Ngokuvamile, abalimi banesifiso sokwandisa uhlobo oluthile lwezithelo ezihlalweni zabo, noma ukutshala izihlahla ezikhona ukuze benze umhlobiso omkhulu wendawo eseduze nendlu. Inketho ethandwa kakhulu ukufeza lo mgomo ukuxhunyelelwa, okuhlinzekela ukulima kwezimbali kusuka engxenyeni encane yesihlahla somama.
I-cuttings ingenziwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasehlobo noma ekwindla, noma kunjalo, abalimi abaningi bakhetha ukhetho lokugcina. Ake sihlolisise ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukutshala ama-roses ekwindla.
Izinhlobo ezifanelekayo
Okokuqala, akuzona zonke izinhlobonhlobo zanamuhla ezingasetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa, okusho ukuthi ngaphambi kokuthatha izitshalo zabo ngale ndlela, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi le ndlela ifanelekile.
Ngakho-ke, ukhetho olufanele lwe-cuttings luyisembozo somhlabathi kanye nezinhlobo ezincane, kanye ne-polyanthous nokukhuphuka kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-roses, lapho kunezimbali ezincane. Uma usebenzisa i-Floribunda rose cuttings, ungathembela kuphela emaphesenti angama-50 amaphesenti okuvuthwa kwezinto zokutshala.
Akulula ukusakazwa ngale ndlela futhi ukukhuphuka izitshalo ezinezimbali ezinkulu, kanye nezinhlobo zepaki ne-hybrid tea. Iphesenti ye-cuttings egxiliwe kulokhu izoba yincane. 
Nini ukuqala? Isikhathi esiphezulu
Ngaphambi kokuba i-roses ikhule kusuka ku-cuttings, kubalulekile ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele kakhulu senqubo. Ukuze isithombo sikwazi ukwakha futhi siphume ngendlela evamile, ukusika kufanele kuvuthwe ngokugcwele, okusho ukuthi kufanele inqunywe ngaphambi kokuba amacembe ahlehliswe ngokuphelele ku-inflorescence, kodwa kungakafiki ukuhluma okugcwele.
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukusika izinkuni kuzobe kungakhulumi kahle futhi akufanelekile ukuqhuma. Uma sikhuluma ngezinombolo, khona-ke umzuzu ofanele kakhulu wokuthengwa kwezinto ezinjalo zokutshala kuzoba yisikhathi kusukela ngoSepthemba 15 kuya kuSeptemba 25.
Kubalulekile! Khetha amahlumela wonyaka ukuze okungenani amafihlethi amane avuliwe esigabeni ngasinye (ngenhla phezulu udinga ukusika ngokuqondile, nangaphezulu kwe-scythe). Uma amaqabunga engakafiki, khona-ke angadliwa kancane.Abalimi abaningi bembali bathokoza ekwindlakeni kwekwindla ye-rose, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukugxila izinto ezinjalo zokutshala ngesikhathi sekwindla.
Kulula ukuchaza lesi simo: ukulungiselela isikhathi sasebusika, i-rosebush izama ukubuthelela izakhi ezinomsoco ngangokunokwenzeka, ikakhulukazi kusukela ngokusika amahlumela, uzoba nethuba lokukhetha izinto ezifanele kakhulu zokutshala.Ukusika ama-roses ekwindla kuyinkambo elula, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi hhayi kuphela ama-nuances wenqubo, kodwa futhi nemithetho yokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa kwezinto ezivunyiwe ekhaya, esizoxoxa ngazo kamuva.
Kufike ngangokunokwenzeka ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Double Delight, u-Pierre de Ronsard, uSophia Loren, u-Falstaff, i-Pink Intuition, i-Blue Perfume, u-William Shakespeare, u-Graham Thomas, uMary Rose, u-Abraham Derby, u-Chopin, i-New Dawn, bona izici ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuthengwa kwezinsimbi
Sekunqume isikhathi sokubamba iqhaza futhi ukhetha uhlobo olufanele kunazo zonke kule nhloso, lihlala nje kuphela ukuthola indlela yokusika ama-cuttings ngendlela efanele ukuze isinqumo sokusakaza ama-roses ekwindla siphumelele imiphumela enhle kakhulu entwasahlobo (kuze kube manje zonke izingxenye ezinqunywe zingagcinwa ngaphandle kokuqothula). 
