ICineraria isitshalo esinezimbali eziqhakazile namahlamvu esiliva amahle amahle ngokumangalisayo. Ungowomndeni wakwa-Astrov. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo imbali iyiNingizimu Afrika, kepha izihlahla zayo eziminyene zithandwa njengezitshalo zasengadini kanye emngceleni ophakathi neRussia. Zisetshenziselwa imingcele yokubuka komhlaba kanye nemibhede yezimbali. Izinhlobo ezi-hybrid ezinokuqhakaza okuningana kwemibala ehlukahlukene zizokhanga kubo bonke abalimi. Igama lesitshalo lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ashen". Lokhu kuveza umbala wamaqabunga athambile, athambile. Le mbali inhle kakhulu kangangokuba ngeke ishiye muntu engenandaba. Ngenxa yokuzithoba kwayo, ukuyinakekela kulula kakhulu.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Cineraria - utshani obungapheli noma izihlahlana ezinamahlumela aqhakaze kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwezimila kungamasentimitha angama-30-90. Lesi sitshalo sondliwa ngompande wenduku obukhulu, ongena shí emhlabeni.
Amacembe amakhulu we-petiole wesimo esimise okwama-ore, okokuqina noma ohlakazeke ngokusobala akhula ngobude bazo zonke iziqu. Ingaphezulu lamahlumela kanye namaqabunga limbozwe ngokunamandla inqwaba emfishane ethambile yesiliva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amacembe makhulu impela futhi akha i-turf eqhubekayo ethambile.
Maphakathi noJuni, ama-inflorescences-basiketi aqhakaza eziqongweni zamahlumela. Zilula noma i-terry. Ngasemaphethelweni angaphandle, imigqa eminingana yezimbali zomhlanga zombala obomvu, omhlophe, ophuzi noma onsomi. Umgogodla ovuthiwe ngemibala ye-tubular ayikhawulwanga kumbala owodwa, ungaba ophuzi, isiliva, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi.
Ukushintshana ngakunye, ama-inflorescence e-cineraria aqhakaza kuze kube maphakathi nekwindla, kuze kufike iqhwa. Ngemuva kokuvundiswa, kuqhuma imvuthuluka yembewu, ngaphakathi kuyo kunezinhlamvu ezincane ezinomdaka onsundu omnyama, ocishe ube mnyama.
Izinhlobo zeCineraria
Uhlobo lwe-cineraria lubandakanya izitshalo eziningana. Kepha emasikweni ethandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo nezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa. Ngokwengxenye, zihlukaniswe ngamahlamvu okuhlobisa nezitshalo eziqhakazayo.
I-Cineraria sea sea (isiliva). Lesi sitshalo sihlala njalo, kepha ngaphansi kwezimo zasebusika eziqandayo sikhule engadini njengonyaka. Idume ngamahlamvu okuhlobisa. Amapuleti amaqabunga anamandla ahlukaniswe ngamacandelo amancanyana. Adwetshwe ngombala oluhlaza ogqamile futhi ambozwe ngentende ngensimbi ethambile. I-foliage yakha ama-rosette aminyene kuwo wonke ubude besiqu, akhula abe ngamathanga aminyene. Ama-bloom we-cineraria wasolwandle awakhangi ngokukhethekile. Uhlakaza obhasikidi abaphuzi abancane abangahambi kahle ngehlamvu lomlotha wesiliva. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abaningi basika ama-buds ngaphambi kokuba bavule. Izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenziweni kwengadi engadini. Izinhlobo:
- Uthuli lwesiliva - izihlahlana ezingaphansi (ezingafika ku-25 cm) ezinezihlahla ezivulekile;
- I-Cirrus - yakha phezulu (cishe ama-45 cm), amathikhethi aqinile anamapheshana ahlanganisiwe we-serated.
I-cineraria inegazi. Njengoba lolu hlobo lufanele ukulinyelwa ngaphakathi, luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-cineraria yangaphakathi." Izinhlobonhlobo ziyathandwa ngenxa yokuqhakaza okukhulu kwezimbali. Iziqu eziqondile, ezihlotshiswe kakhulu ezifika ku-70 cm ukuphakeme zimbozwe ngokhanyayo oluhlaza okotshani noma amahlamvu okusaqanda. Engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo, isihlahla simbozwe ngesigqoko esiminyene sezimbali ezikhanyayo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene kakhulu. Izinhlobo zokuhlobisa:
- I-Grandiflora - i-semi-shrub engu-50-70 cm ukuphakama, iqhakaza ama-inflorescences-obhasikidi amakhulu alula ububanzi ka-5-8 cm;
- Ezimbili - izimbali ezingama-35-70 cm eziqhakaza eziqhakaza ububanzi obungafika ku-5 cm, amacembe awo adwetshwe ngemibala emi-2 ehlukene;
- I-stellate - ihlumela elinokuphakama kwama-blooms angama-70-90 cm ngamabhasikidi amancane (2-4 cm) anama-petals anemibala emincane e-indigo efana nemisebe yezinkanyezi.
