Namuhla kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-amazambane angaba yizinkulungwane ezinhlanu, futhi unyaka ngamunye inombolo yabo ikhula. Intshisekelo enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwabalimi kubangela amazambane okuqala. Abanye balimi banesikhathi sonyaka owodwa ukuqoqa kusukela emibhedeni yezitshalo ezimbili zale mifino ngenxa yezinhlobo zokuvuthwa kokuqala. Ngaphezulu kwalokho, amazambane okuqala anesikhathi sokuvuthwa futhi avuna ngaphambi kokuba abathinteke ukulimala. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe nge-ultra early, ekuqaleni nangaphakathi phakathi kwezinhlobo zamazambane emakethe.
I-Ultra ekuqaleni
Lezi yizinhlobo eziphezulu ezivuthwe ezinsukwini ezingu 45-55 emva kokuhluma.
"Ariel"
Isikhathi esikhulayo siyizinsuku ezingu-65-70, kodwa ziqala ukumba izimpande ekuqaleni. Izitshalo ezihlukahlukeneyo ngehektha ngalinye kusuka ku-220 kuya ku-490 abaphakathi (kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sokuvuna). I-10 kuya ku-15 iyaqhuma izikhukhula ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye. Ubuningi obuphakathi kwezimpande zezitshalo cishe ngo-80-170 g. 
Iqukethe isitashi cishe ngo-12.6-16.3%. Le amazambane anezinambitheka kakhulu futhi inyama enamahloni engabonakali lapho ihlanjululwa futhi iphekwe. Kufanelekile ukupheka noma yiziphi izitsha ezivela kule mifino. Ibhonasi yalezi zinhlobonhlobo zakuqala yizinga eliphezulu lokugcina (94%) nokuphikisana nezifo eziningi (isikhumba, i-nematode yegolide, umlenze omnyama, ukubola nomdlavuza).
Uyazi? Amazambane avela eNingizimu Melika. Ukuthunjwa kwawo kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-7-9-9 eyedlule amaNdiya ensimini yeBolivia yanamuhla. AmaNdiya asendulo ayithatha nje ukudla, kodwa futhi akhulekela njengonkulunkulu.
"Impala"
Etholwe ngabalimi besiDashi, Kunconywa ezindaweni ezifundazweni eziseningizimu nephakathi kweRussian Federation. Ungakwazi ukumba izinsuku ezingama-45 kusukela ekukhuleni kwamahlumela, futhi ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwezobuchwepheshe kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-60-70. Ukukhiqiza kunamaphesenti angama-370-600 aqoqwe ehektheleni elilodwa. Isihlahla ngasinye siba ngaphansi kwayo ngokwayo kusuka emigqumeni engu-16 kuya ku-21, isisindo esilinganisweni sayo esingaba ngu-120-160 g.
Hlola izinhlobo ezinhle zamazambane.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinomsoco onesikhumba esiluhlaza ziba nesimo esithintekayo, inyama ne-yellowness kanye nenambitheka enhle kakhulu, hhayi emnyama emva kokubilisa nokusika. Umthamo wesitashi wezilimo eziyizigaxa cishe ulinganiselwa ku-14.6%. Kuhle kakhulu kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokwelapha ukupheka - ukupheka, ukunambisa, ukudoba, ukugosa. 
Amazambane "Impala" ibekezelela isomiso kahle futhi ayithandi izizathu ezimbi kakhulu. Kukhona ukumelana ne-potato nematode yegolide kanye nomdlavuza wamazambane, akusizi ikakhulukazi ezithintekayo yizigciwane kanye nesilonda esivamile, kodwa akusiyo emelana ne-scider powdery kanye ne-rhizoctoniosis, ukulimala okuphelile. Ingavunwa ebusika, njengoba inamandla okubamba angu 90%.
