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Izinhlobo ze-carrot

I-Carrot "Nantes": incazelo, ukutshala nokunakekelwa

I-Carrot "Nantes" - inzalamizi ecishe ibe neminyaka engu-80 ubudala, eye yazibonakalisa ezikhaleni zeSoviet Union yangaphambili. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zatholakala ngabalimi baseSoviet eminyakeni engama-40 ekhulwini lokugcina. Le isanqante yatshalwa eningizimu yeKrasnodar nasemibhedeni yesifunda sase-Irkutsk - futhi yonke indawo yayiyithokozisa abalimi abanomkhiqizo ohlala njalo. Ngingathanda ukuhlolisisa yonke inqubo yokukhupha izaqathe "Nantes", ngokuqala ngokuhlwanyela kwembewu nokuphela kokuvuna.

Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukahlukene

"I-Nantes" isivele iyindlela ejwayelekile yama-izaqathe. Igama layo liyisikhathi eside liba yigama lomndeni lokuchaza ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezinqathe: ukuma kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo zezinkathi zakuqala nephakathi nonyaka. Uma bekhuluma ngesanqante, efana ne "Nantes", khona-ke kuvele kucace ukuthi lena i-orange, ehlangene, ngisho nesitshalo sesitshalo se-cylindrical shape nge tip tip.

Uyazi? Isanqante sasendle singumdabu wase-Afghanistan. Lapho wayeyinkimbinkimbi yensimu enombala obomvu (obomvu, omhlophe noma ophuzi). Isanqante esaziwayo manje se-orange sakhishwa ososayensi baseNetherlands ngenxa yokukhethwa okuqondisiwe. Umbala wayo ufanekisela iNdodana YaseRoyal Oranian yaseNetherlands, ogama lombala we-dynastic u-orange.

Izimpawu zezaqathe:

  • isitshalo sesitshalo se-orange-umbala obomvu;
  • ukuma ngendlela ehambisanayo nephuzu elimnandi;
  • isisindo 100-160 g, ubude 13-15 cm;
  • ekuqaleni noma ephakathi ekuseni.
I-Carrot "Nantes", njengoba ichazwe ezihlukahlukene, ingumuthi wempande zakuqala. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungenziwa kubhekwe ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala. Kanjani? Ukuqaphela ukukhishwa komkhiqizo wokuqala, izinhlobo ezivuthiwe zakuqala, ngoba kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-50-55 kusukela kuqala isanqante amahlumela kuya kwezitshalo zokuqala izitshalo commercial. Kodwa ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwe "Nantes" kuza ezinsukwini ezingu 90-120.

Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi lesi sitshalo sibhekiswe ezinhlobonhlobo zakuqala.

Ukunambitheka kwempande yalezi ezihlukahlukene kuyinkomba yokunambitheka izaqathe nge nokunwebeka, inyama enhle. Imifino ingagcinwa isikhathi eside lapho ilele emiphongolweni (yokugcina ubusika).

Zazi ngokwakho nalabo abamele izaqathe njengamaqathi omnyama, "Samson", "Shantase 2461".
Enye yezinkinga zomvuno wezimpande ukuthi ukuvunwa okuhle kwezithelo ezifakwe kulezi zilwane kungatholakala kuphela emhlabathini ovundile, ovulekile.

I-Carrot "Nantes" isetshenziswa:

  • intsha;
  • for ukupheka isobho kanye borscht;
  • ukulondolozwa;
  • for salads ahlukahlukene kanye marinades;
  • ekwenzeni ama-juice nokudla komntwana.

Imbewu yokutshala nezici ezikhulayo

Ama-karoti akhula kahle ezindaweni ezishisayo. Uma uhlwanyela izaqathe emthunzini noma emthunzini oyingxenye - izithombo ziyobekwa, ziphuphuke, futhi izimpande ezikhulile ngeke zithole isisindo esihle.

Uyazi? Ama-karoti afakiwe ekudleni anethonya elihle egazini: lihlisa i-cholesterol futhi liphakamisa okuqukethwe kwe-calcium. Kuwusizo ngokukhethekile kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo ezifa. I-Carotene equkethwe izaqathe inomphumela omuhle ekusebenzeni okubonakalayo. Izaqathi ezidliwa nsuku zonke zizosiza umzimba ukuba ubhekane nokulayisha ngokweqile emsebenzini wezinhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela izaqathe, umgadi wensimu kufanele ahlole ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo ezikhulayo kulombhede ngonyaka odlule.

Akusekho isanqante esingeke isitshale iminyaka eminingana endaweni efanayo.

