Ukugcinwa kwensimu noma i-cottage kuhlotshaniswa nenani elikhulu lamasu ahlukene e-agrotechnical. Ezinye zazo zisetshenziselwa "imodi yokubhala", kanti izindlela ezisebenzayo zihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwemishini ekhethekile. Ezindaweni ezinkulu, izindlela zendawo yonke zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi eminingana emhlabathini ngesikhathi esisodwa. Sifunda ukuthi yikuphi ukulima futhi ukuthi kuyasiza kanjani umhlaba.
Iyini le ndlela yokulima
Lena enye yezindlela zokucubungula ezithandwa kakhulu. Ihlinzekela ukulima ngaphandle kwemali ye-reservoir, kanti isendlalelo esincane esinyakanyisiwe singenziwa phezulu.
Uma kudlula ukujula okuhlukene, ukukhululeka, ukudiliza, kanye nokuxuba kancane kwesigaba esingenhla kunikeziwe. Uma ubheka insimu ngemuva kokusebenza okunjalo, kubonakala sengathi ibukeka sengathi ibonakala. 
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-rhizomes of ukhula anqunywa ngale ndlela. Yebo, futhi ukufaka imithi yokuxuba noma umquba kumasayithi amakhulu, inqubo yokushayela ngezimoto iyimfuneko.
Le ndlela inezinye izinzuzo:
- lapho uhambisa isendlalelo esingenhla ngaphandle kwe-blade yayo eqhubekayo, umswakama ungagcinwa kangcono;
- Ukufinyelela emoyeni kuyathuthukiswa;
- ngokunyakaza okuncane, izinambuzane ezinomsoco ezisebenzayo zenziwa ukuthi zondle inhlabathi;
- umhlaba uphuthuma ngokushesha, osindisa isikhathi (lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo).
Kubalulekile! Lapho besebenza nama-tillers, abanye bafaka izicucu ezenziwe ngokwenziwa (ezibizwa ngokuthi ziqinisiwe). Lokhu akufanelekile ukwenza - injini ayikwazi ukubhekana nabo, ngaphandle kwalokho, ezindaweni ezinzima izobe isiphezulu.
Izinhlobo zokulima
Ezigaba ezahlukene zokukhula kwezitshalo, izinhlobo ezahlukene zokucubungula zisetshenziswa, ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile kakhulu. Ake siqale ngokungena okuvame kakhulu.
I-Interrow
Lokhu kusebenza, njengoba kusho igama, kuhloswe ukusebenza phakathi kwemigqa yezitshalo ezitshalwe. Lesi esinye sezici eziyinhloko zokucubungula okukhiqizayo, okusetshenziselwa izitshalo zamazambane, beet, imifino kanye nommbila.
Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile ze-interrow "ukungena", ukulima okunjalo kwenziwa njengoba izitshalo zikhula, futhi inani lezokwelapha lithathwa ngokudingekayo. Uma ukhula lukhula kakhulu, inhlabathi nayo ihlanganiswe kakhulu - ukwelashwa kwenziwa kaningi ngaphezu kwenhlabathi ehlanzekile (ekujuleni kwe-14 cm esikhundleni se-12 evamile). 
Kungenziwa kuhlanganiswe nokufaka umquba noma isicelo se-pesticide, ukusika izimbobo zokunisela nokunakekela amazambane. Ezindaweni ezinezinhlabathi ezimanzi, ukulima lapho usebenza nemifino yezimpande kuvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-hilling.
Iqinile
Kusukela ohlangothini kubonakala kulula - leyunithi iyahamba yonke indawo. Isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-steam ehlanzekile noma izindawo ezigcinwe ukulima. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kutshalwa kwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlwanyela ngaphambili.
Uyazi? Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, abanye abaqhubi bamashini ekuphishekeleni ukusebenza okuphezulu bafika ekukhohliseni - ploughshare yafakwa ekujuleni okujulile, okwandisa ijubane lokuhamba. Lokhu kungabhekwa njengenye yezibonakaliso zaleso sikhathi. - ngokuphishekela "shaft" kanye nohlelo oluqinile, ikhwalithi yalahlekelwa umbono.Entwasahlobo, ingqimba yomhlabathi ikhululiwe, ihlanganiswe phakathi nobusika, ngaleyo ndlela ihlinzekela "ukugeleza" nokusakazwa kwemoya. Indlela yokuqala yenziwa engajulile - cishe ngo-6 kuya ku-16 cm. Inani elithile lixhomeke esimweni sezwe: bayangena ngokujulile emasimini okumisa ngokushesha.
Ukusebenza nge-steam ehlanzekile kuqhutshwa ngaphansi kwe-12 cm; ngokuphambana okuphindaphindiwe, umcibisholo uvezwe ku-6 cm.Masinyane ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, ukujula kuthathwa ezingeni lezinto ezenzekayo imbewu (inothi ukuthi inhlabathi izonikela kancane kancane). Uma uhlela imifino ye-furrow, i- "paws" igxila omunye u-2-3 cm.
