Muva nje, abalimi bebengenazinkinga ekukhetheni inhlobo yamatamatisi, ngoba bekufanele baneliseke ngokutholakala kwembewu. Cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, ukunqunyelwa kwamatamatisi kwakuyinto encane.
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-varietal kanye ne-hybrid zalesi siko ziye zadalelwa ukuthi kube nzima ukukhetha ezifanele ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwembewu kubonisa izihlahla zikanokusho ezineziqu zamatamatisi amahle. Incazelo ithembisa isivuno esicebile nokunambitheka okuhle.
Kodwa-ke, izimfanelo zezinhlobo ezithile zamatamatisi ezingafunwa njalo ngabakhiqizi be mbewu ziyiqiniso. Lokhu akuchazwanga ngokunemba kokukhetha kwabo kwesifunda esinikezwe izimo ezithile zesimo sezulu, indlela yokutshala (abamba ukushisa noma endaweni evulekile), izimo ezisetshenziswayo ze-agrotechnical zetamatisi ezikhulayo.
Indlela yokukhetha yezinhlobo zamatamatisi
Ngaphambi kokukhetha imbewu yezinhlobo ezifanele, kufanele unqume izici eziningana:
- Isimo sezulu sendawo. Isizathu sokuthi izinhlobo ezinhle ezithela phezulu ziveze izithelo ezincane kungenzeka kube ukungafani kwazo kulesi sifunda. Ngakho-ke izinhlobo zaseSiberia zamatamatisi, ezihlukile ekukhuthazeleni kwazo ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezingezinhle, izifo, izinambuzane, zingakhiqiza izitshalo ezigcwele noma yiziphi izimo zezulu. Kepha izinhlobo zaseningizimu zizothela izithelo ezincane ezindaweni ezibandayo, ngisho nakulezo zindawo zokugcina izithombo, ezinye ngeke zikhule nakancane. Izinkomba zesivuno esiphezulu ezivezwe ngabathengisi zihambelana ngokoqobo kuphela kulezo zifunda lapho izitshalo zinesikhathi eside semifino, lapho izilimo ezimbalwa zingavunwa esihlahleni esisodwa.
- Lapho utamatisi ezokhula khona - endaweni ebamba ukushisa noma emhlabathini ovulekile. Lo mbuzo ubaluleke kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamatamatisi asendaweni yonke angathela izithelo ngokulinganayo ezindaweni zokugcina imvelo nasemoyeni omusha. Izinhlobo eziningi zalezi zitshalo zihambisana nezimo ezithile kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka uqaphele ngokukhethekile ukukhetha imbewu yezinkomba lezi.
- Inhloso yokulima ingeyamasaladi, ukugcinwa noma ukuthengiswa. Uma ukhetha ukuhlinzeka ngokudla kwakho ngamatamatisi amasha ngesizini, ahlukaniswa ukunambitheka okuhle nokuqukethwe kwezithako - khetha izinhlobo zesaladi. Kepha utamatisi onjalo awugcinwanga isikhathi eside futhi awulungele ukulondolozwa. Ukuze izikhala zingabi sebusika, kungcono ukhethe ezikhethekile ezahlukahluka ngobukhulu obuphakathi nobuncane, umgodi wokuqina, nesikhumba esinamandla. Ukunambitha namaphesenti omsoco aphansi kakhulu kunokuba isaladi. Izinhlobonhlobo zokutshala okuthengiswayo zibuye zibe nokuncane kwazo - zihlukaniswa yempilo ende yeshalofu, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, lapho impahla yazo incishiswa ngenxa yenani lezithelo.
- Ukwakheka kwesihlahla kugcizelelwa kakhulu (inquma) noma emide (indeterminate) izinhlobo. Utamatisi uthathwa njengento ecacile, ukuphakama kwezihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-50-70. Zitholakala nangaphansi. Ukulima kwabo kufanelekile abalimi “abavilaphayo” nabalimi be-novice. Ngoba izitshalo ezinjalo azidingi ukuhlupheka okuningi ngokuthena kanye ne-garter, ezinye zazo azikwazi ukuboshwa nakancane. Izinhlobo ze-Indeterminate zitshalwa kalula ezindaweni ezincane, kepha zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwezihlahla, ukungena kwethanga elifanele, zidinga ukudala ukusekelwa okukhethekile kwe-garter. Ikhula ibe ngu-1.5 m noma ngaphezulu.
- Kuvunwa nini? Ukuqinisekisa isidlo sakho sasehlobo namatamatisi amasha, khetha izinhlobo zesaladi zakuqala. Okokuvuna, izinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo kanye nezasemuva ziyatshalwa. Sekukonke, izinhlobo eziningana zamatamatisi zikhula esakhiweni esiseduze nabalimi abanolwazi ukuze bangagcini ukuthola imifino emisha etafuleni isizini yonke, kodwa futhi nokuzivikela ngokwabo uma omunye wabo eba nezithelo eziphansi.
