Leli berry elihlwabusayo futhi enempilo, njengama-strawberries noma ama-strawberries engadini, lingakhula unyaka wonke ezindaweni ezibamba ukushisa. Impumelelo yale nkampani ixhomeke ekukhethweni okufanele kwezinto ezihlukahlukene nokunakekelwa okufanele kwesitshalo. Izincomo mayelana nokutshala ama-strawberries ku-greenhouse zingatholakala ngezansi.
Izinhlobo ezinhle zokushisa eziphezulu kakhulu
I-strawberries ekhulayo ebamba lokushisa yenza kube lula ukuba namajikijolo akhiqiza etafuleni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sonyaka nesimo sezulu, sisindisa isikhala ngokubekwa kwe-compact of bushs futhi silondoloze iphesenti enkulu yesitshalo.
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho ngamasampula asekupheleni bathola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezitshalo ze-strawberries ezikhombisa isivuno esihle kakhulu uma sikhulile emhlabathini ovikelwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu kufanele akhethe izinhlobo eziphakeme zokunikezela, ukuphumula, ukuzivocavoca, izinsuku zokungathathi hlangothi. Sikuhlanganisele wena ukubuka ngokuningiliziwe nencazelo emfushane yezinhlobo eziningi ezidumile.
- "Albion". I-Remontant, enekhono lokuphindaphinda okuhlukahlukeneyo. Wabalwa ngo-2006 e-USA. Ibonakala ngokuvunwa okuphezulu (0.4-2 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ngesizini ngasinye), amajikijolo amakhulu (40-60 g ngamunye), ukumelana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngokuphuthumayo, i-anthracnose ne-gray gray.
- "Brighton". Izinhlobo eziphindaphindiwe eziphindaphindiwe, ezinkulu-ezihlanganiswa nabalimi baseMelika. Iqukethe ama-compact bushs eziqhakaza kakhulu. Amajikijolo amakhulu - 50-60 g isisindo, umbala omuhle obomvu nge-revarnished. Ihluke ekuthutheni okuhle. Lesi sitshalo simelana nezifo ezifayo.
- "Gigantella". Izinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe eHolland. Iveza izithelo ezinkulu ezinesisindo esingaba ngu-100 g. Amajikijolo aqinile, athengisa kahle, ane-flavour ecebile enomnandi nephunga le-ananas. Izihlahla kulezi ezihlukahlukene zihlangene. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu - kufika ku-3 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ngesizini ngasinye.
- "Crown". Izinhlobonhlobo zadalwa ngabalimi baseDashi ngo-1972. Yathandwa ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokukhiqiza, isikhathi eside se-fruiting, hardiness ebusika (kuze kube yi--22 degrees), ukumelana nesomiso, nokuphikiswa kwezifo eziningi ze-fungal. Amajikijolo avela ku "Crown" ngobukhulu obuphakathi - 15-30 g, ukuphakama okuphakathi, okunomsoco futhi okuhlwabusayo.
- "Indlovukazi u-Elizabeth". Izinhlobonhlobo eziphakama kakhulu - isihlahla esisodwa siletha kufika ku-1.5 kg ngesizini ngasinye. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zalo kukhona izihlahla ezihlangene (kuze kufinyelele ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zingatshalwa ngamamitha ayizikwele), isikhathi eside isikhathi eside (izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezihlanu) ukuhluma, isivuno sokuqala ngoMeyi, ukumelana nesithwathwa kanye nokugula okuningi. Amajikijolo ayinambitha, athutheka kahle, agcinwe isikhathi eside. Izinhlobonhlobo azibekezeli izinga lokushisa eliphezulu namanzi.
- "Octave". Izinhlobonhlobo ezivela kubalimi base-Ukraine. Ihlukana nokukhiqiza okuphezulu, amanani amajikijolo amnandi namanzi aqinile ahamba kahle.
- "San Andreas". Bred to the USA. Izithelo izikhathi ezine ngesilinganiso ngasinye sonyaka ngesayizi (30-35 g) amajikijolo amazinyo agcinwe kahle futhi athuthwa. Ukuvunwa okulinganiselwe kuyinto eyi-1 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye ngenkathi. Lesi sitshalo simelana nezifo, ikakhulukazi ukubona.
