Yonke insimu ehloniphayo ifika esisekelweni sensimu yakhe enokukhathalela okukhethekile kanye nomdlandla, enomusa okhethayo futhi ehlanganisa izinhlobo zezitshalo. Umvuzo omuhle wento enjalo ukuvuna okucebile kwezithelo zamanzi. Uma sikhuluma nge-juiciness yezithelo, khona-ke indawo yokuqala, ngakwesokudla, ihlala ngamapheya. Izithelo zazo zegolide ezimnandi ngeke zishiye noma yikuphi okungafani nhlobo. Asikho ithuba lokumelana nesilingo sokuzama ikhasi elimnandi. Futhi ukuthola injabulo enjalo kungaba umphumela wokukhetha okulungile kohlobo lwesiko. Ukuze kube lula umsebenzi onjalo, sizokwethula izimfihlo kanye nencazelo yezici zezinhlobonhlobo ezidumile zamapheya - "I-Pet Klapp" ("Klapp Favorite").
Umlando wendalo
Lezi zihlukahlukene zihola ensimini ngegama layo yedwa. Umlando wokubukeka kwawo, uma uqhathaniswa negama elinjalo elihle, kunalokho uvinjelwe: "Izintandokazi" ingumntwana wokukhetha. Wadalwa ngo-1860 ngumsosayensi waseMelika. T. Klappogama lakhe ligcinwe esihlokweni. Umzalisi isikhathi eside "ekhonjiswe" phezu kwembewu yamapheya "Forest Beauty", nokuphumelela kwakhe kwaholela ekutheni kube uhlobo lwalezi zihlukahlukene. Iphakathi kweyintandokazi, ngokusobala ngenxa yezici zayo eziyingqayizivele.
Indawo yokuzalwa yezinhlobo Massachusetts, United States. Kukhona futhi inguqulo ethi "Izintandokazi" ingumphumela wokungqubuzana okuzenzakalelayo kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili: "i-Forest Beauty" no "Williams" efanayo. 
Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukile ezihlukahlukene
"Isilwane sikaKlapp" sinenqwaba yezimfanelo nezimpawu zayo ezihlukile futhi eziyingqayizivele, ngenxa yokuthi kulula kangakanani ukubona.
Izinkuni
Izihlahla "Izintandokazi" azizona abaholi ekukhuleni. Ukuphakama kwabo kungu-2-3 m, isiko singafakwa ekilasini sredneroslyh. Ngokuphathelene nezici zeminyaka yobudala, umsebenzi ojwayelekile wesihlahla salolu hlobo luyiminyaka engu-55. Ngesikhathi esemncane, isihlahla sibonakala ngezigaba ezikhulayo kakhulu, amahlumela amancane namagatsha azinzile ngokuzimela umqhele ngendlela yemipiramidi, engaphezu kweminyaka ibe yinkimbinkimbi. Cishe wonke amagatsha akhula ngecala lika-45 ° kwisiqu.
Uyazi? I-pear ingokomndeni wakwaRosy, okungukuthi, isihlobo sama-rose, i-quince, i-rose rose kanye namanye amalungu e-genus. Ngokwalokho okuhlangenwe nakho kwabalimi, kungcono ukutshala ikhasi eliphakathi kwe-quince.
I-trunk yomuthi ihlanganiswe namagxolo ashisayo, emagatsheni - i-bark iyabushelela. Izimbali zamasiko zinombala omhlophe ogqamile futhi zihluka ngobukhulu obuhle.
Izithelo
Kakade kuvuliwe Iminyaka engu-2-3 Ngokuphila kwayo, Izintandokazi zizokuthokozisa ngokuvuna kwawo okumnandi. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi izithelo ezinkulu, ezilinganiselwa ku-250 g, zikhula ngokuqondile emithini encane, kanti ubukhulu bezithelo buba kancane (180-230 g). 
