I-Garlic ingesinye sezilimo zemifino ezidumile emhlabeni. Kuyadingeka kakhulu ekuphekeni kuphela, kodwa nakwezokwelapha zendabuko. Akunakwenzeka ukuthola isiza sengadi lapho besingakhuli khona. Ukunakekela isivuno akunzima. Abalimi abaningi, bekhetha phakathi kobusika nobusika bokusanhlamvu, bakhetha owesibili. Le nketho ibaheha ngekhwalithi enhle kakhulu yokugcina.
Kuyini ugarliki wentwasahlobo
Izinhlobo ezimbili zikagalikhi ziyahlukaniswa - intwasahlobo nobusika. Zombili lezi zinketho zinokusizakala kwazo, kepha ezokuqala zingabizi kakhulu ekuhlelweni kwezindawo ezincane, kanti eyesibili ngamapulazi amakhulu. Isivuno sikagalikhi wasebusika siphakeme ngokwesilinganiso, ama-bulbs akhudlwana, kepha intwasahlobo inempilo. Ukuzihlukanisa kulula.
Ithebula: indlela yokuhlukanisa ugalikhi wentwasahlobo ebusika
| Ukuhlwaya | Ugalikhi wentwasahlobo | I-garlic ebusika |
| Ukuba khona 'kwemicibisholo' | Akukho. Okuhlukile kuyizinhlobonhlobo zeGulliver. | Kukhona. Kunconywa ukuba zisuswe, kusale izingcezu ezimbalwa ukusabalalisa isiko. Basusa izakhi zomzimba eziningi kumabala. |
| Inani nendawo yama-clove | Kuningi (kufika ezingcebeni ezingama-30), zincane impela, zihluka kakhulu ngesimo nangosayizi, zihlelwe ngokungahleliwe emigqeni eminingana. Ukusondela phakathi nendawo, mncane. | Kukhona ezimbalwa zazo (ngokwesilinganiso ezingekho ngaphezulu kwe-8-10), zikhulu, zitholakala ngemisebe e-petiole eyomile - izinsalela zomcibisholo ofile. |
| Uhlelo lwempande | Kuthatha okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10 ukwenza izimpande. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho lapho kuphela ukuthi ama-activates asebenze, amaqabunga aqale ukwakha. | Amandla, ama-spring bulbs asheshe aqhubekele ekukhuleni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpande zinezikhathi zokwakha ekwindla. |
| Inani lamaqabunga | Amaqabunga maningi, mancane futhi mncane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iqabunga ngalinye lihlinzeka ngokudla okukodwa kwembatho eyodwa. | Kukhona ezimbalwa zazo, zibanzi futhi zinde. |
| Peel | Icwebe kakhulu, ikhanya kalula, ifana nephepha lesikhumba. | Iqinile, iqinile emazinyweni. |
| Izinsuku Zokutshala Nokuvuna | Intwasahlobo yokuqala (ishumi lokugcina likaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli). Isizini esikhulayo yinde impela - endaweni yesimo sezulu esishisayo, ama-bulbs avuthwa ngasekupheleni kwenkathi yezimbali, esevele ngoSepthemba. | Ekwindla Mid (ingxenye yesibili ka-Okthoba). Into esemqoka ukuthi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo esizolile kufanele kube okungenani amaviki ayi-2,5 ukuya ku-2. Uvuthwa ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule kaJulayi noma ngo-Agasti. |
| Ukumelana nesithwathwa | Ukushisa okungalungile kubekezelela kabi. | Lapho ifika ekujuleni okungama-5-6 cm, ngisho nobusika obunzima buhlala ngaphandle kwezinkinga. |
| Ukugcina | Ilungele ukugcinwa isikhathi eside, lokhu kungenxa yobukhulu obuphakeme be-pulp. Ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa lamakamelo lincane okungenani izinyanga ezingama-6-8, isilinganiso esifinyelela eminyakeni emibili. | Igcinwa kabi kabi, hhayi ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezingama-4-5. Ima ngokushesha ngokwanele, ilahlekelwe ukunambitheka kanye nengxenye ebalulekile yezinzuzo. |
| Isifunda esikhulayo | Izinhlobo ezindala zinconyelwa ukutshala ezindaweni eziseningizimu kanye neRussia maphakathi. Kusha, ngokuqina kokuqina kwesithwathwa - yonke indawo, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo. | Ilungele isimo sezulu esifudumele nesishubile. E-Russia, kungatshalwa yonke indawo. |
Photo: Isithsithisi sentwasahlobo nobusika
- Amahlamvu kagalikhi entwasahlobo ahlanganisa izinyo elixubile, ama-clove ahlukaniswa
- Kugalikhi ebusika, ama-clove akhona ezungeze izinsalela zesiqu
- Ugalikhi wasentwasahlobo uhlukaniswa amaqabunga amaningi amancanyana.
- Kunamaqabunga ambalwa kagalikhi wasebusika, isiqu esimaphakathi sihluke ngokucacile
Ividiyo: ungahlukanisa kanjani u-garlic ovela ebusika kanye nobusika
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zikagalikhi wasentwasahlobo enesithombe
Ukukhetha akumi. Kuqala, ugarlic wasentwasahlobo eRussia wayeyisitshalo "esiseningizimu" kuphela, kepha manje sikhule ngempumelelo ezifundeni eziningi, ngoba kungenzeka ukwandisa kakhulu ukumelana nesithwathwa. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezibekelwe izifunda ezithile. Njengomthetho, lokhu kunganqunywa ngegama - iLeningrad, eMoscow, Chebokary nokunye.
