Izindlu zendlu zihlala cishe zonke izindlu futhi, kunalokho, zidinga ukunakekelwa.
Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke yokuphila kwezimila ilula.
Mayelana nokukhanyisa izimbali zasendlini nokuqinisekisa ukuthi sizokhuluma kanjani namhlanje.
Ukukhanya nezitshalo
Ngokwezifundo zesikole ze-botany, sikhumbula: ukukhanya yisimo esiyinhloko senqubo ye-photosynthesis, okuyiyona eyisisekelo sesondlo sokutshala. Amahlamvu afaka umbala we-chlorophyll we-pigment. 
Lesi sici sithatha i-carbon dioxide namanzi emkhathini futhi, ngaphansi kwethonya le-ultraviolet elanga, liguqula libe yi-oksijeni ne-carbohydrate (i-glucose) edingekayo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwesitshalo.
Ngaphandle kokukhanya okwanele, inqubo izogeleza ngendlela ehlukile, ngenxa yalokho, imbali izobuthakathaka futhi ife. Ngakho-ke, ukuze banikeze isilwane esiluhlaza ngesondlo esanele, abalimi bagcwalisa ukungabi khona kwelanga ngokukhanyisa okufakelwayo nezibani ezikhethekile.
Funda nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani isibani sesithombo.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu ebusika, lapho usuku lokukhanya luba mfushane kakhulu.
Ukuqonda ukuthi izitshalo azikwazi ukukhanya okwanele: izimpawu eziyinhloko
Ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa kuthinta ukubukeka kwembali, ukuma kwayo, ukuguquka kwezinga lokukhula, cishe zonke izingxenye zalo zikhubazekile. 
Ngaphezu kwamaqabunga
Amahlamvu azoveza inkinga ngalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukusika amahlamvu, ukuzama ukubamba okungenani umthombo othile wokukhanya, uzogoba futhi welula emthonjeni oyifunayo;
- ngemuva kwe-cuttings isiqu sizoqala ukugoba;
- Imigqa yamaqabunga ayoba mncane, amaqabunga amasha azoqala ukwakha kude kakhulu komunye nomunye;
- ipuleti leshidi lizothatha umumo ogobile;
- Umbala weqabunga uzolahlekelwa ukukhanya, uma iphethini likhona ngaphambili, lizolahlekelwa ukubonakala kwalo, livuleke;
- irowu eliphansi lamahlamvu lizoqala ukufa.
Ngemibala
Ezitshalweni zezimbali ngokuntuleka kokukhanyisa:
- ama-inflorescences angaphansi kakhulu ayokwakhiwa ngenkathi ehluma, kungenzeka ukuthi izimbali ngeke zenzeke;
- uma kungabikho ukunakekelwa okufanele, amaqabunga ahlanganiswe angahamba nxazonke;
- imbali ehlumayo ngeke ibe nokukhanya kwayo okuyiyo, kuyoba yincinjana futhi akunakwenzeka ukuba uyijabulise ngemifula ende.
Isinqumo esilungile noma "ukuzenzela"
Lapho ukhetha idivaysi yokukhanyisa, abalimi bembali babhekene nombuzo: yini engcono - idivayisi eyenziwe ngomumo noma ngesandla esenziwe. Ake siqonde ama-nuances alabo nabanye.
Imikhiqizo nokuqeda komkhiqizo ophelile
Izinzuzo zibandakanya ukukhethwa kwemikhiqizo emikhulu, kuye ngokuthi izici ze-spectral, uhla lwamanani, ukuklanywa kwezinsimbi:
- amandla edivaysi akhethiwe ngokuya endaweni yokutshala;
- Imikhiqizo yanamuhla evela kubakhiqizi abaphezulu iphephile ukuyisebenzisa, kulula ukuxhuma;
- imiklamo ehlukahlukene ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe okukhethwa kukho indawo engcono (idivayisi okwesikhashana, kwi-tripod);
- iningi lazo kulula ukuyisebenzisa: ungakwazi ukulungisa ukuphakama nokuma kokuthambekela, imikhiqizo ifanele ngokuphelele ngaphakathi;
- iningi linamabonakaliso okukhanya, okusiza ukubonwa kwemisebe engavamile ngeso lomuntu;
- umkhiqizi ubonisa kulo mqulu ohambisana nenani lemisebe ye-spectral;
- Amadivayisi angamanje angafakwa nge-mechanical mechanical or timer yokulawula isikhathi sokusebenza.