"Timo"
Igama eligcwele lalezi zinhlobonhlobo ukukhethwa kwe-Finnish "Timo Hankkiyan". It is zoned in North, North-West kanye nasezindaweni eziphakathi, kodwa zingatshalwa ezindaweni ezahlukene. Ukuvuna kuvuthwa ezinsukwini ezingama-50-65, kepha amazambane amasha angabanjwa ngosuku lwama-40. Ukukhiqizwa kwenza abantu abaphakathi kuka-150-380 ehektheleni. Isisindo sesilinganiso samazambane sisuka ku-60 kuya ku-120 g (kuncike esikhathini sokuvuna).
Funda futhi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane njenge "Blue", "Queen Queen", "Rosara", "Gala", "Irbitsky", "Lorch", "Picasso", "Kiwi", "Bellarosa", "Adretta".
Ifomula ama-nodules ama-oval amathoni aphuzi noma ama-beige enenyama enhle ephuzi ngaphakathi, enomdlavuza omuhle kakhulu, hhayi emnyama ngenkathi epheka. Kufaneleka ngezinqubo ezahlukene zokushisa (ukuthosa, ukubilisa, njll). Okuqukethwe kwesitashi salezi mbatata kunama-13-14%. 
Ukungathobeki, nokubekezelela isomiso, nokukhuphuka komswakama, kungakhula emhlabathini owodwa, kodwa kubonakala kungcono kunesihlabathi. Unomgangatho omuhle wokugcina (96%), ukumelana nomonakalo, kodwa izimpande ziqala ukuhluma kusenesikhathi. Akuzona izifo ezinjenge-scab, rhizoctoniosis, umdlavuza wamazambane, umlenze omnyama. Unstable phytophthora ne nematode yegolide.
"Umfula"
Izalwe yiDashi, ingakhiwa kakade izinsuku ezingu-45 kusukela ekukhuleni kwamahlumela, nakuba ivuthwa ngokugcwele ezinsukwini ezingu-80. Kunconywe ezindaweni eziphakathi kweRussian Federation, nakuba kungase kukhule kwezinye izindawo. Ukukhiqizwa okuvela kuma-136 kuya kuma-366 asezingeni eliphezulu ngehektare (kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sokumba). Isisindo samazambane esiye safinyelela ekuvuthweni okugcwele ngu 100-180 g. Amafomu omzimba oval oval of color beige nombala ukhilimu wenyama. 
Kunomusa omuhle, kungabiliswa futhi kuthosiwe. Okumnandi kunazo zonke ngendlela yamazambane abasha. Iqukethe isitashi esukela ku-11 kuya kuma-16%. Kubonakala ngokumelene nomonakalo okwenziwa mechanical nesomiso. Izifo zamazambane, zithinteka kuphela ngesikhumba esivamile kanye nokulimaza, ngokulinganayo ngokumelene nomlenze omnyama. Kwanele ngokwanele - 94%.
"Uladar"
Yamukelwa ngabakhiqizi baseBelarus, abanjwe ezindaweni eziphakathi naseNyakatho-Western yeRussian Federation, inezibuyekezo ezinhle ezivela e-Ukraine naseMoldova. Amazambane amasha angabanjwa izinsuku ezingu-50 kusukela ekukhuleni, futhi afinyelele ekuvuthweni okugcwele ezinsukwini ezingu-70-75. Ukuvunwa kwehektare ngalinye kuhulumeni wokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe kungaqoqwa kusuka kuma-130 kuya ku-350. Ukukhiqizwa kwerekhodi kulezi ezihlukahlukene yi-716 cent / hectare. Isisindo se-tuber yokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe singama-90-140 g. Sinamazambane ombala ophuzi wezikhumba nomzimba ophuzi ophuzi ongafihli ngesikhathi sokucubungula. 
Inambitheka enhle, inhle kakhulu yokuthosa, kepha ayibilisi kahle. Isitashi siyingxenye ye-11.5 kuya ku-17.8%. Kuphikisana nezifo eziningi zamazambane, kodwa kungathinteka yi-rhizoctoniosis, ngokungafani nokumelene neqabunga le-curl, i-alternariosis, i-fusarium rot ne-phytophthora. Kungabuyekezwa - amandla angama-94%. Ukufuna ubuchwepheshe bezolimo: uhlelo lokufaka umquba, ukuchelela ngesikhathi sesomiso, izinkomba ezivunayo kakhulu - emhlabathini ophakathi nendawo elula.