Ukuhambisana nokujikeleza kwezitshalo kuzokuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno esihle samaqathe.

Ama-karoti akhula kabi emva kwabanjalo abandulele:

  • i-parsnip nedill;
  • iparsley nesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isanqante izwa kahle emibhedeni, lapho ikhula khona ngaphambili:

  • utamatisi kanye iklabishi;
  • i-garlic no-anyanisi;
  • ukhukhamba namazambane.

Njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakha ngokushesha izimpande, ingahlwanyelwa kabili ngesizini ngasinye. Ukuhlwanyela kokuqala kwezaqathe kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (ekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli).

Uyazi? Uma umuntu esidla izaqathe eziningi, umbala wakhe wesikhumba uzoshintsha futhi usondele eduze kwe-orange. Ukwazi le ndawo yempande, izisebenzi zezilwane zondla inqwaba yezaqathe kuma-pink flamingos, okuvumela izinyoni ukuba zigcine umbala ongajwayelekile wempaphe. Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi kukhona uhlobo lwezilwane ezinezindlebe ezibomvu nomsila. Ukuze umbala ube okhanyayo futhi njalo, izaqathe ezigajelwe zifakiwe ekudleni kwekati (10-15 g)
Ukuhlwanyela kwesibili kungenziwa engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi, kanti isitshalo sizovuthwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.

Ukuze uthole isivuno sasekuseni ekuseni, izaqathe "Nantes" zingatshalwa ngaphambi kwebusika:

  • ngoNovemba, khetha isimo sezulu esomile bese ulungisa umbhede ngaphansi kwesanqante;
  • inhlabathi ikhululiwe, umaka imisele yokuhlwanyela nge-marker;
  • imbewu isanqante ehlanganiswe nesihlabathi (1: 1) ihlwanyelwa kancane emigodini egcwele umhlabathi.
Ukunakekela endaweni evulekile yokutshala izaqathe "Nantes" ebusika kuphela emibhedeni yokukhosela i-agrofibre ne "snow coat."

Ngokushesha nje lapho kuqala isanqante amahlumela entwasahlobo ensimini - i-aisle idinga ukukhululeka.

Lokhu kuzonikeza ukufinyelela kwe-oksijeni ezimpandeni zezithombo bese uhlanza imigqa ephakathi nokhula encane. Podzimnaya isanqante uvuthwe ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu yenanisi emhlabathini, udinga ukuyilinganisela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu igxila emgodini ngamanzi afudumele bese uwashiya eketsheni ubusuku bonke.

Ekuseni, hlola umthamo: zonke imbewu ezingenalutho ezingenakuvikelwa ziyohambela phezulu, futhi imbewu efanele ukuhlwanyela izolala phansi.

Ngomusa futhi ugobele kancane kancane isitsha - enkambeni amanzi ahlanjululwe kanye nezinhlamvu ezingenalutho ezintantayo phezulu. Ekupheleni kwenkambiso, imbewu kuphela ehlelwe phansi ngaphansi kwethangi.

Funda futhi ngokutshalwa kwezitshalo ezinjalo njenge-cassava edlayo, rutabaga, i-turnip, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, isithombo esimnyama, i-anyanisi izithombo, ushukela wezinyosi.
Ekupheleni kwenhloli yezinhlamvu ungenza ngezindlela ezimbili:
  1. Indlela yokuqala yokomisa imbewu ehlolwe esimweni sokungenelela okulula futhi uhlwanyele ngesikhathi esifanele somlimi wegadi.
  2. Indlela yesibili ukuthatha ithawula elincane kunoma yimuphi indwangu yemvelo, yenzeke, uyiqondise bese uyibeka epulatifeni elithambile. Ngemuva kokumisa, uthele imbewu, ekhona emanzi emva kokulinganisa, ungene emanzini, welule ithawula bese uyisakaza endaweni encane. Ukwakhiwa kwamacwecwe, amathawula kanye nezinhlamvu ezibekiwe ngaphakathi kwesikhwama seplastiki. Iphakheji kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokuqinile ukuze igcine imbewu enomswakama, futhi ibekwe endaweni efudumele (kwikhabhinethi ekhishini noma ku-boiler gas) izinsuku ezingu-3. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, iphakheji idinga ukuhlolwa nsuku zonke. Ngokushesha okungenani i-1/3 yobuningi bezinhlamvu ezivuvukile ezimanzi, izaqathe ezincane (1-2 mm) zivela, imbewu isusiwe esikhwameni bese ifakwa ephephandabeni elomile ukuze lime. Imbewu enjalo kufanele ihlwanyelwe emhlabathini ngosuku olulandelayo. Njengoba imbewu yenanisi incane kakhulu, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela idinga ukuxubaniswa nanoma yikuphi impahla eningi (isihlabathi, isikhohlela esichotshoziwe).
Abanye balimi abanesithombo se-kroti bayalinywa ngokuchelela: bafake esitheni, bese uthele amanzi phezulu phezulu kwe-kettle bese uhlwanyela izaqathe emithonjeni, uchithe ngamanzi ngokufaka imbewu emgqonyeni.
Uyazi? EMelika, uMkhosi weCarrot uqhutshwa minyaka yonke. Le ndawo yidolobha elincane laseHoltville, eCalifornia. Isibonakaliso sokuqala kwemikhosi yikhetho le "nkosikazi yenkosikazi". Umuzi ugubha isonto lonke: izaqathe ezihlotshiswe izaqathe emasondo zigijimile ezitaladini, abapheki bahlele imincintiswano ye-best isanqante izitsha, imincintiswano ibanga kanye nokunemba ukuphonswa yimifino impande kubanjwa.
Ukujula okukhulu kokutshala imbewu emhlabathini kungama 2-3 cm.

