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Yiziphi amakhowe akhula esifundeni saseRostov, lapho ungaqoqa khona

Isimo sezulu sezwekazi ngokulinganisela, ukusondela kwamagumbi amanzi kanye nezindawo eziyisihlanu zenhlabathi-zendawo kwenza indawo yaseRostov ibe indawo enhle yokukhula kwefungi. Isikhathi sokuzingela amakhowe lapha siqala ngoMeyi futhi siphela ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ukukhula kwezifungulu ezihlukahlukene, kokubili okudliwayo nokungenakudliwa, kuxhomeke ekushiseni kwemoya, umswakama nomhlabathi, okungafani ngaphakathi kwesifunda futhi kunqume izindawo zokuqoqa eziyinhloko.

Amakhomikhali edlayo

Amahlathi aseRostov acebile ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamakhowe. Yiqiniso, kungamakhulu angamakhulu kuphela kubo abadliwayo. Ukuqoqwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezingenakulungiswa kubhekene nobuthi obunzima. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi iziphi "izipho zehlathi" eziphephile zibukeka sengathi ziphi, nokuthi ziphi isikhathi sokuzibheka, nokuthi zizopheka kanjani.

Amakhowe amhlophe

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyaziwa ngokuthi i-bebik noma i-boletus. Kunezinhlobo eziningana, ezithandwa kakhulu:

  • i-pin (ihlathi lephayini);
  • birch
  • i-oak;
  • i-spruce
  • ithusi.
Iqala ukuqoqwa ngobuningi ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, nakuba i-boletus ikhula kusukela maphakathi noJulayi kuya ekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Kuvame kakhulu endaweni yangasogwini iDon nasendaweni yeSemikarakorsky.

Sincoma ukuthi sijwayele izinhlobo ezidliwayo zamakhowe.

Naphezu kwezinhlobo eziningi, cishe wonke amakhowe amhlophe afana kakhulu:

  1. I-cap inesisindo esingu-8 cm kuya ku-30 ​​cm. I-matte yangaphandle. Umbala uhlukile - kusuka ku-orange omnyama kuya obomvu obomvu. Phakathi nendawo yinto emnyama, futhi emaphethelweni kancane kancane. I-tactile ibukeka ibushelelezi futhi ibukeka kahle; esimweni sezulu esomile siyaphuka, kodwa emva kwemvula iba yinkimbinkimbi. Inyama ayihlukanisi esikhumbeni.
  2. Umlenze - ngokuvamile uvame ukuphakama kuya ku-10-12 cm, futhi ububanzi obuvela ku-7 cm kuya ku-10 cm. Bufana nesimo se-keg shape, ngezinye izikhathi umlenze, kumakhowe amadala kuba yinkimbinkimbi. Umbala uvame ukukhanya ngaphezu kwekhanda; kungenzeka kube mhlophe, nakuba kunezimo lapho umbala wemilenze uhambelana ngokugcwele nombala we-cap. Ngaphansi kwemilenze, igridi yemithanjeni emincane ihlukaniswa.
  3. I-pulp - umbala ngokuvamile unomhlophe, ocacile, nakuba uneminyaka yobudala uphenduka ophuzi noma uba yi-beige. Isakhiwo sinabantu abanzima, esiyinyama, esithambileyo, kumakhowe amadala kungcono kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Amakhowe amhlophe aqukethe inani elikhulu lamaminerali, ama-micro-macronutrients. Kodwa ngemva kokuqoqa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okhethekile, ngokushesha ulahlekelwe yizo zonke lezi zinto. - emva kwamahora angu-10 kuyoba nengxenye yenzuzo kuwo!
Njengoba i-mushroom emhlophe inezinambitheka ezinhle kakhulu, ifaneleka kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokupheka - lungawomiswa futhi lwakhiwe, lufakwe futhi luphekwe.
Zijwayele ngezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ezizuzisayo zezinhlanzi, futhi ufunde ukuthi ungabafisa kanjani ebusika.

I-Oyster Spring

Kubizwa nangokuthi i-oyster mushroom beech, i-oyster mushroom emhlophe ne-oyster mushroom pulmonary. Izikhulumi zesiNgisi zibiza le mushroom ye-mushroom ye-mushroom, futhi abantu baseJapane bayibiza. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-oyster amakhowe, lokhu kungasetshenziswa kakhulu emvelweni. Izithelo entwasahlobo, ikakhulukazi kakhulu - ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ejwayelekile kunazo zonke emahlathini amancane. Ikhula phezu kwezihlahla ezibolayo; ngokuvamile kaningi yi-birch, i-oki ne-aspen, ngezinye izikhathi i-conifers.

Sikukwazisa ukuba ujwayele izindlela zokukhula amakhowe ama-oyster ekhaya ezikhwameni, kanye nezindlela zokubanda futhi ukomile amakhowe ama-oyster.

Ukubukeka:

  1. Isigqoko sinesisindo esingu-4 cm kuya ku-8 cm, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi singakhula sibe ngu-15 cm. Umbala ulula, ukhilimu, ucwebekile, uphuzi kancane kumakhowe amadala. Emaphethelweni we-cap ancane kakhulu kunengxenye ephakathi nenyama futhi ahlehla phansi.
  2. Umlenze - omfishane kakhulu, awukho ngaphezu kwe-2 cm. Isisekelo salo sihamba kancane. It has extension kusuka phansi kuya phezulu, ngokuvamile evambile kuya ohlangothini. Amapulangwe e-Hymenophore ayatholakali atholakale futhi awehlela phansi phansi komlenze.
  3. Inyama isinyene futhi isemanzini, cishe umbala ofanayo ne-cap.
Ama-mushroom e-oyster akhula emithini emaqenjini amakhulu. Abameleli basolwandle bahlangana ngokungenakwenzeka. I-oyster mushroom inhle kakhulu empilweni, ngaphandle kwayo futhi umkhiqizo ophansi wekhalori ofanelana nalabo abalandela ukudla. Ama-mushroom e-Oyster athandwa kakhulu emahokisini amaningi. Zingafakwa okuthosiwe, abilisiwe, ziphekwe, ziphekwe. Bengezwa inyama, ukuhlobisa, ama-pie kanye nama-buns, amazambane kanye nemifino, enziwe izobho.

