Unyaka ngamunye, abafuyi benza izinhlobo ezintsha zezamatamatisi ezithuthukise izindawo, ukunambitha, futhi zivikeleke kangcono ezifweni ezihlukahlukene nasezinambuzane. Ukukhethwa okukhulu kwembewu kusivumela ukuba sithole okukhethwa kukho okuphelele kwemozulu yethu kanye nezimo ezikhulayo. Namuhla sizoqonda ukuthi yini i-utamatisi omusha "Makhitos f1", iveze incazelo eningiliziwe, futhi ikutshele indlela yokukhulisa le hybrid ukuze uthole isivuno esiphezulu.
Ukubukeka kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Ngaphambi kokuxoxa ngokutshalwa kwe-agrotechnical yama-tomato ama-Makhitos f1, cabangela izici zalo. Sithola umehluko phakathi kwezithelo nengxenye engenhla.
Ngaphambi kwethu kukhona isitshalo esingapheli esikhula kuze kube ngu-200 cm ukuphakama. I-hybrid yilezi zitamatisi eziphezulu ezithela phezulu. Lakhiwa eHolland, kodwa, yahlolwa kwezinye izindawo zendawo yezulu futhi yabonisa imiphumela emihle. Iqabunga liqinile kakhulu, amacwecwe amacembe aqoshiwe embala omnyama obumnyama futhi abe nesimo esimisiwe samatamatisi.
Izithelo Zezithelo
Izithelo zidwetshwe ngombala obomvu obomvu, zibe nesimo esizungezile, kodwa zifakwe kancane ezigodini. Endaweni yokunamathiswa kwesitshalo sesithelo, ukucindezeleka okuncane kungabonwa.
Utamatisi "Makhitos f1" ane isivuno esikhulu kakhulu. Izithelo eziyi-7-8 zekhwalithi eziphezulu ziqoqwe kusuka kwesikwele esisodwa.
Ngokuqondene nesisindo, utamatisi uvuthwe kakhulu, cishe ngo-220-250 g. Uma izimo ezihle zenziwa ngesikhathi sokulima, khona-ke ungathola ama-giants angaphezu kuka-500 g.
Njengoba sine-hybrid ukuthi, ngokuvamile, ikhule ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa, ukunambitheka akukwazi ukubizwa, kodwa ukuhlukahluka kukuvumela ukuthi uthole utamatisi omnandi kakhulu. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi utamatisi unephunga elizwakalayo.
Kubalulekile! Izithelo azishintshi, zigcinwe isikhathi eside futhi zihanjiswe ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Utamatisi ohlukeneyo uMakhitos wathola ukuthandwa ngenxa yokuthi izihlahla ezihlambulukile ze-hybrid ungathola izitshalo ezingu-2 ngonyaka, okwenyusa kakhulu inzuzo uma usebenzisa izithelo zokudayiswa.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
Umthengi:
- emazingeni okushisa aphezulu aqala ukuwa kwe-peduncles;
- ukuhluma okuhle kuzotholakala kuphela ukuhluma okufanele;
- ngezinye izikhathi umbala awunamandla, kungenzeka kube nezindawo eziluhlaza;
- Izithelo ezivuthiwe ngokuphelele (ukuvuthwa kwezinto eziphilayo) azihambisani kahle.
- ithuba lokuthola izitshalo ezimbili;
- izithelo zokugcina zakhiwa kakhulu, zifinyelela ku-300-400 g;
- izinga elihle lomkhiqizo;
- ukusetshenziswa jikelele;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ukunambitheka okuhle.
Uyazi? Ngo-2009 eRussia Federation izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-1250 nezinhlamvu zika utamatisi zenziwe, futhi emhlabeni jikelele kunezinkulungwane eziyizingu-10 ...
I-Agrotechnology
Ngemuva kokucabangela amandla kanye nobuthakathaka bama-tomato kaMakhitos f1, sibheke ubuchwepheshe bokulima. Hlela ngokuningiliziwe imiyalelo eyokusiza ukuba ukhule utamatisi onempilo, uqale ngokutshala nokuphela ngokuvuna.
Ukulungiselela imbewu, imbewu yokutshala nokuzinakekela
Ake siqale ngeqiniso lokuthi imbewu idinga ukulungiselela ukuhlwanyela ngaphambi kwesikhathi, lapho i-material ihlelwa khona, ingabandakanyi imbewu eyonakele, iphinde iphathwe nge-stimulator yokukhula ukuthola amaphesenti aphezulu. Ungasebenzisa ukuhluma kusho u-Appin noma i-Zircon, noma elinye elilinganayo, elinempendulo emihle.
Kubalulekile! Ukutshala imbewu yokulima endaweni yokushisa kufanele kube sekupheleni kukaFebruwari, ngesikhathi sokuthola isivuno.
