UGilocereus ungumqambi omangalisayo womndeni wakwaCactus, ofanele isithunzi senkosi phakathi kwe-cacti. Izimbali zayo zifana nemiqhele emhlophe qhwa futhi imnandi ngephunga elimnandi ngaphansi kwesembozo sobusuku. Umhlaba wendabuko walesi sitshalo yiMelika Ephakathi, kepha uhlangana kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishubile zakwamanye amazwekazi.
Izici ze-Botanical
IHilocereus cactus isitshalo esikhudlwana, esidala ukubuna okungamamitha angama-2 ukuphakama. Iziqu zesitshalo zibanzi (kufika ku-7 cm ubukhulu) futhi zinamanzi, zimbozwe ngesikhumba se-waxy futhi zipendwe luhlaza obumnyama. Imvamisa isiqu sinesigaqa sodlame kanye nesimo sokubumba. Ukudubula kuqonde ngokuqinile ezindaweni ezivulekile naphezulu. Ubude besiqu bungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3. Ku-internode, kwakheka izimpande zomoya we-filatil, ezisebenza ukuthola izakhi zomzimba zomoya kanye nokunamathela kokusekelwa. Amaqhubu ezinsimbi zomzimba eziwu-0,5 mm ubude akhiwa ezimbangeni ezikhonjiwe. Iningi lama-spines lithambile noma libukhali kancane. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingenazinaliti ngokuphelele.
Eminyakeni engu-2-4 yobudala, i-zencereus iyavuthwa futhi ikhulule izimbali ngokwanele. Izimbali zama-hues amhlophe, onsomi noma anama-milky atholakala emikhawulweni yeziqu futhi zivulwa ebusuku. Ekuseni, ama-buds amakhulu (10-30, futhi ngesinye isikhathi angama-40 cm) agoqa amacembe awo. Umnyombo wembali umbozwe ngokubabazekayo ophuzi. Lesi sitshalo impova ngu izinambuzane ebusuku, emva kwalokho unikeza izithelo elimnandi - pitahaya.
Ubukhulu bezithelo bunokwehluka kusuka kusayizi we-kiwi kuya ku-ikhabe elincane. Isithelo ngasinye sinesikhumba esipinki noma onsomi esinamahlumela athambile. Ngaphansi kwayo kunepulpiti elimnandi kakhulu, elimnandi. I-pulp ingaba ngombala omhlophe noma opinki. Imbewu encane emnyama iyatholakala kuyo yonke ingane. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, i-Tsecereus iyakwazi ukuqhakaza futhi ithele izithelo kuze kube kane ngonyaka.
Izinhlobo
Kuhlobo lwe-kwalokhocereus, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-25. Zonke zilungele ukulinyelwa nokutshala ekhaya. Masihlale ezinhlotsheni ezithakazelisa kakhulu.
UHilocereus waseCosta Rican. It has uqweqwe isiqu ezinwabuzelayo, emikhawulweni yazo kwakha izimbali ezinkulu. Umbala wamacembe mhlophe ngomngcele onsomi. Ngemuva kokuvota, i-ovoid pitahaya iyavuthwa. I-peel yayo inombala onsomi, nenyama ibomvu. Izinhlobo zivame ePeru, eCosta Rica naseNicaragua.
IHilocereus emincane-iphiko. Akha izihlahla ezihlangene, ububanzi nobude bawo obudluli ku-15 cm. Iziqu ezinwabuzelayo zidwetshwe ngombala we-chestnut, kukhiqizwe izimbali ezimpunga ezinethhubhu elincane. Izithelo ezimile zingamasentimitha angama-7. Izinhlobo zivame eCosta Rica.
Hilocereus wavy. Uhlobo luhlukaniswa ngobude obude (kufika ku-5 m) neziqu ezinamandla. Izinhlangothi ezingemuva kweziqu zimbozwe ngemichilo yezinaliti ezinzima kodwa ezimfushane. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izimbali zasebusuku ezimhlophe qhwa zakhiwa ngesilinganiso esingaba amasentimitha angama-27. Izithelo ezinkulu ze-oblong zimbozwe ngesikhumba esibomvu futhi zinenyama emhlophe enezimbewu ezimnyama.
Insimu yeHilocereus. Lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezinemibala egqamile futhi evunguza kuze kube ngamamitha ayi-2. Ubuso bumboza izinqwaba zezinaliti ezithambile eziphuzi. Izimbali ezinkulu (ezingafika ku-30 cm) zipendwe zimhlophe futhi zinemivimbo eluhlaza ekhanyayo. Kuzithelo ezipinki, inyama iphuzi noma ipende ngombala ngephunga le-melon ekhanyayo.
Isikhulu sedolobho laseHilocereus. Isitshalo sinesiqu ezinwabuzelayo esinemiphetho emithathu ekhonjiwe. Ingaphezulu leziqu lidwetshwe ngendlela eluhlaza ekhanyayo futhi embozwe izixha zezinaliti eziphuzi nezinsundu. Izimbali zinkulu, zimhlophe qhwa.