I-Raincoat

Bayibiza ngokuthi i-rainforest giant, i-raincoat enkulu, i-raincoat eyindilinga, i-giant head giant, noma i-Langermania enkulu. Lena ngempela amakhowe amakhulu afinyelela ububanzi ukusuka ku-20 cm kuya ku-50 cm futhi angaba ngu-10 kg. It siqukethe ngokuphelele umzimba fruiting. Izithelo kulo lonke ihlobo kuze kufike ngo-Okthoba. Ungayithola emaphethelweni e-pine ne-birch, futhi itholakala emadlelweni nasemagqabeni. Uthanda umhlabathi ocebile we-nitrogen.

Thola ukuthi i-mushroom yembobo yemvula ibonakala kanjani nokuthi ikhula kuphi.

Ukubukeka:

  1. Hat - engekho njengoba kunjalo. I-mushroom yonke iyisidumbu esikhulu sesithelo esimweni sepeyari noma ibhola. Umbala unombala weqhwa, kodwa uma uneminyaka ubudala uphenduka ophuzi; kubamele abakudala kakhulu kuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuthinta okuphezulu kubushelelezi, kuvumelana.
  2. Umlenze - awukho.
  3. Inyama i-snow-white, njengoba kunjalo nomzimba wesithelo ngokwawo, ukhululekile futhi unwebeka. It has a elimnandi futhi elimnandi kakhulu futhi ukunambitheka. Njengoba ubudala buphenduka buphuzi, kuba i-beige, kumakhowe amadala kakhulu kunombala obunundu.
I-Raincoat ingakwazi ukugcwalisa ngokuphelele ukudla, ngoba iyasiza futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu emithi. Unomphumela ocacile wokulimala, osiza ngomdlavuza, uhlanza umzimba wezinto eziyingozi, owenzelwe isifo sikashukela. Kodwa ukupheka le makhowe akusifisi, ngoba uma ubilisa, njengeponji, ithola amanzi amaningi futhi ingabi nhlobo. Ngokuba ukudoba kwama-raincoat kuphelele. Okokuqala udinga ukususa igobolondo, futhi usike izingxenyana zenyama, okubekwa othosiwe ekuguleni. Futhi, ikhanda lingabe lomile - loma kahle futhi ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile! Ekudleni kukhona ama-raincoats amancane kuphela ane inyama emhlophe. Uma inyama isivele iluhlaza kancane, le khowa ayikwazi ukudliwa!

Chanterelle

Futhi i-chanterelle yangempela noma i-cockerel. Ama-chanterelles angakhohlwayo futhi agqamile akumelwe adideke namanye amakhowe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziphephile ngokuphelele futhi aziqukethe izinambuzane nezimpethu. Futhi konke ngoba ekubunjweni kwalezi fungi kunesisulu se-cinnamonosis, esibulala zonke izinambuzane. I-Chanterelles ingaqoqwa eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala kaJuni, bese kuphela kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba. Bathanda amahlathi axutshwe ne-coniferous. Amaqoqo athululela emva kokuduma kwezulu. Ngokuvamile ungathola ukuthi ikhula emasimini, izinqwaba zamaqabunga awile, utshani obukhulu, ngaphansi kwama-oki, amaphayini kanye nezihlahla. Ukuthanda kakhulu umswakama kanye namanzi. Khula ngamaqembu amakhulu. Ukubukeka:

  1. Isigqoko sinesisindo sobubanzi obuyi-5 cm kuya ku-12 cm. Umbala uvame uketshezi, kepha kukhona futhi ophuzi ophuzi. Iqukethe "isambulela esiphenduliwe" - i-concave, njengokungathi icindezelwe ngaphakathi, ngesimo esingavamile, nge-wavy, emaphethelweni aphikisiwe. Kwenzeka ngesimo se-funnel. Izwa ubushelelezi. Le ikhasi lihlukaniswe nobunzima. Ihamba kancane emlenzeni, kungekho mingcele ebonakalayo.
  2. Umlenze - kuze kufike ku-10 cm ubude, kuze kube ngu-3 cm ubukhulu obuqinile, obuqinile, ukwandisa phezulu. Ngesikhwama sonke. Umbala uvame ukufana nekhanda, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kukhanya kancane. Amapulangwe ase-hymophore kancane kancane aphuma ekhanda emlenzeni.
  3. Inyama iqine, ikhululekile, inyama. Mhlawumbe ungabandakanyeka kancane emthini. Umbala uvame ukumhlophe, ngezinye izikhathi ube ophuzi omncane. Uma ucindezela ku-pulp ekunqunyiwe, endaweni yokucindezela izophenduka. I-mushroom ebomvu inephunga elimnandi lezithelo ezomile kanye nambitheka kancane.
I-Chanterelles iyinambitha kakhulu. Bangabilisa, gazinga, bhala futhi bhaka. Ziyisiphuzo esiphundu kwifomu ekheniwe noma usawoti. Kodwa ama-chanterelles omisiwe awawathinti kakhulu ukunambitheka, njengoba beba nzima kakhulu futhi bethandeka njengenjoloba. Kungcono ukugcina ama-chanterelles efomini efriziwe - ngale ndlela bazolondoloza zonke izithako zabo eziwusizo futhi ukunambitheka kwabo ngeke kuhlasele.

Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde mayelana nokuthi i-chanterelles ikhula kanjani, ukuthi iyabasiza kangakanani, nokuthi ingamakhela kanjani futhi ifake ama-chanterelles ekhaya.