Inqubo enjalo ilula futhi ihilela izenzo ezilandelayo:
- khetha isitshalo esinamandla kakhulu futhi esakhiwe kahle, futhi uphindele emuva ekuhlungeni okuphezulu 1.5 mm, wenze i-incision (isigaba esingaphansi senziwe kancane ekhoneni);
- esigabeni esiphelile, susa wonke amaqabunga nameva aseduzane nokusika okuphansi, futhi engxenyeni engenhla unciphisa amahlamvu ngo-1/3;
- ukucubungula ingxenye engaphezulu (ekunqunyeni) ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate noma umane uwuphuze ube yi-wax efudumele;
- ngaphambi kokuqothula ukusika, ukubeka emanzini amahora angu-24, ngemuva kokungezelela izindlela zokusheshisa ukuqhuma.
Uyazi? Ngokuphuza njalo iphunga lama-roses, umuntu uba ngcono futhi abe nobungane, ngakho-ke ama-bouquets e-flower anconywa ukuthi afakwe endlini ngeso lengqondo nokukhathazeka.
Indlela yokugcina ama-cuttings kuze kufike entwasahlobo
Ukusika ama-cuttings ekuqaleni kukaNovemba, akudingeki ukuthi kutholakale ngokushesha ngendlela ejwayelekile. Bangakwazi ukuzethemba ngomoya ophansi, bechitha isikhathi sasebusika egazini lakho noma emgodini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, badinga kuphela i-prikopat esihlabathini noma enye i-substrate. 
Kubantu abahlala efulethini, okulandelayo okukhethwa kukho okulandelayo kungaba: Ngaphansi kwebhakede lepulasitiki elilungiselelwe, uthele ungqimba lwamamitha ayisithupha wobumba obunwetshiwe (uthelelwe phansi), bese ufaka kuso isendlalelo esikhulu senhlabathi exutshwe ne-perlite ne-vermiculite. Ngokunye, ungaxuba inhlabathi ngesihlabathi noma uthenge i-substrate ekhethekile "rose".
I-Perlite iyakwazi ukugcina uketshezi, umthamo wayo ophindwe kabili isisindo sesisindo sakho, okusho ukuthi kuphela 20% yalokho okuyizinto ezanele kuwe. Ngemuva kokwenza izihlahla ezincane endaweni elungiselelwe, faka izinqwaba nezicucu kuzo ohlangothini olungezansi bese uzifafaza kalula. Okuphezulu kungagcinwa ngeparafini evuthayo, kodwa lokhu kuyakhethwa.
I-cuttings zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene inezinhlayiya zazo, okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho zilungiselela ukusabalalisa i-currants, i-spruce eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iplamu, i-laurel, amagilebhisi.Kusukela ngenhla ibhakede kumele ihlanganiswe ngesikhwama seplastiki (okungcono ngokusobala) futhi siboshwe ngentambo ebhakedeni. Amandla ngokwalo ahlanganiswe ngezingubo noma ezinye izingubo ezifudumele. Ngezinsuku ezinomlilo nezinsuku ezinhle, i-cellophane ingancipha kancane futhi ivumeleke ukuba "iphefumule" ama-cuttings, ngenkathi ifafaza ngamanzi.
Enye indlela enhle engeke isuse umzamo omkhulu wokulungiselela sebenzisa ukugcina ama-cuttings esiqandisini. Kulesi simo, izinto zokuqoqa eziqoqiwe zifakwa esikhwameni esivulekile futhi zithunyelwa esitokisini emnyango wesiqandisisi. Cishe kanye ngesonto kudingeka bathole futhi bachithe. Ungagcina izingcezu zama roses ngale ndlela cishe izinyanga ezintathu ekushiseni okungabi ngaphezu kuka-1 ... +3 ° C. 
