Izinzuzo nezinkinga zokusebenzisa izihlahla zemifino engadini

Izihlahla ezitshalayo ezikhulayo ziyasetshenziselwa ukulima ingadi kanye nokuhlobisa isakhiwo se-dacha: izihlahla ezinjalo azithathi isikhala esiningi, kodwa zinikeza umbono okhangayo. Abanini bezolimo balungisa futhi izivande ezigcwele zezitshalo ezitshaliwe esivumelwaneni sabo, okuyinto, nakuba isayizi encane, iveza okungenani kunezihlobo zabo eziphakeme.

Incazelo

Izithelo Zesitshalo EziqhamukayoNgiyimithi yezithelo ezikhula kancane ezihlanganisiwe esitokisini esincane. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo ezindala ezinamaqanda kufinyelela kumamitha amathathu kuphela. Abantu abancane abahlala eminyakeni engu-20 kuya kwezingu-30, futhi baqala ukuthela izithelo kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu emva kokutshala. Ukudinga kakhulu inhlabathi nomswakama, ngoba izimpande zabo azikho.

Izinhlobo ezidumile nezinhlobonhlobo

Phakathi kwezihlahla ezivame kakhulu nezitshalo ezinamathela ezincane, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezahluka ngokuvumelana nezithelo zokuvuthwa.

Izihlahla ze-Apple

Isitoko esithandwa kakhulu sama-apula yisitokisi M9. Kuhle kakhulu ukutshala izimboni. Idume endaweni yethu okunjalo izinhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala zezihlahla zama apula:

• "Candy". Ama-apula alezi zinhlobo anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza, inyama enomzimba futhi enomsoco. I-Ripen ngo-Agasti, isilinganisa ngokulinganiselwa ngamagremu angu-120;
• "Kuyamangalisa". Ukuvuna kuqala ngonyaka wesine emva kokutshala. Kubonakala ngokumelene nesithwathwa nokuvunwa okuphezulu. Ama-apula amancane, aphuzi, anemivalo ebomvu, ahlelwe, ajikeleze. Ukunambitheka uju;
• "Melba". Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Superearly. Ukuvuna kuqala engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi, isivuno siphezulu. Izithelo ziyingayizi ephakathi, enomnandi ne-caramel ukunambitheka. Phakathi kokungalungi kukhona umonakalo wesikhumba njalo;
• "Suislep". Okuncane okuncane okuthandwayo. Inikeza izithelo eminyakeni emithathu. Umbala wama-apula u-pink-ophuzi, obomvu. Izithelo isisindo - kusuka amagremu angu-100.

Kuya phakathi nonyakaekwindla kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• "I-autumn emisiwe". Izithelo zinkulu, zilinganiselwa ku-200 amagremu. Umbala ubomvu ophuzi, ujabulele amnandi futhi omuncu. Ama-apula alolu hlobo angagcinwa kalula emazingeni aphansi asezindaweni zokuhlala kanye nasezindaweni zokusebenza;
• "Zhigulevskoe". Okumelana kakhulu nezimo zezulu nezifo ebangeni. Inikeza izithelo ezibomvu-orange esikhathini esingesigamu sikaSeptemba. Iphethe izici zezimpahla eziphezulu;
• Sokolovskoye. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphezulu-ukuvumela: umuthi owodwa unikeza ama-80-90 kilograms eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunambitheka omuncu wama-apula ane-pulp granular. Lesi sitshalo singokwemvelo.

Uyazi? Ngokusho kokubonwa kwabavubukuli, i-apula iyisihlahla sokuqala esitshalwe ngabantu, izithelo zazo ezadliwa kusukela emuva kuka-6500 BC.

Ebusikanoma ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile Izihlahla ze-apula ezikhulayo zihlanganisa izinhlobo:

• "Hero". Izinhlobonhlobo zibekezelela izinguquko zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, kodwa kudinga ukunakwa okukhulu: ukuze i-apula ithwale izithelo njalo, ukusika izihlahla njalo kuyadingeka. Izithelo zivuthwa, zibomvu-ophuzi, zimi;
• "I-Snowdrop". Izithelo zinemibala ebonakalayo, umbala ophuzi nomgqomo obomvu, ukunambitheka okumnandi. Isisindo se-apula sifinyelela ku-150 amagremu.
• "Umgexo waseMoscow". Umbono usanda kusha, kodwa usuvele udumile. Izithelo zibomvu ezibomvu futhi zine ukunambitheka okumnandi nesomuncu;
• "Grushevka Podmoskovnaya". Isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesithupha emva kokutshala. Uhlukana nezithelo ezincane ezincane zombala omhlophe. Inokulondolozwa okuhle nokukhiqizwa.

• "Ottawa";
• "Flavor de Vare";
• "Airlie Mack";
• "Airlie Geneva".