Isitsha se-Butter

Igama le-fungus liyazikhulumela - libukeka linamafutha, elikhanyayo, elikhanyayo. Ukuqoqa ama-boletus engxenyeni yokuqala kaJuni, nakuba amanye angase avele ngo-Meyi. Kodwa okwamanje inkathi yama-mushroom iqala ukupheka ehlobo futhi ihlala kuze kube sekwindla, okungukuthi, kuze kube sezulu sokuqala esibanda kakhulu. Ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nokuningi kwamafutha emahlathini ephayini esifundeni saseTarasovsky, eduze kwaseMillerovo, eNizzhnekundryuchenskaya naseVeshenskaya. Kodwa abangekho emthunzini othanda kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukubheka lawa amakhowe emaphethelweni amahlathi, eduze nemigwaqo nemigwaqo yamahlathi, ekuhlanjululeni nasezihlahleni ezincane zezihlahla ze-coniferous. Ukubukeka:

  1. I-cap isayizi ngobukhulu, ububanzi obukhulu bufinyelela ku-15 cm. Inombono we-hemispherical, ngezikhathi ezithile ezitholakala zihambisana. Ukukhula, kuba njengomkhumbi. Ikhanda limbozwe isikhumba esincane, esicwebezelayo nesicwebezelayo, esiyinkimbinkimbi ekuthinteni. Umbala uvame ukuguqulwa futhi kuxhomeke ezimweni eziningi - uhlobo lwezinkuni, inani lokukhanya, uhlobo lwamafutha, ngakho-ke luphuzi kancane, lu-ocher, lubomvu futhi lubomvu. Ngezinye izikhathi ungathola ukuguqulwa kombala namabala okudambisa umbala oyinhloko. I-Hymenophore tubular.
  2. Umlenze - ubude buya kusuka ku-4 cm kuya ku-10 cm, futhi ububanzi bufinyelela ku-4 cm. Umbala ubumhlophe, kodwa ubumnyama phansi, ungafana nombala we-cap. Ngezinye izikhathi umlenze ubonakala ubonakala ngenxa yetshezi elimhlophe eliye lavela kuma-pores futhi liqhwa.
  3. Inyama ithambile kodwa inene kakhulu. Umbala ubumhlophe futhi uphuzi. Ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, umbala ungase uguqule i-hule bluish noma ebomvu. I-pulp engavamile kaningi ayinakho, ezimweni ezingavamile, iphunga njengezinaliti.
Imizuzu engu-15-20 - kungakanani isikhathi esithatha ukupheka ibhotela. Zingafakwa ezitsheni, gazinga kanye nesobho, bhaka futhi ubilise. Aphansi kwamakhalori, kodwa aqukethe amavithamini, amaminerali, ngisho nama-antibiotic kanye ne-aphrodisiacs.
Uyazi? Phenylethylamine - izinto ezibangela umuzwa wokuthandana. Iqukethwe ku-boletus enobungozi futhi isebenza njenge-aphrodisiac.

Kwangathi ungamakhowe

Eyaziwa nangokuthi ryadovka kungenzeka, i-george mushroom ne-calocibe kungenzeka. Le mushroom ivela lapho konke okunye kusekude nefruiting, okungukuthi entwasahlobo, phakathi kukaMeyi. Kodwa ihlobo lamaMayeviki liphela ngokuphelele. Ikhula ngamaqembu noma imigqa, ecacile elandelwa egameni (umugqa), ifomu imibuthano enotshani. Calociba kwenzeka yonke indawo, hhayi kuphela emahlathini. Itholakala emaphethelweni ehlathi, emagqumeni, ema-steppes nasemadolobheni, eduze nemigwaqo nemigwaqo. Lezi amakhowe zingakhula ngisho egcekeni, emagqeni noma ensimini. Kodwa-ke, abaqoqi be-mushroom abafuni ngempela ukuhamba lawa amakhowe, ngoba ngaphandle kwakhe, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, cishe akukho nezinye izinhlobo ezifunyenwe, ngakho-ke umuntu angabuyela ekhaya nge "catch" encane kakhulu.

Kuyothakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi amakhowe akhule ezindaweni zaseVolgograd, eSaratov, eLeningrad, eKaliningrad naseBashkiria.

Ukubukeka:

  1. I-Hat - enobubanzi obuvela ku-4 cm kuya ku-10 cm, umbala omhlophe noma ukhilimu. Ifomu igobile, i-hemispherical, ngezinye izikhathi ifakwe emaphoyiseni. Ukuthinta i-cap isomile futhi kunalokho kubushelelezi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungase kube yindlala, ivuleke; emaphethelweni angagujwa futhi aphethwe amandla.
  2. Umlenze ubufushane futhi ubukhulu, kusuka ku-2 cm kuya ku-7 cm ubude futhi kusuka ku-1 cm kuya ku-3 cm ubukhulu. Kubonakala buhle futhi buqinile. Umbala uvame ukufana nalokho wekhanda, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhanya kancane.
  3. Inyama imhlophe, iminyene kakhulu, inzima. It has ukunambitheka mealy ehlukile futhi iphunga.
Ukunambitheka kanye nephunga elithile kwenza i-Calocybe mushroom "i-amateur." Kodwa ama-gourmets akholelwa ukuthi ukunambitheka kwawo akuvamile futhi kuhle kakhulu. Kwangathi amakhowe aphekwe ngezindlela ezahlukene - abilisiwe futhi ethosiwe, usawoti. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ususe iphunga elithile le-mealy, udinga ukubilisa emanzini anosawoti okungenani imizuzu engu-30.