Ukukhula kokuqala
Izinhlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa ziqala ukumba izinsuku ezingu 60-70 emva kokuhluma.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uthole isivuno esiphezulu kakhulu, kufanele ukhethe izinhlobo ezenzelwe endaweni yakho. Kungcono ukuthi unqume kusengaphambili izimfanelo zekhwalithi nezokucubungula ezihlukahlukene ezikhethiwe, izidingo zayo zenhlabathi, isimo sezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Into ephephile kakhulu yokuthenga izinto zokutshala ezitolo ezikhethekile nemiboniso.
"Alena"
Izinhlobonhlobo zaseRussia, ezenzelwe i-Volga-Vyatka, i-Ural, yaseSiberia yaseNtshonalanga, iSiberia saseMpumalanga, izifunda zaseMpumalanga Ekude yeRussian Federation. Ukuvuthwa ngokuphelele ezinsukwini ezingu-60-70. Ukuvuna okuvela ku-hektare elilodwa kuvame ukuphakama kusuka ku-172 kuya ku-292. Amafomu ngaphansi kwesihlahla 6-9 izimpande izitshalo ngesisindo esilinganisweni ngokuvuthwa okugcwele 86-167 g. 
Iqukethe amazambane ane-oval ane-reddish isikhumba namhlophe (ukhilimu) wenyama. Ukunambitheka okuhle, isisindo esiphakathi. Kuyafanelekela isobho, ukunambitheka, ama-chips. Iqukethe isitashi ku-15-17%. Ibekezelela isimo sezulu esishisayo. Iyanamathele ezifweni ezihlukahlukene zamazambane, kodwa ayiyona imingcele ekukhanyeni okuphelile kanye ne-nematode yegolide. Kugcinwe kahle, inkomba ye-caliber ingu-95%.
"Anosta"
Lezi yizinhlobonhlobo zamaDashi, zivuthwa ngokugcwele izinsuku ezingu-70-75, zinezivuno ezingamaphesenti angu-240-300 ngehektha ngalinye. Kunconywe ukulima endaweni yesifundazwe saseRussia, kepha kungatshalwa kwezinye izindawo. Izithelo ezinesisindo esingaba ngu-71 kuya ku-134 g. Ufomati amazambane anezikhumba nenyama yamathoni aphuzi. Imifino enhle esiphundu, kodwa iningi kakhulu elifanele ukufryana nama-chips. Okuqukethwe kwe-starch kufinyelela ku-14-16%. Iyakwazi ukulimaza, isikhumba, i-rhizoctoniosis, ama-virus nokubola.
"Zhukovsky Early"
Ukuthola ukuvuthwa okugcwele ezinsukwini ezingu-60-70 futhi kungatshalwa ngempumelelo ezindaweni eziningi. It has a isivuno high - 400-450 centen of amazambane atholakala ngehektha ngalinye. Ubuningi bezitshalo ezivuthiwe zivuthiwe kusuka ku-100 ukuya ku-120 g. Lezi mbatata zinesikhumba esibomvu nomzimba omhlophe, esifaneleka ukufrying kanye nama-chips, isobho nama-saladi, kodwa isiphuzo esibi kakhulu. Iqukethe isitashi ngaphakathi kuka 10-12%. Kuyindlela ehlukahlukene yokumelana nokuthunjwa komthunzi kanye nesomiso ehamba kahle ezimweni ezihlukahlukene. Uthola ukuzinza okwanele, nakuba kungathinteka kakhulu ukulimala. Ukuzinza ku-92-96%. 