Zombili lezi zindlela kubonakala zingenzima kakhulu, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwazo kuhlotshaniswa nenani lezinhlupho okufanele kucatshangwe ngokwehlukana.
Lokho abakwenzayo nokuthi yini ikhwalithi incike kuyo
Ake siqale nge "props". Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezokwelapha kanye nendawo yesayithi, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zabalimi zingasetshenziswa:
- Ukubamba ngesandla Kukhona ukujikeleza nokukhululeka. Eyokuqala yi-shaft enezinsizakalo zenkanyezi ezincane-ububanzi, ezihlanganiswe nesibambo. Kulula ukucubungula imibhede ephakeme ngamakhukhamba kanye namazambane amakhulu. Ukukhululeka - ukuphatha okufanayo, kodwa kakade ngamazinyo abhekiswe emaphethelweni (kungaba khona 3 noma 5). Zisetshenziselwa izimo "ezinzima" (zokugcina izithombo noma ngemigqa eqinile);
- Ama-motor-abalimi kanye nama-motor-block of power ezahlukene. Imikhiqizo yephansi (kufika ku-3 hp), Medium (3-6 hp) Futhi amandla aphezulu athengiswa. Amayunithi "aqinile" anamakhompi angu-6-10 "amahhashi." Zonke zihlukile ngesisindo nokusebenza (amandla aphezulu - kakhulu ukujula nokubanzi ukuphathwa kwe "paws"). Okuhle kakhulu engadini enkulu, futhi isethi yamathiselwe okunamathiselwe yenza kubaluleke kakhulu emnothweni;
- Izindlela eziphakanyisiwe zamatrakta. Lokhu kungenxa yomlimi ngendlela enkulu. Izinyunithi ezinjalo ziyizinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ezikhiqizayo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo zidinga ukugcinwa njalo nokulungiswa njalo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemigqa, izindlela zokukhiqiza ziyasetshenziswa, kanti ukutshala kwentwasahlobo yomhlabathi wocingo ngogandaganda olula kwenziwa ngokuhlanganyela kwesipiliyoni esikhethekile "somlilo".
Kubalulekile! Ama-prostetskie abalimi bezandla bazokwazi ukulingana ne-cottage encane enezwe elihle. Emasimini "asindayo" kunomqondo omncane kubo, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukumboza "isiqephu" esikhulu ngethuluzi elinjalo.
Ngaphambi kokucubungula, zonke izingxenye zokusebenza (amapuleti, izinyawo, iziphethu, amadiski) zihloliwe.
Sesivele sikhuluma ngokujulile "okusebenzayo" okuqondiswayo, okwenzela u-ripper. Lezi zibekezelo zihlale zigcinwa, njengoba kuqinisekiswe yinoma iyiphi i-agronomist. Kodwa akunangqondo ukufeza ukunemba okuphelele ensimini, ngakho-ke isentimitha esisodwa "indent" sivunyelwe. Uma ukhetha izilungiselelo, izici ezifana nesimo somhlabathi kanye nokucindezela kwisigaba sokusebenza (izinyo noma "i-paw") nazo zicatshangelwa. Isisindo esiningi siwela ezingxenyeni ezinjalo, kuyoba ukujula okukhulu. 
Uyazi? Ugandaganda wokuqala onamanzi okutshala amandla. Lawa "dinosaurs" adle amathani amalahle namamitha ayi cubic amanzi, kodwa akhokhele ngokushesha ngokushesha. Yonke into ishintshe ukubonakala kojwayelekile kwa-ICE - Izindawo zaqala ukulahlekelwa ukuthandwa, nakuba emazweni amaningana asetshenziselwa kuze kube yi-1930.Ukutshalwa kwekhwalithi ephakeme kakhulu yamathuluzi amakhulu nakho kusho ukukhetha okuhle kweseluleko. Ngakho-ke, ukulima kokuqala kwenkathi kwenziwa njalo kulo lonke elasekuqaleni (noma okungenani ekhoneni), futhi ukuhlwanyela ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela akufanele kuhambisane nesiqondiso sesitshalo.
Kuncike ekutheni iziqu zikagandaganda - indlela yakhe ekhethiwe yokuhamba komzila we-trailer ngokuyingxenye "ubeka isisekelo" sokuvuna esizayo.
Abashayeli abanokuhlangenwe nakho esigabeni sokuqala esiqhubekayo bashukunyiswa indlela yokuhamba - insimu ihlukaniswe izikhombe, futhi ngayinye idluliselwa ngokwehlukana, ama-patch intermediate asetshenziswe ekugcineni.
Abantu abaningi bakhetha i-cross diagonal cross mode eyinkimbinkimbi. Kufanelekile emasimini amakhulu, lapho kungekho khona izithiyo ezikhethekile. 