Izinhlobo ezejwayelekile zikagalikhi wentwasahlobo:
- Abrek. Ayikho imikhawulo esifundeni esikhulayo kubhaliso Lombuso Lombuso waseRussia. Ukuvuthwa okuhlukahlukene. Amacembe amade (48-60 cm) embozwe ungqimba ocwebekile we-wax. Amabhulethi atholwe kancane, anobukhulu obuthile (finyelela isisindo esiyi-26-30 g). Ngayinye inamawashi ayi-15. I-Flakes nenyama imhlophe. Ubunzima obukhethekile bokunambitheka. Ukusuka ku-1 m², bathola cishe u-0,7 kg wegalikhi, ngezikhathi ezithile eziphumelelayo - kuze kufike ku-1 kg. Impilo yamashalofu ephansi izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Garlic Abrek - Okuhlukahlukene Okujabulisayo
- U-Aleisky. Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa sekwephuzile, ezilungele ukuvunwa ezinsukwini eziyi-110 kuya kwezi-55 emva kokutshala. Yakhiwe eSiberia, iyamelana nezimo zezulu zokushisa kanye namazinga okushisa ngokweqile. Amaqabunga aphansi (aze afike ku-30 cm), ngoba isithombo sikagalikhi sentwasahlobo kukhona ezimbalwa zazo (izingcezu eziyi-9-10). Amabhuleki ayindilinga noma atholwe kancane, enesisindo esingu-16-25 g.Kucako ngalunye lwe-18-20. I-pulp iminyene kakhulu, icrispy. Ukusuka kumamitha ayi-1 khipha kuze kufike kumakhilogremu ayi-1.5 wezinhlamvu. Ukuvunwa kuzoqhubeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga kuze kube kuqala ihlobo elizayo. Izinhlobonhlobo zizwelana ne-acidity ephezulu yesigatshana, ukushoda komswakama, i-nitrogen ne-potassium enhlabathini - amaqabunga aqala ukujika aphuzi. Okubucayi obukhulu ukungatheleleki okuphansi.
Igalikhi le-Aleic livame ukuhlushwa yizifo futhi lihlaselwa yizinambuzane
- UVictio. Izikhathi zokuvuthwa zijwayelekile. Kushiya ngaphandle kokumboza i-wax, okuphakathi nendawo (20-25 cm). I-bulb iyindilinga-eyindilinga, kwesinye isikhathi imise okombala, inkulu (enesisindo esingu-38-43 g). Kulelo nalezi zivalo ezili-13- 13. Izembozo ezimboze amhlophe qwa. Ukunambitheka akubukeki kakhulu. Ukusuka kumamitha ayi-1 ungathola ama-bullet angama-0.98 kg. Impilo ephansi yamashalofu iyizinyanga eziyi-8. Ukugomela okuhle kakhulu ngokumelene nesikhunta se-pathogenic kuyisici.
I-Garlic Victorio ibaluleke kakhulu ngokunambitheka kwayo emnene nempilo yeshelufu ende.
- I-Gulliver. Enye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi baseRussia. Ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa kubhekisele kokufika sekwephuzile. Kuvunwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-90-98 ngemuva kokutshala. Lokhu kuphela kwezinhlobo zikagalikhi zentwasahlobo ezakha "umcibisholo". Amaqabunga makhulu, aze afike ku-55 cm ubude nama-5 cm ububanzi (owokugcina walesi sigaba sezinhlobo use-atypical impela), umbala omnyama omnyama onobukhulu obunye ungqimba oluqinile lwe-waxy coating. Isibazi sithwetshiwe ngokusobala, cishe ngosayizi wamarekhodi (enesisindo esingu-90-120 g, izinhlobonhlobo ngazinye zithola ubunzima be-200-250 g). Ngamunye unama-clove ama-3-5 kuphela. I-Cover Flakes ingwevu engcolile ngombala. Ukunambitheka kunambitheka kakhulu, okukhulu. Impilo ephansi yamashalofu iyizinyanga eziyi-8. Isivuno esijwayelekile singama-0.98 kg / m². Izinhlobonhlobo ziphawuleka ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-Vitamin C, amaprotheni nama-amino acid, nokugomela okuhle.
UGarlic Gulliver ulithethelela ngokugcwele igama, amakhanda alo makhulu kakhulu
- Elenovsky. Kubhaliso Lombuso leRussian Federation kufakwe ohlwini lwentwasahlobo, kodwa futhi kufanelekile ukufika emhlabeni ebusika. Kunconyelwe ukulinyelwa eNyakatho neCaucasus. Ngezinsuku zokuvuthwa, kungokwokuvuthwa okuphakathi, ukuvuna kuvunwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-110-115. Amacembe anobude obuphakathi (35 cm), acekeceke. Amabhulethi acishe acici, abe mancane (ama-21-23 g). Kulelo nalezi zimbali ezingama-15-16. Ama-flakes aqhakazile amhlophe, inyama ine-pink kirimu noma nge-tint onsomi. Ukunambitheka kuyinto ephakathi nendawo. Impilo yeshelfide yinde kakhulu, ifinyelela eminyakeni emibili. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyabongwa ngokumelana kwayo kakhulu ne-nematode.