Njengendlela ongayenza faka zonke izinto ezisikiwe ebhokisini lekhadibhodi bese usithulule u-peat phezu kwalo, bese ukhetha ikhonteli elimnyama kakhulu e-dacha (endaweni enjalo iqhwa lizohlala lide kunazo zonke ngaphandle kwama-puddles) bese ubeka ibhokisi lapho, elimbozwe iqhwa elivela phezulu.
Ngenxa yalokho, uzothola i-snowdrift encane, futhi ukuze ingancibilika ngokushesha, ungayifaka ngamagatsha e-pin noma ama-fir. Qala futhi uphawu lephakheji (kuzokwenzeka ngosizo lwamaphegi), elinde kuze kube yilapho uketshezi lukhuphuke ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile! Emoyeni obanda kakhulu (kuze kube -25 ... -30 ° C) kuyadingeka ukuzungeza ibhakede ngento ethile efudumele noma ukuyibeka okwesikhashana ekamelweni elifudumele.
Inqubo yokuqothula
Ukuqothulwa kwe-cuttings kungenzeka kunomunye wezimo ezimbili ezibonakalayo: esimweni sokuqala, ulindele ukwakheka kwezimpande ezintsha, ukutshala izingxenye ezimbizeni, futhi esimweni sesibili, zihlanyele ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, lapho zizohlala khona noma kamuva zizofakwa kwenye indawo . 
Ngaphandle
Ngaphambi kokufaka enhlabathini evaliwe, okungukuthi, eziqukathi ezihlukene (noma eyodwa ithangi), kubalulekile ukushiya impahla yokutshala amahora angu-24 emanzini bese uphatha ngaphambi kokuxazulula isisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
Khona-ke isendlalelo sokudonsa sithelelwa phansi (amagatsha amancane avamile angasetshenziswa), futhi ngaphezulu kukhona insizakalo ekhethekile noma inhlabathi enomdlandla lapho ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kohlelo lwempande lokusika kuyokwenzeka. Ingqimba yokugcina kufanele ibe kahle futhi ihlanjwe kahle isihlabathi somfula, ithululelwe ngobukhulu obuyi-3 cm.
Uma ujulisa isiqu esihlabathini, zama ukuvimbela ukuba ungangeni kumgca we-sod, futhi uma uhlwanyela izingxenye eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, qiniseka ukuthi ushiye ibanga lika-8 cm phakathi kwabo noma uziqothule ngokwahlukana.
Zonke izitshalo zokutshala zidinga ukufafaza ngamanzi, bese zimboza ngamunye ngebhodlela leplastiki ngezintambo eziboshiwe noma iphakheji evamile. Izimbiza ezinezithombo zifakwa endaweni efudumele, kodwa hhayi eshisayo, lapho imisebe yelanga ingaphuli khona. Ukushisa ekamelweni kufanele kugcinwe ngaphakathi + 20 ° +22 ° C, futhi ukuze kugcinwe umswakama ezingeni eliphakeme njalo, kwanele ukuphakamisa ngezikhathi ezithile amabhodlela bese uphefaza izithombo.
Uyazi? I-oli ekhishwe ema-roses ingenye yezindleko ezibiza kakhulu emhlabeni futhi ixabiswa ngisho nangaphezulu kunegolide. Ukuze uthole i-kilogram eyodwa yaleso sitshalo kumele usebenzise amathani ayizinkulungwane ezintathu.
Emhlabathini ovulekile
Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuthola izimpande ezinqabeni ezihlukene futhi ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwendlu, ungawabeka ngokushesha endaweni evulekile, endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi "cuttings". Lena ingadi evulekile, ngenhla lapho indawo yokukhosela eyakhiwa, ivikela izitshalo kusukela ebusika.
Ngesikhathi sokufika kwentwasahlobo, indawo yokukhosela inqanyulwa futhi ukukhula kwamahlathi kuyenziwa ezimweni zemvelo. Izitshalo ezigxile emzimbeni zingafakwa endaweni engunaphakade yokukhula kakade ekwindla ezayo.
Izicucu zifakwa ezindaweni ezinjalo ziboshwe kancane, zimboze ngokushesha epulasitiki noma emgodini weglasi. Ngokuqondene nenhlabathi endaweni ekhethiwe, kufanele ifakwe kusengaphambili nge-potash nitrate (20 g ngokwanele), i-peat, isihlabathi, i-superphosphate (30 g), i-ash ash (200 g) no-urea (20 g).
