Amakhowe afana shiitake, ivele etafuleni lethu maduzane, kepha naphezu kwalokhu, umkhiqizo uphumelele ukunqoba abalandeli abaningi. Le mushroom yaseJapane, esivela kude nathi, ikwazi ukuzibonakalisa emithi yokwelapha nendabuko. Umkhiqizo uqukethe inani elikhulu lazo zonke izinhlobo zamakhemikhali awusizo, okwenza kungabi nje inothi elikhanyayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezitsha, kodwa futhi lusempilweni yangempela yezifo eziningi. Noma kunjalo, iningi lethu alizange lithole ngokugcwele zonke izinzuzo zalo emzimbeni. Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukuphendula imibuzo yabafundi mayelana nalo mkhiqizo, kanye nokuthola izinzuzo eziyinhloko nokulimaza i-shiitake empilweni yomuntu.
Incazelo
Shiitake iyimvelo ye-sporiferous saprotrophic, eyindawo yayo eyinhloko iyingxenye yemvelo yezitshalo ezifile, ikakhulukazi izihlahla. Namuhla, lezi zinhlobo zingenye yama-mushroom ahlonyelwe kakhulu emhlabeni akhule yonke indawo. 
Nokho, ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, itholakala kuphela engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia, ikakhulukazi endaweni yehlathi eliqinile. Ezimweni eziningi, i-shiitake ikhula phezu kwezinkuni zezihlahla ezinqabile, futhi ithande ikakhulukazi i-castanopsis ekhonjiwe.
Uyazi? UShiitake waziwa isintu amakhulu eminyaka. Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwalezi zinhlobo zamakhowe kusukela ngonyaka ka-199 n. i-er
Ungamhlangabeza futhi endaweni ye-Primorsky Krai, kulesi sifundazwe i-limewood i-Amur ne-oak yaseMongolia ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengabangane be-mushroom.
Ukuvela kwe-shiitake kuyinto ephawulekayo. Leli khowa liphethe i-cap encane ye-hemispherical, enobubanzi obuyi-3 kuya kwezingu-10. Umbala wayo uvame ukukhanya okubomvu, insabala noma ushokoledi. Ngokuvamile ama-flakes amaningi avela kwi-cap. I-mushroom ingokwezilwane ze-lamellar, amapuleti ayo amaningi, ombala omhlophe noma obunzima beige. 
Ukuphakama kwemilenze kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwe-2-8 cm, kuqinile, kukhanya kakhulu kunekhanda. Lezi zinhlobo zikhula ngokuyinhloko ngenkathi efudumele, kodwa ezimweni zokufakelwa zingatshalwa unyaka wonke.
Ukwakhiwa kanye nenani lomsoco
I-mushroom iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene ecebile yamavithamini nemikhiqizo yamaminerali. Iqukethe amavithamini A, B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, B12, C noD, kanye nalawo ma micro and macronutrients njenge: potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, ithusi, i-zinc, selenium ne-nitrogen.
Uyazi? Ekhulwini lama-20, i-shiitake yaba yi-mushroom yokuqala lapho abantu beqala ukukhula ngokwanele ezimweni zokufakelwa.
I-fungus iqukethe i-polysaccharide efana ne-lentinan, ene-anti-cancer yomphumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqukethe amino acid abalulekile emzimbeni womuntu njenge: arginine, leucine, histidine, isoleucine, tyrosine, i-lysine, i-threonine, i-phenylalanine, i-methionine, i-valine.
I-100 g ye-shiitake iqukethe:
- amanzi - 89.7 g;
- amaprotheni - 2.2 g;
- amanoni 0.5 g;
- ama-carbohydrates - 4.2 g;
- umlotha - 0.75 g;
- I-fibre - 2.5 g;
- Okuqukethwe kwe-caloric yomkhiqizo - 35 kcal.
Ukukhethwa nokugcina
Ukuze ukhethe i-shiitake efanele, kufanele uqaphele izici ezimbalwa zale mkhiqizo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi amakhowe we-cap angama-5 cm abhekwa njengobunono obukhulu kunabo bonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kumele avuleke okungenani ngo-70%. 
