Ngamunye wethu ufuna indlu ibe mnandi, ihlambuluke futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo yesimanje, ngakho-ke sivame ukwamukela imikhuba yeWest noma iMpumalanga. Namuhla, i-bonsai, amakhophi amancane asekhaya asetshenziselwa imigwaqo, angene. Kodwa lokhu akusilo uhlobo oluthile lwezihlahla zemithi, ngoba ibhonsai ikhulile kusuka ezintweni ezifanayo njengezihlahla ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokutshela ukuthi ungaqala kuphi umsebenzi uma ungazange uzivivinye ukuthi ukhona yini umdali wemithi yasendlini, okungukuthi, ukhetho kwezitshalo, inhlabathi, ibhodlela kanye nenqubo yokuveza izithombe ezihlaza.
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha umuthi omncane
Ukuze ukhule umuthi ebhodweni ukuze ujabule iso, udinga ukuthatha isinqumo ngokujulile kakhulu. Sinikeza i-startner bonsai masters ukuba sinake i-ficus eyaziwayo. Enye yezinzuzo zalo mbali ukukhula kwayo okusheshayo - ungakha i-bonsai eminyakeni emithathu kuphela, lapho kungathatha iminyaka eyishumi nambili izitshalo.
Uyazi? Ubuciko obubizwa ngokuthi i-bonsai buvela eChina naseNdiya, kodwa ngekhulu le-6 lathuthela eJapane kanye namakholi, lapho lakhiwa khona - ahlukanisa izitayela ezingu-15 zokutshala izihlahla ezincane.
Ngakho-ke, uma ungumgadi wezithelo zensimu, sincoma ukunikeza okuthandayo kwi-ficus:
- Bengali
- ubomvu obomvu;
- i-blunt;
- i-karika (umkhiwane);
- i-microcarp;
- UBenjamini;
- i-ginseng (i-ginseng).
Lezi zinhlobo zibhekene namasayizi amancane amaqabunga, kanye nesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukisiwe nokubukeka kwe-esthétique. Kuzo zonke lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-ficus, ungakhetha isitshalo esifaneleka wena nendawo yakho yangaphakathi.
Izimo zokukhulisa i-ficus bonsai
Inqubo yokukhulisa umuthi omncane ingabhekwa njengomkhuba waseMpumalanga, ikakhulukazi amaBuddha futhi abathanda nje isiko lase-Asia. Ukuze uthole umphumela ozojabulisa kokubili umphefumulo neso, kuzodingeka sisebenze kanzima, kodwa okokuqala sizokwenza ukuthi sinqume ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezingcono kakhulu zokulima ingadi.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi uthole ukuthi yiyiphi i-bonsai nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-bonsai zokuhlobisa ezikhona.
Indlela yokukhetha ibhodlela
Kunezidingo eziningana ebhodweni lapho ubeka khona ihlumela. Kumele kube ebanzi ukuze uhlelo lwempande lunesikhala esanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzinza kwesitsha kubalulekile: umuthi, noma yikuphi indawo, kodwa kunzima kakhulu.
Ukugwema ibhonsai ewela, khetha ibhodlela elikhulu, eliqinile. Esinye isidingo ukukhona kwezimbobo lapho umswakama owedlulele uyogeleza khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sincoma ukukhetha okungekho emibhokisini ejulile kakhulu, kanti ukubunjwa kuzobukeka kakhulu.
Kubalulekile! Uma ibhodlela lisetshenziselwa ukukhula elinye isitshalo, hlambulula kahle. Ngakho-ke uqeda ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukungcoliswa kwezifo zenhlabathi kungcolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsalela zomhlabathi odlule zingalimaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Esinye isizathu sokuthi udinga ukuqala ukutshala izihlahla ezincane kuvela ku-ficus, - Lokhu kulula kwesitshalo. Lokhu kuphazamisa umhlaba lapho uzokhula khona. Kodwa-ke, kunomxube onomphumela omuhle ku-ficus, okusho ukuthi kuyoba namandla futhi okunempilo.
Le nhlanganisela iqukethe i-sod enomhlabathi, amaqabunga omhlaba, isanti namalahle. Thatha izingxenye ezimbili zokuqala ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo, isihlabathi siyodinga ingxenye engaphezulu, futhi amalahle azosebenza njengesengezo sezinto eziphilayo.
Ungase futhi uthenge umhlaba ngokukhula kwe-ficus kwisitolo esikhethekile. Njengomhlabathi, ungathatha futhi iphansi engaphansi kwe-substrate, ngoba iyonke.
