I-persianka ingokwezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula, okulungele kakhulu ukukhula ezindaweni ezibandayo.
Izithelo zaso zinambitheka ezimnandi, futhi ziqukethe izinto eziningi ezinempilo.
Uhlobo luni?
Apple Persianka - ezihlukahlukene zasebusikaokuyinto ekhonjwe ezindaweni zase-Ural naseVolga-Vyatka futhi yanda ezindaweni ezihlala esifundeni sase-Ural. Futhi kunconywe ukuhlolwa kokukhiqiza kanye nokulima kwendawo yase-Orenburg njengendlela ehlukahlukene ethembisayo yokukhula.
Izinhlobo zasebusika zezihlahla ze-apula nazo zihlanganisa iMemori Yombutho, Isetsky Late noRennet Chernenko.
Ihlukaniswe ukuqina okunamandla kwesomiso nokumelana nobusika - kungakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa elincane (kufika ku-40 ° C) ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhethekile, okwathi ngemva kwalokho kutholakala ngokushesha.
Izithelo zivuthwe ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba futhi zigcinwe kahle azilahlekelwa ukunambitheka kuze kube ngoMashi-Ephreli. Ama-apula kufanele agcinwe ekushiseni kwama-1-3 degrees emgodini wemifino (i-cellar): kufanele afakwe emabhokisini amancane noma amabhokisi emaqenjini angu-2-3, aguqule ngamunye ngephepha lokulandelela, iphepha noma imifino.
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokugcina kanye nezinhlobo ezinjalo: iphayona lase-Orlovsky, ubusika waseMoscow no-Shtripel.
Ukuvota
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula zikhiqiza, okusho ukuthi kudinga impova. Kungcono ukuyitshala eceleni kwezinye izinhlobo zebusika: i-Antonovka, i-safari ye-Pepin, i-Slav, i-Skryzhapel - kulokhu umuthi nesithelo kuzohlale kunombono omuhle.
Incazelo ye-Persianka ezihlukahlukene
Kwakuyisikhathi sokuthola ukuthi i-Apple Tree Persianka ibonakala kanjani, incazelo nesithombe ongathola ngezansi kulesi sigaba.
I-Persian - sredneroslaya (Ukuphakama kuka-3-4m) i-apula-umuthi onomqhele ovelele ovalwe, oba nendawo yobudala.
Izinhlobo zabantu, Orlik noBryansky nazo ziphakathi.
Ukudubula ngesigaba esiphambene nesiphambano kunesilinganiso sobukhulu nombala omnyama omnyama. Amaqabunga ahlaza, ajikelezile, aphansi futhi akhonjiswe kancane, enesisekelo esimise inhliziyo.
I-blooms yomuthi izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe ezise-saucer ngekholomu ende ye-pistil.
Abesifazane basePheresiya balinganisa cishe u-100-120 gkodwa ezinye zingafinyelela ku-180. Ifomu - kusuka nxazonke kuya nxazonke, imiphetho cishe ayibonakali. Umbala oyinhloko wama-apula usondelene nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana bathola umthunzi wekhilimu. Umbala wokumboza - uboya obubomvu obuhle obunemibala ehlonishwayo, futhi lapho ilanga liwela khona isithelo, sinomthunzi ocacile. Ubuso bezithelo luyisicwebezelayo, ngengubo encane.
I-apula stem ifushane, umbhoshongo ungobude obuphakathi, ungase ube nezinselele zokugqwala okuncane. I-axial cavity ayitholakali, i-heart-bulb, ikamelo lembewu livaliwe. Isithelo se-pulp sinomswakama, usawoti futhi usungisiwe, unomthunzi ocolile futhi unambitheka omuhle omuncu. Amaphuzu amabala wokunambitha kusuka ku-3.8 kuya ku-4.1 amaphuzu.. Ama-apula ahlala kahle emagatsheni kuze kube yilapho ukuvuthwa kususwa, bese kuqala ukuqhuma emoyeni onamandla.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-apula zingaziqhayisa kakhulu: Isikrini, i-Eagle kanye ne-Aromatic.
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala
Izinhlobonhlobo zitholakale esiteji sokuhlola esiteshini edolobheni laseSverdlov, LA I-Kotov ne-P.A. I-Dibrov ngenxa yokuwela i-Peach ezihlukahlukene (okubizwa ngegama lakhe) ne-Kungur iphineapple. Wangena ezivivinyweni zikahulumeni ngo-1990, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuye kwasakazeka kabanzi kuzo zonke izimboni zezimboni nezimboni ezindaweni eziningi zezwe.