IHilocereus Ocampus. Uhlobo olujwayelekile eGuatemala naseMexico olufana nomvini. Iziqu zaso eziluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza obubanzi obungama-6 cm zifinyelela kubude obungamamitha ayi-2,5 ukuya phezulu. Emaphethelweni amahlumela izimbali zakhiwa ngezinsimbi ezimhlophe qhwa kanye namabhulaki ansomi. Izithelo ezibomvu noma ophuzi zinephunga elimnandi.
IHilocereus unxantathu. Kuthunyelwe eJamaica, Cuba naseHaiti. Isitshalo sineziqu ezincanyana kakhulu, ezinjenge-liana-like, zidwetshwe ngombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Isiqu sinemiphetho emithathu ebukhali, embozwe ngenaliti ezingandile. Kubo bonke ubude bez amahlumela kunezimpande eziningi zasemoyeni. Amaphethelo esiqu simbozwe izimbali ezimhlophe qhwa ezimhlophe ezinobubanzi obufika ku-20 cm. Izithelo ziyibhelidi elibomvu eliyindilinga, kufika ku-5 cm ubukhulu.
Ukuzala kabusha kweHylocereus
Ekusakazweni kwembewu ye-Tsecereus, kusetshenziswa imbewu evuthiwe, eyomile eneminyaka yobudala engaphezulu kwemi-2. Ngokutshala, ingxube yezingxenye ezilinganayo zesihlabathi nephepha lomhlabathi kufanelekile. Ukulandela iphepha noma ubumba olwandisiwe kubekwa ngaphansi kwesitsha. Umhlabathi umunyiswe ngokulinganayo futhi imbewu ijule ngo-1-1.5 cm. Isitsha esimbozwe ngefilimu sishiywa egumbini elikhanyayo elinokushisa komoya okungaba ngu-+ 20 ° C. Amahlumela wokuqala avela ezinsukwini eziyi-15-25.
Ngokutshala okusakazwayo, kusetshenziswa ingxenye yesiqu. Kushiywe emoyeni omusha izinsuku ezimbili zomile. Izilimo zitshalwa enhlabathini enesihlabathi esincane bese zibekwa endaweni enomthunzi. Ungakapheli inyanga, ngenkathi kwenzeka ukubangelwa kwe-rooting, fafaza njalo ihlumela bese ungeze amanzi epanini. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande zazo, i-hylocereus kancane kancane ijwayele ilanga elikhanyayo.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
IHilocereus ayidingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela ekhaya. Ukhetha izingxenyana ezivundile ezikhanyayo. Kuyinto elula ukuthenga ukuxuba okwenziwe ngomumo kwe-cacti. Isitshalo sidinga umthamo omkhulu, ngoba uhlelo lwezimpande luthuthukisiwe impela. Ezifundeni lapho kungekho qhwa, ungatshala i-hylocereus emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukhetha isimo sezulu esishisayo, kepha uyakwazi ukubekezelela ukupholisa aze afike ku-0 ° C.
Ngokutshala isitshalo esidala, khetha izindawo ezifudumele, ezinelanga noma umthunzi omncane. Kungcono ukutshala i-cactus eduze koxhaso lapho ingahle ibambeke khona.
IHilocereus ayivuthiswanga kaningi, yomisa ngaso sonke isikhathi isigaxa sobumba phakathi kwamakhala. Ngesikhathi sokupholisa, inhlabathi iniselwa kanye ngesonto, futhi ebusika bathatha ikhefu inyanga. Ukunikeza isikhathi sokuphumula, ngokushesha ungafinyelela izimbali eziningi.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
IHilocereus inokumelana okuhle nezifo nezinambuzane. Inkinga kuphela engahlobene nokunakekelwa okungafanele. Ngokuqina komswakama ezimpandeni noma emanzini angena ezihlahleni, kubukeka iziqhekeza zokubola ezingabhubhisa sonke isitshalo. Isimo sikhulu ngokushisa komoya ophansi.
Ekushiseni, nomoya owomile ungavusa ukuhlaselwa kwe-spider mite noma i-mealybug. Ukufafaza njalo noma ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane kuyasiza.
Sebenzisa
Ukusakazeka ngokweqile kwe-gilocereus nezimbali ezinkulu kunezakhiwo eziphezulu zokuhlobisa. Uma utshala i-cactus eceleni kocingo lwensimu noma kuvulandi, kancane kancane uzungeza wonke umhlaba, futhi ngesikhathi sezimbali uyohlobisa insimu ngezimbali ezinamakha ebusuku.
IHilocereus yaziwa ngokuqina kwayo, ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa njalo njengesitokwe kwamanye ama-suppulents kanye nama-epiphytes.
Eminyakeni yamuva, le cactus ikhule ngenxa yezithelo ezimnandi. I-pitahaya, eyaziwa ngisho nangesikhathi seMaya, yayikhohlakala ngokungafanele emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka. Kodwa-ke, kumashumishumi eminyaka amuva nje, izithelo ezinamakha zifuneka kakhulu. Umkhiqizo ubaluleke kakhulu ngokuqukethwe kwawo i-vitamin and antioxidant. Izithelo zidliwa njengesitsha esizimele, futhi zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukunambitha izitsha zenyama namakhekhe. Ungathola neziphuzo ku-pitahaya, kufaka phakathi utshwala obunamandla.
