Izindlela nemishini yokubamba izinyosi zezinyosi

Uma ufuna ukwandisa inani lemindeni endaweni yakho yezinyosi, Inyosi isingatha - indlela elula futhi engabizi kakhulu yokwenza. Udinga kuphela izinkuni ezincane kanye neplywood, amafrimu amane noma amahlanu kusukela emngceleni kanye nesikhathi esincane.

Kuyini lokho

Ukufuya izinyosi kuqala ngezinyosi. Wonke umuntu othanda amateur ebhizinisini lakhe ufuna izinyosi zakhe zibe nempilo, zikhuthele futhi zilethe uju ngaphezulu. Esikhundleni salokho, emakethe sithola izinyosi zezohwebo ezibizwa ngokuthi "ukukhululeka kwabantu" ezikhulile endaweni engafani nhlobo nezimo zemvelo. Isibeletho esikhiqizayo sondla isiraphu eshukela, futhi lapho inzalo ikhula, ibuye igcwele isiraphu isiraphu namalungiselelo amakhemikhali. Khona-ke kulo mndeni bangezela owesifazane-omusha, ohlinzekwe ngezinyosi ezitholakalayo, upake konke ebhokisini bese uyithengisa kuwe. Ukuze uthole imali eningi, ngendlela.

Inkulumo kaWinnie the Pooh ongasoze ayikhohlwa "yizinyosi ezingalungile ezenza uju olungalungile," kuchaza kahle isimo.

Imikhiqizo eminingi ewusizo ikhiqizwa esidlekeni, phakathi kwayo yilezi: impova, wax, propolis, zabrus, i-perga, inyosi ye-bee ne-royal jelly.

Okunye ukubamba izibhamu ezihambayo, lapho izinyosi zivele zivumelaniswe nezimo ezikhona. "Khetha imodeli engcono kakhulu endaweni yakho, uyenze ngezinyosi zendawo futhi imiphumela izozikhulumela yona," udokotela wezinyosi odumile waseFrance uGeorges de Lavens wabhala emuva ngo-1892 encwadini ethi Full Course of Apiculture.

Ukuze uthole uhlobo lwendawo, akudingeki ngisho nokuthenga. Ukudoba izinambuzane ehlathini kuyindlela enhle yokuthola lezinyosi.

Uyazi? Izinyosi ezishintshayo azikhozi ngoba zithwala izinyosi emanzini.

Imithetho eyisisekelo

Isilwane esihle sezinyosi kufanele sibe nezimfanelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ivolumu elanele. Ivolumu esuka kwamalitha angu-40 kuya ku-60 iningi kakhulu ekuthandweni kwabalandeli abakhetha ikhaya elizayo lomndeni. Londoloza izandiso zezinyosi, ezibuye zisetshenziswe njengezicupho, zincane, zingaphansi kuka-20 amalitha, kepha uma uhlanganisa izandiso ezimbili, ungathola amandla afanele.
2. I-Letke. I-letka kufanele ibe nengxenye yamasentimitha angu-10-12 ubude, ilandele ukungena emgodini wesihlahla esakhiwa izinyosi zasendle. Indlela elula yokwenza i-slot 1.5 cm high kanye no-8 cm ubude - izinyoni azingena kulo.
3. Ukukhanya 5-6 kilogram - asisekho! Isicupho kumele sibe njalo ukuthi singabanjwa ngakwesinye isandla, sikhuphule isihlahla noma simile esiteji.
4. Ukuzinza namandla. Uma isicupho sisebenze isikhathi eside, i-"catchable" iyengeziwe. Izibungu eziningi ozithathile, ama-pheromone amaningi asele ebhokisini, eheha imindeni emisha.
5. Ukumelana namanzi. Akuyona iphupho lemvula okufanele lingene ngaphakathi. Izinyosi azisoze zakhetha indawo emanzi yokuphila.
6. Kulula ukwakha. Umklamo kufanele uqondeke kumuntu ojwayelekile owazi ukuthi unokwenziwa ngezipikili futhi une amathuluzi amaningana amandla.
7. Ukunethezeka kokudlulisela isikhukhula esihlahleni esingunaphakade. Ngakho-ke, ifreyimu evamile kufanele ibanjwe.
8. Isicupho kufanele sithande isikhangiso. Ngaphambi kokuletha isikhukhula endaweni ekhethiwe, isisindo sinquma ubukhulu bendlu yesikhathi esizayo, sihamba ngezinsika zayo futhi sihamba ngaphakathi. Ugibe, olugcwala ngokugcwele, luzobonakala luncane kakhulu, ngakho ngaphezulu kwengxenye yesikhala sangaphakathi kufanele ishiywe mahhala.