Funda ukuthi ungamanzi kanjani i-ficus yakho ekhaya.
Ukukhetha indawo yokumbiza
Abantu abaye bakhula izimbali noma imifino bazi ukuthi kunezidingo ezithile zokubekwa kwezitshalo. Bese bahlakulela kangcono futhi basendaweni enhle. Ngenxa yokuthi i-bonsai yindawo yokuhlala, siyakutshela ukuba unake ohlangothini olusentshonalanga noma empumalanga lendawo yokuhlala bese ubeka khona umuthi lapho.
Futhi, i-bonsai iyakuthanda izindawo ezinomhlaba omnyama, ngakho-ke ukubeka isitshalo kwi-window sill akudingekile nhlobo - ungayifaka phansi, ngaleyo ndlela uyivikele ekuwehleni kusuka ekuphakameni.
Uyazi? Naphezu kokuthi ibhonsai ibhekwa njengendawo yokudweba, ingafakwa engadini noma egcekeni, emgodini. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nazo zonke izimo ezidingekayo zokuphila komuthi.
Microclimate ekamelweni
UFicus bonsai akazithobeki, njengoba sishilo. Lokhu kuphazamisa nokushisa kombuso. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula imithetho emibili ukuze konke kuhambisane nesitshalo. Okokuqala - Lokhu kugcina izinga lokushisa lomoya njalo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ibe ngu-20 ° -25 ° C, okungukuthi, ukushisa kwamakamelo, ngoba ama-ficus ayashintsha kakhulu. Owesibili - qinisekisa ukuthi umuthi awuqhutshulwa yi-draft.
Uma ibhonsai usukhona efasiteleni, qinisekisa ukuthi ayiwi kakhulu imisebe ye-ultraviolet - ingashisa amaqabunga.
Indlela yokukhetha ifomu ukudala isihlahla
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezihlahla zasendlini:
- Tökkan, ungowokudala. Abaqalayo kufanele bakhethe leli fomu, ngoba lilula kakhulu. I-Bonsai ikhula njengesihlahla esivamile. Awekho amagatsha phansi, kanye nokugoba noma amagatsha amaningana.
- Moyogi kubizwa nangokuthi akulungile. Umqhele walesi sihlahla uyingcosana, awusoze wadlula umkhawulo wesitsha lapho ukhula khona.
- I-Sykan. Lolu hlobo lubhekwa umthamo oqinile we-trunk yomuthi, futhi izimpande zawo zikhona emhlabathini.
- Sokan, yena ibhonsai eboshwe. Iziqu ezimbili zinezimpande ezifanayo. Kulokhu, enye yazo ingaphezu komunye, isiqu esinjalo sibizwa ngokuthi umzali.
- Hokidati, ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa yi-broom-like. Ukungafani kwamagatsha kanye nezimpande zesiqu saloluhlobo lwe-bonsai kufanele kube yifane, okufanayo.
- Esueeue Lezi zinhlobo nazo zibizwa ngokuthi i-grove. Incazelo ilula: emkhunjini owodwa kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ficus. Zingahluka kokubili nokubukeka nobudala. Kubalulekile ukuthi inani lama-ficus lalingaphezu kwamahlanu.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lezihlahla ezinamagatsha anamanzi njenge-hornbeam, i-willow, i-birch, i-Norway maple, i-oak, umlotha, kanye nezihlahla zezithelo zingasetshenziselwa ukukhulisa i-bonsai, ngakho-ke iplamu, i-apula noma i-hawthorn ifanelekile, isi-Korean fir, isi-Chinese umjunipha, i-cryptomeria, i-pine evamile noma emnyama.
I-Ficus bonsai: imiyalelo ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Manje ake sibone indlela yokwakha umuthi wesihlahla sethu. Akumangalisi ukuthi eJapane, i-bonsai ibe yinto yobuciko ethatha amashumi eminyaka ukuqonda. Noma kunjalo, kuzothatha isikhathi esincane kakhulu ukunikeza i-ficus isimo esifisa. Indlela yokwenza lokhu - ukutshela ngokulandelayo.
Indlela yokwenza impande yomuthi omncane
- Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukusebenzela ohlelweni lwempande ye-ficus. Ngempela, sidinga isitshalo ukuthuthukisa hhayi ukuphakama kuphela, kodwa futhi ububanzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukusika izimpande namahlumela esitshalo esincane.
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukudlulisela i-ficus ebhodweni oyikhethile ukuze ibhonsai.
- Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, kudingeka udonsa izimpande namahlumela embali. Udinga ukwenza le nqubo uze ubone ukuthi isiqu esizayo somuthi sifinyelele ubukhulu obufunayo.
Ividiyo: Benjamin Ficus Bonsai
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
Ukuze uthole umumo womklamo womklamo, udinga ukuzibopha ngezikhali ezincane, kodwa ezikhali. Qala ukusika amaqabunga ukusuka emgodini ophansi futhi kancane kancane ufike phezulu esihlahleni. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi hhayi amaqabunga ngokwawo kufanele anqunywe, kodwa amahlumela kufanele abe.
Kuzodingeka ukuthi wenze leyo nqubo kaningi - amaqabunga e-ficus akhule masinyane, ngakho-ke, ngokushesha nje uma kukhona amaqabunga amasha amabili esitshalweni, ungathatha ithuluzi futhi unciphise inombolo yayo ibe yine, hhayi ngaphezulu.
Uyazi? Uketshezi olukhishwa kwi-ficus ngemuva kokusoka, empeleni, yi-latex.Ungaphinda futhi unciphise amagatsha esitshalo, uma engangene embonweni wakho wesimo somqhele. Khona-ke uzodinga ithuluzi elikhethekile, kanye ne-pitch pitch - bayothambisa izindawo zokusika.
Ukuhlanganyela ekwakheni umqhele akuthandeki ekwindla nasebusika izinyanga - lokhu yisikhathi sokuphumula lapho umuthi uthola amandla. Kodwa ihlobo kanye nentwasahlobo kuhle kumsebenzi onjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sineluleka ukuthi ukwenze ukusoka okuvamile kwamagatsha namagatsha ngaphambi kokuqala kwentwasahlobo - i-ficus izobe isilungele ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo.
Indlela yokunikeza umumo oyifunayo we-trunk
Sinikeza izindlela ezimbili ongayinikeza ngayo umumo oyifunayo wesiqu somuthi.
Sihlanganyela izimfihlo zokulima ngokuphumelelayo kwezitshalo ekhaya - ama-achimanes, ama-aspidistra, i-callas, ama-crocuses, ama-lithops, i-kalerii, i-hamedorei, i-euonymus, i-ruell, i-strawberry tree.
Ikhetho lokuqala libizwa ngokuthi i-garter. Ukwenza lokhu udinga intambo eqinile noma ucingo. Namathisela ukuphela kwesinye sezinto ezikhethiwe phezulu kwe-bonsai, enye-nganoma iyiphi ingxenye ye-trunk. Ngenxa yalokho, uthola umuthi oguqe phansi.
Ukhetho lwesibili ukubunjwa usebenzisa ucingo. Uzodinga ukugoqa i-ficus ngetambo, ngaleyo ndlela unike ifomu oyifunayo. Qala inqubo ngokuphefumula kwesiqu, bese uhambisa emagatsheni. Noma kunjalo, kunezinombolo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Ukufomathwa kungenziwa amasonto ambalwa emva kokufakelwa ibhonsai. Intambo kufanele ikhethwe emincane ukuze ingalimazi isitshalo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukunikeza okuthandayo kulokhu okushiwo yi-insulation. Kanti akunakwenzeka ukuhambisa ucingo emagatsheni kanye nesiqu futhi siqinile, ngoba imidwebo ingase isale esitshalweni.
Kungenzeka ukususa uhlaka lwezintambo ezinyangeni ezingu-2-2.5, ngalesi sikhathi i-bonsai izobe ifake ifomu ombonise lona ngosizo lensimbi.
Kubalulekile! Uma ususa ifreyimu kumele usebenzise izikhali. Uma ufuna ukumane ukhulule ucingo, cishe uzophulula igatsha.
UFicus bonsai: ukunakekelwa okufanele
Naphezu kokuthi i-bonsai ekhulile kusuka ku-ficus yikhophi encishisiwe ye-ficus, ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo kuzodinga okuhlukile.
Isibonelo, udinga ukuphuza umuthi nsuku zonke. Lokhu kulungiswa yiqiniso lokuthi imbiza ekhethwe nguwe encane noma kunjalo. Ngakho, umhlaba kuwo uzomiswa ngokushesha kakhulu kunesitsha esikhulu. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa inani elincane loketshezi lokunisela, ngaphandle kwalokho ungalimaza uhlelo lwempande ngomswakama owedlulele.
Esikhathini esifudumele, ungasebenzisa ukufiphaza bese uphafaza amanzi ngezikhathi ezithile kwi-bonsai. Uma ungenayo isikhathi salokhu, ke uphakamise umswakama wemvelo ngosizo lwamatekisi wamanzi noma umthombo wamagumbi, i-humidifier yomoya.
