Amagilebhisi atholakala emasimini asekhaya cishe kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba. Abalimi bezitshalo bazama ukuthola, ukutshala futhi bakhule kahle imifino yamagilebhisi evumelana nabo kuzo zonke izici. Futhi kukhona izinhlobo ezimbalwa zalesi sitshalo esihle kakhulu, ngenxa yokukhiqiza nobuchwepheshe obukhona, zonke ziyahlukahluka komunye nomunye. Ukuhlolwa emkhakheni wokuzalanisa kwasiza ukuletha i-hybrid, ngokuvumelana nezici ezingcono kunabantwana. Lezi nzalo ziyingxenye yamagilebhisi e-Alfa.
Umlando wokuzala
U-Alpha uhlolwe ngabalimi basekhaya iminyaka eminengi manje. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Lelivini livela e-United States of America, lapho lwakhiwa khona ososayensi baseMelika ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobo zeLabruska neRipariya.
Amagilebhisi obuchwepheshe afaka phakathi: "Krasnostop Zolotovsky", "Isabella", "Chardonnay", "Cabernet Sauvignon", "Riesling".
Kwavela ukumelana nokubandayo futhi ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukusetshenziselwa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zemvelo. Amasampula akhe ngenhloso yokutadisha izinhlobo ezithathwe eMelika zanikelwa e-Odessa. 
Sekudlule iminyaka engaba ngu-70 kusukela ngesikhathi i-Alfa grape cuttings kanye nabanye bevela e-USA baya epulazini lase-Vinogradar wesifunda esifundeni saseBrest. Wathandwa kakhulu cishe kuwo wonke ama-republic aseSoviet.
Uyazi? Kukhona okungenani amagilebhisi ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi emhlabeni, okungaphezulu kakhulu kwezilimo ezikhulile.
Incazelo
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo i-pollinator enhle kakhulu yamanye amagilebhisi. Echaza incazelo yamagilebhisi e-Alpha, okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa indawo yesayithi, futhi zikhula kahle.
Izihlahla ze-Alfa zikhula kancane futhi zihle kakhulu. Kuhle ezihlukahlukene ezikhulayo eziqinileenikeza amahlumela amaningi. Ama-creepers ubude angafinyelela ku-9 m, ahlanganiswe amaqabunga amakhulu anemiphetho eqondile enezikhali ezibukhali kanye ne-lobes yesici. Ubude beshidi bungaba yi-25 cm, ububanzi buka-20-35 cm.
Amabhuzu
I-blooms ye-Alpha engxenyeni yokuqala ka-June. Ehlathini elilodwa kukhona ama-inflorescences ama-2-3 oboepolny. Amaqoqo alezi zinhlobonhlobo abukeka amahle, aphakathi kokulingana nobukhulu, abhekwa yi-cylindrical noma kwezinye izimo ukuma kwe-cylindrical.
Isisindo samaqoqo ahluka ngaphakathi kusuka ku-90 g kuya ku-250 g. Ngokuqina okukhulu kwamahlumela amagilebhisi, inqwaba yezinhlamvu zingabi ngaphezu kuka-70 g, futhi zona ngokwazo ziba yizici ezikhululekile, amajikijolo - amancane. Ngokuvamile amajikijolo ayindilinga, ubukhulu obuphakathi, cishe obumnyama ngotshani obomvu noma obomvu.
Amajikijolo avuthiwe abhekene nesikhomba esithile se-pulp, aphakathi kokunambitheka, okunzima kakhulu. On amajikijolo ezivuthiwe ezibonakalayo wax zokugqoka. Isisindo samajikijolo singama-2-3 g. Ushukela ekwakheni amajikijolo avuthiwe ngu-16%. Amajikijolo angadliwa futhi ashintshwe.
Uyazi? Amagilebhisi avame ukudala ukwanda okukhulu kwesisindo, kodwa hhayi amajikijolo ngokwawo kuphela imbangela, kodwa futhi ikhono labo lokukhulisa kakhulu ukudla.
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
Ngokusho izici nezidingo zenhlabathi, lokhu okuhlukahluka akusizi kahle, kubekezelela ukubandisa nokubandayo kweqhwa, kunzima ukumelana nezinambuzane nezifo. Akudingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile noma ezinye izinyathelo ezengeziwe ekukhuleni. Ngakho-ke, lezi ezihlukahlukene kufanelekile kubantu abamatasa abangakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngesitshalo ngokunakekelwa okuphelele.
