Ngentwasahlobo, bonke abalimi bacabanga ngalokho okumele bakhethe ukutshala ngenkathi entsha? Ngokuvamile, ngaphandle kwekhwalithi ephezulu yezitamatisi nezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene eziwusizo, abalimi bafuna ukumangala umakhelwane babo nabangane ngesitshalo esingavamile.
Ngebanga elithi "i-truffle elimnyama laseJapane" kuzoba lula ukwenza, ngoba linalo izithelo zangempela. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngalawa utamatisi ngokuningiliziwe. Uzothola lapha incazelo egcwele yezinhlobonhlobo, izici zayo kanye nezici zokulima, ukuphikiswa kwezifo kanye nezinye izicabha kanye nama-nuances.
Utamatisi Japanese Truffle: incazelo ehlukahlukene
| Igama leBanga | I-Truffle yaseJapane i-Black |
| Incazelo jikelele | Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala ezivuthiwe zika utamatisi zokulima endaweni yokugcina izithombo kanye nomhlabathi ovulekile. |
| Umsunguli | I-Russia |
| Ukuvusa | Izinsuku ezingu-90-105 |
| Ifomu | Izithelo zifana ne-pear |
| Umbala | I-maroon nomnyama omnyama |
| Isilinganiso sesisindo somunwe | 120-200 amagremu |
| Isicelo | Kuhle ukusetshenziselwa okusha, ukuthola i-salting nokukhweza. |
| Ukukhiqiza izinhlobo | 10-14 kg imitha ngayinye |
| Izici zokukhula | Wanikezwa kahle |
| Izifo zokuphikisa | Ukulwa nezifo |
Utamatisi Omnyama I-Truffle YaseJapane - i-hybrid esinqunyiwe, ephakeme phakathi, cishe ngo-100-120 cm. Ngokusho uhlobo lokuvuthwa, libhekisela ekuqaleni, okungukuthi, izinsuku ezingu-90-105 zidlule ukusuka ekutshalweni kuze kube nokuvuthwa kwezithelo zokuqala. Kunconywa ukutshalwa kokubili emhlabathini ovulekile nasezindaweni zokuhlala eziphephile, kodwa unikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Kunokumelana kahle nezifo nezinambuzane eziyingozi.
Izithelo ezivuthiwe zalezi zinhlobo zine-maroon, umbala omnyama omnyama, ngendlela efana ngayo. Bona utamatisi bayizilinganiso eziphakathi, kusuka ku-120 kuya ku-200 amagremu. Inani lamakamelo esitshalweni ngu-3-4, okuqukethwe okomile ku-7-8%. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zingagcinwa isikhathi eside futhi zivuthwe kahle, uma zikhethwa zingafinyelelwanga ukuvuthwa kwe-varietal.
Naphezu kwegama layo, iRussia yindawo yokuzalwa yalesi hybrid. Ukuthola ukubhaliswa njenge-hybrid ehlukahlukene ekukhuleni ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nasemhlabathini ovulekile, owatholwa ngo-1999. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, iminyaka eminingi, ngenxa yokunambitheka okuthakazelisayo nokuzivikela okuhle kuyathandwa ngabalimi balimi nabalimi.
Isisindo sezithelo zotamatisi Black Truffle nezinye izinhlobo zingalinganiswa etafuleni elingezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Izithelo isisindo |
| I-black truffle | 120-200 amagremu |
| Bobcat | 180-240 amagremu |
| Usayizi waseRashiya | 650-200 amagremu |
| I-Podsinskoe isimangaliso | 150-300 amagremu |
| I-Altai | 50-300 amagremu |
| Yusupovskiy | 500-600 amagremu |
| De barao | 70-90 amagremu |
| I-Grapefruit | 600 amagremu |
| UNdunankulu | 120-180 amagremu |
| Stolypin | 90-120 amagremu |
| Buyan | 100-180 amagremu |
| UMongameli | 250-300 amagremu |
| Umuntu ovilaphayo | 300-400 amagremu |
Funda futhi kwiwebhusayithi yethu: Indlela yokutshala utamatisi oluhlwaya unyaka wonke ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo zasebusika? Ungathola kanjani isivuno esikhulu ensimini evulekile?Yiziphi izinhlobo zezamatamatisi eziphikisana nezifo futhi ezivumela kakhulu? Indlela yokunakekela izinhlobo zakuqala?
Izici
Lokhu kuhlukahluka kwetamatisi, njengawo wonke ama-"truffles aseJapane", ihlukaniswa yi-thermophilicity yayo; ngakho-ke, izindawo eziseningizimu zaseRussia zifanelekile ukutshala ensimini. Emgwaqeni ophakathi, kungenzeka ukuba ukhule ezindaweni zokuhlala eziphephile, lokhu akuthinti isivuno.