"Isora"
Isikhathi sokuvuthwa sihlala cishe izinsuku ezingu-85. Kunconyiwe ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nephakathi. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zihamba kahle kusuka kuwo wonke amahektha kuma-240-370. Isisindo semifino eyodwa singama-87 g. Izithelo zine-oval nge-tip ecindezelekile. Isikhumba esithakazelisayo sibomhlophe, inyama enqunyiwe nayo imhlophe, amehlo amaningi. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphansi kwesitashi (11.7-14.1%), inyama ayifuni ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Izakhiwo zokudla zilungile.
Funda mayelana namazambane akhula nobuchwepheshe beDutch, ngaphansi komshini kanye nezikhwama.
Amazambane "I-Isora" anomelana nomonakalo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ugoba, izimpande azilimazanga futhi isivuno sivuna ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa. Kuphikisana nomdlavuza futhi ngokumelene namagciwane. Ukuzinza ezingeni lika 92-95% livumela ukuthi ligcinwe isikhathi eside kakhulu. Umhlabathi ongcono kakhulu ugobile, i-sandy loam, ama-peatlands.
"Inhlanhla"
Yakhiwe eRussia, ingakhula ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene nasemhlabathini ohlukene, kodwa kunconywa ukuthi izifunda zengxenye eyinhloko yeRussian Federation. Kusukela ku-hektare ngayinye kuleminyaka engama-400-450. It has amazambane oval oval nge tip blunt futhi amehlo amancane. Unezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinemibala emhlophe enekhanda elibushelelezi nomzimba omhlophe. Inkathi ekhulayo ihlala izinsuku ezingu-80-90. Imifino eyodwa isisindo sika 78-122 g. Iqukethe isitashi ezingeni lika-11-17%. Iqukethe izici ezinambitheka kakhulu. Amazambane ahlukaniswe ngezinga elihle lokugcina (84-97%). Ukungathobeki kwezimo ezikhulayo nokuphikisana nezifo ezinjengomdlavuza, ukubola, isikhumba, ama-viruses enza kube kuhle ukukhula.
"Arow"
Inkathi ekhulayo ihlala izinsuku ezingu-60-70. Ukukhiqiza - kusuka kuma-359 kuya ku-600 abaphakathi kwehektare ngalinye. Isisindo semifino esisodwa singaba ngu-80-120 g. Isihlahla esisodwa singakhipha izitshalo ezimpande eziyisikhombisa kuya kwezingu-11. Akukona ikakhulukazi eyonakalisiwe futhi efanelekile ukuvunwa ebusika - 94% yokugcina amandla. Izimpande zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zokuzalanisa isiDashi zinomumo ovalwe nge-oval owenziwe ngesikhumba esinobuphuzi nenyama eluhlaza.
Kuyoba okuthakazelisayo ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nezakhiwo ezizuzisayo zamazambane.
Ihlukana nokunambitheka okuphawulekayo, akubilisi isifinyezi, ayifuni uma kusetshenzwa futhi isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela izitsha eziningi. Iqukethe isitashi ezingeni lika-12-16%. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo ezithile - umdlavuza, isikhumba, ama-virus.
Ngaphambi kokuqala
Ukuvunwa kwamazambane ama-sredneranny kuqala ukumba ngezinsuku ezingu-75-80 emva kokuhluma.
"Amorosa"
Kutholwe ngabalimi besiDashi kanye nemifino ezinsukwini ezingu-65-75. It isethulo ekhangayo kanye ukunambitheka okuhle. Ukuvuna kuphezulu kakhulu -290-350 abangamaphesenti angu-1 ngehektare ngalinye. Into esemqoka: ukuqapha ukuhlinzekwa kokuswakama okudingekayo. Ifomu amazambane angama-round nge-reddish isikhumba futhi enenyama encane ephuzi, amehlo amancane. Indaba eyomile yi-19-20%. Lesi siko sinqande izifo eziningi. 