Ukunciphisa imikhiqizo eqediwe kuyinani eliphezulu. Njengomthetho, amadivayisi aphezulu kakhulu abakhiqizi abadumile ayabiza. Ama-analogue angabizi angase ahlangabezane nezincazelo ezidingekayo.
Ama-nuances wezinto ezizenzekelayo
Izinzuzo "ezenzelwe":
- ukukhethwa kweminye imikhiqizo engabizi ehambisana nombala wombala;
- ukusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi angcono kakhulu okusindisa imali;
- Ungakwazi futhi ukuxhuma i-timer ngokuzimela;
- ukuzihlanganisa ngisho nalapho ukuthenga izingxenye ezibizayo kusindisa isabelomali.
Ukunciphisa imiklamo eyenziwe ngokwabo kungacatshangwa ukuthi inqubo yokukhiqiza ngokwayo:
- okokuqala, kudinga ukutholakala kwamathuluzi, kufaka phakathi ukugcizelela (iron soldering, tester, screwdriver, njll), kanye nokukwazi ukusebenzisa.
- okwesibili, sidinga ulwazi oluncane kwi-elekthronikhi, okungelona wonke umuntu onalo.
Indlela yokukhanyisa izimbali zasendlini: izinhlobo zezibani
Lapho ukhetha isibani sezimbali, into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyiqaphele yinkimbinkimbi yokukhanya ehambisana kakhulu ne-spectrum yemisebe yelanga. Okubalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile kukhona amathoni abomvu ne-blue.
Ama-incandescent ama
Ama-incandescent ama nge-filament ye-tungsten ngeke ibe yinto engcono kakhulu: banokukhanya okuphansi okuphansi, bashisa kakhulu, futhi emvelweni wabo inani lemifino ebomvu likhulu kakhulu. 
UJobe isibani se-halogen Ihlinzekwa ngengxube ye-xenon ne-krypton ngaphakathi kwe-bulb yayo. Inzuzo yedivaysi ikukukhanya kokukhanyisa, kanye nokuqina kwe-spiral. 
Isibani se-Neodymium ngezinga elilinganiselwe lokukhanya elikhishiwe linikeza ukukhanya okuhle. Isimo esinjalo siqinisekiswa ngenxa yesilazi esikhethekile nge-neodymium ngesikhathi sokubilisa. 
Uyazi? I-element neodymium yatholwa umakhemikhali wase-Austria u-Auer von Welsbach ngo-1885. I-element isetshenziselwa hhayi kuphela ku-alloys engilazi. Kubuye kube yinto eluhlaza yokwenza umshini, onamandla kunawo wonke emhlabeni namuhla.
Umkhiqizo womabili izibani:
- ukushisa okukhulu kanye nobungozi bokushisa kwezitshalo;
- ukungabi khona kombala okwesibhakabhaka embukisweni;
- ukuphuma okuncane;
- ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu.
Ngokuvamile, laba balimi basebenzisa izibani ezindlini zokugcina izitshalo zokushisa, kodwa hhayi ukukhanya okungeziwe.
Izibani ze-fluorescent
Izibani zalolu hlobo zithandwa ngabalimi. 
Kuye ngenani lezimpophoma zezimbali, ungakhetha idivayisi yesikhundla esifanele:
- isibani sokubaluleka okuvamile ngamandla kuze kufike ku-70 W, efanelekile ukukhanyisa ngezikhathi ezithile, ine-spectrum ephansi;
- Inhloso ekhethekile, kusuka ku-35 W kuya ku-50 W, ingasetshenziswa kokubili ukukhanyisa okugcwele nokuyingxenye, ine-color spectrum ephezulu;
- i-compact, enegunya eliphansi lika-20 W, elifanele ukukhanyisa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izinzuzo zamadivayisi:
- ukusebenza kahle kwemisebe ephakeme ngokutholwa okuphansi kwe-thermal, okunciphisa ingozi yokushisa amaqabunga;
- ukugcina amandla;
- I-spectrum yombala ihambisana kakhulu nelanga.
Ukungalungi kuyinani eliphakeme lamadivaysi kanye ne-ballast electronic edingekayo ukuze uxhumane.