I-Elenovsky ugarlic incane kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ukuhlushwa inkathazo eyingozi njenge-nematode
- I-Ershovsky. Izinhlobo ezivuthwa eziphakathi nendawo ngaphandle kwemikhawulo esifundeni sokutshala. Amacembe mide (cishe 50 cm). Amabhulethi ayancwebeka, asayizi aphakathi (anesisindo esingama-35 g), inani lama-denticles liyahlukahluka kusuka kwezingcezu eziyi-16 kuye kwezingama-25. Ukunambitheka kunambitheka kancane. Isivuno esijwayelekile singama-0.7 kg / m². Impilo ephansi yamashalofu iyizinyanga eziyi-8.
IGarlic Ershovsky ilungele ukutshalwa cishe kuyo yonke insimu yaseRussia
- I-Degtyarsky. Izinhlobonhlobo zahlotshiswa ngokuqondile ukuze zilinywe emadolobheni amancane nasezindaweni ezizungezile ezinesimo sezulu esifanayo. Labo abatshala isivuno ngezimboni ngokushesha basazisa. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, cishe ngaphandle kokufafaza i-wax, ubude bawo bube ngama-35- 37 cm. Isibazi sibunjiwe ngopende, izikali ezibukeka zimhlophe, zinamathambo abomvu apinki. Kulelo nalezi zimbali ezingama-16-18. Isisindo esimaphakathi sifinyelela ku-38 g. Inyama inambitha i-peninsular. Ukukhiqiza - kuze kufike ku-0,3 kg / m². Impilo yamashalofu kagalikhi okungenani izinyanga eziyi-7.
IGarlic Degtyarsky kwasekuqaleni yayihloselwe ukulinyelwa esifundeni saseMoscow, kodwa yasheshe yaziswa ngabalimi abahlala kwezinye izifunda
- UCledor. Izinhlobonhlobo, ezihlukaniswa abafuyi baseFrance, zingokwesigaba se-elite. Ngokuvuthwa - maphakathi nesizini. Kuboniswa ukumelana okubandayo okuphansi, esimweni sezulu esifudumele ngaso sonke isikhathi akuhlali kukwazi ukuvuthwa. Amabhulethi makhulu kakhulu, enobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-6,6 Kuzo zombili zamawashi angama-20 noma ngaphezulu. Ama-Cover flakes aluhlaza grey, angaphakathi apinki. I-pulp inokhilimu omunyu, obukhulu, onambitheka kahle ngesinongo. Izinhlobonhlobo zenani lekhwalithi enhle yokugcina (ubuncane bezinyanga eziyi-10), ukunambitheka okuhle nekhwalithi. Akuvamile ukuthinteka isikhunta se-pathogenic namagciwane.
I-Garlic Cledor - inhlobonhlobo yokuqokwa kokukhethwa kwamaFulentshi, kubhekwa kakhulu ukungaziphathi kahle
- I-Permyak. Enye yezimpumelelo ezintsha zabazalanisi baseRussia. Ilungele ukukhula kunoma yisiphi isifunda. Izinsuku zokuvula ziphakathi. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubude bawo bungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-30. Isibani senziwe isicaba, sinesisindo esingama-34 g. Mboza ama-flakes amhlophe ngemivimbo emnyama onsomi, inyama ibomvana. Ukunambitheka kuyinto ephakathi nendawo. Isivuno esijwayelekile singama-0.3 kg / m². Isikhathi sokugcinwa kwe-bulb - okungenani izinyanga eziyi-10.
IGarlic Permyak ifakwe abafuyi abasekhaya muva nje
- Ukugqwala. Olunye uhlobo oluhlakazekile eFrance, lukhule ngenkuthalo eYurophu esikhungweni sezimboni. Ububanzi obuphakathi kwe-bulb bubalelwa ku-6 cm, isisindo singama-80 g. Ngamunye wabo unezivalo eziyi-15-20. I-pulp iminyene kakhulu futhi inoshukela, imhlophe kakhilimu, i-peninsular. Impilo yamashalofu amancane unyaka owodwa.
IGarlic Flavor idume kakhulu ngabalimi abangochwepheshe baseYurophu.
- ISochi-56. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuvuthwa kokuqala. Kuvunwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-80-90. Ihlukaniswa ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kweqhwa nokungaziphathi kahle kwezifo eziningi ezijwayelekile zesiko. Amabhuleki ayindilinga, makhulu, anesisindo esingaba ngu-50-55 g. Ngamunye wawo unezivalo ezingama-25-30. Ukunambitheka kuyalingana, kubukhali. Impilo ye-Shelf yesitshalo ingafinyelela onyakeni owodwa nesigamu. Ukusuka kumamitha ayi-1 khipha ama-bulbs afinyelela ku-0.9 kg.
Izinzuzo ezingathandabuzekiyo zikagalikhi we-Sochi-56 ukuqina kwazo, ukungavikeleki okuhle nokumelana nokubanda.