Ngemuva kokulungiselela imbewu, kudingeka "sihlanganise" inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ukuze ihambisane nale hybrid. Qaphela ubuningi bomhlabathi. Kumele kube phakathi kuka 6-6.8 pH. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-substrate kufanele ibe nenani eliphezulu lama-macronutrients nama-humus, ngakho-ke siyothenga inhlabathi esitolo sembali, engeza isihlabathi kuso ukuze sithuthukise izakhiwo zamanzi, bese ufaka inani elincane lemanyolo kanye ne-humus. Okulandelayo, udinga ukuxubanisa kahle inhlanganisela yenhlabathi, ukuze izitshalo eziye zakhubeka azixhumane nomquba omisiwe.
Emva kwesigaba sokulungiselela singahlwanyelwa. Okokuqala, sizokwenza inombolo edingekayo yemihlathi yokuhlwanyela imbewu. Ukujula kwendvuba ngayinye kufanele kube yi-10 mm, kanti ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu kumele lingabi ngaphansi kwe-2.5 cm. Phakathi kwemigqa eseduze ungathatha ama-7-10 cm ukuze wenze kube lula ukufakelwa. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi ihambelana kahle ne-atomizer futhi ifakwe ifilimu ukukhulisa izinga lokushisa.
Okulandelayo, kudingeka sitshale izitshalo nsuku zonke, sisuse ifilimu emaminithini angu-20-30, futhi siphumelele inhlabathi uma somile.
Amabhokisi anembewu kufanele athuthelwe endaweni efudumele lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingangeni ngaphansi kwe-24 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze kuvikelwe imilenze emnyama kumele kuchithelelwe imbewu yesisombululo se-Fitosporin.Ngemva kokuhluma, ifilimu isusiwe, futhi izinga lokushisa lingancishiswa kancane, kodwa aliphansi kuka-20 ° C. Kufanele futhi unakekele ukukhanya. Usuku oluncane lokukhanya lungamahora angu-12.
Inqubo yokulima kufanele ibe izitshalo eziphuziswa njalo, kanye nokuqapha isimo sabo. Uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka, sisheshe sixazulule inkinga ngokuletha izakhi zokulandelela noma ukwelashwa kwezifo.
Utamatisi we-Dive uzoba esiteji samaqabunga amabili eqiniso ezingxenyeni ezilodwa (izimbiza).
Ukutshala nokutshala emhlabathini
Ukutshala ku-greenhouse kwenziwa ngezinsuku ezingu 55-60 emva kokusuka kokuqala. Ukuze isitshalo ngasinye sibe nendawo eyanele ye-substrate, lapho idonsa khona amanzi nezakhi, kungabi ngaphezu kwezihlahla ezingu-3 okufanele zibekwe esigcawini esisodwa. Ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa liyi-1 m, phakathi kwezitshalo - 30-35 cm.
Ukunakekela nokuphuza
Okulandelayo, udinga ukucabangela lokhu okulandelayo: uma, ngaphambi kokubonakala kwamabhulashi amathathu, utamatisi luningi kakhulu ukugcwalisa, khona-ke ungathola izithelo ezincane kakhulu, okuyinto ezoba yiningi kakhulu. Ukukhipha isimo esinjalo, ukuchelela okunamandla kwenziwa kuphela emva kokuvela kwamabhulashi amathathu. Kuze kube yilokhu, inhlabathi kufanele ihanjiswe kuphela uma uqaphela ukuthi amaqabunga aqala ukubola nokume. Noma yenza isilinganiso esincane samanzi ukuvimbela ukumile kwe-substrate.
Ngokuqondene nokususwa kwamaqabunga, lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ngesimo sezulu esishisayo, ukunciphisa ukuqhuma kwamanzi. Uma i-greenhouse ingashisi kakhulu, bese uqeda ama-platelethi amaqabunga kufanele uma kwenzeka ephazamisa ukuthola inani elifanele lelanga kulesi sithelo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, isihlahla esingenalutho sinzima kakhulu.
Kumele futhi wenze i-garter yezihlahla, uma kungenjalo bazobe beqamba amanga komunye nomunye ngaphambi kokubonakala kwe-ovaries. Kungcono ukubopha utamatisi emasontweni ambalwa emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo ukuze i-stem eyinhloko ingaqali ukuguquka futhi ihluke eceleni, kanye nokwakheka okulula kakhulu kwamahlumela amaningana.
Sizokhiqiza isiqu ku-1 noma ku-2 iziqu, ngokuya kokuzala kwe-substrate kanye nokukhulelwa okuhloswe. Yiqiniso, kulula ukuletha isiqu esingu-1, kodwa ungenisa 2, ngenkathi ugcina isikhala esiningi phakathi kwezitshalo.