- "Sonata". Izinhlobonhlobo zaseDutch, ezakhiwe iminyaka engu-14. Ngokusho izici zayo ukunambitheka nokubukeka amajikijolo alingana ne reference ezihlukahlukene "Elsanta". Lesi sitshalo sihlobo sasebusika-siqinile, singenakuzithoba, sivumela-siza-1.5 kg esihlahleni. Amajikijolo ayahamba kahle futhi agcinwe. Banezinambitheka ezimnandi, cishe umumo ophelele kanye nesiphunga esiphundu se-strawberry.
- Uju. Ibanga elivuthiwe elivuthiwe. Inikeza amajikijolo amakhulu namakhulu amahle ngokukhanya. Inyama yabo iyiphunga elimnandi, elinamanzi, elibonakala ngezimfanelo ze-dessert elihle, elilinganiselwa ku-4.6-5 amaphuzu. Amajikijolo ayahamba kahle futhi agcinwe kahle. Isihlahla esisodwa ngesilinganiso ngasinye siletha cishe u-1.2 kg. Lesi sitshalo sibonakala yi-frost ukumelana, ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
- "Elsanta".Ukukhiqizwa okuhlukahlukene kweziDashi. Ukukhiqizwa kwalo kwenza u-1.5-2 kg ovela esihlahleni. Inzuzo enkulu yalesi sitrobheli zinkulu, 40-45 g ngamunye, amajikijolo anomusa omuhle we-dessert, amakwe amaphuzu aphezulu kakhulu. Zihamba kahle zihanjiswe, aziphathi isikhathi eside. Ukuphikisana nokubonakala nokugcoba ukubola.
Uyazi? Ngaphezu kokubomvu okwejwayelekile kithi, kukhona nesobhoji esimhlophe, esinomunwe we-ananas.
Uyazi? I-strawberry enkulu kunazo zonke ikwazi ukukhulisa umhlali waseJapan Koji Nakao. I-berry yayinesisindo esingama-250 g. Ngenkathi ngesilinganiso, izithelo zifinyelela isisindo sika-15-30 g.
Indlela ukukhetha okuhle sitrobheli izithombo
Ukuze uthole isivuno esivulekile, ngaphezu kokukhetha okulungile kwezinhlobo, kufanele futhi uthenge izithombo eziphezulu. Uma uthenga ngezitshalo kubalulekile ukwenza lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- hlola amaqabunga - kufanele abe nokubukeka okunempilo, umbala ocebile ohlaza, awunamabala, imibimbi, amabala kanye nomonakalo;
- balala amashidi - kufanele okungenani abathathu kuwo ekuphumeni;
- ukuhlola i-collar yezimpande ngokungabi khona kokubola, izindawo, nokuhlola amandla ayo (ngokuvamile - okungenani ama-5 mm ububanzi);
- ukuhlola isimo sezimpande - kumele kube nempilo futhi ithuthukiswe kahle, okungenani ubude obuyi-7 cm.
Kulabo abahlela ukutshala ama-strawberries athengiswa, sincoma ukuthenga okuthiwa izithombo ezinempilo - izitshalo ezikhulile kusuka ezihlahleni ze-uterine ezimweni ezikhethekile. Lezi zithombo zibiza kakhulu kunezikhathi ezivamile, kodwa zinezimpikiswano eziphezulu kwizifo nezinambuzane, zikhombisa isivuno esiphezulu. 
Ukukhiqiza okukhulu kunakho konke okungazuzwa ezitshalweni ezazisuswa ngesikhathi sezimbali zezimbali. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthenga izithombo ezinsimini eziqinisekisiwe nezitshalo eziqinisekisiwe.
Kubalulekile! Ukutholakala kwamachashazi amhlophe ezitshalweni kufakazela ubufakazi bokutheleleka kwawo ngezifo zefungal. Amapheshana amasha abonisa ukuthi kukhona ukulimala okuphuthumayo okuphuthumayo. Isikhumba esinamaqabunga amahlamvu sibonakaliso sokulimala kwamantombazane. Ukuthengwa kwezitshalo ngezimpawu ezingenhla kufanele kushiywe.
Umhlabathi wokulima
Into yokuqala okufanele uqaphele lapho ukutshala ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi. Ulungiswe ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuba izitshalo zibekwe endaweni yokushisa. Umphumela omuhle ungatholakala ezweni lomsoco elisetshenziselwa izitshalo zokudla.
Ukukhiqiza umanyolo nge humus noma umquba ukugcwalisa izici ezilandelwayo ezidingekayo kanye peat, okuyinto kuzokwenza ngcono izimfanelo air-futhi umswakama-ezibonakalayo zenhlabathi futhi nokwandisa izinga acidity. Uma inhlabathi i-acidic kakhulu, kuzodingeka ungeze i-lime - 50 kg ngekhulu. 