Izinsuku zokutshala nokulungisa imibhede
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukutshala ugarliki kwentwasahlobo kwenzeka entwasahlobo, umbhede engadini yawo udinga ukulungiswa ekwindla. Le nhlobonhlobo yesiko izwakala ilungile nenhlabathi elula futhi evundile (i-sandy loam, loam) nge-reaction acid-base reaction. I-acidity ephezulu ingatatazelelwa ngokwenziwa kofulawa we-dolomite, "ubunzima" benhlabathi ngesihlabathi, "ukukhanya" kwayo ngubumba lwempuphu.
Indawo engadini yakhethwa evulekile, elangeni. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kube nomgoqo othile oseduze owuvikela emoyeni osenyakatho. Ithambeka elincane lamukelekile - kulokhu, kutholakala ukugeleza kwamanzi okusheshayo. Ugalikhi wasentwasahlobo akakubekezeleli ukumiswa komswakama ezimpandeni ngokwezigaba. Ngesizathu esifanayo, ukufika kwawo ezigodini eziphansi akufakiwe - ancibilike futhi amanzi emvula asemi lapho isikhathi eside, futhi kubanda nomoya omanzi.
Umbhede wegalikhi kumele wembiwe ujule, lapho kuhlangana khona imifino kanye nokunye udoti
Indawo ekhethiwe yambiwa yafika ekujuleni kwama-35-40 cm, lapho kwenziwa inqubo yomunye umquba. Cishe inkomishi engu-1 yomlotha wezinkuni ohlutshiwe, umquba ongu-4-5 l we-humus noma umquba obolile no-10-15 g womanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi oqukethe i-nitrogen, phosphorus ne-potassium (Nitroammofosk, Azofosk, Ammofosk) uzosetshenziselwa 1 m². Entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokutshala, umbhede uzodinga ukukhululwa futhi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nobusika, ugarliki wasentwasahlobo udinga inhlabathi enempilo eyengeziwe, konke okudingekayo kwethulwa enhlabathini ekwindla
Akumele sikhohlwe ngokujikeleza kwezitshalo. Izandiso ezimbi zikagalikhi zingaba-anyanisi (kufaka nezimbali), izaqathi nezitshalo ezivela emndenini wakwaSolanaceae. Noma yiziphi izilimo zikabhontshisi nokusanhlamvu, imifino, zonke izinhlobo zamaklabishi, Ithanga (ukhukhamba, i-zucchini, amathanga, u-squash, amakhabe) kufanelekile kulokhu. Isiko lingabuyiselwa endaweni yalo yangaphambilini ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-5 eyalandela.
Izaqathe zegallic zinganduleli ezimbi kodwa zingumakhelwane onempilo kakhulu
Ugalikhi wasentwasahlobo uzuzisa ingadi ngokutshalwa eduze kwama roses, ama-berry bush, nama-sitrobheli asendle. Ixosha izinambuzane eziningi ezijwayelekile zalezi zilimo, ikakhulukazi ama-slows kanye nama-weevil. Kepha omakhelwane iklabishi, uphizi, ubhontshisi kuyinto engathandeki - ugarliki kuvimbela ukukhula kwabo.
I-Garlic etshalwe embhedeni ofanayo ne-sitrobheli iyawasusa amajikijolo ama-slug - izinambuzane azithandi iphunga elishubile
Isikhathi sokutshala sikagalikhi wentwasahlobo sinqunywa isimo sezulu esifundeni. Inhlabathi njengamanje kufanele ifudumale ifike ku-5-7 ° C. Kepha awukwazi ukubambezela kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho i-substrate, igcwele ngamanzi ancibilikisiwe, izokuba nesikhathi sokoma. Futhi isiko alikuthandi ukoma ngokweqile kwenhlabathi, njengokushisa nje. Ezifundeni zaseningizimu ezifudumele, ukufika emhlabeni kungahlelelwa ekupheleni kukaMashi, ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile - kule minyaka eyishumi edlule ka-Ephreli. E-Urals, eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude, amagama adluliselwa phambili ngamanye amasonto angama-2-3.
Ugalikhi wentwasahlobo kufanele atshalwe emhlabathini omanzi
Amabhuleki azizwa ekhululekile futhi aqala ukwakha izimpande ngisho nasekushiseni komoya okungu-4-8 ° C. Lapho nje isimo sezulu sizinzile futhi sizinzile (ngenhla kuka-12-15 ° C), ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwezimpande kuyeka, ukwakheka kwe-bulb kuqala. Uma isitshalo singenazimpande ezinamandla ngokwanele kulokhu, ngeke sikwazi ukusinikeza izakhamzimba ngenani elifanele, okuzolimaza kabi inani kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo.
Akufanele wesabe amafrimu okubuya kwentwasahlobo. Ukubekezelelwa okubandayo kogarliki wasentwasahlobo kungaphansi kakhulu kunokwenziwa kwegalikhi yasebusika, kodwa kuzosinda ngokuphumelelayo emazingeni okushisa amancane amancane.
Ukulungiselela izinto zokutshala nobuchwepheshe bokutshala
Ukuthola isivuno esihle akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokutshala okusezingeni elifanele. Lokhu kuphinde kuthintwe yizimo zokugcina. Isipiliyoni sabalimi sibonisa ukuthi ugalikhi, obelele ebusika emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, uvuthwa isikhathi eside, kepha wakhe ama-bulbs amakhulu. Ama-clove agcinwe endaweni yokushisa esondele ku-0 ° C anika isivuno esisheshayo, kepha amakhanda mancane.