"Ubusuku obumhlophe"
Phuma emkhakheni kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-70 ukuya kwezingu-80, futhi yonke inkathi ekhulayo ingaba izinsuku ezingu-108. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, ukuvuna kusuka ehektheleni ngalinye kuphezulu kakhulu - abangaba ngu-100-300. Isisindo semifino esisodwa singaba ngu-120-200 g. Ubusi lufomata amazambane anamaqanda anezibani ezincane zesikhumba, amehlo aphakathi nendawo kanye nenyama enemibala ekhanda. Ekubunjweni kwayo, isithelo sinamashiya angu-14-17%. It has a best ukunambitheka izakhiwo. Kuphikisana nomdlavuza, kodwa kungathinteka ngesikhumba noma ukulimala okuphelile. Ingagcinwa isikhathi eside.
Uyazi? Ijusi elisha elifakwe emaceleni amazambane lisetshenziselwa imithi yendabuko. I-properties ine-enveloping ne-anti-inflammatory, ngakho-ke, isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilonda zesisu noma izilonda ze-duodenal, nokunciphisa izinga le-acidity ku-gastritis. Lena ikhambi elihle kakhulu lokuphuza.
"Visa"
Izinhlobonhlobo zokukhethwa kweRussia "i-Visa" inenkathi yokubunjwa kwezitshalo ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-70-80. Kunconyiwe ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, eNyakatho-West, Volga-Vyatka. Ngokunakekela kahle ihektare ngalinye kuvela ukuvuna abantu abangu-170-326. Isivuno esiphezulu sabantu abangu-466 / ha. Izimpande eziqhakazile zinombala obushelelezi bombala obomvu, inyama iphuzi kancane, amehlo ajulile angaphakathi. Isisindo semifino eyodwa singama-72-120 g, kanti ukutholakala kwesitashi cishe ku-14-19%. Ikhwalithi yesitoreji - 89%. Kunomusa omuhle. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo eziningi zamazambane. 
"ULileya"
Kuyizinto ezihlukahlukene zokuzalana kweBelarusian, ezakhiwe ezindaweni ezihlala eNyakatho-West, eNyakatho naseVolga-Vyatka eRussia Federation. Inkathi ekhulayo yinsuku ezingama-65-70. Isivuno esiphezulu - abangaba ngu-400 abaphakathi / ha. Isitshalo esikhulu kunazo zonke, esibhalwe phansi, singamaphesenti angama-760 / ha. Kusukela ehlathini ngalinye lalezi zinhlobo, ungakwazi ukuqoqa izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingu-8-12. Amazambane anombala ophuzi obomvu, inyama nayo iphuzi. I-Potato mass - 100-200 g.
Ukunambitheka okuhle, okufanelekela ukunambisa nama-saladi, kepha akubilisi kahle. Kunconywa isitoreji sesikhathi eside ngesikhathi sasebusika - amandla okugcina angu 90%. Ukuphikisana nomdlavuza, ukulimala kwesikhathi sezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ukumelana okuphakathi kokulimala okuphelile, umlenze omnyama, i-Alternaria, i-Fusarium. Ingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekufakeni isikhala. Ukuphendula ekukhuliseni ngamaminerali amaminerali, okungcono kunazo zonke kuzibonakalisa emhlabathini okhanyayo naphakathi.
"Marfona"
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zokuzalanisa iDutch kunconywa ukulima endaweni ephakathi yeRussian Federation, Ukraine naseMoldova. Ukuvunwa ngehektare ngalinye kungaba ngu-180-378. Isisindo semifino eyodwa singama-80-110 g, okuqukethwe komswakama kungu-10%. Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziningi ezinkulu zibukeka kahle - ngobukhulu obufana nesimo se-oval esinesikhumba esiphuzile.
Amehlo atholakala ekujuleni okuphakathi. Inyama igawulwe ngombala obala ophuzi, awubiliseli futhi unamathenda okumangalisayo. Lolu hlobo lufanelekile ukubeka imali ebusika. Kuphikisana nezifo ezihlukahlukene, kodwa kungathinteka ukulimala okuphelile, amahlamvu noma isikhumba. 