Izinhlobo zezitamatisi ezivunwe ngokutshala abamba ukushisa
Ukuba nohlaza okukuhlaza onakho, ungathola utamatisi omusha etafuleni unyaka wonke.
Kulokhu, izinhlobo eziningana ezinezikhathi ezihlukile zokuvuthwa zitshalwa.
Izinhlobo zesaladi
Ezinye zezitshalo ezihlaza futhi ezimnandi kakhulu zokugcina ukushisa ngokusetshenziswa okusha yilezi:
Andromeda F1
Ungamamaki amahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Kubonakala ngokukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukungathobeki, ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukumelana nezifo, ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu. Amabhushi ayahlakazeka, aphakathi nendawo, izithelo ziyindilinga, zithambile kancane, ziboshwe ngamabhulashi amakhulu.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana. Ukuvuthwa okuphezulu kakhulu ngezinsuku ezingama-112. Okupinki nokubomvu kuyingxenye engakanani; isikhathi sokuvuthwa sifinyelela ezinsukwini ezingama-88.
UGeisha
Ibanga lesizini ephakathi. Ukulwa nezifo. Ukuzimisela, akudingi i-garter.
Izithelo zombala ofudumele wase-pink onesikhumba esiminyene, eziqoqwe emabhulashini aze afike kuma-5 ama-pcs, ahlukaniswa yizimpawu zokunambitheka eziphakeme - ijusi, ushukela, onomunyu omncane. Zingasetshenziselwa nokongiwa.
Ukhozi lwezinkomo
Ukuvuthwa okuphakathi. Indeterminate. Garter kanye ne-stepsoning bayadingeka.
Izithelo zinamanzi, ngesimo senhliziyo epinki engu-200-400 g), okumnandi, okunamafutha, okumnandi. Ukumelana nezifo ezinkulu.
Iparele eliphinki
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zesivuno esivuthiwe. Ukusuka esihlahleni ungasusa kuze kufike ku-5 kg. Ukumelana nezifo, kubekezelela kalula ukuntuleka kokukhanya.
Izithelo zimnandi, zincanyana, ziyindilinga, zipinki ngombala, zihlukaniswa ngekhwalithi enhle yokugcina. Ngenxa yobukhulu bezithelo, i-garter iyadingeka.
Ingelosi epinki
Okungazithobanga, kuvuthiwe kusenesikhathi, kumangalisa (kufika ku-60 cm).
Izithelo zibomvu noma zibomvana ngombala obomvana benyama emnandi. Ilungele nosawoti.
Amana Orange
Enye yezinhlobo zezithelo ezinhle kakhuluphuzi. Kude (kufika ku-2 m), maphakathi nesizini.
Izithelo zikhulu zifinyelela ku-600 g (ezinye zifinyelela ku-1 kg), oolintshi, ngokunambitheka okumnandi, iphunga kufana nezithelo. Kulesi sigaba, uginindela owodwa ngaphandle kwemigodi futhi ucishe awunayo imbewu. Ingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Isipho se-Fairies
Ukukhula okuphakathi (1 m), ukukhula, izithelo eziningi. Kuyadingeka ukucindezela futhi wakhe isihlahla. Ukumelana nezifo.
Izithelo zingamawolintshi aphuzi ngesimo senhliziyo esinepulpiti elimnandi.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokulondolozwa
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswa ukuthungwa okuminyene, ukumelana nokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.
I-Auria
Amade (2 m noma ngaphezulu), ama-lianoid, maphakathi nesizini, amelana nezifo. Ikhula ngamabhulashi.
Izithelo zibomvu, zandisiwe (kufinyelela ku-14 cm) ngesipidi esinamanzi esinamanzi. Ilungele imisebenzi yokusebenza, nayo isetshenziswa okusha. Inamagama amaningi - Inenjabulo yabesifazane, imizwa kaLadies, u-Adamu, njll.
Imilenze yeBanana
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-carpal ezinde (kufika kuzithelo eziyi-12 ngayinye). Utamatisi uphuzi okhanyayo, ubude, kufana nobhanana.
Isipuni sithambile, sinomunyu, simnandi ngomunyu, sinambitha njengelamula. Ngenxa yekhasi eliminyene, bakulungele kahle ukulondolozwa, zigcinwa zintsha isikhathi eside.
Raja
Ikhula ingadluli kumamitha ayi-1. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala.
Izithelo zibomvu, zindlulile, zixinene, zinamanzi.
Imivini epinki
Isitshalo eside esinamandla (kufika ku-1.5 m) ngamabhulashi amaningi ayinkimbinkimbi, ngalinye lingaba ngama-50 pcs.