Qaphela ubuso bekhanda: kufanele kube yi-velvety, nomthunzi onobunqotshani obunobhokotshi phezu kwendawo yonke.
Kubalulekile! Ukuthengwa kwi-shiitake esitolo kufanelekile kuphela ngezinjongo zokudla. Ama-mushroom anjalo avame ukutshala kuma-substrates ampofu, ngakho-ke awunayo inani elidingekile lezinto eziwusizo ekulungiseleleni amadivayisi wezokwelapha.
Amakhowe amasha agcinwa esiqandisini, efakwe esikhwameni sephepha, ekushiseni kwe + 4 ... +8 ° C. Kule fomu, umkhiqizo ugcina ukuvuselela kwawo kwezinsuku ezingu-5-7. Ukuze ulondoloze isikhathi eside, selomile, i-mushroom eyomile ingagcinwa endaweni epholile yokukhanga izinyanga ezingu-24.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo
Njengoba kubonisiwe ngenhla, i-shiitake iyinto ewusizo kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Le amakhowe inezici ezilandelayo ezizuzisayo:
- ivimbela ukutheleleka kwamagciwane nesibindi;
- kuqeda ukubonakaliswa kwegazi nokulonda kwesisu;
- kuqinisa imisebenzi yokuzivikela yomzimba;
- kujwayelekile uhlelo lwesimo senhliziyo;
- kusiza inkambo yezifo zamathunjini;
- ubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza;
- kuqinisa isimiso sezinzwa;
- ususa ama-slags ne-cholesterol emzimbeni;
- Ukwandisa ukukhipha isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- kuvimbela ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo;
- ithuthukisa isimo sesistimu ye-musculoskelet in izifo zamalunga nama-back;
- ngcono isimo somzimba ngesifo sofuba, isisu esiswini nesisu esiswini;
- kubuyisela impilo ngemuva kokugula okubi.
Ama-mushroom anjengezansi: njenge-white podgruzoviki, i-svinushki, i-cep, i-boletus, amakhowe obisi, ama-boletus, ama-chanterelles, ama-mushroom ama-boletus, ama-boletus nama-mushroom.
Ukupheka kwemithi yendabuko
Ngokuvamile, ngezinhloso zezokwelapha, cishe zonke izingxenye ze-fungus ziyasetshenziswa, ngesisekelo lapho kusetshenziselwa khona ama-infusions amaningi namakhambi. Zisetshenziselwa ukuqeda izifo ezihlukahlukene, kodwa ngokuvamile lezi zidakamizwa ziyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela izifo eziningi. Ake sihlolisise ukuthi le makhowa isetshenziswa kanjani emithi yokwelapha.
Shiitake powder
I-Shiitake powder isetshenziselwa kokubili ukuvimbela kanye nokwelapha izinhloso zokugcina isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokuphikiswa komzimba wonke ezindaweni ezimbi ezingokwemvelo. Ungathenga i-powder ekhemisi, noma ungayilungiselela wena. Kulokhu:
- thatha amakhowe amasha bese uwasika zibe izingcezu ezincane;
- gcoba izinto zokusetshenziswa emanzini abandayo imizuzu engama-30;
- shiitake owomile ngokwemvelo noma ngesomiso ekushiseni okungekho ngaphezu kuka-+40 ° C;
- gaya umkhiqizo owomile nge-blender noma enye idivayisi.
Sebenzisa leli thuluzi ngamapunipuni amabili 1-2 izikhathi ngezikhathi imizuzu engu-40 ngaphambi kokudla amaviki amathathu. Kunconywa ukuba ugeze phansi i-powder ngamanzi abilayo afudumele. Ungaphinde upheke itiye le-mushroom. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amathisipuni angu-1-2 we-powder agcizelele ku-300 ml wamanzi abilayo ihora.Kubalulekile! Ukufaka isicelo ngezinhloso zokwelapha zonke izinhlobo zezingqikithi ezisekelwe ku-shiitake kufanele zivele kuphela emva kokubonisana nodokotela. Ukuzivocavoca kungenza ngcono impilo ejwayelekile.