Amaphuzu abalulekile:

1. "Bait". Uma isicupho sesisha, sidinga ukwelashwa nge-propolis. Sishisa ucezu lwe-propolis ezandleni zakho futhi, uma iba buthaka futhi inamathele, yiphonsa ezindongeni zangaphakathi. Izinhlanzi ze-Pheromone zezinyosi zisebenza kahle - ungabathenga ezindaweni ezikhethekile.
2. Ama-honeycombs amnyama. Iphunga le-wax ne-honeycombs elidala liheha isikhukhula. Uma unefreyimu namaseli amadala, amnyama, faka okungenani eyodwa ifreyimu enjalo ibe yisicupho. Ngisho namafolda ongayilahla azokwenza. Kodwa qiniseka ukuthi amafreyimu avela emndenini onempilo, futhi uwafake amahora angu-48 ukuze abulale ama-parasites angenzeka. Nakuba i-moth ye-wax ingalokothi ihlasele imifantu ngesikebhe esanda kubanjwa - mhlawumbe ngoba izicupho zibekwe entwasahlobo.
3. Izinto zokwakha I-plywood noma amabhodi azinkuni angcono kakhulu ekwenzeni izicupho. Imigodi lapho izinyosi zihlala khona emvelweni zinezindonga ezingalingani, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuba wenze indawo ebhekelele kakhulu ngaphakathi. Uma uhamba ezindongeni, ungathanda futhi ukubambelela kubo.

Kubalulekile! Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola isicupho kanye ngesonto. Ngokushesha isikebhe sibanjwe futhi ngokushesha sisuke sidluliselwa esidlekeni esiphelele, umndeni wezinyosi uzoba unempilo futhi uphumelele.

Indlela yokwenza ugibe

Ukwakha ugibe uzodinga:

• 8 mm plywood noma ibhodi-eziyishumi, kangcono hhayi kuhlelwe;
• izinkuni glue;
• izikrini noma izipikili;
• umshini wensimbi ene cell sentimitha;
• i-clippers;
• izipikili zephephadonga noma izikulufa ezinama-washers;
• amafolda amaningana, angcono kunalabo asebekhulile, kusukela esidlekeni esivele sikhona;
• upende.

Indlela yokwakha:

1. Sika ikhava, izinhlangothi nangaphansi kokulinganisa okhethiwe. Isibonelo, phansi kanye nesembozo se-50 × 25 cm, izindonga zangaphambili nangemuva ziyi-50 × 27.5 cm, futhi izindonga zingama-27.5 × 22.5 cm.
2. Sakaza izingxenyana zokujoyina ngezinkuni glue bese ujoyina izingxenye ndawonye, ​​bese uzilungisa ngezikuluzi.
3. Yenza i-pendant for ozimele kusuka emigwaqweni encane bese ubamba noma uwanamathisele ezindongeni eziseceleni 2-2.5 cm kusukela phezulu kwebhokisi enezikulufa. Kuyo kuyoba amanga okuqalwa kohlaka.
4. Ukuze uliphanye emthini, faka iplanethi engu-7 × 60 cm engxenyeni enkabeni yodonga olungemuva bese usika umgodi ojikelezayo mayelana no-3 cm ububanzi engxenyeni yayo engenhla. Ngakho-ke, ugibe olugcwele izinyosi luzosuswa kalula emthini.
5. I-Jig yabona isikhombisi - inqamule 1.5 × 8 cm ngezansi naphakathi kwodonga olungaphambili. Ngosizo lwezipikili zephepha lodonga noma izikuluvu ezinama-washers phezulu kwesilwane, lungisa igalari yensimbi. Lokhu kuzovumela izinyosi ukuba zingene ngaphakathi, kodwa ngeke zivumele izinyoni namagundane ukuba agibe esicupheni.
6. Isikhumba senziwa ukushintshanisa - kwelinye lamakhonksi, lifake ngesikulufa nge-washer esizosebenza njenge-axis.
7. Paint umkhiqizo ophelile.

Uzoba nesithakazelo sokufunda ukuthi ungayenza kanjani kwisayithi lakho, izinkukhu ezinjengokuthi: i-Alpine, i-nucleus, i-multicasease, kanye nesifuba sika-Dadan

Imigomo yokusetshenziswa

Ukuqhuma kwezinyosi futhi, ngokufanayo, ukubamba izibungu kuqala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo futhi kuya phakathi kwehlobo (emgwaqeni ophakathi - kusukela ngoMeyi 25 kuya kuJulayi 10), nakuba izibungu zingase zibale kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke izicupho kumele zifakwe ekupheleni kukaMeyi.