Izithelo zincanyana, zipinki, iplamu, imnandi ngokunambitheka. Ilungele ukuwafaka, ngoba akuphuli. Abuye asetshenziselwe amasaladi. Ilungele ukugcinwa isikhathi eside.
Izinhlobo zezitamatisi ezivunwe zindawo evulekile
Uma ezindaweni ezingaseningizimu kungenzeka ukuthi kukhule izinhlobo eziningi zamatamatisi endaweni evulekile, khona-ke esifundeni esiphakathi nasezifundeni zasenyakatho udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo zamakhaza ezingamelana nezibandayo, ezisanda kuqala, ezingena sifo ukuze uthole isivuno esihle.
Utamatisi we-dwarf
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezifika ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Bahlukaniswa ngokuzithoba kwabo nokunethezeka kokunakekelwa.
Iningi lazo linezithelo ezihlwabusayo zemifino ezingadliwa zisha futhi zingabanjwanga.
Alsou
Utamatisi omkhulu ukhula ezihlahleni ezincane - ngenxa yalokho, i-garter iyadingeka.
Izithelo zinamanzi, zibomnandi obomvu. Izinhlobo zesaladi.
Alaska
I-Ultra kusenesikhathi. Encane ka-45-60 cm.
Ukulwa nezifo. Izithelo ezibomvu (85-90 g), isaladi elimnandi.
Isimangaliso seMoravian
Utamatisi obomvu oyindilinga mncane ngosayizi, unambitheka kahle, ukhule kahle emhlabathini ovulekile.
Imbobo
Ukuvula izinsuku futhi kungabi ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-90 kamuva.
Izithelo zibomvu (100 g). obukhulu, ungaqhekeki. Ukumelana nezifo, ukubekezelela umthunzi.
Rio grande
Amahlumela anamandla afinyelela ku-60 cm aphethe inani elikhulu lamatamatisi amancane (120 g), utamatisi obushelelezi, obude, ofanele noma iyiphi injongo.
Sanka
Isihlahla sikhula ngo-30-40 cm. Sivutha kuqala kakhulu. Izithelo zibomvu ngokuyindilinga.
Izinhlobo ezingaphansi
Imvamisa, kukhethwa izinhlobo ezingena zikhula kancane (60-75 cm), okulula ukuzinakekela. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izithelo ezinkulu, kanye notamatisi omncane naphakathi.
Okusajingijolo Jingle F1
Ipinki, izithelo ezinjenge-apula ezinosayizi omncane, ukunambitheka kumnandi, kufana nekhabe. Khula ngamabhulashi ama-8 ama-PC.
Ingagcinwa isikhathi eside esisha, ivuthwe kahle (inqubo yokuvuthwa utamatisi).
Izinhlobo ezinde
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinde ukuthi, ngenxa yokuvuthwa kokuqala, nazo zingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Anastasia
Izinhlobonhlobo zilungele izifunda zaseningizimu, lapho isivuno sifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-12 ... Medium ekuqaleni. Indeterminate.
Izithelo ziyindilinga, zibomvu, zinambitha nge-acidity.
Orenji
Utamatisi wenkathi ephakathi.
Izithelo ziwolintshi, ziphakathi ngosayizi, zizwakala kamnandi, zinambitheka.
I-Koenigsberg ibomvu, igolide, ipinki
Mid-isizini, amamaki aphezulu. Khiqiza kakhulu I-orange egqamile, obomvu, nezithelo ezihlwabusayo ezipinki, ezifana ngesimo ne-isitshalo seqanda esincane.
Amelana nama-vagaries wesimo sezulu.
Nastena F1
Phezulu (120-140 cm), ekuqaleni. Imithi ebandayo, engamelana nezifo, ayinawo umswakama ophezulu.
Izithelo zikhulu (300 g), zibomvu, zinamanzi. Nge-1 sq. m ukuqoqa i-16 kg.
Isipikili esikhulu
Kufika kumamitha ayi-1. I-Rany, imelana nokulimaza sekwephuzile. Akunasidingo sendodana yokutholwa. Ukukhiqiza (6 kg).
Izithelo ezinkulu ezinobukhulu (500 g), zipinki, ezinoshukela.
Isiqhwaga esiluhlaza
Ubukhulu kusuka kubalingani bayo ngezithelo eziluhlaza, ukuphakama kwesihlahla (kufika ku-1.5 m), ukucacisa ukungcweka.
Ukunambitheka kufana nekhabe.
I-Pudovik
Amabhishi anamandla afinyelela ku-130 cm ukuphakama, izithelo ezinkulu (kufika ku-900 g), okusajingijolo okugqamile, okunomumo wenhliziyo, okumnandi, okunoshukela.