Ingxube idakwe ngendlela yokushisa imizuzu eyishumi ngaphambi kokudla okungaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili ngosuku. Umhluzi ungasetshenziselwa ukupheka zonke izinhlobo zesobho, kepha izitsha ezinjalo kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokushesha emva kokupheka.
Amafutha akhiphe
Nge-hepatitis, multiple sclerosis kanye ne-malaise jikelele, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amafutha e-shiitake. Ungabalungiselela kalula ekhaya:
- nganisa uphinde ugobe 1 g wamakhowe omile;
- Thatha ama-150 ml we-ophakisi noma amafutha omnqumo bese uwushisa ufike ku- +37 ° C;
- uthele amakhowe emafutheni bese ufudumala amahora amabili isembozo sivaliwe;
- faka ingxube efrijini izinsuku ezingu-5.
Yidla lokhu ketshezi olunamafutha kufanele kube izikhathi ezingu-2 ngosuku ngosuku lwesisu esingenalutho ekuseni nakusihlwa for isipuni 1. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, amafutha kufanele agxiliswe ngokuphelele. 
Shiitake tincture
Izithako ezidakayo ze-fungus zenza kube lula ukwenza inkambo ye-hypertension, ukuvuselela ushukela wegazi futhi kuvuselele isimiso senhliziyo. Ithuluzi lilungiswe kanje:
- funda u-10 g we-mushroom powder (amathisipuni angu-7-8 ane-slide encane);
- uthele i-powder ibe isitsha segesi lesitha bese uthela u-500 ml we-alcohol degree (40 degree degree) (i-vodka noma i-brandy yokukhetha);
- faka uphawu lwe-container ngokuqinile futhi ufake ingxube endaweni epholile emasontweni amabili;
- emva kwalesi sikhathi, gcwalisa uketshezi ngokusebenzisa i-gauze noma i-cotton gauze;
- Thela inhlama ephumelele ibe isitsha seglasi bese ufakwa esiqandisini sokugcina.
Funda futhi mayelana nemithi yokwelapha ye-tincture: i-propolis, i-aconite, kusukela ku-bison kanye ne-tincture ye-bee moth.
Ukukhulelwa okukhulayo kuthatha 1 isipuni 1 imizuzu 40 ngaphambi kokudla inyanga eyodwa. Emva kwalokho, kufanele uthathe ikhefu lamasonto amabili bese uqhubeka nenqubo yokuhlanganisa umphumela.
I-Shiitake ne-Oncology
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, le fungus iqukethe i-polysaccharide lentinan ethile, enomsebenzi wokulwa nomdlavuza. Inani elihlaba umxhwele lokuhlola i-laboratory liveze ukuthi le nto ibangela ukwanda kwe-immunity. 
Ngenxa yalokhu, umzimba uchitha amangqamuzana omdlavuza kanye nezikhungo zabo zokukhiqiza ngokwabo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngezifundo ezimbalwa nje zokuthatha okukhishwe, i-shiitake cishe ingayeka ngokuphelele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-oncology.
Uyazi? Izakhiwo eziphikisana nomdlavuza we-shiitake zatholwa ngenxa yososayensi waseJapane uTetsuro Ikekawa ngo-1969.
Ukulungiselela ithuluzi lokuphulukisa elinjalo ungakwenza ngokwakho, lokhu:
- Thatha isitsha sesilazi segesi bese uchithela ama-50 g we-mushroom powder kuwo;
- uthele i-powder 750 ml we-degree-40 utshwala (brandy noma i-vodka) bese uhamba ngokucophelela;
- vala ingxube ngesembozo esiqinile futhi ushiye ukunikeza amasonto amabili esiqandisini (ngesikhathi sokukhipha, i-liquid kufanele ixutshwe kahle kanye ngosuku).
Thatha ithuluzi for isipuni 1 izikhathi 3 ngosuku 40 imizuzu ngaphambi kokudla. Inkambo yokuvimbela inyanga eyodwa.