I-aisles of the isanqante kumele okungenani ibe yi-15-20 cm ububanzi (ngokugcwele ububanzi be-chopper blade).

Ukunakekela

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukuze uthole izaqathe zakudala kakhulu ("ukukhiqizwa kwezikhwebu"), kuhlwanyelwa ngaphambi kobusika.

Le ndlela iyingozi ngoba uma umgadi wezandla ebala ngokungakalungi isikhathi sokuhlwanyela futhi ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo isanqante inesikhathi sokukhuphuka nokukhuphuka, khona-ke amahlumela ayofa ngesikhathi seqhwa kuqala. Futhi imbewu elele emhlabathini ayinayo i-frost nhlobo, futhi ngokushesha nje lapho kusentwasahlobo, bayohluma.

Entwasahlobo, ngezinye izikhathi kuvela amahlumela okubandayo, okungahlala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya kwesonto. Uhlume isanqante amahlumela abesabi isimo sezulu esibanda, into eyinhloko ukuthi izinga lokushisa aliwi phansi ngezansi. Kodwa kungalimaza kakhulu izinga lezitshalo zezimpande zesikhathi esizayo.

Izikhukhula zifakazela ukuthi lesi sitshalo asiyikwakha impande emihle, kepha "iya emcibiswaneni", okungukuthi, iqala ukukhula isambulela sembewu. Lezimpande ngeke zigcinwe ebusika, akufanelekile ukudla, ezingenakwenzeka futhi ezomile ("ukhuni").

Izitshalo zomsuka zidinga ukhula oluhlelekile phakathi kwemigqa. Ukuphuka phakathi kokuphathwa komhlabathi akufanele kube ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14. Ukuphuza izithelo ngezitshalo ngokuthi "ukuchelela okumile" - izimpande ngeke zikhulekele (i-carrot curve ikhula emhlabathini onzima) futhi izosiza ukugcina umbhede wekrotro uhlanzekile.

Lapho ukuphakama "imisila" engaphezulu komhlabathi kufinyelela ku-15-20 cm, kubalulekile ukuphulukana nezitshalo. Izithombo ze-Seeding ngesandla, zidonsa zonke izitshalo ezengeziwe ezivela ensimini. Phakathi kwama-karoti ashiya ibanga lika 3-4 cm. Le nqubo izovumela izimpande ezisele ukuba zikhule ezinkulu, ezinhle futhi ezihlwabusayo.

Ukunisela

Ukunisela kubalulekile kakhulu izaqathe ngenyanga yokuqala emva kokuhluma. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuba uphuze kanye kanye ngesonto, okungenani amalitha ayishumi amanzi kumele asetshenziswe emitha ngayinye yesikwele. Uma isimo sesimo sezulu sesishisa, khona-ke ngaphandle kokuchelela, izithombo ezincane zethenda zingase zome futhi zife.