Ukuma kwezithelo ze "Klapp's Lovers" kuncike noma kuluhlaza. Amapheya ahlanganiswe ngesikhumba esincane esiphuzi, esithinta umbala obomvu. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esincane, i-pulp emhlophe igcina, enezinzuzo zokunambitheka ezihlukile. Ukuchaza ukunambitheka kwezithelo kunzima kakhulu, kudingeka nje bazame. Ngokwejwayelekile, kungacatshangwa ukuthi amanothi amnandi namathenda omuncu ahlanganiswe ekunambeni kwawo. Lesi sithelo sinempepho enhle kakhulu, sinomsoco futhi sincibilika emlonyeni.
"Izintandokazi" zibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zasehlobo zakuqala. Izithelo zivuthwe ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi - ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.
Uyazi? Iphakathi kweyinye yezithelo zasendulo kakhulu. Yakhula eGrisi lasendulo, eRoma, ePersia. Umlobi wasendulo ongumGreki uHomer wabiza amapheya "izipho zonkulunkulu."
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo
Kusukela ekukhethweni okulungile kwesithombo semasiko ukuthi ukuziphilisa kwayo, ukusebenza kanye nokukhiqiza esikhathini esizayo kuxhomeke kulo. Ngokuqondene nezithombo ze "Klapp's Pet", ke uma zikhetha, kufanelekile ukunaka ubudala, izimpande nokuma kwamahlumela umuthi omncane. 
Okufanele kakhulu ukutshala impahla yizimbewu ezineminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala, amahlumela ahlala njalo futhi aqina. Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ohlelweni lwempande, okungafanele kube khona ukulimala, ukuma noma ukubola.
Funda futhi ngezici ezikhethekile zokunakekelwa kwezinhlanzi: "Ikhulu leminyaka", "uBryansk Beauty", "Rossoshanskaya dessert", "Ububele", "U-Honey", "Hera", "Petrovskaya", "Krasulya", "Ukukhumbula iZhegalov", "Izingane ".
Ukukhetha indawo efanele
Mayelana nesihlalo, ibanga lingenakuzithobakodwa, njengamanye amasiko, uzizwa kahle kakhulu enhlabathini evundile evundile enehlelo elihle lokudonsa amanzi. I-Pear ayithandi inhlabathi enzima lapho kunezinga elikhuphukile le-asidi nesoya sosawoti. Futhi, ungayifaki ku-umswakama owomile noma ngokweqile. Konke kufanele kube ngokulinganisela.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo uzizwa kabi emthunzini: ukukhula okujwayelekile, futhi kamuva ekufakeni, umuthi udinga ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala "intandokazi" kunconywa ukukhetha indawo ekhanyisiwe. 
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukhetha indawo yokutshala ipeyari, "Klapp's Pet", kufanelekile ukucabangela iqiniso lokuthi kunezinambuzane ezihlala endaweni, ngoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhiqiza. Izinhlobo ezifana noWilliams, i-Forest Beauty, i-Bere Bosk zazibonakalisa ukuthi yizona ezihamba phambili zokuvotela izintandokazi zezintandokazi.
Ukulungiselela isayithi
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bacebisa ukutshala lezi ezihlukahlukene ekwindla. Isayithi kumele ilungiselelwe ngokucophelela ukufika ngokushesha. Ngisho noma uzohlwanyela izithombo entwasahlobo, isayithi kufanele lilungiswe ekwindla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umbe imbobo, ukujula okumele kube yi-1-1.2 m, ububanzi - kusuka ku-60 ukuya ku-80 cm. I-substrate elungiselelwe kusukela kubuningi behlabathi obuncithakalo nezithako ze-potassium (30-40 g) nama-superphosphate fertilizer (150 -200 g), 2 amabhakede esihlabathi kanye namabhakede amabili ama-humus.
Uma wakhetha inhlabathi ye-peaty ngokutshala amapheya, ungakumba umgodi omncane.