I-monkey yasebusika

Bayibiza ngokuthi i-collibium-foot foot, i-flammulin-foot foot and mushroom ebusika. Ikhula phezu kweziqu zemithi - kwabafileyo, abonakaliswe futhi babuthakathaka. Ngokuvamile kaningi emagqumeni kanye nama-poplars. Uchitha izinkuni zomuthi. Ikhula emaqenjini amakhulu, ngakho-ke akunzima ukuyithola, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-thaws. Isikhathi samakhomikhali ku-honey agaric sithatha kusukela ekwindla kuya entwasahlobo. Lezi amakhowe zikhetha izinkuni. Kutholakale kakhulu esifundeni saseSemikarakorsky nasezindaweni ezisogwini zeDon.

Ukubukeka:

  1. I-cap inesisindo esiphakathi no-2 cm kuya ku-10 cm. Umbala uphuzi, kungenzeka ube nokungcoliswa kwe-orange noma i-tint brownish. Ukuma kwe-convex, ehlangene namaphethelo phansi, igxuma ngobudala. Inezigcawu ezingavamile ezihluka ngobude obuhlukene futhi zingaba ocher noma ezimhlophe. Umehluko omkhulu ovela kwezinye izinhlobo zamakhowe kungukuthi akukho okuthiwa "isikhwama" ngaphansi kwebhokisi.
  2. Umlenze - omude futhi omncane. Ukuphakama kuvela ku-2 cm kuya ku-7 cm, futhi ububanzi bungaphansi kwe-1 cm. Umbala ophezulu phezulu ngaphansi kwekhanda unombala ophuzi futhi unobunxele ngezansi. Ibukeka futhi bubukeka, bukhulu.
  3. Inyama iluphuzi, cishe imhlophe.
Amakhomikhali angabambisana nezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi zemifula ngokuqukethwe kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus. Ziwusizo futhi zihlwabusayo, ziyizifo eziphikisayo zemvelo, lapho zincintisana khona ngempumelelo negalikhi. Amakhowe alungiswa ngokuyinhloko ngendlela yokuthosa, ukusawoti nokuhamba ngezinyawo. Noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi banomlenze onzima kakhulu phansi, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukupheka kuphela izigqoko. Ungagcina lawa amakhowe efrijini.

I-Boletus

Ibizwa ngokuhlukile nge-aspen noma e-redhead. Leli howa libizwa igama layo kusukela endaweni yokukhula, ngoba likhetha ukukhula kakhulu ngaphansi kwe-aspens, futhi ngenxa yokuthi umbala wekhanda layo ufana kakhulu namaqabunga ekwindla. I-Aspen ivame kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi likhula ngamaqembu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi lilodwa ngenye. Ikhetha amahlumela anamanzi - axutshwe futhi acwebile, ikakhulukazi asezindaweni eziphansi. Ungayithola enotshani obukhulu, emahlathini asebusuku, eceleni komgwaqo wehlathi noma emasimini. Amakhulu ama-mushroom atholakale emahlathini ase-aspen ngaseKamensk. Izithelo, kusukela phakathi noJuni bese kuphele ekuwa.

Zijwayele ngezinhlobo zamakhowe ase-aspen, futhi ufunde nokuthi ungayibona kanjani i-aspen yamanga.

Ukubukeka:

  1. Isigqoko - kuye ngokuthi uhlobo luvela ku-5 cm kuya ku-30 ​​cm. Ukuma kuyisimo se-hemispherical, ihlala ngokuqinile emlenzeni, njengokungathi uyamukela. Ikhumbuza i-thimble ngomunwe. Ku-fungum omdala omdala, umumo uba umlotha, u-convex, futhi kulabo asebekhulile kakhulu kuphuma ngokuphawulekayo. Umbala walo ukhumbuza amaqabunga ekwindla - i-orange, i-brownish, ibomvu-obomvu, ikhofi. Uzizwa ugayekile futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukhululekile ekuthinteni, kodwa uhlale unomile. Ikhasi alisusiwe.
  2. Umlenze uphakeme kakhulu, ufinyelela ukuphakama kwama-22 cm. Unomlenze wezinyosi futhi ukhulula phansi. Ihlanganiswe ngezingqinamba ezincane ezinombala omnyama omnyama.
  3. I-pulp - inesakhiwo esinyene futhi esinomzimba, kunalokho kunesisindo. Umbala ubomhlophe, kodwa ekunqunyeni uguqula umthunzi wawo ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ekugcineni uphenduke obumnyama.
Lokhu kungenye yama-mushroom amnandi kakhulu. Kuzo zilungiselela izitsha eziningi ezahlukene. Zingaphekwa, zithosiwe, ziboshwe, zifakwe emanzini anosawoti, zifakwe usawoti, zifakwe ku-isobho, zengezwe kuma-saladi, zifakwe efrijini ukuze zigcinwe noma zime.

I-ginger yangempela

Amakhowe amhlophe kakhulu, ebonakalayo ebonakalayo futhi enambitheka kakhulu. Amakhowe akhula enhlabathini enhlabathini. Amahlathi eConiferous ayethandwa, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi angatholakala ehlathini likapine. Iningi livame ukukhula ngaphansi kwemifino nemifino encane, ikakhulukazi enyakatho yezihlahla. Lezi amakhowe zikhula njalo ngamaqembu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo azange zivuthwe. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uma uthola ikamela elilodwa, khona-ke kwenye indawo enotshani noma ngaphansi kwamaqabunga amaningana abanye abantu bafihla. Isikhathi se-fruiting siphelela ekupheleni kukaJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kuqhubeka kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Esigabeni saseRostov, ukugxila kwabo okuyinhloko kuseduze nomzana waseDegtevo esifundeni saseMillerovo.

Amakhowe asolisiwe ebusika.