I-inoculation ivame ukusetshenziswa njengendlela yokuzalisa izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene.
Njengoba ixubene nazo zonke lezi zakhi, zithelelwa embhedeni omncane futhi emva kokukhipha ukusika kubeka. Uma ungafuni ukumboza ngamunye wabo ngesitsha esihlukile, ungasebenzisa i-polyethylene.
Naphezu kokuthi ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ukusika akukwazi ukutshalwe endaweni entsha, badinga ukuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okuvamile, ukuhlinzeka ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi nokukhululeka. Nale nguqulo yokuzaliswa kwama-roses, ama-cuttings awo angaba futhi angafakelwa kwenye indawo, ashiye emhlabathini ekwindla engaphezu kweyodwa.
Ukutshala ama-cuttings
Uma wenza izithelo ze-rooting enhlabathini evaliwe, emva kwamasonto amabili uzokwazi ukubona izimpande zokuqala, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-14 zizoqeda kahle kakhulu emhlabathini. Ngemva kwenyanga, ukuphunyuka kufakwe ekamelweni elimnyama, lapho kutholakala khona kuze kufike entwasahlobo. Kusukela kumlimi kudingeka kuphela ukuchelela ngesikhathi futhi ukukhululeka, kodwa lezi zinqubo akusebenzi ngempela nsuku zonke.
Lapho kufika entwasahlobo, ngokushesha lapho umhlabathi uqhuma kahle, ama-cuttings aqanjiwe atshalwe inhlanganisela yamaqabunga kanye ne-sod inhlabathi, lapho inhlabathi enkulu yomfula ingezwa khona (ngezinye izikhathi kungcono ukuyixuba ne-peat ngamaphesenti angu-50:50), i-vermiculite noma i-perlite (isilinganiso esilinganiselwe ngu-2: 1 : 2: 0.5).
Kubalulekile! Ubuso be-substrate elungiselelwe buzogcwaliswa ngendwangu yamasentimitha amathathu wamasenti, angeke avumele amanzi ukuba adle.Kunconywa ukuthi ingxube eqediwe iqale igcwele isisombululo se-potassium permanganate, bese yenza izimbobo (ezincane kakhulu kunomkhawulo wesimiso sezinsika zokusika) kanye nezinto zokutshala indawo kuzo, ukugcwalisa izimpande ngenhlabathi phezulu.
Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo isiphelile, uthele ama-cuttings amaningi (cishe ibhakede ngalinye emthonjeni ngamunye) nangemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, unhlabathi izithombo ezungeze izithombo. Ekutshalweni kwekwindla kungamanzi okuphela kwesikhathi esisodwa.Ibonisa ama-roses asebusika
Izimo ezifanele zokugcina izicuttings ezinqunywe ngesikhathi sasebusika ziyoba isilasidi noma indawo encane ene-ventilation emihle namazinga okushisa we-1 + +3 ° C nomswakama ka-65-70%.
Uma kusendaweni yakho yasebusika kungabonakaliswa ngokuhlala njalo, futhi qiniseka ukuthi ayikho imifantu e-roses lapho izifo eziphilayo zingafika khona kalula esitshalweni.
Ukuvimbela izinkinga, kudingeka ukhethe kahle indawo yokukhosela usebenzisa noma yikuphi ukwaziswa okukhona (amaqabunga owomile, i-peat kanye ne-shavings), futhi ukuze ungaqhutshwa umoya, ungafaka amagatsha ama-fir ephezulu phezulu.
Yiqiniso, indawo yokukhosela iyoyodingeka kuphela kulawo ma roses okuhlwanyela ukuhlunga emhlabathini ovulekile kwenzeka ekwindla futhi okuzohlala emgwaqweni ebusika.
Ngokuvamile, ukusika ama-roses akulula. Into esemqoka - ukhetho olufanele lwezinhlobonhlobo, ukuhambisana nemibandela edingekayo nokunakwa imininingwane.