Ukukhishwa kwegesi
Amadivaysi okukhishwa amelwa ngezinhlobo ezintathu:
- mercury. Ukugqoka okhethekile kwedivaysi kwandisa imisebe emisebeni yelanga elifunwa izitshalo. Ikhuthaza i-photosynthesis, igqugquzela ukukhula futhi ivuselele izimbali. Idivayisi encane - okukhipha ukukhanya okuphansi;
- i-sodium Iyasebenza ezindaweni ezinkulu ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-in. Esikhathini sokuphuma kombala kukhona umbala obomvu obuningi, okhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwempande. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuba kusetshenziswe okunye nge-mercury namadivaysi ase-halide ensimbi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ibhalansi ye-spectrum;
- metal halide. Kubhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu ngenxa yezinga le-spectrum elinganisiwe yemisebe, amandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo. I-predominance ebomvu ku-spectrum iyasetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwesitshalo ezitshalweni zezimbali. Ukungalungi kwedivayisi kubiza kakhulu.
Ukungahambi okuvamile kwalolu hlobo lwezibani kuyidingo le-cartridge ekhethekile yokuxhuma.
Ukukhanya kwe-LED
Lezi zixhobo ze-semiconductor zibhekwa njengeziphephile ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ekuklanyeni kwazo azikho ukugcwaliswa kwegesi, noma imvilophu yezingilazi, noma ama-filaments. Umsebenzi unikezwa amakristalu okufakelwa kuwo okwenzekayo kagesi wamanje.
Izinzuzo zama-LED:
- ukukhishwa okukhanya ngaphandle kokudlulisa ukushisa;
- sebenzisa ngisho nezitshalo ze-aquarium;
- ukukhanya okuhle kakhulu kwe-light spectrum;
- ukusebenza kahle kwamandla;
- amandla amakhulu okusebenza (kuze kube amahora angu-100 omsebenzi oqhubekayo).
Ukungalungi yindleko ephezulu. 
Uyazi? I-LED yokuqala yezwe eyakhishwa yinkampani yaseMelika General General ngo-1962. Futhi idivayisi encane kakhulu, ene-0.2 mm ububanzi, yasungulwa yiJapane.
Isinqumo esihle kunazo zonke embonweni yabalimi bezimbali
Esinye sezibani ezishibhile sibheka izibani ze-fluorescent ezihlomezwe nge-ballast, ezingaxhunyaniswa ne-cartridge evamile. Kuye indawo nendawo yezinambuzane, ama-compact noma amadivaysi asele asetshenzisiwe, futhi isibonakaliso sisetshenziselwa ukwandisa imisebe ewusizo.
Lezi zibani aziguquli ukushisa komoya nomhlabathi, ngoba azifudumali, okuvumela ukuba zisetshenziswe isikhathi eside.
Amadivaysi okukhishwa ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa izithombo ezikhulayo emakamelweni amnyama. Amagagasi alolu hlobo asetshenziselwa izitezi eziphakeme, ngokuvamile izibani ze-sodium ezinamandla angaphezu kwamakhulu ayi-watts. 
I-alumini ye-sodium ne-metal halide luminaires ehlelwe esihlahleni enekhono lika-250 W nangaphezulu liyaziwa ezindaweni ezinkulu: izithombo zokugcina zokugcina izithombo, izivande zasebusika.
Funda indlela yokwenza i-mini-greenhouse, ukulungiselela kanjani ingadi yasebusika. Esigadini sasebusika, izitshalo ezifanele ezifana ne-araucaria yasendlini, i-Brugmancia, i-cryptomeria, i-ampelous dichondra, i-brahikoma, isihlahla sogwebhisi, i-callistemon, i-royal delonix, i-monstera.
I-Universal ku-application, nakuba ibiza, cabanga ngamadivayisi we-LED. Basondelene ne-spectrum yokukhanya kwelanga, musa ukukhuphuka umswakama, ungadluli. Amakhansela afanele ukusetshenziswa, kokubili ezindaweni ezinkulu, nakweqoqo elincane.
Ama-LED anemithombo enkulu yamandla futhi ephephile ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside.
Njengoba kunikezwe izici namakhono azo ezezimali, kulula ukukhetha isibani samaphuzu embali, into esemqoka ukufunda ngokucophelela izici zedivayisi ethengwe. 
Indlela yokubala izinga lokukhanyisa izitshalo zasendlini
Izitshalo ngokukwazi ukukhanya zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu:
- bakhetha ukukhula ezindaweni ezivulekile zelanga;
- ngokulinganayo kuhlelwe ukukhanya nokuthunjwa;
- izimbali, ezikhetha izingxenyana ezizimele.
