Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile Ficus Varietis ("Ficus Varietis") - Lokhu akulona uhlobo lwezinhlobo zezilwane, kodwa ukubeka uphawu emapulazini ensimini, atholakala kumalebula ezitshalo.
Ukuhunyushwa kwangempela kwalokhu kubhaliswa - "uhlobo lwe-ficus", luyonke indawo kubo bonke abamele lesi sitshalo.
Abalimi balimi kufanele bazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-ficus olutholakale lingelabo.
Kodwa, njengoba kungenzeka, imithetho yokunakekelwa ifana nayo iningi labo.
Incazelo jikelele
Izwe likaFicus lizalwa ngamahlathi aseMpumalanga Asia.
Ngakho-ke, lezi zitshalo ziyakuthanda ukushisa, inqwaba yokukhanya okumswakama kanye nomswakama ophezulu.
Ngaphandle, zibukeka njengezihlahla noma izihlahla ezinamagatsha amakhulu.
Endle, bangafinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme cishe amamitha ayi-10 sikhule ekhaya kuze kube ngamamitha angu-2.
Ngakho-ke, kudingeka uyixazulule endaweni evulekile futhi ecatshangelwe kahle.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ukunakekela emva kokuthenga
I-Ficus "Varietis" (Varietis) ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ekhaya. Noma kunjalo, izitshalo azithandi ukuphazamiseka kaningi.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze uthole isitshalo esanda kutholakala, kufanele ukhethe indawo enomphela eyoyihambisana nazo zonke izici.
UFicus akathandi ukweqisa.
Kudinga ukukhanya okuningi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo imisebe yelanga akufanele iqondiswe ngqo.
Ukhululekile ezindaweni ezingenawo umoya, kepha ukulungiswa okuqhubekayo kungalimaza isitshalo.
Ukunisela
Imithetho yokunisela iyomuntu ngamunye kwisitshalo ngasinye.
Konke okubalulekile lapha: ubudala, indawo yezitshalo, usayizi nokuningi.
Ngakho-ke, umnikazi we-ficus angasungula izinga eliphakeme lokuchelela ngezilingo ngisho namaphutha.
Into eyinhloko okufanele uqaphele:
- Udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ebhodweni yayingekho emanzini kakhulu, kodwa ungalindeli imifantu eyomile emhlabathini.
- Kwanele ukulinda isisindo sezulu ukuze some; lokhu kungabhekwa ngokufaka umunwe emhlabathini ngo-3 cm.
- Ungakhohlwa ukuthulula amanzi amaningi ngokweqile.
E-ficus ehlobo idinga ukuchelela okuvamile njalo.
Ebusika, akufanele uchithe i-ficus kaningi kunesikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-10.
Kunconywa ukuba uchithe amaficus afudumele (izinga lokushisa kwamakamelo), amanzi ahleliwe.
Ukwakheka komqhele
Kusukela ku-ficus kungenza isitrub noma umuthi ngesicelo somnikazi. Ngalokhu udinga ukwenza kahle umqhele.
Uma i-ficus isabelwe umgogodla oyinhloko, ingaba yisiqu somuthi esizayo.
Ukuze isitshalo senze kahle, udinga ukususa wonke amahlumela, ngaphandle 3-5 i-topmost.
Uma i-ficus ifinyelela ukuphakama okufunayo, kufanele uphonse phezulu futhi uthathe amahlumela ohlangothini - ngezikhathi ezithile usike ukuze umqhele wesimo esifunyiwe ukhiwe.
Uma usika ohlangothini uhlumela ngokukhetha, ushiye abanye phakathi kwesiqu, ungakha umuthi ohlangene nomqhele omncane.
I-Ficus bush izovela uma uqala ukuchoboza wonke amahlumela ekuphakameni kwe-10-15 cm.
Ngokushesha nje lapho uhlangothi olusha luqhuma, luqondiswa ngaphandle, lukhule ubude obufanayo, kuyodingeka ukuthi luphinde futhi.
Umhlaba nenhlabathi
Uma uneminyaka embalwa, ungashintsha iningi lezwe elibumbulule elisha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi kufanele ikhule emthonjeni nasehlobo.
Ngale njongo, inhlanganisela ye-mullein, umlotha wokhuni kanye nettle tincture iphelele ngesikhathi sasehlobo.
Ebusika, unganciphisa umanyolo othengwe ngesitolo, oqukethe i-nitrogen.
Ukutshala nokufakelwa kabusha
Njengoba inhlabathi yesitshalo esincane, ungakhetha inhlabathi yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngezinto ezincane zamaqabunga.
Ku-ficus omdala, umhlabathi kufanele uqhathaniswe nama-humus nesendlalelo sezwe elimnandi.
Ithiphu: Uma ukulungiswa okuzimele kwenhlanganisela yomhlaba kunzima, ungakwazi njalo ukuthenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo.
Lapho igumbi lobumba linyene kakhulu nezimpande ezihlangene, i-ficus izodinga ukufakwa endaweni engenawo isitsha esikhulu. Isibonakaliso salokhu kungase kube ukomisa nezitshalo zokuhamba.
Kungcono ukutshala ama-ficus entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Kodwa izitshalo ezincane zingasetshenziselwa ukwedlula kanye ngonyaka, futhi kaningi kakhulu kunezitshalo abadala - kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
Ngenhloso efanayo, lapho ukufakelwa kabusha, kungenzeka ukuba unciphise kancane izimpande zesitshalo.