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Ngenxa yokubekezela kweqhwa nesomiso, iPheresiya ivame kakhulu esifundeni sase-Ural nasesifundazweni sase-Ural., kodwa kungase kube nezimpande kwezinye izindawo. Yiqiniso, esimweni sezulu esinomswakama, izihlahla zalo zivame ukungena esikhaleni, okwamanje, akuthinti ithonya elikhulu, isivuno nezinye izimfanelo ezinhle ezihlukahlukene.
Kulezi zifunda, umhlali wase-Ural, iNorthenian noNastya bazizwa bekhululekile.
Ukuthela
Izithelo zivuthwe maphakathi no-September, cishe masinyane ukulungele ukudla. Ishalofu esiphezulu sempilo cishe izinsuku ezingu-180.. Umkhiqizo wezinhlobonhlobo ungaba ngu-100 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ngaphandle kwe-periodicity. Ngayo yonke imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa okufanele, owesifazane wasePheresiya uqala ukuthela izithelo kakade eminyakeni engu-6-7 emva kokuhluma.
Izithelo ezivelele ziboniswa yizinhlobo ezilandelayo: Isikhwama Sokuqala, i-Bogatyr ne-Aport.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Owesifazane wasePheresiya ubhekisela ku-apula engathobekile futhi kungaba nokubekezelela ngisho nezimo ezinzima kakhulu.
Ezinye izindawo ezingenakulungele izihlahla ziyinqaba yamagquma, iziqhingi nezikhukhula zemifula, kanye nezindawo eziseduze kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Kungatshalwa kokubili ebusika nasekwindla, kodwa ekugcineni kubalulekile ukutshala isihlahla ngaphambi nje kweqhwa, ukuze kuvikelwe umonakalo wenzalo ekhulile ngaphambi kokushisa.
Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile zomhlabathi, kodwa akusifisi ukutshala amaPheresiya enhlabathini ye-asidi (kufanele kuqala iqotshwe nge-lime). Inkathi ekhulayo ihlala cishe izinsuku ezingu-179.emva kwalokho amahlumela akhula minyaka yonke ngo-41-57 cm, kuye ngokuthi izimo zezulu zesifunda. Ngonyaka wesibili ngemva kokutshala, ukuvunwa kufanele kutholakale nge-potash, phosphorus kanye ne-nitrogen fertilizer.
Ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu wamanzi wamaqabunga (cishe ngo-56%), kubalulekile ukumanisela kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi amanzi ageleza ngaphansi kwesiqu, kodwa angena emgodini omncane oguqile nxazonke.
Ukungathobeki kubuye kwahlukaniswe nezinhlobo zehlobo zasehlobo, i-Kuibyshev ne-Aelita.
Ngisho nezinhlobo zama-apula ezingamelana nobusika kunazo zonke zingonakaliswa uma inhlabathi ibanda kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, umgodi ozungeza umuthi kufanele ugcwaliswe ngobuningi obukhulu be-peat kanye ne-humus, futhi kusukela phezulu ungagubungelwa amaqabunga neqhwa. Izithelo zakhiwa ngokuyinhloko kolchatka, ekukhuleni konyaka odlule, ngakho-ke, uma kunikezwa umqhele omncane, ukwenza ukusika kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela.
Esinye isici somuthi wukuthi amagatsha awo akhula ngeso lengqondo futhi angakwazi ukuphumula phansi kwesisindo noma isitshalo esikhulu, ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi zidinga isipele esengeziwe.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Enye yezinkinga ezihlukahlukeneyo ukungahleleki kwayo ku-//selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.htmlokungukuthi, esimweni sezulu esihlaziye, izihlahla kufanele zitshalwe ukuze zikhanyiswe ilanga futhi zishaywa umoya, futhi ekuwa ziqoqe ngokucophelela wonke amaqabunga awile.
Ukuze ukuvimbela lesi sifo ngenkathi kukhula kwe-apula kunconywa ukuba uchithe izidakamizwa ze-antifungal (isibonelo, i- "Agatom"), engasetshenziselwa ukulwa nesibalo ezinqabeni zokuqala zokubonakaliswa kwayo.
Ngokuvamile, ukwehluleka okuncane kwamakhosi asePheresiya kunakhokhelwa yizinzuzo zayo, kubandakanya ukuqina kwebusika, isivuno, ukunambitheka okukhulu nokuhle kakhulu. Siyabonga, iPersian ibizwa ngokuthi yiyodwa yezinhlobo eziyigugu kakhulu zama-apula asekuphuzile.