I-Puzata hut
Ukuvuthwa kokuqala. Ikhula ibe ngu-170 cm.Yidinga ukuxhaswa, i-garter kanye nokwakheka. Izitshalo zingafinyelela ku-11 kg esihlahleni ngasinye. Ukumelana nezifo eziphakathi nendawo.
Izithelo zinamanzi, zinemibala, ziyafana nezindlu eziboshwe ngamabhodwe ezinshunini. Ijusi kakhulu, imnandi.
Uju olupinki
Izinhlobo ezi-Mid-zakuqala ezinezithelo ezinhle ezipinki ezinesisindo esifinyelela ku-600 g.
Inyama enoshukela enambitheka ngoju. Isaladi, alilungele ukugcinwa.
Roma
Izithelo ezincane ezibomvu ezikhanyayo zinambitheka utamatisi ocebile.
Musa ukuqhekeka ngesikhathi ulondolozwa. Hhayi ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo okufunwayo.
Amadoda amathathu aqatha
Amabhasi akhula aze afike ku-1.5 m, izitshalo azimelani futhi zivuna kahle, noma zisesimweni esingesihle.
Izithelo zibomvu, zikhulu, zinambitheka kakhulu, zisetshenziselwa indawo yonke.
Universal izithelo izinhlobo utamatisi
Lamatamatisi angatshalwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa nensimu evulekile. Lapho zinikeza isivuno esihle, esigxilile. Utamatisi onjalo ulungele amasaladi nokugcinwa.
Abakan pink
Phansi (70-80 cm), ezindlini zokugcina izithombo - 1 m 40 cm. Ukuvuthwa okuphakathi nendawo sekwephuzile. Iziqu eziyi-1-2 ziyakhiwa.
Izithelo zipinki, zimnandi, zixinene, zimise okwenhliziyo. Akesabi izifo zamatamatisi.
Bull inhliziyo
Okufuneka kakhulu ngemuva kwezinhlobonhlobo. Kuvuthiwe-sekuvuthiwe, okunqumayo, akudingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela.
Kulokhu, izithelo ezinkulu ezinamabala abomvu enomzimba obomvu ziyakhula (zifinyelela ku-800 g). Ukukhiqiza of 5 kg kusuka esihlahleni. Lapho akha, i-garter futhi ikhula ku-greenhouse kuze kufike ku-12 kg.
I-De barao
Ukuvuthwa okufika emuva kwesikhathi, phezulu kakhulu (kufika ku-4 m). Ikwazi ukumelana nokubanda, ukubekezelela umthunzi, ukubekezelela kakhulu (4-10 kg).
Izithelo zincane, ziyafiphala. Izinhlobonhlobo zinombala - opinki, obomvu, ophuzi, omnyama. Ilungele ukulondolozwa.
Ama-domes wegolide
Ikhula ku-greenhouse ifinyelela ku-1 m 50 cm. Dinga i-garter kanye nentuthuko amahlumela ama-1-2.
Izithelo zifana nenhliziyo yelanga. Isisindo 400-800 g. Ukukhiqiza kufinyelela ku-13 kg.
Inhliziyo yoKhozi
Ikhula ibe ngu-1 m 70 cm. Kuyadingeka ukucindezela nokugqekeza. Izithelo ezinkulu ze-pink-raspberry, ezinoshukela, ushukela.
Ukumelana nezifo, ezokuhambisa. Igcinwe kuze kube izinyanga ezintathu. Ikhula kahle emhlabathini ovulekile.
Sesha F
Srednerosly, ukumelana ezifweni utamatisi. Utamatisi obomvu obukhulu ukhula ngamanani amakhulu kule nhlobonhlobo lapho kukhula endaweni ebamba ukushisa engadini kanye nasengadini. Kepha isivuno singancipha uma ungakhethi isihlahla.
I-Chio-cio-san
Ibanga eliphakeme (kufika ku-2 m). Dinga ukwesekwa kanye nokwakheka. Ukuhoxa okuphezulu, okuphakathi ekuqaleni.
Izithelo ezincane ezibomvu zokunambitheka okuhle. Ilungele amasaladi namalungiselelo.
Isigqoko seMonomakh
Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile. Ukuhoxa okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukulwa nezifo.
Kepha ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, uncamela ukukhula endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Izithelo zikhulu (0.5-1 kg), zibomvu ngokugqamile.
Isihlahla se-Apple saseRussia
Ukuvuthwa kokuqala. Phansi (akukho ngaphezu kwe-1 m). Iveza izithelo kahle endaweni ebamba ukushisa nasemhlabathini ovulekile.
Akudingi ukuphina. Izithelo eziyindilinga, ezibomvu ezifana neapula (100 g) ezinesikhumba esiminyene ezingaphuki ngenkathi zilondolozwa.