Uyazi? Ukuze unqume isikhathi sokuqhuma, ungagxila ku-Kalina - ukuqala kwezimbali zayo kufana nokuhamba kwenqwaba yezinyosi.

Kukhona enye inhlanzi encane ehamba phambili ngoSeptemba, kodwa izibungu ezinjalo ngokuvamile ziyingcosana, kufika ku-1.5 kilogram. Banganezelwa emindenini esevele ikhona, kodwa kungcono ukushiye babanjwe ngokufaka amafomu. Ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala, bangakwazi ukugcina uju lwabo, futhi ebusika, umndeni onamagugu ayo udluliselwa esidlekeni esivamile.

Ukuthi ungaphi

Isicupho esakhiwe kahle siyingxenye yendaba kuphela. Omunye wemibandela ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani isakhiwo esakhiwe ukuze ubambe inqwaba yezinyosi kuyo.

Ukuphumelela futhi kuncike lapho izindawo zezinyosi zitholakala khona, futhi ngcono izidleke zezinyosi zasendle, futhi lapho, ngombono wakho, kungcono ukubeka izicupho kubo.

Ngokubeka izicupho, ungagxila eselulekweni sabanakekeli bezinyosi abanolwazi:

1. Ukuphakama okuphelele. Amamitha angu-4-6 ukusuka emhlabathini. Izinyosi zingakhetha indawo yendawo futhi ingezansi, kodwa ngokuvamile ifuna indawo engatholakali kubaphangi futhi kude nomhlaba omanzi.
2. Ukubonakala Uma ungaboni isicupho kusuka kumamitha angu-30, kuyoba nzima ukuba izinyosi zizithole.
3. Shadow Ama-Scouts ngeke aholele isikebhe endaweni eshisa phansi kwelanga.
4. Umbala okhanyayo. Ngenxa yesizathu esingenhla - ukuvikelwa kokushisa okukhulu, umbala wezindonga kufanele ube nokukhanya - okumhlophe, okumpunga okukhanyayo, njll.
5. Izihlahla ezibonakalayo. Okuhle kunabo bonke - emi ngasemaphethelweni ehlathi, eduze komgwaqo, ekupheleni kokuhlanzwa ehlathini noma okuhlukaniswe ngobukhulu bayo.
6. Ukuqhathaniswa nemindeni exhaphazayo. Ukuqhathaniswa nendawo yezinyosi noma ezindaweni lapho izinyosi zasendle zihlala khona kwenza kube lula ukubamba isikebhe. Kodwa akufanele ubeke izicupho noma zivale kakhulu - azikaze zisebenze ensimini yendawo yezinyosi noma eduze kwayo, futhi kakade zingamamitha angaba ngu-30-50 ukusuka kulo, zihlanganyela ngokuzithandela ngezibungu.
7. Izindawo ukuthi izinyosi ziyazi. Ama-scouts afuna indawo lapho izibhamu zizohlala khona yizisebenzi ezifanayo ezaziqoqa i-nectar ne-pollen ngaphambili. Ngakho-ke, baqala ukubuka izindawo ezijwayelekile. Yingakho kufanelekile kakhulu ukubeka izicupho endaweni lapho kukhona khona izinyosi eziningi - izingadi kanye nezindawo lapho izitshalo ezinhle zensimu zasendle ziqhakaza khona. Izindawo lapho kunokudla okuncane - isibonelo, amadlelo kanye namahlathi e-coniferous - awanakudonsa isikhukhula.
8. Umthombo wamanzi Amanzi yisinye sezidingo ezibalulekile zomndeni. Amaphesenti angu-100 lapho izibungu ezihlala khona zihamba ibanga elingamakhilomitha angamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye ukusuka emfudlaneni noma echibini.
9. Isifundo. Kwezinye izibonelelo zokufuya izinyosi kuboniswa ukuthi ukungena kungcono ukubuyela eningizimu, kodwa ngokusemandleni akekho noyedwa walabo bezinyosi abasebenzisa i-compass ngalokhu. Isiqondiso se-notch asikho lutho olubalulekile, ngoba izinyosi ezinye izinto ezibalulwe ngenhla zibaluleke kakhulu.
10. Imithi enhle. Isihlahla kanye nendawo lapho ubambe khona isikebhe kuzoheha izinyosi esikhathini esizayo - kamuva ngenkathi efanayo, naseminyakeni elandelayo. Ngakho-ke, kuwumqondo omuhle ukubeka ugibe olungenalutho esikhundleni salokho osanda kususa.