I-hybrid idinga i-pasynkovaniyu, ngakho-ke susa zonke izingane zokutholwa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi ukuze ungakhulumi ukugeleza kwezakhi ezakhiweni zobuningi obuhlaza obengeziwe.
Uyazi? Utamatisi obomile unokuqukethwe kwekhalori eliphakeme - 258 kcal, kanti okuqukethwe kwekhalori yezithelo ezintsha kungama-20-25 kcal, ngakho-ke imifino isetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokulahlekelwa isisindo.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Umkhiqizi wamemezela ukumelana kwe-hybrid ezifweni ezilandelayo:
- I-Verticillus;
- i-mosaic virus;
- kladosporiozu.
Ngokuqondene nezinye izinambuzane nezifo, amaphesenti omonakalo azohlala ephansi uma iMakhitos f1 inezifo ezingenamzimba kanye nemigomo ye-agrotechnical ihlonishwa ngokuphathelene ne-utamatisi, hhayi ekunakekeleni kuphela, kodwa nangokuhlinzeka inani elifanele lokulinganisela kokukhanya nokushisa .
Okufanayo kusebenza ezinhlobonhlobo ze-utamatisi: "Slot f1", "Semko-Sinbad", "Irina f1", "Rapunzel", "Spasskaya Tower", "Katya"
Ukuvuna
Zonke izitshalo zivuthwa kahle, ngesikhathi esisodwa, okukuvumela ukuthi uthumele ngokushesha amaqoqo utamatisi okudayiswa, noma, ukuze usebenzise wena siqu, ukuqala ukucubungula.
Njengoba izithelo ezinkulu zivuthwa isikhathi eside, isivuno senziwa ngasekupheleni kwehlobo - ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Ngokwesilinganiso, kuthatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-100 kusukela ngesikhathi sokubheka ukuvuthwa kwezithelo zokuqala.
Izimo ze-fructification esiphezulu
Ukuze sithole inqwaba yezithelo ezinhle nezithelo ezinkulu, sidinga izinto eziningi okufanele sizenze.
Okokuqala badinga i-substrate eneziqhamuka ezifanele, eziyi-legumes, anyanisi kanye neklabishi. Uma kwenzeka ushintshe inhlabathi unyaka wonke noma ungakhuli izitshalo ezingenhla ku-greenhouse, khona-ke kwanele ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ngezici ezigcwala inhlabathi nge-legumes noma iklabishi. Okwesibili sidinga umswakama ophezulu nenhlabathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho kufanele umoya emoyeni wokushisa ube owomile, futhi inhlabathi kufanele ibe ngaphezulu. Kuvela ukuthi utamatisi uyozizwa kahle uma umoya unomswakama futhi i-substrate isomile, kodwa kuze kube yilapho kufika ama-brushes amathathu, emva kwalokho kuyadingeka ukuthi amanzi amaningi aphuze. Okwesithathu Ama-potassium kanye ne-phosphate fertilizer kufanele asetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwezithelo ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga ngembala engaphelele, kanye nokusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwesivuno. Okwesine, kudingeka sihlale sinakekele ingxenye engezansi, ngesikhathi sokususa izingane zokutholwa nokwenza i-garter eyengeziwe yamahlumela ekusekeleni.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi akukho ukukhanya okungeziwe okungeke kuthathe indawo yelanga lemvelo, ngakho isimo sezulu asiyona into yokugcina.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo
Izithelo zokuvuthwa okukhishwayo kufanelekile ngokupheka ama-saladi nokusetshenziswa okusha, njengoba kuncane kakhulu. Kodwa ngesikhathi izithelo zokuvuthwa kwemvelo (noma ngaphezulu) zivunyelwe kangcono ukuthi zicutshungulwe (utamatisi, ama-pastes, ama-stews noma ama-pickle), ngoba i-hybrid ihlukile ngoba ayilahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwayo noma izakhiwo ezizuzisayo ngenxa yethonya lamazinga okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sokucubungula.
Uyazi? Utamatisi aqukethe i-antioxidant lycopene, ekwazi ukumisa ukuhlukaniswa kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, nokuvikela ngokungahle kwenzeke izicubu ezimbi.
Manje uyazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobonhlobo zeDutch eziMakhitos f1 ezimele, wazi incazelo kanye nesikhathi semikhiqizo yokuvuthwa. Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi ukufeza izimo ezinhle kakhulu kunzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi endaweni ebandayo. Ngisho nalapho ikhulile endaweni yokushisa, izithelo zingathola ilanga elincane noma yiziphi izakhi zokulandelela, okuzokwenza ukunciphisa isivuno. Zama ukungasebenzisi umanyolo we-nitrogen ngobuningi, njengoba kuvimbela ukwakheka utamatisi.
