuqondile. Ngalokhu udinga:

1. Gweba imigodi engajulile, cishe ama-bayonethi angu-2 ejulile no-50 cm ububanzi. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemikhumbi kufanele libe njalo ukuthi i-chubuks ehlezi ingamamitha ayi-1 ngaphandle komunye nomunye.
2. Faka izikhonkwane ezinamitha eziyi-1.5 zibe ngaphansi kwezimbobo zokubopha amagilebhisi.
3. Ngezansi udinga ukuthulula i-superphosphate encane nomlotha ukuze uthuthuke kahle izithombo.
4. Phakathi emigodini, uthele isikhukhula esincane emhlabathini bese ubeka isithombo kuso kuso, emva kokusika phansi kuso.
5. Sika ngokucophelela eceleni kwesitsha nge-chubuk, ngaphandle kokulimaza izimpande.
6. Gcwalisa i-cubicle ngomhlaba ukuze izinso eziphansi zibe ngamasentimitha angu-2-3 ephakeme kunezinga lomhlaba.
7. Gwema kancane phansi emhlabathini oseduze nezihlahla bese ubopha emaphethini nge-twine, ngaphandle kokuyiqinisa.
8. Hlanza ngokucophelela izithombo ngamanzi avela ekutheni. Ukunisela kuyodinga ngamabhakede angu-1 ehlathini.

Ividiyo: itshale amagilebhisi

Uzoba nesithakazelo ukwazi ukuthi yini ewusizo: uviniga wamagilebhisi, ijusi lomvini, imbewu yamagilebhisi kanye neqabunga lomvini.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuvuna nokugcina kahle kwamagilebhisi-cubs, kanye nokuhluma nokutshala okuqhubekayo emhlabathini ovulekile, amahlathi amancane angathuthuka phakathi nonyaka wokuqala futhi abe nemivini enempilo ethelayo injabulo yabanikazi babo.