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ufunde ngendlela yokuzikhethela ngokuzimela ubuhle be-asidi enhlabathini, kanye nendlela yokukhipha inhlabathi kusayithi.
Ngaphambi kokutshala ezweni langaphambi kokumanzi yenza:
- superphosphate - 30 g / 1 sq. m;
- i-potassium chloride - 15 g / 1 sq. m
Ukutshala izithombo
Namuhla, ama-strawberries ayethandwa ukuba akhule ngezindlela ezintathu:
- Indabuko - emhlabathini.
- Ezimbizeni.
- Emasakeni epulasitiki noma esikhwameni.
Isikimu esincane
Ukuhamba kuyindlela yokubeka imigqa emibili noma iphethini lokuhlola. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe ngu-30-40 cm, phakathi kwamahlathi - 25-30 cm, phakathi kwemichilo - 80-100 cm. Uma izithombo zathengwa emabhodwe, zifakelwa kabusha ngokuzidlulisela emigodini eyi-10 cm ejulile ngaphandle kokubhubhisa i-coma yomhlaba.
Sincoma ukufunda mayelana nendlela yokunakekela ama-strawberry emva kokuvuna, kanye nendlela yokunciphisa amaqabunga namadevu ama-strawberries nesikhathi sokuvuna.
Iphuzu lokukhula kumele lihlale ngaphansi komhlaba. Emva kokutshala, izitshalo zanisela futhi zihlanganiswe nge-sawdust, utshani, i-geotextile noma ezinye izinto. Ukunisela ngenyanga yokuqala emva kokutshala kwenziwa nsuku zonke.
Ezimbizeni ezikhethekile
Ubuchwepheshe beDashi buhilela ukutshala izithombo ngezimbiza ezihlukene. Zitholakala emathayisini amahlanu noma ayisithupha - ngakho-ke imitha ngayinye yesigcawu ifanelana nezihlahla ezingaba ngu-50. 
Ukutshala ezimbizeni kuyodingeka ukulungisa i-substrate kusuka:
- peat (izingxenye ezimbili);
- i-perlite (isici esisodwa);
- sawdust (izingxenye eziyi-1.5).
Izimbiza kufanele zibe ngu-18-20 cm ububanzi, ezenziwe nge-plastic, izinkuni, kodwa hhayi zensimbi. Ziboshwe ezinqabeni ezikhethekile, zifake izigqoko zokhuni noma zensimbi.
Ama-strawberry asetshalwe njengama-houseplants ajwayelekile: abeka ungqimba wamanzi phansi, agcwalise ibhodlela nge-substrate ehambelanisiwe, ubeke ngokucophelela uhlelo lwempande emgodini bese ulufafaza nge-substrate, ululaze kalula. Ekupheleni kokutshala izitshalo kudingeka ziphuze. Kubalulekile ukungakhohlwa ukuthi kukhona imbobo yokugcoba ebhodweni ukususa umswakama owedlule.
Kubalulekile! Le ndlela yokulima ayifanele izinhlobonhlobo ezakha uhlelo lwempande elinamandla kakhulu neziqu ezide.
Ividiyo: i-strawberries ekhulayo ezimbizeni
Emaphakheji
Enye indlela yokutshala imbiza ukutshala izikhwama zepulasitiki, okuyinto eqhubekayo ithandwa phakathi kwabalimi. Ngezindleko, le ndlela ishibhile kakhulu.
Zijwayeze ngobuchwepheshe bokutshalwa kwe-sitrobheli usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Finnish, i-hydroponics, kanye nama-strawberries angama-ampelous.
Okuyinhloko ukuthi i-substrate ithululelwa emasakeni amakhulu epulasitiki amakhulu, okungahle abe mbala omhlophe, afakwe phansi, abekwa emagqumeni, futhi amisiwe kusuka kuzibopho zokugqoka. Amaphakheji afaneleka amaphakheji angama-16 ngo-210 cm.
Ngaphansi kwezikhwama zanda ubumba njengamanzi, bese uzigcwalisa nge-substrate ye-peat ne-perlite ngokulinganisela okulingana (inhlanganisela yomhlabathi we-turf, isihlabathi somfula, i-sawdust ne-humus nayo izokwenza). Khona-ke phakathi kwephakheji yenza ukufakwa kwe-8 cm kude no-25-30 cm komunye nomunye. Bafaka izithombo ezihlaza.