Ukubukeka:

  1. I-cap isifike ku-15 cm ububanzi. It has a concave shape ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, emaphethelweni bend phansi. Umbala we-cap ungaba ophuzi, obomvu ne-orange-obomvu. It uzizwa unamathele futhi ubushelelezi. Amacwecwe afaka umlenze, avame futhi anene kakhulu.
  2. Umlenze - kusuka ku-7 cm kuya ku-9 cm ubude. Ukuma kwe-cylindrical, nge-outless ngaphakathi. I-fragile kakhulu, ingahle iqhume uma icindezelwe.
  3. Inyama ekuqaleni i-orange, ekhanyayo, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yezinqubo ze-oxidation, iguqula umbala futhi iba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Iphunga aliyona impela, kodwa ukunambitheka kuyisihlungu, kunika i-tartness.
I-Ryzhiki, njengamanye amakhowe anomsoco kunazo zonke, iphekwe ngokuhlukile. Zifanele noma yiziphi izitsha futhi zizojabulisa njalo nge-flavor amakhowe agqamile.
Kubalulekile! Ryzhiki - kuphela amakhowe ukuthi, lapho usawoti, usulungele ukudla emasontweni amabili!

Umzila we-Lilovonogaya

Ibizwa ngokuhlukile - i-trichomol, irowu emibili yethoni, umlenze obomvu, i-blue-tip, impande eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lawa amakhowe abizwa ngokuthi ama-arrays ngenxa yemvelo yokukhula kwawo: akhula ngamaqembu amakhulu ngendlela yemigqa. Часто располагаются настолько близко друг к другу, что шляпка одного гриба может накрывать сверху шляпку другого. Плодоносит синяя ножка в Ростовской области с начала осени, а пропадает с первыми существенными похолоданиями. Ikakhulukazi kakhulu iTrochomol itholakala ehlathini laseSikkin eduze ne-Orbital nasesifundazweni saseChertkovsky. Ziyakhula emhlabathini, njengenhlabathi yomhlabathi nehlabathi. Ihlathi likhetha ukuzincipha, ikakhulukazi uma linomlotha omningi.

Marinate, futhi thola ukuthi ukunambitheka kunobunandi obomvu, bomhlaba, obuluhlaza, obomvu, obumpunga no-poplar.

Ukubukeka:

  1. I-cap - ubukhulu buhlukahluka kusuka ku-6 cm kuya ku-15 cm, ezimweni ezingavamile ukuthi kufinyelele ngisho no-25 cm. Okuphezulu kunombala ophuzi, eduze kwe-beige, i-purple encane phezulu. Ukuthinta kuyabushelela. Amapulangwe angaphansi angaphansi kwe-hymenophore aphezulu kakhulu futhi anzima, nombala wabo ukhilimu.
  2. Umlenze - ukuphakama kusuka ku-5 cm kuya ku-10 cm, futhi ubukhulu bungaba ngu-3 cm. Izinduna zinezindwangu ezibonakala ngokucacile emlenzeni. Umbala - obomvu, obonakalayo.
  3. Inyama ingcono inyama. Umbala unombala obomvu, umbala ompunga futhi omsulwa. Ukunambitheka kwakhe kuyamnandi, kumnandi kancane, futhi iphunga lifana nesiphunga sezithelo ezintsha.
Lesi synergist sinomthelela omuhle emzimbeni, uma ngezinye izikhathi kungeniswa ekudleni. Igalela ekusimeni komuthi wamathumbu kanye nokubuyiselwa kwamangqamuzana e-isibindi, ihlanza umzimba wezinyosi. Rowdokov kufanelekile ukulungiselela izitsha eziningi - othosiwe futhi abilisiwe. Zingafakwa kwizisobho, ama-saladi, zikhonjiswe ngokuzimela ekuhlotsheni. Ebusika bangakhanjiswa noma badonsa.
Uyazi? I-Matsutake - okubizwa ngokuthi i-ryadovka yaseJapane. Ezweni leSuku Enyukayo, leli khowa libizwa ngokuthi li-truffle emazweni aseYurophu; ngezinye izikhathi izindleko zekhophi eyodwa zifinyelela kuma- $ 100.

Okuningi

I-Calm nayo ibizwa futhi. Amakhowe angavamile, ekuseni kakhulu futhi ngezinye izikhathi akhuthaza ukungathembeki ngokubukeka kwawo. Kodwa-ke, zidliwayo futhi zinambitha kakhulu. Ama-Morels angatholakala emahlathini e-coniferous nasezintabeni, ikakhulukazi ama-alders kanye nezihlahla ze-aspen zifanelekile. Inhlabathi ikhetha ama-humus futhi inamanzi kakhulu, kodwa ingakhula emhlabathini onesihlabathi noma kumhlaba ophazamisekile-ngokwesibonelo, ezindaweni zokucima umlilo, emithambekeni yemifula namagquma, emigodini noma eceleni komgwaqo, ekuhlanzeni nasekuhlanjululeni. Insimu yezithelo ze-apula ezilahlekile zizokhanga ngokukhethekile kuma-morels. Isikhathi sokuqala se-fruiting sisukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ezinsukwini zokuqala zasehlobo, noma kunjalo, uma entwasahlobo ifudumele kakhulu, ama-morels angase avele ekupheleni kuka-Mashi. Zitholakala yonke indawo emahlathini ehlathini noma ezindaweni ezinamanzi nezikhukhula ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba iqhwa licibilike futhi umhlabathi uphazamise kancane.

Imingcele nemigqa: indlela yokuhlukanisa lawa amakhowe.