Ngokutshala, amazinyo afanelekile ngaphandle kokulimazeka komshini kanye nama-dents, anenyama edonsa, enesisindo esingu-3-6 g. Ngokushesha senqabe lezo okubonakala kuzo ukuthambekela okuncane okusolisayo, okukhumbuza izimpawu zezifo nokulimala kwezinambuzane. Yize ilungile futhi incane. Zingafakwa emasondweni kweminye imibhede ukuvimba izinambuzane. Bazoya eluhlaza. Akunconywa ukuthi ukhethe ikhanda elinenombolo encane yamazinyo okutshala. Lokhu sekuvele ukonakala kwegalikhi, ngeke kunikeze isivuno esihle.
Izinto zokutshala kumele zikhethwe ngokucophelela, ubukhulu kanye nekhwalithi yesitshalo esizayo kuncike kulokhu
Ukuze "uvuke" izinto zokutshala, amakhanda wonke afakwa esiqandisini izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, aboshwe ngethawula noma ithawula. Njengoba yoma, indwangu izodinga ukuthi inyuswe ngezikhathi ezithile. Enkudlwana inhloko, isikhathi eside igcinwa emakhazeni.
Abanye abalimi esikhundleni sokuzijwayeza ukufudumeza igalikhi amahora angama-8-10 emanzini ashisayo (40-45 ° C) noma bayimise (ifake esikhwameni sepulasitiki, esongwe ngendwangu emanzi, ishiye efasiteleni likhanyiswe yilanga). Hlakazisa amakhanda ngama-clove ahlukile kungaphambi kosuku ngaphambi kokwehla, ukuze phansi kungabi nesikhathi sokoma. Kususwa i-husk eyomile kuphela ngaphandle ngaphandle kokulimaza igobolondo elingaphakathi.
Emahoreni angama-10-12 ngaphambi kokweqa ukubulala amagciwane. Ama-clove kagalikhi entwasahlobo acwiliswa amahora ama-2-3 kusisombululo se-pink esivele siphuzi se-potanganum permanganate noma i-1% - i-sulfate yethusi. Futhi ngalezi zinhloso, ungasebenzisa ukumiliselwa kwenkuni yomlotha noma ngesixazululo sikasawoti (10 g / l). Futhi ekuvinjelweni kwezifo zokukhunta, noma imaphi amalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi - ama-fungicides (Fitoverm, Kuprozan, Horus, Skor, Abiga-Peak) awusizo. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokuhluma, ama-biostimulants asetshenziswa - iKornevin, iZircon, Epin.
Isixazululo se-potassium permanganate - esinye sezibulala magciwane esivame kakhulu
Ividiyo: balungiselela ugarlic wokutshala
Igalikhi itshalwa ngesikhala esiphakathi kwemigqa engama-25-30 cm. Ukujula okuphelele kwemisele kungamasentimitha angama-3-4. Ngokujula okuthe xaxa, ukukhula kwesitshalo kuhamba kancane. Amazinyo abekwa nge-8-12 cm ezansi kuya phansi. Lapho zikhulu, isikhala esithe xaxa phakathi kwama-bulbs esizayo. Ukuzifaka enhlabathini bese kunyathelwa umganyana ngemuva kokutshala akunconyiwe, izinto zokutshala zingalimala. Uma amanzi asemhlabeni esondela ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, kuyalulekwa ukuphakamisa umbhede ngo-15-20 cm.
Isikhathi sokuphumula phakathi kwama-clove aseduze ngesikhathi sokutshala kuya ngosayizi wawo
Imisele imbozwe ngengxube yama-humus kanye ne-peat crumbs ngaphezulu, ehlanganiswe ngamahlamvu omile, sawdust, utshani, ukudala ungqimba ongu-2-3 cm. Izithombo ezinkulu zingalindelwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-12.
Amahlumela wegalikhi asentwasahlobo avela ngokushesha futhi ngokuthula
Ividiyo: ukutshala ugarliki wasentwasahlobo emhlabathini
Ukunakekelwa Kwegalikhi Kwentwasahlobo
I-Garlic yisiko elingaqashelwa, kepha ngeke lisebenze ukuthola isivuno esiningi ngaphandle kokunikeza imibhede okungenani isikhathi nomzamo. Okungenani, umlimi uzodinga ukhula njalo futhi athukulule inhlabathi. Ukhula kalula i-strata entwasahlobo ethatha intambo, isusa umsoco oludingekayo kuyo. Ukunisela ngendlela efanele kanye nokufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi esifanele kubaluleke kakhulu esitshalweni.
Umswakama obanzi womhlabathi kugalikhi wentwasahlobo uyadingeka kuphela esiteji sokuqala sokukhula, lapho amaqabunga ekhula ngenkuthalo. Isitshalo ngokushesha "sibika" ukusilela komswakama - amathiphu awo aphenduka aphuzi futhi omile. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukuthambisa okukodwa ezinsukwini ezingama-4-5 kwanele. Izinga lokusebenzisa ngu-10-12 l / m².