Ukuze ukutshala ama-strawberries besebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe buzodinga inhlangano yokunisela ukuchelela. Esikhundleni sezikhwama zepulasitiki, izikhwama ze-polypropylene nazo zisetshenziswa, isibonelo, ezenziwe ushukela. 
Kubalulekile! Kumelwe ube namasaka amathathu noma izikhwama ngamamitha square.
Izimo nokunakekela ama-strawberries ku-greenhouse
Emva kokutshala nganoma yiziphi izindlela ezingenhla, ukunakekelwa kumele kuthathwe izimo ezihle zesitshalo kanye nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile okujwayelekile, okuzobandakanya:
- ukuchelela;
- ukuhambisa;
- ukugqoka okuphezulu;
- imithi yokuvimbela.
Ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe
Ukukhanyisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni ama-strawberries. Kudingekile ukuthi ku-greenhouse lapho kutshalwa khona ama-strawberries unyaka wonke, usuku olukhanyayo lwamahora angu-10-14 luyabonakala. Ukuze uphumelele, udinga ukufaka imithombo eyengeziwe yokukhanyisa kusukela ngo-8 ekuseni kuze ku-11: 00, kusukela ngo-5 kuya ku-8: 00 ebusuku. 
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhululwa kwe-peduncles, izimbali nezimbali. Njengomthombo owengeziwe wokukhanyisa kufanele usebenzise izibani ze-fluorescent.
Uma ukhethe ukutshala ukukhanya kwelanga okungahambisani nhlobo, bese kuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezichazwe ngenhla, lesi sitshalo sizohlinzekwa ngokugcwele ngenani elidingekayo lokukhanya.
Ukwandisa ubude besikhathi sokukhanya kwelanga kwenza i-fruiting ngokushesha futhi ifinyelele ngokushesha. Isibonelo, ngokukhanya kwelanga lesishiyagalombili isitshalo sizoqhakaza amasonto amabili emva kokutshala, kanti i-ovary izonikeza emva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5. Ngehora lesi-16 - izimbali zizovela emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, kanye ne-ovary yesithelo - ezinsukwini ezingu-35-37.
Ukushayela umoya
Ukufudumala kuyenzeka lapho izinga lokushisa lokushisa lifinyelela ku-+21 degrees. Yenza ngesikhathi semini. Uhlelo lwe-ventilation lungaba yizinkomba noma ezizenzakalelayo. 
Ngenxa yokuphumula umoya, umoya omusha ungena endlini yokushisa futhi uphume. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukunciphisa umswakama nokushisa, ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziningi.
Ukushisa
Uma utshala endaweni yokushisa, izinga lokushisa akumele libe liphakeme kunezingu-10 degrees. Njengoba ikhula, kuzodingeka ukuthi ikhule kancane kancane ku-18 ... +20 degrees. Uma kukhula, kufanele kube cishe + 20 ... +24 degrees. Esikhathini esizayo - kusuka +22 kuya ku -24 degrees.
Funda ukuthi ungenza kanjani ukushisa okuvela kumapayipi epulasitiki kanye ne-polypropylene, kusuka ku-polycarbonate, kanye nezithombo zokugcina izithombo "Ibhokisi lezinkwa", "Umhlengikazi", "Utamatisi wesignali", ngokusho kukaMitlayder.
Umswakama womoya
Ukuthungwa kwamanzi okushisa ngesikhathi sokutshala kufanele kugcinwe ngo-85%. Lapho izihlahla zihluma emhlabathini, kuzodingeka zinciphise zibe ngu-75%. Esikhathini sesigaba sokuqhakaza nezimbali, le nkhomba kufanele ifakwe ezingeni eliphakeme kunezingu-70%.
Uyazi? UTeresa Tallien, umuzi wezwe kusukela ngesikhathi seFrance Revolution, wathatha amabhati okugaya ama-sitrobheli ukugcina isikhumba sakhe sivutha. Enye inqubo enjalo yathatha cishe ama-kilogram ayi-10 amajikijolo.
Izinga lomswakama kufanele lihlolwe ngokucophelela, ngoba lokhu kungenye yezici ezithonya ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zefungal.
Ukunisela
Inyanga eyodwa emva kokutshala, kuzodingeka ulungise ukuchelela kanye emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Ukunisela kuyenziwa ngamanzi afudumele kusihlwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo azigcini ngokweqile. Ngaphandle kwalokho bayothwala izithelo zomuthi. Amanzi aseManzi nawo asongela izifo zokubola nezifo.