Ukubukeka:

  1. I-cap ayinamahlombe futhi idonswa kakhulu, kusuka ku-5 cm kuya ku-10 cm ukuphakama no-3 cm kuya ku-8 cm ububanzi. Ukuma ngokuvamile kuvame isimo se-cone, esibucayi kakhulu, ngamangqamuzana ajulile. Umbala ubukhulu obomvu, kepha ungaba mnyama, u-o-ocher, u-greyish, unombala obomvu, omnyama omnyama. Emaphethelweni amangqamuzana ngokuvamile anemibala emnyama noma emnyama.
  2. Umlenze - ukuphakama kusuka ku-3 cm kuya ku-7 cm, futhi ubukhulu obuvela ku-1.5 cm kuya ku-3 cm. Ukukhanya, cishe kumhlophe ebuncane, beige noma okwesibhakabhaka kumbala kubantu asebekhulile, futhi kumakhowe avuthiwe kakhulu kuba mnyama futhi i-powdery. Ngaphakathi komlenze awukho ngokuphelele futhi ukhula ndawonye ne-cap ibe yunithi eyodwa. Ukubunjwa kwe-cylindrical, kancane kwanyuka kuya kwesisekelo.
  3. Inyama yimibala ekhanyayo, mhlawumbe imhlophe, i-beige, iphuzi eliphuzi. I-consistency yaxy, i-fragile kakhulu nethenda.
Ama-Morels ayikwazi ukudliwa aluhlaza. Kumelwe bathathe ukwelashwa okushisa. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, kuhle ukuwabilisa okungenani ihora. Ungomisa, kodwa kulokhu, ukupheka akudingeki.

Ama-mushroom wehlathi

Kubantu kuthiwa i-cap noma ugogo. Enye yezinhlobo ezidumile kakhulu zamakhowe. Thola ukuthi akulona nzima kakhulu, ngoba kunokusabalalisa okubanzi. Ikhula emakoloni amakhulu anezinsimbi, kanye nemigqa, yokwenza okuthiwa "imibuthano yobuthakathi". Ngokuvamile, i-champignon ingatholakala eduze kwe-anthills. Isikhathi sokuhluma se-mushroom ehlathini siqala engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo futhi sihlala kuze kube yilapho kuqala ukushisa okubandayo, okuvame ukwenzeka ngo-Okthoba. Ikhetha ukukhula emahlathini axutshweyo nama-coniferous, kodwa emahlathini ahlukumezayo ungathola abameli abodwa kuphela. Esigabeni saseRostov kuvame ukutholakala esifundeni saseChertkovsky.

Ukubukeka:

  1. Isikhwama sisuka ku-7 cm kuya ku-10 cm usayizi. Amakhowe amancane anefomu elimnyama noma elihlotshiswe ngebell, kodwa uma lidala livula futhi livule. Umbala - unombala obomvu, obomvu, ohlangene nokugqwala. Isigqoko sinzima futhi somile kulokhu okuthinta, njengoba kuhlanganiswe nezilinganiso ezincane ezimnyama. I-Hymenophor yenzeke njengokukhanya, okumhlophe, nokubomvu.
  2. Umlenze awukona isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngokuvamile uvame ukukhula ngaphezu kuka-6 cm, awukho ngaphezu kwe-1.5 cm ubukhulu. Unomumo wesigxili, lapho ukufiphaza kancane kumafomu asekelwe khona.
  3. Inyama imhlophe ngombala, kodwa uma isika, i-oxidizes futhi ishintsha umthunzi ube obomvu. I-flavour ecacile, ehlanzekile, efana ne-aniseed.
Ama-champignon ahlukahlukene kakhulu ekuphekeni futhi afaneleke ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokwelapha okushisa - aqoshiwe, omisiwe, efriziwe, anewosa, asetshenziselwa izitsha eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Zingadliwa ngisho eziluhlaza.

Inedible, amakhowe anobuthi

Isifunda saseRostov asicebile nje kuphela kumakhowe anambithekayo, anempilo namadli. Ngaphezu kwabo, ukungatholakali, noma nje izilwane ezinobuthi ngokuvamile kutholakala lapha. Futhi ukuze uhlasele ngengozi "umngane" oyingozi ebhasikidi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi uluhlobo luni lwamakhowe, ukuluhlukanisa kanjani "nabalingani" abadlayo, yiziphi izindawo futhi ngesikhathi sithwala izithelo.

I-grebe yama-Pale

Abantu baqamba ngokuthi i-white agaric ne-mushroom eluhlaza. Enye yezinyosi eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni. Nakuba abantu bevame ukungcoliswa ubuthi nge-toadstool, kwezinye izimo, ukufa kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke ngaphezu kuka-90%. I-toadstool idideka kalula namanye amakhowe adlekayo - amakhowe kanye nezikhwama.

Kuwusizo ukufunda - ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani i-toadstool evelele.

Inkathi ye-fruiting e-toadstool iqala eminyakeni eyishumi ehlobo yasehlobo futhi ihlala kuze kube isikhathi lapho amakhaza ekwindla ehlala eqinile. Ikhetha amahlathi amabi kakhulu ezindaweni zokuhlala, ikakhulukazi ezinama-beeches amaningi kanye nama-hornbeams. Okuthandayo inhlabathi yomhlabathi. Ngokuvamile ingatholakala ezindaweni zokupaka. Esigabeni saseRostov sivame kakhulu enyakatho. Ukubukeka:

  1. Ikhanda liyi-5 cm kuya ku-15 cm ububanzi. Liyi-hemispherical shape futhi lithinta iminyaka yobudala. It has edge edge. Umbala uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umnqumo, umbala. Kumathinta, ubuso bubonakala sengathi bubukhali.
  2. Umlenze - unamamitha ayisishiyagalombili kuya ku-16 ububanzi obukhulu kakhulu, ububanzi obukhulu ukusuka ku-1 cm kuya ku-2.5 cm. Ifomu linesigxili, kodwa liyancipha phansi ngesimo sesikhwama. Ngokuvame ukumbozwa ngamaphethini omumo. Umbala mhlophe noma ufana nekhanda.
  3. Inyama imhlophe. Uma kunqunywa, umbala emoyeni awushintshi, uhlale umhlophe. I-meaty enhle. Unomsebenzi ongenakuqhathaniswa, kodwa othakazelisayo wama-mushroom kanye nokunambitheka okuncane.
Ukuze uhlukanise i-toadstool kusuka e-champignon, udinga ukubheka amapuleti we-hymenophore - ku-champignon bashintsha umbala ube mnyama ngobudala, futhi ku-toadstool bahlale beba mhlophe. Kusukela emachwebeni ama-syroezhek ayahlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwesibonelo se-moire emlenzeni.