Ukunisela ugarliki ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kancane kancane kuncipha, kancane kancane kunyamalale
Lapho ama-bulbs esevele eseqalile ukwakha, i-substrate iniselwa kakhulu ngokulinganisa, futhi uma lina, isimo sezulu esipholile, asithelwa nhlobo. Umswakama owengeziwe ngalesi sikhathi kungaholela ekushiseni kwabo, ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta se-pathogenic.
Emavikini amathathu ngaphambi kosuku okulinganiselwa ngalo ukuvuthwa kukagalikhi, ukuchelela kumiswa ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ama-clove azoba manzi. Lokhu kuthinta kabi ukunambitheka kanye nokugcina ikhwalithi.
Uhlelo lwempande likagalikhi lwentwasahlobo alunamandla uma liqhathaniswa nobusika, alukwazi ukukhipha izakhi ezanele enhlabathini ukuze lwenze ama-bulbs amakhulu, ngakho-ke izitshalo zidinga imithamo emikhulu yomanyolo.
Ukondliwa kokuqala kwenziwa lapho ukuphakama kwamaqabunga kufinyelela ku-4-5 cm. Ukuze kwakheke ukusebenza kwenqwaba eluhlaza, ugalikhi udinga initrogen. Iniselwa ngesisombululo se-urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate (12-15 g nge-10 wamalitha amanzi). Umthombo wemvelo we-nitrogen izithoni ezinyoni ezintsha noma indle yenkomo. Kodwa ngesimo sayo esimsulwa, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi kungeniswe emhlabathini - izimpande "zizoshiswa" ngokushesha. Esikhundleni salokho, i-infusion ilungiswa ngokuthulula amalitha ama-2-3 wezinto zokusetshenziswa ebhakedeni lamanzi bese ishiya izinsuku eziningana endaweni efudumele ngaphansi kwesivalo esivalwe ngokuqinile. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ihlungiwe futhi ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1: 8 noma i-1: 15 ngokulandelana, ngomquba kanye nodoti.
I-Urea - enye yamanyolo athandwa kakhulu aqukethe i-nitrogen
I-nitrogen ethe xaxa emhlabathini iyingozi kugalikhi. Lokhu kwenza buthaka ukungavikeleki kwakhe. Lesi sitshalo siqala "ukukhuluphala", sakhe irosette eliqabunga lamaqabunga kulimaze ama.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphezulu yi-phosphorus-potash. La manyolo aqala ukufaka isicelo kusukela lapho kwakhiwa inhloko. Izikhathi ezanele ezingama-2-3 phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula sinezikhathi ezicishe zilingane. Lokhu kokugcina sekuyinyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuba ukuvuna kuvuthwe. Uma ukhuthele kakhulu ngalomanyolo, ama-clove aqhekeka. I-Garlic iniselwa ngamakhambi we-potassium sulfate ne-superphosphate (8-10 g nge-10 l lamanzi). Enye indlela yemvelo ukufakwa komlotha wezinkuni ongafakwanga. Imbiza yelitha lezinto ezingavuthiwe ithululelwa kumalitha ama-5 wamanzi abilayo, afakwa amahora angama-8-10, ahlungiwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
I-Wood ash - umthombo wemvelo we-potassium ne-phosphorus
Kukhona nomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi walesi sitshalo. Kepha okokuqala fundisisa ukwakhiwa. I-Garlic iyabekezelela i-chlorine nezinhlanganisela zayo, zinqwabelana epulpiti.
Lapho ukhetha umanyolo wegalikhi, qiniseka ukuthi ayikho i-chlorine ekwakhiweni kwayo
Uma ukuthuthukiswa kwegalikhi yasentwasahlobo kucace kancane, ungayondla nge-organics yemvelo - isisombululo se-vermicompost, ukumnika kwe-nettle eluhlaza, i-dandelion.
Izifo, izilokazane, nezinye izinkinga
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ugarliki uxosha izinambuzane kusuka kwezinye izilimo zasensimini futhi ungumthombo wemvelo wokukhiqizwa okuguquguqukayo, ngokwako awuzivikeli ezifweni nasekuhlaselweni yizinambuzane. Isilinganiso esihle kakhulu sokuvimbela kuleli cala ubuchwepheshe bezolimo obunekhono.
Kwezifo zikagalikhi wentwasahlobo, ezijwayelekile kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukugqwala. Isibonakaliso sokuqala imivimbo emincane ephuzi emaqabunga. Kancane kancane, baba banzi, baphenduka izindawo ezinamabala amancane womumo oyindilinga, bashintsha umbala ube o-orange obomvu.
Ukhunta lokugqwala kuthinta cishe zonke izitshalo zasengadini; u -galikhi uhlukile
- I-Peronosporosis (Downy isikhutha). Esimweni sezulu esinomswakama, lesi sifo sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha isikhunta asithandi ukushisa nesomiso. Ukukhula kwesitshalo kuyancipha, amaqabunga, aqala kusuka phezulu, aphenduka aphuzi, aphenduka aphuzi futhi abole.