Utamatisi walolu hlobo unambitheka kakhulu futhi ahlanzekile. Zilungele futhi ukunakekelwa okugcwele. Lokho utamatisi "I-truffle emnyama yaseJapane" kunamanye afanele ukukhethwa. Amajusi nama-pastes azivamiwe ezenziwe kuloluhlobo lwezithelo ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwemithi eyomile.
Lokhu okuhlukahlukene akukona isivuno esiphezulu. Ngesihlahla esisodwa esinakekelwa kahle ungakhuphukela ku-5-7 kg. Uhlelo lokutshala oluphakanyisiwe lu-2 izihlahla ngamamitha ayizikwele. m, ngaleyo ndlela, kuvela ngo-10-14 kg.
Qhathanisa isivuno sotamatisi I-truffle emnyama nabanye ingaba ngezansi:
| Igama leBanga | Ukuthela |
| I-black truffle | 10-14 kg imitha ngayinye |
| I-Gulliver | 7 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| I-Pink Lady | 25 kg ngayinye imitha yesikwele |
| I-Fat jack | 5-6 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| Idoli | 8-9 kg imitha ngayinye |
| Umuntu ovilaphayo | 15 kg ngayinye imitha yesikwele |
| I-Black bunch | 6 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
| I-Rocket | 6.5 kg imitha ngayinye |
| Ushukela olubomvu | 6-7 kg imitha ngayinye |
| INkosi yamakhosi | 5 kg kusuka esihlahleni |
Phakathi kwezinzuzo eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo lwabathandwa bezotamatisi kukhona:
- Ukumelana kahle kwesifo;
- ukunambitha okuhle kakhulu;
- kungenzeka ukugcina isikhathi eside.
Izinkinga eziyinhloko kukhona:
- ukunemba kwebanga ukuya esimweni sokushisa;
- efuna ukudla;
- ngokuvamile uvame ukuphula izibhamu.
Isithombe
Izici zokukhula
"I-truffle emnyama yaseJapane" mhlawumbe ihlukumeza zonke izinhlobonhlobo zalezi zihlukahlukene. Isici esiyinhloko salolu hlobo luwumbala wokuqala wesithelo nesinambitha. Ukuze bakwazi ukuvuthwa, abalimi abakhula utamatisi ngobuningi obudayiswayo babathande. Futhi kuzo zonke izici kumele zibandakanye ukumelana nokugula nezifo.
Amagatsha alezi zitshalo ngokuvamile aphethwe yi-fracture, ngakho-ke adinga i-garter edingekayo kanye nezinsiza. Esigabeni sokukhula, isihlahla sakhiwa ngesisodwa esisodwa noma ezimbili. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphendula kakhulu ekudleni okunzima, kodwa kungcono ukusebenzisa nokuqukethwe kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ezifo ezikhona, lezi zinhlobo zingaphansi kwesifo esinjengomlenze omnyama. Kwenzeka ngokunakekela okungalungile. Ukuqeda lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuchelela futhi uvuselele igumbi. Ukuze silungise umphumela, izitshalo ziyanisela ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate ngesilinganiso sika-1-1.5 g senkinga eyomile ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.
Kulezi zinambuzane, lesi sitshalo singathinta ama-aphid nama-thrips, futhi basebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa "Bison" ngokumelene nabo. Kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zika utamatisi zingadalulwa kwi-whitefly ebamba ukushisa, zihlukunyezwa nazo ngokusebenzisa isidakamizwa "i-Confidor".
Isiphetho
Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi yi-"truffles" yamaJapane, le nhlobo ingenye yezinto ezingenasisekelo kakhulu ekunakekeleni. Ngokuba ukulima kuzodinga ulwazi oluthile, kodwa ungadikibali, konke okutholayo kanye nokuvunwa kuzokhanselwa.
Etafuleni elingezansi uzothola izixhumanisi ezinhlobonhlobo zezitamatisi ezinemibandela ehlukene yokuvuthwa:
| Ukuphumula okuphakathi | Ukukhula kokuqala | Ukuvuthwa kwesikhashana |
| I-Goldfish | I-Yamal | UNdunankulu |
| Okusajingijolo okumangazayo | Kwavuka umoya | I-Grapefruit |
| Imangaliso emakethe | Diva | Inhliziyo ye-Bull |
| De Barao Orange | Buyan | Bobcat |
| De Barao Red | U-Irina | INkosi yamakhosi |
| I-honey salute | Ugaxekile we-pink | Isipho sikaGogo |
| I-Krasnobay F1 | U-Red Guard | F1 iqhwa leqhwa |