Esikhathini esizayo, ukuphuza izitshalo ezindala kungancishiswa futhi kuphuze izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Esikhathini sokukhula, isanqante kufanele idliwe kabili ngamanyolo wamaminerali:

  • Ukudla kokuqala kwenziwa esigabeni 4 salezi ziqabunga;
  • Ukondla okwesibili kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi.
Ukufaka umanyolo, umanyolo wamaminerali ahlanganiswe kulezi zinto ezilandelayo: 25 g we-superphosphate + 15 g wewoti ka-potassium + 10 g we-urea.
Kubalulekile! Ama-karoti akufanele atshalwe emhlabathini, okwakungumanyolo omusha, hhayi umquba wezinkomo obolile ngaphambi kokulima. Ukweqa ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen enhlabathini kuyobangela ukuhlanganiswa okungalawulwa kwe-isanqante izimpande (ukubukeka kwayo "ama-horned" izaqathe).
Isamba somanyolo kumele sibalwe ngokusekelwe ukuthi inani lomanyolo onikeziwe ngenhla lisetshenzisiwe nge-1 sq. Km. imibhede m.

Ukuphalaza

Ukuphalaza ngamakhemikhali

Ukuze uvikele ezinambuzaneni, faka izitshalo eqabini ngezinambuzane ("iKarate", "Arrivo").

Lezi zinambuzane zibizwa nangokuthi "Enzio", "Marshal", "Tanrek", "Mospilan", "Fastak", "Vertimek", "Lepidotsid", "Kemifos", "Akarin".
Ukuphalaza ngamakhemikhali kwenziwa ngezinyathelo:

  • ukwelashwa kokuqala kwenziwa esigabeni 4 salezi ziqabunga;
  • ukwelashwa kwesibili - izinsuku ezingu-21 emva kokuqala;
  • okwesithathu baphatha imibhede kuphela uma kunesidingo, kodwa hhayi ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingu-21 emva kokwelashwa kwesibili.

Ukufafaza kwezinto eziphilayo ngokuhlanzekile

Ukuze kuvikelwe izitshalo zezimpande, abalimi benza ukwenziwa okuphindaphindiwe kwezitshalo ngamakhambi abantu. Ithuluzi eliphumelelayo kakhulu kule mpi ukukhipha umhlonyane.

Indlela yokukhipha umhlonyane:

  • I-titha elingu-5 litre eligcwele umhlonyane;
  • uthele amanzi abilayo phezu komhlonyane kuze kube semkhawulweni wesitsha;
  • vala isembozo bese ushiya ubusuku bonke ukuphoqa;
  • ekuseni ekuseni kuncibilikisa ukumnika nge-gauze ehlanganisiwe;
  • hlaziya amalitha ayishumi amanzi.
Ukumnika ukulungele ukusetshenziswa. Uma ngemuva kokwelashwa kwezitshalo ze-kroti kunomthelela omkhulu wokungcoliswa, bangakwazi ukufiphaza i-currant, okusajingijolo noma izihlahla eziyisiliva ezivela ku-aphid.

Kubalulekile! Sekuyisikhathi eside abalimi beqaphela umphumela omuhle komunye nomunye we-anyanisi neziqathe ezikhula embhedeni owodwa. Ukutshala u-anyanisi ukuvikela isanqante kusuka flyroti fly, kodwa isanqante futhi ivikela u-anyanisi amasimu kusuka fly onion. Ukutshala okuhle kunazo zonke kulezi zitshalo embhede owodwa - ngomugqa.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-carrot egula kakhulu, izifo ezivame kakhulu kule mpande - alternarioz noma i-fomoz. Ukuze kunciphise amathuba okulimala emibhedeni yalezi zifo, kubalulekile ukufeza ukwelashwa okuvimbela ingxenye eluhlaza yemifula ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux utshwala. Ukulimala okuyinhloko ekumpandeni izitshalo kubangelwa yizinambuzane ezifana ne-karoti. Ngokubukeka, ukutholakala kwalo emibhedeni kungabonakala ngamaqabunga e-carrot.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ekulwa nesanqante fly zifika ngesikhathi zikhululeka emkhatsini wemigqa, hhayi ukutshala okuqinisiwe futhi akukho nokhula.

Uma ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane kungavinjelwa izindlela zokuvimbela, imibhede kufanele iphathwe ngokusho kwekhasi elinamakhemikhali (i-Intavir noma i-Actellic).

Isanqante esiphundu kunazo zonke futhi enempilo yiyona ekhulile ngezandla zakho, ngaphandle kokufaka umquba wamakhemikhali emhlabathini nokucubungula ngezinambuzane. Yile mifino ephuzi ephuzi ephuzi engesabi ukunikeza ingane encane - izimpande ezinjengamanzi namnandi zizosiza kuphela ingane.

Kuyoba kuhle uma izeluleko zethu zizosiza abakwa-kottagers nabalimi ngezikhalothi ezikhulayo ezihlukahlukene ze "Nantes".

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