Izimo ezithandekayo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-peronosporosis - umswakama ophezulu kanye nokushisa komoya okuphansi
- I-Fusarium Inkinga ijwayelekile kakhulu kwizifunda eziseningizimu esishisayo. Yize izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele zingaphephile kuzo, uma ihlobo liphumelela ngokuya ngesimo sezulu. Amaqabunga, aqala kusuka kuzeluleko, aphenduka aphuzi ngokushesha futhi omile, ambozwe imivimbo emincane e-brownish. E-sinuses, kwakheka ipulangwe eliphuzi eliphuzi, elifana nokubumba. Okokugcina, amakhanda ahlupheka - amazinyo aba athambile, ambozwe ngumbumba ofanayo.
I-Fusarium ugarlic ingathinta isivuno kokubili ngesikhathi sokukhula esisebenzayo nangemva kokuyibeka kwisitoreji
- Bacteriosis (ukubola kwamagciwane). Kungathinta ugarlic wentwasahlobo kokubili engadini naphakathi kokugcina. “Izilonda” ezincane ezinombala onsundu ziyavela kuma-clove, kancane kancane anda ngosayizi. I-pulp iba sobala, ibuye iphenduke umucu wamafu onephunga elingelona kahle le-putrefactive.
Ukubola kwebhaktheriya kogarlic, okuqalwa ngesikhathi sokulondolozwa, kungabhubhisa ngokushesha cishe isivuno sonke
- Ukubola okumhlophe. Amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, kuvela umhlophe umhlophe ofana noboya bekotini. Amazinyo aba njengengilazi, abole ngokushesha.
Akunakwenzeka ukuqeda ukubola okumhlophe kukagalikhi ngezindlela zesimanje
Izindlela zokwelashwa kwezifo ezingamagciwane okwamanje azikho. Ngakho-ke, amasampula athelelekile kufanele asuswe ngokushesha kusuka emibhedeni futhi ashiswe, abulala amagciwane enhlabathi ngesisombululo esipinki se-potassium permanganate noma u-5% weBordeaux fluid.
Ekulweni nesikhunta, noma imaphi ama-fungicides ayasebenza. Kuyelulekwa ukukhetha izidakamizwa zemvelo yemvelo (Alirin-B, Topaz, Bayleton, Maxim, Previkur), ziphephile empilweni yomuntu kanye nemvelo. Ukwelashwa kokuqala kwenziwa, kuqaphela izimpawu zesimo, bese kuthi okunye, kube nesikhawu sezinsuku eziyi-7-10. Ngesixazululo somuthi, izitshalo ziyafafazwa, inhlabathi iyachithwa. Ukuvimbela, ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, kuyasiza ukwelapha u-garlic wamakhambi ngemithi yesintu njalo emavikini ayi-1.5-2 - isixazululo somlotha we-soda, i-kefir ehlanjululwe ngamanzi noma i-Whey, iodine ebilisiwe.
Izinambuzane azidluleli isiko:
- I-anyanisi indiza. Izibungu zidla ama-denticles asanda kwakheka angaphakathi kusuka ngaphakathi. Babola ngokushesha. Isitshalo siyabuna, kancane kancane soma. Ukwesabisa inkathazo, kusiza ukushintshanisa ukutshala ugarlic kanye nezaqathe, uthuli lomhlabathi embhedeni nge-mustard powder, upelepele obomvu womhlabathi, imvuthuluka kagwayi. Ukuze ulwe nokusetshenziswa kwe-anyanisi fly i-Decis, Inta-Vir, Iskra-Bio.
Ukutshala ugarlic kanye nezaqathe kuseduze kuyisisombululo esihle kakhulu; ugarlic uxosha iklabishi ukundiza, isanqante - anyanisi
- Garlic nematode. Umbungu omncane wefilatre ungena ezimpandeni futhi kancane kancane unyusa isiqu, ubeka amaqanda ezicutshini. Amaqabunga ambozwe izindawo ezinombala ophuzi, opendwe. Ukususa inkathazo kunzima kakhulu. Ukuvimbela, umbhede ngaphambi kokutshala kanye nezikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesikhathi sokukhula kuthululelwa ngosawoti (5-7 g / l). Ama granules we-Nemabakt angeniswa emhlabathini entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokuvuna - uchithe neTiophos.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuqeda i-nematode; amaqanda ezinambuzane emhlabathini ahlala esebenza iminyaka emihlanu
- I-anyanisi (izimpande) umkhaza. Ingena phakathi kwama-bulbs ibheke phansi, ngokweqiniso "ukuyigaya" isesimweni sothuli olumhlophe, bese idla ama-clove angaphakathi. Amakhanda ayabola, isitshalo siyafa. Ukuvimbela, umbhede uniselwa ngamanzi okufakwa emzimbeni, njalo emavikini ayi-1.5-2. Ukususa umkhaza, kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo akhethekile - ama-acaricides (Neoron, Omayt, Apollo).