Ukuthela
Isivuno se-Alpha amagilebhisi kunesilinganiso futhi sine-10 kg amajikijolo avuthiwe avela esihlahleni esisodwa noma kusukela kuma-140 kuya kwangu-180 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye indawo etshalwayo.
Kubalulekile! Kubonakala ukuthi ukudla amagilebhisi kugcizelela ukucindezelwa, kuthuthukise ukukhishwa kwama-capillaries kanye nodonga lwamasongo, kwandisa amagugu e-hemoglobin. Amazinga aphezulu e-fructose ne-glucose athuthukisa ukusebenza kobuchopho, kodwa udinga ukucabangela izinga leshukela egazini.
Isikhathi sokubeletha
I-Alpha iyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yokuvuthwa. Le nqubo ihlala ezinsukwini ezingu-140-150. Isikhathi sokuvuna siwela ekupheleni kukaSepthemba noma ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Ubusika obunzima
I-Alpha ibhekwa ngamazinga aphezulu obunzima bebusika. Uyakwazi, ngokuya ngesimo sakhe kanye nezimo ezikhulayo, ukumelana nesithwathwa kusuka -35 ° C kuya ku-45 ° C. Izimpande zalesi sitshalo zingakwazi ukubekezelela izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi njengezinga eliphansi -12 ° C ngaphandle kokulimala okubonakalayo.
Indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi
Ama-cuttings e-grape ase-Alpha anamazinga aphakeme kakhulu okuqothula ama-rooting, futhi akhula kahle nama-grafts. Ngenxa yesilinganiso esihle sokusinda kanye nobunzima bebusika, kunconywa ngisho ukutshala izithombo ngaphambi kweqhwa ngenyanga ka-Okthoba-Novemba.
Isikhathi senhlobo saso siyakwazi ukutshala amagilebhisi. Ukukhetha indawo yokufika, kufanele ubeke phambili eningizimu, ivikelwe emikhankanyeni enamandla nemimoya enezinga eliphezulu lokukhanyisa lonke usuku. 
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Alpha azizithobeki ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi, kodwa kufanele zikhule futhi zibe nesihlabathi ekubunjweni kwayo. Izwe akufanele liphakanyiswe ngamanzi, ngakho-ke ukutshala ngokushesha emva kwemvula enzima akukhuthazwa. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukupholisa amagilebhisi kufanele kulandelwe emanzini ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimpande ezingcono.
Imbobo eyi-80 cm ejulile igubha ukuze zonke izendlalelo ezidingekayo zokutshala zifakwe kuso. Izimbiza kudingeka zihleleke uma utshala izitshalo ezingaphezu kweyodwa, kude no-1.5m phakathi kwehlathi kanye no-2 m phakathi kwemigqa.
Okokuqala, uhlaka lwamanzi lulala, bese lufaka umanyolo wamaminerali, ohlangene nomhlabathi. Maphakathi nomgodi kudingeka ufake ukusekelwa komvini. Izithelo zomvini zamagilebhisi noma zomvini zise entanyeni futhi zimbozwe ngokuphelele nenhlabathi, ziphuziswa ngamanzi amaningi. Ubusika kubalulekile ukumboza.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amagilebhisi ukudla kanye nesikhumba, ngoba liqukethe ama-antioxidants amaningi.
Izici zokunakekelwa
I-Grape Alpha inezinye izici njengokutshala nokunakekelwa. Ngokwehluleka, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo azidingi ukunakekelwa okuqondile kubalimi, okumele kube okufanayo nakwezinye izinhlobo. Kodwa cabanga ukuthi uzokwazi yini ukwenza ezinye izinqubo ezidingekayo, ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa okulula okulula, udinga ngisho nangaphambi kokutshala amagilebhisi.
Ukunisela
Ukuchelela kokuqala entwasahlobo kwenziwa ngemva kokuba amahlumela akhululiwe endaweni yokukhosela. Ngokukhululekile, umhlabathi kufanele uswakanyiswe kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya ekuqaleni kukaJune. Kunconywa ukuhlanganisa ukuchelela nokugqoka okudingekayo, kuyilapho ngaphansi kwesihlahla esisodwa kubalulekile ukuthululela emabhakeni amane amanzi ahlanjululwe ngamanyolo.