Hlola ubuqili bezinhlobo ze-pear ezikhulayo: "Rogneda", "Otradnenskaya", "Avgustovskaya dew", "Kokinskaya", "Elena", "Marble", "Fairytale", "Nika", "Severyanka", "Veles", "Lada" "," Izintandokazi Yakovlev "," Muscovite "," Cathedral ".
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokutshala izithombo
Ngokushesha ukutshala izithombo, kuhilela izinyathelo eziningana:
- ukumba imbobo, ukujula nobubanzi obudingekayo;
- umquba womgodi wokufika nge-substrate ngenhla (uthele umgodla phansi);
- ukubeka isithombo emgqeni womanyolo. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande ziqondiswe kahle, futhi ikolera lempande lingu-5 cm ephakeme kusukela ezingeni lomhlabathi;
- ukulala nokulala phansi kwesihlalo;
- eseceleni kwamasentimitha angaba ngu-30 kusuka esiteji udinga ukushaya isikhwama esincane, lapho umuthi omncane kufanele uboshwe ngemuva kokutshala, ngoba ungaphula noma ukhule ngokungalungile;
- ufafaze umhlabathi ozungeza isiqu se-seedling ngenhlabathi engenalutho ngendlela yomgodi ovundlile.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwonyaka
Ngokuvamile, abalimi balusizi ngenxa yokuthi i-pear ayizintandokazi ayikhiqizi isitshalo. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, bayakhohlwa ukukhuluma ukuthi bayayikhumbula kuphela lapho kufanele kube nezithelo. 
I-Pear, ikakhulukazi, "I-Clapp eyintandokazi", idinga ukulungiswa kwekhwalithi nokukhathalela, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umkhuba. Ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okudingekayo kuphela ngokunikeza umuthi we-pear, ungakwazi ukujabulela izithelo zawo ezinhle.
Uyazi? Izithelo ezinkulu zepeyari, ezalotshwa ngabameleli beGuinness Book of Records Commission, zakhulile eNingizimu Wales. Isisindo sawo sasingu-1.405 kg.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Qaphela "intandokazi" kufanele iqale ngokushesha ngemuva kokufika. Masinyane emva kokutshala, umuthi omncane uphuziswa kakhulu: kuyadingeka ukuthi uchithe cishe ngesithombo esisodwa 3 amabhakede amanzi. Umthamo kufanele ubalwe ngendlela yokuthi umswakama ungene ekujuleni kuka-85 cm. Isihlahla asibekezelele isomiso, ngakho-ke sidinga ukuphuziswa izikhathi eziningana ngenkathi, ngesikhathi semvula.
Ngokuqondene nenhlangano yenqubo yokukhulula, kufanele futhi ihlelwe izikhathi eziningana (entwasahlobo, ehlobo, ekwindla). Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imibuthano ezungeze isiqu ayigciniwe, futhi ihleleke ukuhlehlisa okwesikhashana komhlabathi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhlabathi oseduze nomuthi otshalweyo awunqamuki, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile uthele izindawo zokugxila.
Ukuqhafaza kwenhlabathi ezungeze i-pear kwenziwa ngokuqondile emva kokutshala kanye nonyaka ngamunye. Kuyo yonke le nkathi, i-mulch, ikakhulukazi, i-humus nomquba, kufanele ibe khona eduze kwesiqu somuthi; uma kunesidingo, ukuphindaphindiwe kuyaphindwa. Ngokuvamile, abalimi bayakulahla le nqubo, ikakhulukazi, ngenxa yokuqwashisa okubalulekile ngokubaluleka kwayo. 
Ukuxubungula kuzokusiza ukuvikela umfundi wakho ekumeni (i-mulch iqoqa umswakama), kanye nokuqhwala kwesistimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-mulch ingumthombo oqhubekayo wezakhi. Ngekhwalithi i-mulch enhle kakhulu yamapheya umquba ofanelekayo, i-humus, i-peat, utshani, amaqabunga awile.