Isicelo sokupheka
Ukupheka, i-shiitake isetshenziselwa kanye nama-mushroom noma ama-mushroom asezindaweni esaziwayo. Bangabilisa, baveze, gazinga, njll. 
Ngakho-ke, umkhiqizo ungaba yinkambo esemqoka kanye nokuhlanganisa okukhulu inyama noma imifino.
Sincoma ukuthi ufunde mayelana nokukhethwa, ukomisa nokuqandisa amakhowe.
Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ama-sauces ahlukahlukene, ngaleli fomu i-mushroom ingaba inothi elithakazelisayo lezitsha eziningi. Kunezindlela zokupheka eziningi zokulondolozwa kwe-shiitake kwinethiwekhi, kulesi simo zingagcinwa kuze kuqale ukushisa kwentwasahlobo.
Isicelo ku-cosmetology
E-cosmetology, i-mushroom ithole uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza kakhulu kunalokho ekuphekeni nasemithi. Ngalo, lungisa imaski ebusweni, eyaziwa ngokuvuselela, okunomsoco kanye nokulwa nokuvuvukala.
Amathuluzi anjalo asiza ekuqedeni unomphela izinkinga eziningi zesikhumba esikhumbeni futhi azigcwalise ngawo wonke amavithamini nezakhi ezidingekayo.
Ukulungiselela ithuluzi lokuzithokozisa kulula kakhulu:
- Thatha i-100 g ye-shiitake eluhlaza, ugeze futhi uhlanze ngokugcwele;
- ukusika amakhowe ngendlela encane ngangokunokwenzeka;
- uthele konke ngaphakathi kwesitsha seglasi bese uthele ama-250 ml we-vodka;
- vala ingxube ngesembozo esiqinile futhi ufake efrijini amaviki amabili;
- Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, isisindo silungile, ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo kumele sisulwe ezinhlayiyeni zefungus.
I-mask ephumela kufanele ihambelane nesinkwa esikhethekile se-cosmetic noma i-gauze futhi igqoke ubuso obuhlanzekile, obuhlanjululwe ngaphambili. 
Emva kwemizuzu engu-25-30 ingasuswa, bese ugeza kahle ngamanzi apholile. Faka izicelo ezinjalo ezinkambisweni ezincane, 1 isikhathi ngosuku ngenyanga, ngakho-ke kufanele uthathe ikhefu.
Kubalulekile! Izingxenye ze-fungus zingaba nezifo eziqinile, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokusebenza kokuqala kwenkambiso, kuyadingeka ukuhambisa isikhonkwane imizuzu engu-15-20 ngokukhipha. Endabeni yezinzwa ezingathandeki, ukuvutha nezinye izinto, umaski akufanele neze usetshenziswe ebusweni.
Ukulimala nokuphikisana
Njengeminye imikhiqizo eminingi, i-shiitake inokuphikisana kwayo. Lezi zihlanganisa:
- uneminyaka engaba ngu-12;
- ukukhulelwa;
- isikhathi sokulahlwa;
- i-asthma;
- ukubekezelelana ngabanye kwizingxenye.
Le fungus i-allergen eqinile, ngakho kufanele ifakwe ekudleni ngokucophelela nangezingxenye ezincane. Naphezu kokuthi ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemingcele, ukulinganiselwa ngokweqile (ngaphezu kuka-200 g we-fresh kanye no-20 g wamakhowe omisiwe ngosuku) kungabangela ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kwe-allergen emzimbeni, ukushayeka nokushaya. 
Kulesi simo, kufanele uyeke ngokushesha ukusebenzisa umkhiqizo bese ucela usizo lwezokwelapha.
U-Shiitake uyisimenywa esikude esivela eMpumalanga, ongakaze akwazi ukuvula abantu basekhaya ngokugcwele. Naphezu kwalokhu, le fungus ibilokhu isetshenziswe ngomuntu ngamakhulu eminyaka. Lo mkhiqizo ungaba nethonya elizuzayo ezingxenyeni eziningi nezinhlelo, kanye nokuqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi sisebenzisa, khumbula izinga elivunyelwe kanye nokuphikisana.