Uyazi? Izakhamuzi zase-Italy naseFrance, ezivame ukusebenzisa iwayini elincane, cishe azihlushwa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukushaywa komzimba kanye ne-oncology.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Uma ukhathalela amagilebhisi u-Alpha kunesidingo sokwethulwa ngezikhathi ezithile enhlabathini ye-sulfate enezinsimbi ene-salt salts, okuthinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwezitshalo, futhi kusiza ukugwema izifo zezitshalo nge-chlorosis.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuhambisanayo kwezithombo kudinga izakhi eziningi. Efanelekayo ukutshala kwezitshalo kanye nokukhipha umanyolo womanyolo wamakhambi, umlotha, izinyoni zezinyoni. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa izixazululo zokuvuna amagilebhisi avela ezinhlobonhlobo zezakhi zamakhemikhali ezitholakala ezitolo ezikhethekile.
Ukunciphisa nokunciphisa
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Alpha zinokuzala okungcono kakhulu, ngakho kudinga ukusika izihlahla njalo. Kubalulekile ukugcina ngokucophelela ukwakhiwa kwefihlekile evundile futhi, uma kunesidingo, unciphise amehlo angu-8-10.
Ukuvuna amagilebhisi kungenziwa entwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla.
Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ukugqithiswa kwesihlahla futhi kuzosiza ukwakha isitshalo esikhulu esikhulu nesikhuphuka esizayo. Kumele futhi kuqaphele ukuthi amandla amakhulu kakhulu ekukhuleni nasekuvuthweni kwamahlumela anika isidingo sokufeza izinyathelo - ukususa izinyathelo ezingadingekile ukuze ihlumela eliyinhloko likhule kahle.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-alpha ye-grape enhle ukumelana nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-fungal, kodwa ijwayele ukuchithwa kwe-chlorosis, ikakhulukazi emhlabathini okhulayo onesihlabathi kanye nokudla nokunisela okunganele.
Ngezinye izikhathi isitshalo singathinteka yizifo ezifana ne-mildew, oidium, i-anthracnose.
Lesi sitshalo kumele siphucuzwe ngezikhathi ezithile futhi senziwe ngokusetshenziselwa ama agent akhethekile ukulwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, isikhunta, amabhaktheriya. Lokhu ukwelashwa kuyasiza ekuvimbeleni umonakalo wamagilebhisi ngama-aps, aphid, izibungu nezinye izinambuzane ezincane.
Kubalulekile! Izithelo zomvini ezikhula eduze ne-parsley zizokhula kangcono, zikhiqize amajikijolo anambithekayo futhi zingasongelwa yizilokazane nezifo.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
I-Alfa inezinzuzo zombili nezimo eziyingozi. Ngezikhathi ezinhle Lokhu kufaka izinga lokukhula okuphezulu, ukwehlisa impova, izinga lokukhula kwe-rooting, izinga lokusinda kanye nokuphikiswa kwezifo zalesi sivini, isivuno saso esikhulu, amaqabunga amnandi kakhulu.
Futhi ama-berries ayo enza iwayini elihlwabusayo futhi elinempilo, futhi amagilebhisi angasetshenziswa njengesitokisi futhi asebenze njengesixazululo esihle kakhulu sokuhlobisa umhlaba, ukuhlobisa ama-arbors, ama-arches, ama-pergolas, ama-balconi, ama-loggias, ama-facade ezinhlaka ezihlukahlukene.
Kwezinye izimo ezimbi Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Alpha zihlanganisa ikhono layo lokuqeda ngokushesha futhi ngokuphawulekayo izindawo zokukhula kwalo nabantwana bokutholwa, abadinga ukuhlanzwa izikhathi eziningana ngesikhathi sokufudumala. Futhi akuzona izinkomba zokunambitheka kakhulu eziphawulweyo.
I-Alpha ehlukahlukene yamagilebhisi izokwaziswa ngokukhethekile ngabalimi nabakhi bewayini ezindaweni ezihamba nesimo sezulu esishisa kakhulu futhi esifushane. Unezici eziningi ezikhangayo zokukhula. Kubalimi abanamakhanda, lokhu kuhlukahluka kuyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sokuhlakulela izitshalo ezinjalo.