Izindlela ezinokubamba kakhulu ziqala ngokuqoqa ("izikwele" ziyahlangana).
Njengoba ungabona, nanamakho kukhona ubuqili umlimi okufanele abukhumbule. Abanikazi be-dacha noma ingadi yemifino ehlaba umxhwele bavame ukuthakazelisa kwenye into-ukuthi ukulima okulungile kwesayithi kwenziwa kanjani ngogandaganda ohamba ngokujwayelekile.
Zijwayeze ngezici zobuchwepheshe ze-Neva MB 2, i-Salyut 100, i-Zubr JR-Q12E, ama-motoblocks we-Centaur 1081D.
Ukulima
Leli yunithi lisiza entwasahlobo, lapho umhlaba usuqedile "ugqamile", futhi usadinga ukukhipha isakhiwo. I-algorithm izoba kanje:
- Abaqambi bokuqala bafakiwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ususe amasondo wokuthumela. Amasethi amabili ahlanganiswe kanyekanye (eyodwa ngakwesinye icala). Izingxenye zokusika ziqondiswa phambili njengoba umshini uqhubeka. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi indawo yokusebenza yommese akufanele ibe yimpumelelo kakhulu (ngenxa yalokhu, ibhulogi limane nje "lamanga" lapho usika phansi);
- I-earring ifakwa esilweni, esizobamba isisindo;
- I-opener ngokwayo ifakwa emgqeni ngokusebenzisa umkhono, futhi ngokuthembeka ifakwe nephini le-cotter. Esikhathini sokuvula kukhona imigodi eminingana, ngayinye yayo "enesibopho" sokujula okuthile. Ezimweni eziningi, lesibili sisetshenziswe ngezansi (cishe 20 cm). Ngesidingo, isikhundla sishintshiwe (siya ngokujulile noma sithatha phezulu);
- Ngemuva kokufakwa, kuhleleka ukwenza "ukugijima" ukulawula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izilungiselelo zilungile;
- Ukucubungula kwenziwa ekudlulisweni kwesibili (okuthuthukisiwe), kule modeli, abaqashi bafika nenani elikhulu lokuguqulwa. Ukuze ukhululeke - into efanayo;
- Ukuze uvimbele umshini "ekugubungeni", gcina iziphakamiso eziphakeme futhi ungashukumisi isondo lokuqondisa phansi ngaphandle kwamandla. Ukuqhuma ibhulogi akufanelekile: uma ukujula okujwayelekile "kubanjwa" futhi umhlaba usuvele usomile, awudingi usizo olwengeziwe;
- Ngemva kokudlula umqambi wokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi ubuka ukujula kanye nekhwalithi yokulima. Ukukhishwa ku-ungqimba ongaphezulu kumele kuphethwe;
- Umzila olandelayo udonswa ukuze umcibisholo wokugaya ulandele umugqa ngakwesokunxele nge-coulter. Uma kungenjalo, ama-"patches patches" angatholakalanga azobonakala kusayithi.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokusetshenziselwa (ikakhulukazi emva kokupaka kwebusika), hlola umhambahambayo, ulalele ngokukhethekile isimiso samandla. Phakathi nenkathi yokulondolozwa, i-carburetor ingase "ihlanganise" futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ungaqalisi uphethiloli.
Kwenzeka ukuthi umhambi osebenzayo umane nje "akahambanga." Lokhu kuvamile emhlabathini owinkimbinkimbi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-coulter isethwe ngaphezulu (kuya ku-10 cm), futhi ukungena kokuqala kwenziwa ngalesi silungiselelo. Indlela yesibili ithathwa ngokunqunywa kwezicucu ezijulile. Umsebenzi wamanje esiteshini esenziwa ngezimodemu ezifanayo. Ukwahlukana kuphela ekujuleni nasezinamathiselwe (esikhundleni sabakwa-cutters yizinsika eziphahleni noma ama-disc harrows). Konke lokhu "ipulazi" kuyodingeka kubekwe ububanzi obudingekayo ukuze kungalimazi izitshalo. Ngokwemvelo, izinkambo ezinjalo kufanele zenzelwe imodeli ethile yeyunithi.
Uyazi? Ukulima kudla indima emlandweni we-USSR. Umkhankaso omusha owethulwe ekusakazeni izindawo ezinkulu zezwe elingakaze lizwe. Imiphumela yokuqala yayiyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ukuphambana kokuqala kanye ne "sturmovschina" kwaholela ekutheni isivuno sasingekho indawo yokugcina. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, izwe laphoqeleka ukuthenga ukolweni phesheya.Sifunde ukuthi yikuphi ukulima okuhlanganisiwe nokuthi kwenzeka kanjani ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Sithemba ukuthi le datha izosiza ekutholeni indlela efanele yokucubungula. Izithelo ezinkulu kuwe!