I-anyanisi mite akuyona insect, ngakho-ke, izidakamizwa ezikhethekile - ama-acaricides asetshenziselwa ukulwa nayo
Ividiyo: izindlela zokubhekana ne-anyanisi fly
Inkinga evamile amaqabunga e-garlic aphuzi. Lokhu kuwuphawu olubonakalayo lwezifo eziningi. Kepha futhi kungafakazela amaphutha ngamanye kubuchwepheshe bezolimo, ikakhulukazi, ekusweleni kwama-macro- kanye nama-microelements, umswakama emhlabathini. Ngendlela efanayo, lesi sitshalo siyaphendula ngokutshala endaweni esemgangathweni yekhwalithi engafanele.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
Iqiniso lokuthi u -galikhi wentwasahlobo selivele lavuthwa lifakazelwa yi-yellowing enkulu nokufakwa kwamaqabunga, ukuthambisa intambo yezimpande. Isikhathi samathambo ukuphela kuka-Agasti noma ukuqala kukaSepthemba. Awukwazi ukubambezela ukuvuna. Izinga legalikhi elinjalo liwohloka kakhulu - amakhanda ahlukana abe ngama-clove ahlukene, isikhumba siqhekeke, phansi kukhule. Ngisho nokulibaziseka kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3 kubalulekile.
Ugalikhi osuswe engadini uyaqiniseka ukuthi wome kahle
Ungasheshisisa isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwesilimo ngokuthi "uqondise kabusha" cishe wonke umsoco kumabhuleki:
- Bopha amahlamvu abe ifindo.
- Mulch inhlabathi. Ngakho-ke ukushisa kancane, futhi ukukhula okusebenzayo kwekhanda kwenzeka ngokufanele emazingeni okushisa enhlabathi aphansi.
- Faka ngokucophelela faka ummese obukhali ngensimbi ende ngaphansi kwekhanda bese usika izimpande ukujula kuka-3-5 cm. Inqubo idinga ikhono elithile, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula kakhulu ukulimaza isibani.
Amaqabunga egalikhi aboshwe ifindo, izakhamzimba azisakwazi ukuhamba ngevolumu efanayo, ngakho-ke ziqondiswe kabusha ku-bulb
Ukuze uvune, khetha usuku olunelanga, olungashisi. Ukunciphisa ukulimala kwemishini, ugalikhi wembiwa nge-pitchfork. Ngemuva kwalokho idinga ukuthi yomiswe emoyeni omusha izinsuku ezingama-5-7. Amakhanda abekwa ngaphansi kombhede ukuvikela imvula engenzeka. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile nakho kunethonya elibi kubo.
Ama-bulbs omile ahlanzwa ngomhlaba wokunamathela, izimpande zawo namaqabunga asikiwe, kusale u-2-3 no-8-10 cm, ngokulandelana.I-garlic ugarliki iyahlelwa, ilahle amakhanda onakaliswe isikhunta, amagciwane, izinambuzane.
Ividiyo: izincomo zokuvuna nokugcina ugarlic
Isiko alikhethi ngezimo zokugcina. Kepha ngokuqinisekile bazothinta isivuno esizayo. Ugalikhi wasentwasahlobo ukhombisa ikhwalithi enhle yokugcina emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni ngalinye futhi emazingeni okushisa asondele ku-0 ° C. Kuyadingeka nje ukuthi indawo yomile futhi inomoya omncane.
I-Garlic ayidingi izimo ezikhethekile zokugcina, izofanelana nobabili efulethini nasendaweni ephakeme
I-Garlic ingagcinwa emabhokisini amakhadibhodi, emabhokisini enziwe ngokhuni nawepulasitiki, obhasikidi abanezimbobo zokufaka umoya omncane, o fafazwe ngotshani, sawdust, izingxenyana zezindaba. Ukuze ugcine isikhala, bayibeka izinyanda, bayifaka amathayi amadala e-nylon noma esikhwameni selineni, abopha "izindwangu", bazilengisa ophahleni. Amabhuleki agcinwa kahle uma umuntu ngamunye ehlanganiswa ngefilimu enamathayo noma egcotshwe kuphalafini obunjiwe.
Ama-Garlic "ama-braids" angaguqulwa abe ngumhlobiso wokuqala wezangaphakathi ekhishini
Ilungele ukugcinwa kanye namaveyili ahlutshiwe. Babekwa engilazini ye-opaque noma ezitsheni zokhuni, zifafazwe ngfulawa, sifafazwe ngomlotha wokhuni. Futhi uma usebenzisa usawoti noma uwathululela ngamafutha emifino, ungawunambitha ngasikhathi sinye umkhiqizo. Amafutha anjalo, ngokwesibonelo, muhle kakhulu njengokugqoka kwesaladi.
Ukugcina ugarlic emafutheni kuyinto ewusizo futhi inenzuzo.
Lapho kungekho -galikhi omningi, mane ubeke ama-clove esikhwameni esikhethekile sepulasitiki nge-tightener eqinile bese uyibeka esiqandisini (iklabishi elenzelwe imifino nezithelo).
Ukhula ugarliki, ebusika nasentwasahlobo, ngisho nengadi efiselekayo ingakhokha. Uhlobo ngalunye lwamasiko lunesikhathi salo sokutshala, ukuvuna kanye nama-nuances okunakekelwa, okudingeka uzijwayeze nawo kusengaphambili. Ungakhohlwa ngokuvimbelwa kwezifo - ngokungafani nenkolelo ethandwayo, ugarliki unezifo ezitholakala kuwo kanye nezinambuzane ezihlasela ngazo. Iphuzu elibalulekile ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo. Kuya ikakhulukazi esifundeni sokutshala, kepha kunezinye izici zokunquma.