I-cineraria inhle. Iziqu ezinhlamvu ezihlotshiswe kakhulu zalesi sitshalo zakha ibhungane elicishe libe yizingaba ukuphakama okungama-60 cm. Amaqabunga neziqu zimbozwe ngenqwaba enamathelayo. Amabhasikidi alula futhi anama-terry inflorescence akhula ngamaqembu, akha i-inflorescence ekhudlwana ye-corymbose esiqwini esisodwa. Amaqembu wokuhlobisa ngokuhlukahluka adume kakhulu:
- I-Nana - isitshalo esifinyelela ku-25 cm ukuphakeme simbozwe ngezimbali eziningi ezinkulu, ezinenkanyezi ezinomgogodla we-burgundy kanye nopinki abepinki;
- I-Ligulosus - izihlahla zamasayizi aphakathi nendawo ezinamanzi amaningi agcwele amathoni.
Imithetho yokuzalanisa
Ukutshalwa kwe-cineraria kusuka kwimbewu kukhiqizwa ngezithombo. Njengoba inesikhathi eside sokukhula, izilimo zikhiqizwa kusuka ngoZibandlela kuze kube kuphela uFebhuwari. Endabeni yokugcina, izimbali zizofika ekwindla. Ukutshalwa kwe-cineraria yasolwandle kusuka embewini kuqala ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, ngoba akudingekile ukulinda ukuqhakaza kwayo, futhi amahlamvu okuhlobisa ayojabulisa ngoMeyi.
Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela amabhokisi anesihlabathi nomhlaba we-peat. Imbewu emincane isatshalaliswa ngaphandle bese inyulwa kusetshenziswa umbusi. Ngemuva kwalokho, umhlaba uyafafazwa bese ibhokisi limbozwa nge-foil. Amahlumela obungani avela emva kwezinsuku ezingama-7- 7, okuthi emva kwalokho kukhishwe indawo yokukhosela bese ibhokisi lidluliselwa endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle ngokushisa kwe- + 20 ... + 22 ° C.
Lapho izithombo zikhula amaqabunga ama-2 angempela, zikhetha amabhodwe e-peat ngamanye. Ngenxa ye-pivot rhizome, ukudluliselwa okwengeziwe kwe-cineraria kungaba buhlungu. Ngemuva kokukhetha, izithombo zigcinwa emazingeni okushisa angeqi ku-15 ° C. NgoMeyi, lapho iqhwa lidlula, badlulisela emhlabathini ovulekile kanye namabhodwe we-peat.
Ukusabalalisa izinhlobo zokuhlobisa, kufaka phakathi i-cineraria yasolwandle, sebenzisa indlela yokusika. Ehlobo, kwanele ukusika phezulu kwehlumela elingaba ngu-10 cm.Otshalwe ebhokisini ngesihlabathi nangomhlabathi we-peat. Ngaphambi kokutshala, isipuni siphathwa ngeKornevin. Esikhathini sokuzivumelanisa, amahlumela embozwe ngamabhodlela epulasitiki noma ifilimu. Lapho izimpande zazo zivela, ziqala ukumboza. Okokuqala, ukusikwa kuvulwa amahora amaningi ngosuku, bese kuthi ngokuphelele. Ekwindla kanye nasebusika bokuqala, izithombo zishiywa ezitsheni kanti ebusika zilethwa egumbini elipholile. Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, ungadlulisela i-cineraria enhlabathini evulekile.
Isihlahla esikhulu esikhule kahle singasakazwa ngokwahlukana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngoMeyi-Agasti, ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngokuhlukaniswa kanyekanye kwempande futhi kuqhume ezindaweni ezincane ezineziqu eziningana eziqinile. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokutshala, izitshalo zigcinwa endaweni epholile, enomthunzi. Ngemuva kokuzivumelanisa nezimo, zikhule njengenjwayelo.
Ukuhamba nokunakekela
Ngokutshala, i-cineraria khetha indawo ekhanyiswe kahle enombala omnyama ntambama. Isitshalo sithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile amaqabunga ambozwe izindawo ezinsundu (ukushiswa).
Inhlabathi. Bumba inhlabathi esizeni. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inani elincane lesihlabathi, i-peat kanye nomquba kufakwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Izama ukungalimazi uhlelo lwezimpande, izithombo zitshalwa kwizimbobo ezingashonile ngebanga elingama-20-25 cm. Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi iyaniselwa, kancane icwecwe futhi ifakwe nge-peat. Indoor cineraria itshalwa emabhodweni aphakathi nendawo. Sebenzisa ingxube yenhlabathi enamaqabunga, umquba kanye ne-peat. Kuyasiza ukwengeza izingcezu zegxolo likaphayini nomlotha ku-substrate. Ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo akulula.