Uyazi? Amazambane amaningi emhlabeni akhule eChina (amathani ayizigidi ezingu-95.5 ngokusho kwezibalo zango-2014). Endaweni yesibili yi-India (amathani ayizigidi ezingu-46.3). Lokhu kulandelwa yiRussia (amathani ayizigidi ezingu-31.5) kanye ne-Ukraine (amathani ayizigidi ezingu-23.7).
I-Scarlett Ebomvu
Lokhu okuhluka okuvela eHolland kuveza kakhulu - abangaba ngu-600 abaphakathi / ha. Isikhathi sokukhula sinamalanga angu-75. Isivuno esisodwa sezimpande sinesisindo esingama-80-130 g. Amazambane ama-oval anesikhumba esibomvu esikhumbeni, futhi enqunywe inyama enombala ophuzi. Ubuso besikhumba buncane futhi buqukethe amehlo angaba ngu-1 mm ejulile. Iqukethe isitashi cishe ngo-13%, indaba eyomile - 18.6%. Ihlukana nezakhiwo ezinhle zokunambitheka - cishe ayidabuki ngenkathi epheka, ayifuni kumnyama.
Kuyafaneleka nganoma yiluphi ukwelashwa okushisa kanye nezitsha ezihlukahlukene. Iyakwazi ukumonakalisa nokulimaza, kanye nokuvuselela kabusha. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela: ukungena ngemvume kufinyelela cishe ngo-98%. Kuphikisana nesomiso nezifo eziningi, kodwa izingqimba zayo zijwayele ukulimala okuphelile.
"Romano"
Lezi zinhlobo zembewu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imbewu ayilahlekelwa izimfanelo zayo futhi ingasetshenziswa iminyaka eminingana ngokulandelana. Isithelo sokuvuthwa yisikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-70-90. Ngokuya ngekhwalithi yenhlabathi kusuka ku-hektare ngalinye, kungenzeka ukuqoqa izinhlamvu ezingu-110 kuya ku-320, kanti isivuno esiphezulu sonyaka ogcwele ukukhula siyi-340 quintals / ha. Kusukela esihlahleni esisodwa ungagcina izithelo ezinkulu ezingu-7-9, ngasinye sinesisindo esingama-95 g. Ufake amazambane e-dress egqoka kakhulu - ngobukhulu obukhulu obufana nesikhumba esinomsoco obomvu namahlo aphakathi okujulile, inyama enemibala eluhlaza.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside isikhathi samazambane, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuka + 2-3 ° C, futhi umswakama kufanele ube ngu-85-93%. Isibonisi sokugcina sibaluleke kakhulu - uma inani eliningi lomswakama liqala ukuhluma amehlo, kanti ekukhuphukeni kwemifino engu-70% imifino iqala ukulahlekelwa amandla.Unomdla omuhle kakhulu - awunawo amanzi, futhi ngenxa yesimiso esincane se-starch (14-17%), cishe akunyamazi lapho usika izilimo eziyizigaxa. Kusuka kuwo amazambane aphuzile, ama-chips, angabanjwa, abilisiwe. "Romano" kufanelekile ukuvuna nokugcina ebusika. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo eziningi futhi zinamandla okuhluma, ngisho noma inhlabathi ingabi manzi ngokwanele, ibekezelela isomiso. Ibonisa kahle kakhulu ezindaweni eziphakathi naseningizimu yeRussian Federation.
Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala zinambitheka kakhulu futhi zikhwalithi ezinhle, ezikuvumela ukuba uzivune ebusika. Amazambane asekuqaleni angakhula ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, futhi emazweni aseningizimu izitshalo 2-3 zingavuna ngesikhathi ngasinye. Izinhlobonhlobo zakudala ziphikisana nezifo ezihlukahlukene zamazambane futhi zinezikhathi zokuvuthwa ngaphambi kokubhujiswa kweziqongo nezilimo eziyizigaxa nge phytophthora. Zonke lezi zimfanelo zenza ukutshala amazambane okuqala kukhanga kakhulu kubalimi abaningi.