I-Royal Amanita

Isikhunta esinobungozi esibangela ubuthi obukhulu. Ngokuyinhloko ikhula emahlathini e-coniferous. Ikhula ngokuyinhloko ngaphansi kwezihlahla kanye nezinhlayiya. Ngezinye izikhathi zingatholakala ehlathini elixubekile. Emgodini okhuni - lena isimenywa esivamile kakhulu, futhi ngisho nakwamanye amazwe lapho kukhona khona ama-birches. Ubungasese bomhlabathi. Ngokuvamile ikhula singly. Iqala ukuthela izithelo phakathi no-Julayi, futhi iyanyamalala kuphela ekwindla. Kwabiwa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasentshonalanga. Ukubukeka:

  1. Isikhwama sisuka ku-7 cm kuya ku-20 cm. Ezilwaneni ezincane libukeka njengeqanda futhi liqinile ngokucindezela emlenzeni. Njengoba ivule iminyaka, iphenduka i-hemispherical, i-fungus endala ithambile futhi ingase ibe ne-concave engxenyeni ephakathi. Yonke indawo igcwele ama-flakes amhlophe noma ama-warts. Umbala u-brownish, ophuzi obomvu, ocher-ophuzi, o-brown-ocher, phakathi nendawo unemibala enobunandi obuhlaza.
  2. Umlenze - ukuphakama kusuka ku-9 cm ukuya ku-20 cm, ubukhulu kusuka ku-1 cm kuya ku-2.5 cm. Ngezansi kukhona ukuqina okucacile ngendlela yebhola noma iqanda. Ngaphansi kwekhanda kune "skirt". Umlenze ngokwawo unobuso obuvuthayo, obunamafutha. Umbala umhlophe noma cishe umhlophe.
  3. I-pulp - inemibala enombala obomvu, ngezinye izikhathi i-ocher, umnqumo, iphuzi eliphuzi noma eliphuzi elimhlophe. Akanayo ukunambitheka okhethekile. Ukungaguquguquki kunomzimba, kepha kunzima.
Uyazi? Naphezu kokuba zonke izinhlobo ze-agarics fly zibhekwa njengezinobuthi futhi ezingenakulungiswa, ezikhathini zasendulo, ngaphansi kokuhola komlawuli wamaRoma uLucullus, owazicabanga ukuthi u-gourmet, enye yezinhlobo zaleli amakhowe, esaziwa ngokuthi i-mushroom kaKesari noma i-mushroom kaKesari, yayidliwe etafuleni.

Amanita obomvu

Le fly agaric akuyona nje enobuthi, kodwa futhi iqukethe izinto psychoactive. Inani lobuthi kulo akulona elikhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ukuze libulawe, umuntu udinga ukudla okungenani izicucu ezingu-15. Noma kunjalo, izinto eziqukethwe ku-fungus zibangelwa ubuthi emzimbeni, zikhiqize umphumela we-dissociative ne hypnotic, futhi zivusa ukufa kwamangqamuzana obuchopho. I-fly agaric ebomvu ithanda inhlabathi enomuncu nomuncu. Ukhula kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamahlathi, kodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukutholakala nge-symbiosis nge-spruce, i-birch, i-Willow kanye ne-oak. Ngokuvamile itholakala ngisho nasepaki noma esiteshini eliseduzane. Inkathi ekhulayo iqala kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba.

Amanita - izinhlobo nezindawo zokwelapha.

Ukubukeka:

  1. Isikhwama sisuka ku-8 cm kuya ku-20 cm ububanzi, esitokisini esincane sibukeka njengebhola elifakwe emlenzeni. Njengoba ivule iminyaka, i-flattens, ifana ne-saucer, i-concave ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Umbala - obomvu, okhanyayo, ungabomvu-orange. Isikhumba sibushelelezi futhi sithobekile, sinamathele futhi sinamaqabunga, sigcwele ama-flakes amhlophe aphezulu phezulu.
  2. Umlenze ubude futhi uwuncane, ungaba u-8 cm kuya ku-20 cm ubude futhi ufike ku-2.5 cm ubukhulu. Umbala unombala omhlophe noma ophuzi. Ngezansi kukhona ukuqina ngesimo se-tuber. Ekuvuthweni ngaphakathi kungenalutho.
  3. Inyama imhlophe imhlophe, kodwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba se-cap unombala ophuzi ophuzi ophuzi. Ukunambitheka kuyamnandi, kepha ukunambitheka kubuthakathaka futhi akubonakala kahle.

Umzila we-Sulfuric

Kubizwa nangokuthi yi-sulfure sulfide noma isibabule ophuzi. Imigqa eminingi yiyo amakhowe adlayo. Kodwa phakathi kwazo akuzona izinhlobo eziyinqaba futhi ezinobuthi. I-sulfuric acid inobuthi obukhulu - inobuthi obuphansi futhi ibangela ubuthi obulula. Itholakala emahlathini axutshwe noma acwebileyo. Ukuqapha ngokucophelela okudingeka ube khona, ukufuna amakhowe ngaphansi kwezikhonkwane nama-oki, ngaphansi kwamapayipi nama-firs, ngoba ngaphansi kwalezi zihlahla ukuthi imigqa yesulfure ifuna ukuxazulula. Isikhathi se-fruiting siphezu kwenkathi yamakhowe futhi siphelela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba kuya kwi-frosts yokuqala eyingozi.