Ukushisa ICineraria ithanda okuqukethwe okupholile. Uzizwa engcono kakhulu kukho konke ngokushisa kwe- + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Lapho ukufudumala kufinyelela ku-20 ° C nangaphezulu, amahlumela amancane namaqabunga aqala ukubuna. Ebusuku, izitshalo zimelana nokupholisa ukufika ku- + 5 ° C. Uma i-cineraria itshalwe esitsheni, khona-ke ukusuka maphakathi nentwasahlobo kuya ku-Okthoba kugcinwa ku-veranda noma kuvulandi onomfutho ongapheli womoya omusha.
Umswakama. Lesi sitshalo sidinga umswakama ophezulu, kepha akunqweneleki ukufafazwa ngaso ngenxa yenqwaba esekhondeni lamahlamvu. Ngakho-ke, amaphallet anezibhebhe ezimanzi noma ubumba olwandisiwe lubekwa eduze kwezimbali. Engadini, ungathulula kahle inhlabathi kude kude nezimpande.
Ukunisela. I-Cineraria idinga ukuthambisa okuningi, kepha amanzi akufanele agxilile emhlabathini, uma kungenjalo ngeke uvikele ukubola kwezimpande. Ngemuva kokuchelela, udinga ukukhulula umhlaba ngezikhathi ezithile futhi uphule uqweqwe lomhlaba omnyama.
Umanyolo. Isitshalo sidinga ukugqokwa njalo okuphezulu, sibalulekile kakhulu enhlabathini ampofu. Kanye noma kabili ngenyanga, izihlahla ziniselwa ngesisombululo sikamanyolo wezimbiwa zezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Entwasahlobo, izingoma ezinokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen eyandayo zisetshenziselwa ukwakha amahlamvu amahle, bese kuthi ehlobo, kusetshenziswe inkimbinkimbi enokuqukethwe okuphakeme phosphorus, okudingekayo ukuqhakaza izimbali. Izikhathi eziningana phakathi nenkathi, ukugqokwa kwamaminerali kufakwa esikhundleni se-organic (mullein).
Izihlahla. Lapho ama-inflorescence ebuna, kufanele anqunywe esiqwini sokuqala. Amabhasi asezingeni eliphansi nawo afushanisa.
Ubusika. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, i-cineraria hibernates kabi. Amabhasi ahlala eqandisa, ngakho-ke akhule engadini njengezitshalo zonyaka. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, ihlumela lonke liyabhujiswa, kuthiwe umhlaba. Kwesinye isikhathi ekwindla, i-cineraria iyambiwa bese idluliselwa emabhodweni, ilethwe egumbini eliqhakazile nelipholile (lingabi ngaphezu kuka- + 10 ... + 15 ° C). Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungaqhubeka ukuqhuma. Entwasahlobo, amakhasi kanye namabhodwe ayiswa engadini noma atshalwe kabusha emhlabathini ovulekile. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, i-cineraria hibernates emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ekuphakameni kwe-10-15 cm imbozwe ngokhuni olufile noma ngamagatsha e-spruce.
Izifo nezinambuzane. I-Cineraria iyamelana nezifo zezitshalo. Izinambuzane nazo zihlala kukho njalo. Imvamisa ama-aphid, ama-whiteflies kanye nezimbuzane zesicabucabu. Ukuze izinambuzane zingadali ukulimala okukhulu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe imifino njalo futhi ikwelaphe ngesinambuzane ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi (Neoron, Fitoverm, Karbofos).
I-Cineraria ekwakhekeni komhlaba
I-cineraria ecwebile futhi ekhanyayo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa umngcele noma umngcele wangaphambili wengadi yezimbali. I-cineraria yesiliva itshalwa ibhekene nesizinda sezimbali eziqhakazayo eziqhakaza ngesimo somhlobiso emhlabathini, kanye nasezintanjeni ezakhiwe ngamatshe.
Izinhlobo eziqhakaza zihlobisa kahle i-balcony neveranda. Ungazisebenzisa esivandeni sezimbali esixubile. Imibala ehlukahlukene kanye nobume be-inflorescence kukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe isampula yakho oyithandayo noma udale inhlanganisela ephelele ye-cineraria kuphela. Abalingani abahle kakhulu kuye kuzoba yi-lobelia, i-petunias, i-phlox, i-sage kanye ne-marigolds.
Amacala wokusebenzisa ama-inflorescence lapho wenza ama-bouquets ajwayelekile. Igatsha elinemibala eminingana ekhanyayo libukeka lihle ku-vase futhi alisiqedi isikhathi eside.