Uyazi? Isisindo sesilinganiso sezinyosi ezifinyelela ku-kilogram ayisishiyagalombili.

Ukususa izicupho

Ngezikhathi ezithile, cishe kanye ngesonto, hlola izicupho ezifakiwe. Uma ubona inqwaba yezinambuzane ezindiza ngaphakathi nangaphandle, ungahalalisela. Buya ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga, lapho zonke izinyosi ezisebenzayo zibuya emasimini, futhi uthathe inyamazane yakho.

Kodwa ngaphambi kokukhipha isicupho, faka indlebe eludongeni lwayo bese uyiphonsa kalula. I-buzz enkulu iqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona isibhamu ngaphakathi. Uma ibhokisi lingenalutho noma uzwa i-buzz yezinambuzane ezimbalwa nje kuphela, lokhu kusho ukuthi izinyosi ozibonayo emini ziyi-scouts, futhi isibhamu sizofika kusasa noma ngosuku olulandelayo. Buyela kamuva.

Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ukuthi izinyosi zihambahamba eduze komnyango - akusho ukuthi kukhona isibhamu ngaphakathi. Ama-scouts, ngokuvamile ayingcosana, ngezinye izikhathi amakhulu, ngemva kokuthola indawo efanelekile, ukuyihlola futhi alethe isibhamu kamuva - ezinsukwini ezingu-2-5. Ngezinye izikhathi isibhamu asiveli.

Funda ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zomkhiqizo owuphawulekayo wokuloba izinyosi njengobusi: uketshezi oluthile, i-lime, i-phacelia, i-rapeseed, i-chestnut, i-acacia, i-acacia, i-coriander, emhlophe.

Ukuhlolwa kwesicupho ngemuva komnyama kuyindlela eqinisekile kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuthi isibhamu siphelile kuso. Nazi ezinye izimpawu zalokhu:

• uma ubona inqwaba yezinyosi ezibopha izindonga zebhokisi kanye nesiqu somuthi - isibhamu sifikile futhi sizohamba ngaphakathi kungakapheli ihora;
• ama-scouts ashukuthela ngokushesha futhi angenawo amandla, agibele futhi asheshe aphume endaweni yokungena, azungeze, futhi izinambuzane ezifika nje azikwazi ukuthola ngokushesha ukungena;
• uma izinyosi zithwala impova - i-swarm ngaphakathi. Ama-scouts akalokothi aqoqe impova. Woza emva kwesonto. Uma izinyosi zisalokhu ziningi kakhulu - zaqala ukuhlala phansi.

Kusihlwa, kusihlwa noma ngemva kokushona kwelanga, ukhuphuka esihlahleni noma ukhuphuke izitebhisi futhi usebenzise isitimela ukuvala amasango ngensimbi enhle kakhulu. Susa noma ukhulule ibhokisi bese uhlehlisa phansi. Uma ukuphakama kuncane - vele ubambe esandleni sakho, uma umuthi uphakeme noma indawo ingakhululekile - ngentambo.

Ukuze ugcizelele ngokwakho, sebenzisa i-headlamp ngesihlungi esibomvu sokukhanya. Izinyosi aziboni ukukhanya okubomvu futhi ungakhathazeki, futhi usebenza ngokuthula.

Kubalulekile! Uma isibhamu sifike esimweni sezulu, kudingeka ufake amafreyimu amaningana ngenyosi ezinyosi ukuze zingafi ngendlala.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi i-apiary isondele kunamakhilomitha angu-5 ukusuka endaweni lapho isibhamu sitholwe khona, kuqala udinga ukuthatha isicupho amakhilomitha ayisishiyagalombili kuya kolunye uhlangothi bese uyishiya evulekile isonto. Uma kungenjalo, izinyosi ngeke zibuyele esidlekeni, kodwa endaweni lapho zibanjwe khona.

Uma isibhamu sasihlala nawe isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuba i-brood ibonakale, kukhona ithuba elincane lokuthi izinyosi zizohlangana. Ukuze ubophe umndeni omusha endaweni yezinyosi, ungabambela ngokuzimele eziningana nge-brood ezithathwe kwesinye isidleke.

Yilokho okudingayo ukwazi ukuthi ungabamba kanjani izinyosi zezinyosi bese uyithumela endaweni yakho yezinyosi. Kunzima ekuqaleni, umsebenzi ulula. Zama futhi uzibonele.