Ukubukeka:

  1. I-cap inesisindo sobubanzi obuyi-3 cm kuya ku-8 cm. I-convex ifomu, i-hemispherical, i-flattens, ivuleka ngobudala futhi ingaba nesigcawu esikhungweni. Unombala ophuzi ophuzi, oneminyaka yobudala obunzima noma obuncane. Ukuze uthinte i-cap ishelele futhi ivulekile.
  2. Umlenze unomzimba omncane futhi ubude, ungaba kusuka ku-3 cm kuya ku-11 cm ubude futhi kusuka ku-0.5 cm kuya ku-1.8 cm ubukhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi kuqondile, ngezinye izikhathi kugxila phansi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi - phezulu. Umbala awuyona eyunifomu - phezulu uphuzi okhanyayo, futhi ngezansi kukhona okuphuzi okomvu. Ngezinye izikhathi kuhlanganiswe nezikali ezincane uma zikhula.
  3. Inyama iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-sulfur ephuzi embala. It has a elizwakala iphunga elimangalisayo - lingase iphunga like hydrogen sulfide, tar. Ukunambitheka kuyamangalisa, okubabayo, kungase kube ne-mealy tinge.

Izindawo zamakhompi esifundeni seRostov

Kuyo yonke indawo yaseRostov, amakhowe ajwayelekile - nansi indawo efanelekayo nesimo sezulu esihle. Kodwa kwezinye izindawo ukuzingelwa ngamakhowe kungaphumelela ngokukhethekile. Okokuqala, lezi zihlanganisa:

  • Isifunda saseMillerovsky, ikakhulukazi emzaneni waseDyogtevo, emasimini asepine edolobheni laseMillerovo;
  • amadlelo aseKamensk-Shakhtinsky;
  • Isifunda saseChertkovsky;
  • amakhowe amaningi ahlukene emasimini asepine emzaneni waseNizhnekunduchenskaya;
  • Isifunda saseTarasovsky;
  • Isifunda saseSemikarakorsky;
  • indawo engasogwini lweDon;
  • Ihlathi leSikini eRostov-on-Don.
Uyazi? Amakhowe - esinye sezidalwa zasendulo kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ngoba iminyaka yabo idlula iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-400. Babekhona kanye nama-fern ezinsukwini zama-dinosaurs, kodwa, ngokungafani nama-fern, akugcini nje kuphela ukuthi aphelile, kodwa awazange ahlehlise ngisho. Kukholelwa ukuthi zonke izinhlobo ezikhona ezikhathini zangaphambili zisalondolozwa.

Imithetho yokukhetha amakhompiyutha

Ngisho nabaqoqi be-mushroom abanolwazi abaqinisekisiwe ukuthi i-mushroom enobuthi ayikho ebhasikisini labo, futhi abaqalayo baqhubeka nokunye. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, amakhowe adle angabuye abe nonobuthi futhi awonakele impilo. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, udinga ukwazi imithetho eyisisekelo yokuqoqa amakhowe:

  1. Uma ungumqali, funda ngokucophelela izincwadi nemifanekiso yamakhowe ngaphambi kokuzingela amakhowe, ukuze ukwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokushesha ulaka oluvela eziphephile. Noma thatha nawe umkhiqizo we-mushroom onomnandi futhi onolwazi.
  2. Amakhowe athola kakhulu izinto ezinobungozi nezinsimbi ezinzima, ngakho-ke akufanele neze ukhethe amakhowe edolobheni, eduze nemigwaqo namafemu, ngoba kulokhu, ngisho nezinhlobo ezidliwayo ziyoba yingozi empilweni. Izindawo ezihamba phambili ze-mushroom eziphephile futhi eziphephile ziyihlathi namahlathi, amadlelo nama-glades, kude nemisebenzi yabantu, lapho umoya uhlanzekile futhi inhlabathi ingcoliswa yizidakamizwa ezinobuthi.
  3. Hlola njalo u-mushroom ngamunye ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokukubeka ebhasikisini. Qinisekisa ukuthi akuyona ubudala, hhayi ebuhlungu futhi engonakali.
  4. Uma ungabaza ukuthi unesibindi esinobuthi noma esiphundu ezandleni zakho, kungcono ukulahla futhi uthathe kuphela lokho okuyiqiniso okungu-100%.
  5. Isiqukathi lapho "ukudoba" okuthunyelwe khona kufanele kwenziwe ngezinsiza zemvelo - isikhwama esilukiwe noma ibhasikidi. Kungcono ukulahla amaphakheji.
  6. Ukuqoqa amakhowe, abakwazi ukukhipha emhlabathini, ngoba kulimaza i-mycelium, ngenxa yalokho okuyiyona ndawo kule ntsha ngeke ikhule. Kungcono ukusika umlenze emhlabathini ngommese.
  7. Yeka wonke amakhowe lapho umlenze uphela khona ngokuqina okunamandla okufana nesifo se-tuber - ngokuvamile kuvame.
  8. Isikhathi esihle sokuya ehlathini ngamakhowe ekuseni ekuseni.
  9. Ungalokothi unambithe amakhowe angakapheki okwamanje.
  10. Lungisa "ukubamba" ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemuva kweqoqo.
  11. I-decoction yama-mushroom ayifanele ukuyiphuza noma ukupheka kuyo. Amakhowe adinga ukupheka emhluzeni omusha.
  12. Noma yikuphi amakhowe aphikisana ngqo nabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 nabesifazane abakhulelwe, njengoba uhlelo lwabo lokugaya lungakwazi ukuwagcoba. Ngakho-ke, noma ubani, ngisho nomkhuhlane ophephile ngokuphelele, angaba nemiphumela emibi emzimbeni.
Imithetho yokuqoqa amakhowe. Ukuzingela ama-mushroom ibhizinisi elithakazelisayo futhi elinomthwalo wemfanelo. Futhi amakhowe anambitha futhi anempilo uma ephathwa ngendlela efanele. Isifunda saseRostov sinikeza zonke izimo zabathengi be-mushroom abathandayo ukuze badle lezi zipho zemvelo. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka uqaphele, ngoba ezinye izinhlobo zama-mushroom zinobuthi, kanti ezinye ziyingozi uma zingaqoqiwe kahle noma zilungiselelwe.

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