Hlola izinhlobonhlobo ze-apple njenge: "Aport", "Rudolph", "IsiBatchuthi", "i-Red Chief", "iSpartan", "iMantet", "Imali", "Semerenko", "i-Orlovy", "iNyakatho Synapse" futhi Orlik. "

Amapheya

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu eziphakathi kwamapheya angaphansi kwamapulazi - okuphakathi futhi ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile:

• "Champion Grand". Ezihlukahlukene nge isivuno high, isithelo esikhulu, esilinganiselwa 250 amagremu. I-pulp yamapheya ayi-oily, enomsoco futhi enomnandi. Futhi ehlukaniswa yi-frost ukumelana;
• "Veles". Dessert nxazonke nxazonke pey. Umbala wezithelo uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isisindo se peyari ngu-180-200 amagremu;
• "IParis". Izithelo zokuvuthwa kwasebusika, ukunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu, okukhulu kakhulu. Ngemibala - eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ne-redhead ephumayo.

Kuhle ukutshala ipheya eduze nendawo owake wakhula ngayo: iplamu, cherry noma cherry elimnandi.

I-Plums

• "I-Blue Free". Uhlobo olubusika kakhulu lwama-plum. Ihluke ekuhambeni kwesikhathi. Isithelo esimnyama esine-Ink kanye nesifuba.
• "Chachak". Umuthi wempuphu ovuthiwe. Inyama ye-plum iyisiliva, ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kuyomuncu.
• "UMengameli". Umuthi we-plum ongathobekile kakhulu. Ukuvuna kunikeza ngokushesha, okuningi kanye nekhwalithi. Inezici eziphezulu zomkhiqizo. Izithelo zise-oval, zithandeka ukunambitha.

Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde mayelana: zokupheka ngokulungiselela iplamu ebusika, ulungiselela iwayini leplamu, futhi ufunde nendlela yokomisa iplamu.

Amapayipi

Ukuphakama okuphakanyisiwe kwamapayipi angaphansi kwamamitha amabili.

• I-peach yamakhiwane "I-Cap Cap" ibhekwa njengento evamile kakhulu. Ubusika-obuqinile, obuvundile kakhulu. Izithelo ezinomzimba omhlophe kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi.
• "UFO" - olunye uhlobo lomdwebo wamakhiwane omncane omkhiwane. Ukubukeka kwesifo esinamandla kakhulu. Izithelo zithande kakhulu, zinkulu futhi zinamanzi. Inketho enkulu yokulima ingazimboni.

I-apricot

• "I-Airlie Red Orange". Izinhlobonhlobo ze-aprikoti ezingaphansi kwe-Superearly. Ama-apricot ayinkulu, i-orange ekhanyayo, enehlangothini elibomvu, elimnandi ukunambitha. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeMakethe, zinamazinga aphakeme okuthutha nokugcina.
• "Kunzima". Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-apricot. Kuvame kakhulu endaweni yethu ngenxa yokukhuthazela kwamazinga okushisa aphansi nesomiso. Izithelo zinkulu, nethambo elilula kalula. Isikhumba sincane, inyama igcwele i-orange, enamafutha, ushukela-omnandi.
• "I-Crimean Cupid". Ibanga eliphakathi kwebanga elide. Ama-apricot akhulu futhi acindezelwe, afinyelela ku-100 amagremu. Umbala u-orange okhanyayo, unambithe omuncu. Iphunga elimnandi kakhulu.

Uyazi? INdlovukazi yaseNgilandi u-Elizabeth II iqala ukudla kwasekuseni ne-plums ezimbili ekhulile ensimini yakhe e-Holyrood Palace. Izinhlobonhlobo zalezi plums zibizwa ngokuthi "i-Brompkon".

Izinzuzo zensimu encane

Zonke izinzuzo zezihlahla zemifino engadini yezadi zifikela kumqondo wokuthi kulula ukutshala izilimo ezinjalo.

Ukulimala ekuqaleni

Zonke izinhlobo zezihlahla ezinamahlathi zinezivuno eziphezulu, okubaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma izinga lokulima lizimboni. Futhi, ukuhluma okuqinile kwezitshalo ezincane kuyasungulwa lapho kuneminyaka engu-8-10, okuphambene nalokho kunezitshalo ezivamile zezithelo.

Kulula ukunakekelwa

Ukuphakama kwezitshalo kwenza kube lula ukugcina insimu isesimweni esifanele: ukusika, ukubopha, ukuhlanza nokutshala. Futhi, ukuphakama kwezitshalo ezikhula kancane kwenza kube lula ukuvuna.