Ukuzala
Ama-ficus akhiqiza ngezindlela ezahlukene, kodwa akwenze ngesikhathi esisodwa - entwasahlobo.
Indlela ethandwa kakhulu - i-vegetative, okungukuthi, cuttings. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukusika amahlumela oblique kusuka phezulu ngokugqamile. Ekude, kumele bafinyelele 10-15 cm.
Amaqabunga awo amakhulu kufanele anqunywe ngesigamu noma aphikiswe ngotshani ukuze anciphise ukufudumala, futhi ishidi eliphansi kufanele liqedwe ngokuphelele.
Ijusi elimhlophe elivela kucezu lidinga ukuhlanzwa ukuze lingaphazamisi ukwakheka kwezimpande, bese ubeka ukusika emanzini amahora ambalwa, futhi emva kwamahora amaningana umise ucezu.
Okulandelayo, izimpande kwisibambo zingakhula ngezindlela ezimbili.
Noma uyibeke esitsheni ngamanzilapho i-carbon esebenzayo ichitheka futhi igcine isiqu endaweni ekhanyayo yamaviki angu-2-4, igcina ukushisa ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-25 kanye nomswakama ophezulu.
Noma ngokushesha ufake i-substrate ye-peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-vermiculite (njengendlela yokukhetha, lokhu kungashintshwa nge-perlite).
Ucezu omile ofafazwe ngamalahle achotshoziwe futhi watshalwe enhlabathini, ehlanganiswe nephakheji noma imbiza. Umhlaba kufanele ugcinwe umanzi.
"Ukushisa okushisa" okunjalo kudinga ukuba kube njalo umoya, futhi uma amaqabunga amasha avela ku-cuttings, izitshalo ezincane zinganconywa kancane kancane kusukela ezimweni zokushisa zibe zivamile.
Ukukhiqiza kungenzeka futhi ngosizo lweqabunga elinesigqabha se stem. Ukusika okuqondile kunqunywe ngenhla kwe-budilla axillary, ne-oblique ephansi - ngokubanjwa kwengxenye enkulu ye-internode.
Ingcwatshwa emhlabathini kuze kube seqabeni lamaqabunga, futhi iqabunga ngokwalo ligoqwe futhi liboshwe. Ngalo, ungakwazi ukweqa isikhonkwane - sokuzinza. Gcina ngaphansi kwefilimu noma ingilazi cishe amasonto 3-4.
Ama-ficus amakhulu emithi angandisa ukufakwa kwe-air. Kule ngxenye ye-trunk (10-15 cm) ngaphakathi kwezingu-60 cm kusukela phezulu ngokwayo kuhlanzwa amaqabunga namahlumela, phakathi naphansi kwefindo i-ring bark iyanqunywa e-cambium (ububanzi obuseduze - 1-1.5 cm).
I-cut isphathwa ngendlela yokuvuselela ukukhula kwezimpande, ehlanganiswe nge-sphagnum ngamanzi omuncu futhi ehlanganiswe ne-polyethylene ebonakalayo, ukulungisa izintambo noma ukukhipha izinhlangothi zombili. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, izimpande zakhiwa, futhi uma zithuthukile kahle, izingqimba zingadliwa futhi zitshalwe emhlabathini.
Ukushisa
Ama-ficus e-Thermophilic awabekezeli ukubandayo.
Ehlobo zikhululekile emazingeni okushisa phansi 35 degrees of ukushisa.
Ebusika ukunciphisa kuyamukeleka kuze kube ngu-20 degrees - kodwa hhayi epholile.
Kubalulekile: ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-ficus ayifaki izimpande - awufanele uyibeke phansi phansi noma efasiteleni lokugcina.
Isithombe
Ku-photo ficus "Varietis" (Izinhlobonhlobo):
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngokuvamile, ama-ficus ayamelana ngokwanele kuzo zonke izifo nezinambuzane, ikakhulu uma isitshalo sinemibandela yokududuza efanele. Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi izinkathazo zisenzeka.
Izifo ezikhona zingabandakanya i-fungal anthracnose ne-chilli. Ziyabonakala izilonda noma amabala emaqabunga.
Amaqabunga agulayo kufanele asuswe futhi uphathe i-ficus fungicide. Ngesikhathi sokugula lesi sitshalo asidingi ukuba siphofwe ngamanzi.
Kungcono ukunciphisa ukuchelela nokukhipha igumbi nsuku zonke.
Amaconsi e-edema avela ngenxa yokuchelela ngokweqile, ukuwa kweqabunga - ngenxa yokushintsha okungazelelwe kokushisa nomswakama.
Kulezi zimo, udinga nje ukulungisa uhlelo lokunakekela i-ficus.
Izinambuzane eziyinhloko zama-ficus ziyizinambuzane zesicabucabu.
Ungabalwa nabo ngosizo lwamakhemikhali okufanele usebenzise ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo.
Ungasula futhi amaqabunga esitshalo ngesisombululo sokuphuza utshwala.
Enye indlela - sebenzisa u-anyanisi noma ukumnika ukugoma.
Kubalulekile! Uma izinambuzane zivele esitshalweni esifanayo, ngenhloso ye-prophylaxis, ezinye izimbali zasendlini kufanele ziphathwe ngokumelene nezinambuzane.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ficus ngokuvamile iguqula.
Kodwa uma lo mhlanga echaza ngokunembile futhi ngokufanele izihlobo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo zakhe, uzokwazi ukumnikeza izimo ezifanele kakhulu ezizosiza imfucuza yasekhaya ukuba yembule kuyo yonke inkazimulo yayo.