Kungenzeka ube nesithakazelo sokwazi ukuthi kaningi kangakanani udinga ukuwasebenzisa ama-strawberries, ukuhlela ukuchelela okuzenzekelayo, kanye nokuthi ukuchelela okunomsoco kungcono yini ukushisa okushisa.
Ngokuba ama-strawberries, kungcono kakhulu uma amanzi ehamba ngqo ezimpandeni futhi engatholi emigqeni namaqabunga. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokuhlela ukuwa noma ukuchelela okuzenzakalelayo. Ngosizo lwesistimu yokudonsa, ama-fertilizer nawo aziswa. Uhlelo olunjalo lungathengwa esitolo noma luhlomise ngokwabo.
Ukuvota
Uma ukhetha izinhlobo ezingakwazi ukuzitholela impova, kuzodingeka zinikeze impova. 
Ngoba isebenzisa izindlela eziningana:
- ibhukwana;
- i-fan;
- izinambuzane;
- uhlaka;
- amanzi
Okwesibili - sebenzisa ukufaka umshayeli, ukugeleza kwemoya okuzothatha impova. Kumamitha angu-100 square. m kuzodinga izimoto ezintathu. Kuzodingeka zifakwe phakathi kwezimbali nsuku zonke amahora amaningana.
Emasimini amakhulu, usizo lwezinambuzane luyodingeka - isidleke sifakwa endaweni yokushisa. Naphezu kobunzima nokungavikeleki kwalendlela, ukusebenza kwayo kufinyelela kuma-95%. 
Ungavimba imifino ngokupompa amanzi emithonjeni ehleliwe. Noma kunjalo, ukusebenza kahle kuleli cala kuzoba ngu-45%. I-pollen isakazeka futhi ifaka, uma uvula amafasitela neminyango ye-greenhouse, esibhekene nomunye nomunye.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze ukondle ungasebenzisa isisombululo se-potassium chloride (10 g ngalinye ngamaminithi ayishumi l) amanzi kanye ne-ammonium nitrate (80 g ngalinye 10 l amanzi). Ilethwa ngaphansi kohlelo lwempande. Ukunakekelwa kwe-Organic nakho kuphumelelayo - isilonda (esisodwa kuya kweyisihlanu), umquba wenkukhu (eyodwa kuya kweshumi). Ukondla kwenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-14.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukhiqiza ama-strawberries, kubalulekile ukuhlonipha ukulinganiswa okunconywayo, njengoba izixazululo ezigxile kakhulu zivusa ukushisa.
Ukwelashwa okuvimbelayo
Ukuze kuvikelwe lesi sifo endaweni yokushisa, kufanele kuqhutshwe njalo, hhayi ukukhuphuka inhlabathi nomoya. Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina amabanga anconywa phakathi kwehlathi ngesikhathi sokutshala kanye nomanyolo. Ukuvimbela, ukwethulwa kwamafungicides endaweni yempande usebenzisa indlela yokudonsa.
Ama-Strawberry e-greenhouse angathinteka:
- ukubola okumpunga - for prophylaxis, ukuvama njalo kuzodingeka, ukwelashwa, ukususwa izitshalo ezigulayo;
- indawo emhlophe - eshukunyiswa yi-moistening enamandla yomhlabathi kanye nomswakama ophezulu endaweni yokushisa. Iphathwa ngokuphathwa ngamalungiselelo okuthi "Falcon", "Euparin", i-sulphate yethusi;
- i-powdery isikhutha - iqala lapho i-overmoistening yomoya nomhlabathi. Iphathwa ngekhambi le-sulfate nesixazululo sensipho;
- ukulimala kwesikhathi - ngokunqotshwa kwezitshalo kususwe.
Kusuka ezinambuzaneni kwi-strawberries emswakama ophezulu ungahlasela ama-slugs. Ukuze uziqede, kuzodingeka ubeke izicupho noma uqoqe izinambuzane ngesandla. Ngakho-ke, uma ukhula ama-strawberry e-greenhouse, ungadubuza isivuno cishe ngonyaka.
Umphumela wokushisa obuncithakalo ekutshalweni kwezitshalo emhlabathini ovaliwe unikeza izimo ezinhle kakhulu kule berry futhi ikuvumela ukuba uzuze isivuno esiphezulu. Ubuchwepheshe esikuchazile ngenhla kwenza inqubo ekhulayo ilula futhi ingabizi.
Ukubuyekeza Komsebenzisi Womsebenzisi