Ezinyangeni ezibandayo, lezi zindlela ezifanayo zingasetshenziswa uma kukhona ibhetri noma enye idivayisi yokushisa eduze kwesihlahla.
Yondla umanyolo we-ficus futhi kufanele ube. Iqiniso liwukuthi inhlabathi ebhodini le-bonsai ngokuvamile liyingcosana, futhi izitshalo zamaminerali kanye nezindlela zokulandelela zihlanzwa ngokushesha - ngoba isitshalo sidinga ukuphuziswa nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukucebisa inhlabathi ngezinto eziwusizo kunoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa ukusebenzisa imali ehloselwe i-ficus noma imithi yesundu.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala igumbi lesigumbi, udinga kuphela isigamu umthamo womanyolo oboniswe kuphakheji.
Kudingekile ukuthi usebenze inhlabathi ezinyangeni zasebusika nasekwindla kanye ngezinsuku ezingama-30, entwasahlobo nasehlobo - kabili kaningi, okungukuthi, njalo izinsuku ezingu-14.
Izinkinga ekukhuleni izihlahla ezincane
Isidingo sokunakekela isihlahla nsuku zonke akuyona inkinga kuphela ongayithola. Kunezinkinga eziningana ongase uzihlangabezane nazo ngemuva kokunikeza isitshalo indlela oyifunayo. Ngezansi sichaza izimpawu kanye nesizathu sokubukeka kwabo, ukuze ubuyele ukubukeka kwakho okunempilo ekudaleni kwakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukutshala amaqabunga, ukuwaphikisa ngamasu. Le nkinga ihlotshaniswa nokugqama kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Mhlawumbe lesi sitshalo asinaso umthunzi okwanele noma ilanga likhanya kakhulu, njengoba kuvame ukuba njalo ehlobo. Kulokhu, ungashintsha indawo lapho i-bonsai ikhona khona, noma ungayisusa emthunzini lapho ilanga lishisa ngokugcwele ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuxhaswa kwamapheshana amapheshana. Kuyenzeka uma umuthi: 1) kubanda kusuka emqulwini; 2) ukukhanya kwelanga; 3) abandayo emanzini uyayinisela.
Ubumnyama bamagatsha, ukubonakala kwamagreyasi kuwo, kanye nokubonakala kwesikhunta kanye nomswakama emhlabathini. Isizathu salokhu ukusabela komuthi kungumuthi omkhulu womswakama. Le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngokunciphisa inani lemanzi yokunisela. Ezimweni ezimbi, i-bonsai izodinga ukutshalwe kabusha - inhlabathi izolimaza, ngokulandelana, uhlelo lwempande lungagula maduzane futhi indalo yakho izofa.
Ukukhula kwamahlamvu, ukubukeka kwemifula emagqabeni. Kubonisa ukungabi namanzi. Ukuze uthuthukise isitshalo, thatha isitsha, ugcwalise ngamanzi, bese ufaka umbhede onomuthi obumbulu kuwo - amabhubhu kufanele avele phezulu. Uma zivela, gcwalisa i-ficus nephepha lesipulasitiki izinsuku ezimbili. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukwandisa izinga lokuswakama kwamasonto emoyeni.
Amanzi akhona emhlabathini emva kokuphuza isikhathi eside. Ngakho i-ficus yenza kucace ukuthi idinga indawo ehlukile. Isixazululo esilungile kuphela kulezi zindlela ukufakelwa izitshalo bese uthatha indawo enhlabathini ngokukhanya okuye kwalashwa ngomanyolo. 
Kubalulekile! Inhlabathi lapho uhlelo lwempande lomuthi lukhona akudingeki ukuba ihlanzwe. Kungcono ukufaka i-ficus emgodini, lapho kunezingqimba zomhlabathi phansi, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ziqhuma emhlabathini.
Manje, ngemva kokuzijwayeza ngezinto ezisisekelo ze-bonsai ukulima, cabanga ukuthi unesineke ngokwanele namandla okuyikhula. Phela, lokhu kuyinkinga enzima, futhi akufanele ukukhohlwa ngesitshalo ngosuku olulodwa. Uma uqiniseka ukuthi ingaphakathi lakho lidinga ngempela ukudweba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, khona-ke uzibambe ngezeluleko zethu, ukubekezela nokuphuma - ukuqonda ubuciko bokudala baseJapane.
Ukubuyekeza okuvela ku-intanethi