Amahloni othando
Lezi zimbali zihlukumezeka: ngokuthuthukiswa okuvamile, zinokukhanya okwanele okukhanyisa, kodwa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwazo, zingakwazi ukulahlekelwa ukubonakala kwazo. Izidingo zokukhanyisa - 500-800 lux. Le mibala ihlanganisa i-Stromants, i-Calathea, i-arrowroot.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube lula, kuhlakazeke. Uma sekuchichima, izimbali zingase zihlupheke, ikakhulukazi uma zisencane noma zifakwe kabusha.
Ukubekezela komthunzi
Lolu hlobo lubandakanya i-ivy, philodendron, i-dieffenbachia. Kutholakala efasiteleni, akudingi ukukhanya, kodwa ekujuleni kwekamelo, ngesikhathi sebusika bayayidinga. Isidingo - kusuka ku-1000 kuya ku-3000 lux.
Izitshalo ezibekezelayo zihlanganisa izinto ezifana ne-rogers, i-sanguinaria, abanturium, i-saxifrage, i-host, i-swimsuit, i-camellia.
I-Photophilous
Leli qembu lihlanganisa amaryllis, azalea, abutilon, kalanchoe. Ezinye izinhlobo zezimbali ezibekezelayo nombala wamaqabunga e-motley zingadinga ukukhanya okufanayo. Nakhu kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi lezi zitshalo zikhula endaweni yendalo ezindaweni ezivulekile. Isidingo - 4000-6000 lux.
Ukufakwa kahle kwe-backlight yezimbali
Kuye ngombani okhethiwe, ibanga elivela eluhlaza kufanele libe phakathi kwama-25-50 cm. Amadivayisi kufanele afakwe ngaphezu kwezimbali, hhayi ohlangothini. Ukukhanyisa eceleni kuzokwenza ukuba amahlumela afinyelele emthonjeni, ngaleyo ndlela asulaze isitshalo. 
Kubalulekile ukuthi imishanguzo ayihlakazeke kulo lonke igumbi, futhi iqondiswe ngqo ebhodweni. Kunconywa ukuthi amacala anjalo afake izibukiso, isibonelo, izibuko noma ubophezele nxazonke zendawo ekhanyisiwe.
Kubalulekile! Qaphela: ibanga lesibani elivela entweni, kabili, liyanciphisa amandla omzimba ngezikhathi ezine.Ngokuvamile, emva kokufaka idivaysi yokukhanyisa, ungabona ukuziphatha kwezinto ezikhanyisiwe futhi, uma kunesidingo, ulungise ukuphakama.
Indlela yokukhanyisa isibani
Ngokuvamile ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo kuyadingeka ebusika. Ngokwesilinganiso, izimbali zidinga usuku lokukhanya ngehora lesi-12, izitshalo ezincane nezithombo - kuze kube amahora angu-16. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwamadivaysi okulawula kuhambisana nokukhanya kwemvelo.
Ekuseni nasebusuku bavula imishini amahora amathathu kuya kwangu-4. Isici esiyinhloko - ukukhanya okuvamile, ukuguquka ngezikhathi ezithile ngeke kulethe izinzuzo. 
Awukwazi ukuwudlula ngokukhanya: izitshalo zinama-biorhyms azo, futhi ukukhanya kwe-clock-clock kungalimaza izinqubo zabo zemvelo. Izitshalo eziningi ebusika ziphumula.
Lezi zitshalo ziqukethe ebusika ngaphandle kokuntwela kokushisa kokushisa kusuka ku-zero kuya ku-degrees ezinhlanu. Isiqephu - ngokuba izimbali ebusika.
Kubalulekile! Ukuqeda ingozi yokuchayeka ngokweqile, thenga i-timer eyovala ukukhanya uma kunesidingo.
Isitshalo ngasinye sihlukile ngendlela yaso, ngakho-ke, uma uthola "isilwane", qiniseka ukuthi ubuze mayelana nama-nuances okuyikhathalela, kuhlanganise nezidingo zalo zokukhanyisa. Lesi yisici esibalulekile empilweni nasekuphiliseni kwesilwane sakho esiluhlaza.
Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi
Ngisebenzisa izibani ze-OSRAM ze-neodymium ngenxa ye-alloy yezibani ze-neodymium esiseduze ngangokunokwenzeka kwi-spectrum yelanga. Zenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukukhanyisa izitshalo ngisho nokugqugquzela ukukhula.