Ukuthela

Ubuningi kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo ezihlahleni zemifino ayikho ngaphansi kwegadi engavamile; ngaphezu kwalokho, ziphakeme nakakhulu. Lokhu kubangelwa kokubili kokuvuthwa kwangaphambili kanye nendawo encane yamandla ekukhuleni kwesihlahla ngokwawo.

Ingabe kukhona ukwehla?

Inhlangano yensimu encane ayikho amaphutha.

Ukutshala izimali zokuqala

Izindleko zokuthenga izinto zokutshala ziphindwe kaningi kunesikhathi sokutshala izihlahla ezivamile. Futhi, izinhlobo ezincane ngokwayo zibiza kakhulu kunezihlahla zezithelo ezilula.

Kunzima kokunakekelwa

Lapha ukubunzima akuzona ezenzakalweni, zifana nezensimu evamile, kodwa kumvamisa wokubamba kwazo. Futhi ukunikeza isikhathi esanele kuhlale kunzima.

Ukuphila

Izinhlobo ezincane ezikhula kancane zihlala ngaphansi kwesigamu esingaphansi kwensimu ejwayelekile, okusho ukuthi isikhathi sabo sokunciphisa sifushane.

Isidingo sokusekelwa

Ukulala okungajulile kwezimpande zezinhlanga eziphoqelekile kubangela umlimi ukuba athole izisekelo zomuthi ngamunye. Akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukuthi ngabe isihlahla sizogubha noma siwe: kusukela kwesisindo sesithelo noma emoyeni.

Kubalulekile! Ngenkathi yokukhetha indawo engadini, qaphela omakhelwane besikhathi esizayo emithini yakho: uma i-maple, i-linden noma i-oak ikhula eduze, indawo ingaphezu kokufanelekile. Uma indawo ezungezile igcwele i-alder, i-sedge ne-horsetail - i-acidity yenhlabathi yanda futhi ayifanele izithelo zezitshalo.

Indlela yokutshala nokunakekela imithetho eyisisekelo

Izihlahla ezinesihlahla angakwazi ukukhonza kuphela ukutshala engadini, kodwa futhi njengendlela yokuhlobisa indlu. Izinsana ezinjalo zitshalwe ebhodini futhi ngasiphi isikhathi zingadluliselwa emhlabathini ovulekile.

Ukufika

Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala izithelo zezitshalo yikwindla. Izimo zokushisa kanye nenkathi ende ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo kubambe iqhaza ekuqothulweni kwezimpande nasekukhuleni kwenqubo yezimpande ngokuphelele. Inhlabathi kufanele itshalwe futhi igqamile, ibhalwe ukuthi izitshalo zihlwanyela. Izitshalo zokutshala kufanele zibe ngamamitha angama-60-70 ekujuleni nangomitha ngobubanzi. Uma ubeka izinto zokutshala emigodini kufanele wengeze amaminerali kanye nama-organic fertilizer, okuzokwenza ngokushesha ukwakhiwa kwamahlumela engeziwe. Ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo zihlolwe, zihlungwa futhi zivunwe. Izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe kufanele zibe emhlabathini ezingeni lokuhlanganiswa, akufanelekile ukufafaza ukuhlanganiswa ngokwawo nomhlaba. Lapho sekuqedile izihlahla zokufika kufanele zidonswe kahle.

Kubalulekile! Ngezenzo ezingalungile ekutshaleni nasekunakekeni kwensimu enqanyelwe, izihlahla zingashintsha ukuhluka kwazo ngokuya ezimpandeni zempande.

Ukunakekela

Ngokungafani nezihlahla ezivuthiwe ezivamile, izihlahla ezinamahlathi ziyadingeka kakhulu emhlabathini, ngakho isimo sayo kufanele sihlolwe: sebenzisa ukuchelela njalo, ugeze. Ukukhululeka lapha kuyobe kungalungile, ngoba izimpande ezincane zezihlahla azikho. Njengoba ingadi iqala, imisebenzi yokunakekela izingadi ingahluka kancane. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyadingeka ukusika izihlahla, ukwelashwa, ukuhlela izesekelo nokumboza insimu ebusika.

Ukuvuna

Into enhle kunayo yonke inqubo yokutshala insimu yezithelo, ngandlela-thile, isikhathi sokuvuna. Ukuvuna kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezahlukene: konke kuxhomeke kuhlobo luni lwezitshalo ozitshalile - ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni, okuphakathi noma kokuvuthwa kwesikhathi. Inqubo ngokwayo ilula futhi iyashesha, lokhu kunomthelela obuningi bezihlahla. Njenganoma yimuphi omunye umlimi wezisebenzi, ukutshala nokukhula kwendawo yezithelo ezitshaliwe kuthatha umzamo omkhulu nesikhathi. Kodwa ukubuyisela kuyakufaneleka: isivuno semifino enjalo sidlula isivuno semivande engavamile, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ungathola izithelo ekuqaleni.