Kubalulekile! Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bayelulekwa ukuba banakekele ukuthi i-trunk ayikwenzi i-crust ngenxa yobuningi obuningi. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuba ukhululeke ngokushesha, ngoba lokhu kuqweqwe kuvimbela ukungena kwe-oksijini namanzi ezimpandeni, futhi, ngokuvumelana nakho, kwenza ukuthi ukuvimbela ukukhiqiza izitshalo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
"Isilwane sikaKlapp" sidinga ukunakekelwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Umthamo wokuqala womanyolo (i-nitrogen, superphosphate) isetshenziswa ngqo emgodini wokutshala.
Njalo entwasahlobo, ekupheleni kwezimbali, umuthi kufanele udliwe nge-urea. Ngemva kwenyanga, kubalulekile ukuhlela enye yokudla okungeziwe, okumele ihlanganise indaba ephilayo, i-ammonium nitrate ne-urea, ngokulinganisa okukhonjisiwe emiyalweni. 
Ukwenza i-autumn ikhululeke, kuyanconywa ukuba ifakwe inhlabathi nge-superphosphate ne-potassium chloride.
Kubalulekile! Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela izifo kanye nezinambuzane emasikweni ukunakekelwa okufanele: ukusika okwesikhashana amagatsha omile nokugula, ukuqeda izithelo ezibolile neziwile, njll.
Ukuphalaza okuvimbelayo
Ukuze kuvimbele futhi kuvimbele ukubonakala kwezifo nezinambuzane emasikweni, ukufiphala kwenziwa.
Uma ufisa ukuvikela lesi sihlahla esikhaleni, kunconywa ukuba usifake ngesisombululo se-Bordeaux ingxube (1%) noma i-oxychloride yethusi (i-0.5%) kulezi zilinganiso ezibonisiwe, esiteji sephutha lokuphuza futhi ngemva kokusila.
Isisombululo se-sulfur colloidal, i-20-30 g yayo ehlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi kuyosiza ukuvikela lesi sihlahla kusuka powdery isikhutha.
I-pear izovikelwa ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane ngokuphamba okuvimbela isisombululo seKarbofos noma iNitrafen (300 g / 10 l).
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokulwa nezifo ezithile (ukushisa, ukushisa amabhaktheriya) nezinambuzane (i-moth, i-gall gallite) yamapheya.
Ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele
Ukukhipha umqhele "Okuthandayo" ukuchitha Izikhathi 2 ngonyaka - entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ngosizo lwemimese ekhethekile noma ama-secateurs, amagatsha owomile nokulimala asuswe ngokuyinhloko. Ukuze uyenze kahle umqhele, amagatsha akhula abuye aqoshwe, futhi amahlumela amancane ancishiswe ngandlela-thile. Kulokhu, wonke amanxeba emzimbeni womuthi kufanele aphathwe nge-pitch engadini. 
Ukuvikelwa emakhazeni namakhaza
Ukufakwa kwesiteji ngesikhathi sasebusika kunganqotshwa ukuhlolwa okuningi - ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwamagundane nesimo sezulu esibanda. Ukuze uvikele okuthekisayo "Okuthandwayo", kufanele kulungiselelwe ngokucophelela ebusika. Ukwesabisa amagundane namahabhu avela emagqeni omuthi uyosiza ingxube yobumba ne-mullein, eboshwe "isikhumba" salo. Ngenhloso efanayo, lesi sitshalo singase sigqoke indwangu yesaka noma ama-fir branches.
Ngokuphathelene nokuvikelwa emakhazeni, kunelungelo lokugubha inhlabathi, ngoba lokhu kuhlukahluka kubusika-kunzima.
Njengoba ungabona, ukuze ube ngumnikazi we "Clapp Favorite," akwanele ukutshala isihlahla, kuyadingeka ukumnikeza ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi. Ngaphansi kwemithetho eyisisekelo kanye namazinga okunakekelwa, ikhasi lakho eliyintandokazi lizokubonga ngezithelo ezinomnandi futhi ezihlwabusayo umbala welanga.
