Amagilebhisi "Ikhulu leminyaka" akudala kakhulu adumile eCIS, kodwa usevele ekwazi ukunqoba uthando lwabalimi abaningi.
Cabangela incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo, thola lokho akudinga ukunakekelwa nokuthi wamukele ukuthandwa kwakhe.
Umlando wokuzala
Amagilebhisi, eyaziwa ngokuthi "Ikhulu leminyaka", umphumela wokuwela okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili zamagilebhisi - "Igolide" ne "Q25-6". Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwaqala ukusebenza ngo-1966 eCalifornia, eU.SA. Izinhlobo zokuhlola zahlala iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye, futhi ngo-1980 ezihlukahlukene zafakwa kuhlu lwezinhlobonhlobo zaseMelika. Esikhathini se-CIS, lezi zihlukahlukene zavela ngemva kuka-2010 futhi zavela kakhulu.
Uyazi? Igama lezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi emisindweni yasekuqaleni njenge "Centennail Seedless". Kuhunyushwe, kubonakala sengathi "ikhulu elingenalutho" futhi libonisa isici esiyinhloko samagilebhisi - azikho nhlobo imbewu kuyo. Ngakho-ke, i-kishmish isetshenziselwa ukwenza izithelo zomvini eziphezulu.Cishe, i-patent yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi iphelelwe yisikhathi, yingakho umvini ubhekwa njengamagilebhisi afanele ukulima futhi ekhaya. Ngakho-ke, hhayi abalimi abanolwazi kuphela, kodwa futhi abalimi nabanikazi bangakwazi ukuphawula imiphumela yeminyaka eminingi yomsebenzi ekuzaliseni izinhlobonhlobo.
Incazelo kanye nezici ezihlukile
I-Kishmish ingeyenazo izinhlobo ezivuthwa ngokushesha. Ikhulu leminyaka linikeza izithelo cishe eminyakeni emibili kuya kweyithathu emva kokuduka. Ngonyaka wokuvuthwa, isivuno singatholakala ezinsukwini ezingu-140 emva kwesikhathi sokukhula. Isici esiyinhloko sezinhlobonhlobo ukungabikho kwembewu esithelweni, lesi sivini esingenambewu. 
Ukuvuna kuyomangaza ngokumangalisayo noma yikuphi ukulima. Isisindo samagilebhisi ngezinye izikhathi sifinyelela ku-1.5-2 kg, kanti isisindo esincane kunazo zonke sizoba nesisindo esingama-700 g. Amagilebhisi anomphelo omude futhi amajikijolo awanaki noma aphule, kodwa kunconywa ukuvuna ngesikhathi sokugwema ukuchithwa.
Amajikijolo ngokwawo afinyelela izinsimbi ezifika ku-10 g, futhi isilinganiso sama-5-7 g, okuyinto ephezulu kakhulu yezinhlobo ezingenambewu. Ukuma kwabo ku-oblong, i-oval. Uma sesivuthiwe, ama-raisins ashintsha umbala kusuka eluhlaza kuya e-yellow-golden.
Uyazi? Abavini bewayini abanolwazi bathi ngaphezu kokudla okunambitheka ezinhlobonhlobo "Ikhulu leminyaka" kukhona touch of tea rose. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye flavour ezixhomeke enhlabathini lapho amagilebhisi akhula khona.Amajikijolo angadliwa ngesikhumba - sinomzimba futhi awunayo ukunambitheka okuzwakalayo, futhi inyama inomfaniswano, isakhiwo esiqinile kakhulu. Ungase futhi uzizwe ukuthi i-raisin ine-flavor nutmeg.
Uhluka omisiwe kanye nokunambitha. Akusiwo ushukela, kepha kuyamnandi okwemvelo, naphezu kokuthi okuqukethwe okweshukela amajikijolo akusiyo ngaphezu kwama-15% (izinhlobo ezithile zitshalwe nge-sugar content ka-20% noma ngaphezulu, kodwa azidingekile futhi zikhule ngokukhethekile).I-asidi yezinhlobonhlobo i-5% kuphela, yingakho ama-buds enambitha abona ukuthi i-berry iyamnandi ngokomzimba.
Hlola izinhlobo ezinjalo zemagilebhisi njenge "Veliant", "Krasnothop Zolotovsky", "Arochny", "Riesling", "Ngokukhumbuza udokotela ohlinzayo", "Gourmet", "Elegant", "Tason", "Ngokukhumbula uDombkovskaya", "Julian", "I-Cabernet Sauvignon", "Chardonnay", "Ukuguqulwa"."Ikhulu leminyaka" likhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke uma ungenalo isikhala esiningi kakhulu samagilebhisi, kungcono ukutshala izithombo - ngale ndlela ungagcina isikhala.
Kodwa amagilebhisi akhulile kusuka ku-cuttings esifushane, akhula kaningi izikhathi ezinamandla. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokutshala, amahlumela amagilebhisi angakhula amamitha ambalwa. Izinhlobonhlobo eziveziwe zezithelo zomvini zivinjelwe kakhulu kumakhaza-kuya kwangu-20-25 ° C. Izithelo "Centenary" kusukela maphakathi no-September kuze kubanda kakhulu, okubalulekile futhi.
Izimo ezikhulayo
Naphezu kokuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithinta imvula, kuyadingeka ukutshala amagilebhisi ezindaweni eziseningizimu. "Ikhulu leminyaka" likhula kahle emazweni afudumele. Ekhaya, kufanele ahlele isakhiwo ngendlela engenzeka eningizimu yendlu noma ucingo.
Kubalulekile! Ngaphandle kwalokho angeke atshale amagilebhisi empumalanga noma enyakatho. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo singakwazi ukugwinya lapho. Indawo efanele kakhulu eningizimu. Lapho, amagilebhisi azokwenyuka kahle futhi angeke abe ngaphansi kwengozi yokuba ne-supercooled.Uma ungayitholanga into enjengale, khona-ke kunconywa kakhulu ukuba utshale amagilebhisi ekujuleni kwesigamu semitha.
Kubalulekile ukuthi isitshalo sinesikhala esanele, njengoba lezi zihlukahlukene zikhula ngokushesha. Kubuye kubalulekile ukuthi amagilebhisi awahlanganisiwe. 
Ukuthuthukiswa, kudinga ilanga, futhi ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo kubalulekile ukuba ujabulele ukuvuna ngokugcwele.
Indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi
Yiqiniso, enye yezindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu ukutshala amagilebhisi.
Kuxhomeke kulo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuzokhula ngendlela evamile, faka izimpande, ngakho-ke, lesi sigaba kumele sinikezwe ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze unikeze isitshalo ngezimo ezinhle zokukhula, futhi uzinike ithuba lokuthokoza ngemuva kokuvuna okuhle.
Ukukhethwa kwezithombo
Into yokuqala esiyilalela ngayo, yiqiniso, izithombo. Kuxhomeke kubo ukuthi izitshalo zizokhula kanjani - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziyoba namandla ngokwanele, ngabe zingakhuthazeka yini. Abakwa-Winegrowers babelana ngama-saplings ngekhwalithi. 
Kukhona okuthiwa u-elite, owokuqala nowesibili ebangeni, kanye ne-substandard.
Cabanga ngalunye lwalezi zinhlobo, ngakho-ke unganquma ngokufanelekile kakhulu kuzo izici kanye nentengo futhi ungashiyi ngaphandle kwamagilebhisi.
Izici ezihlukanisayo zezimpande ezincane zikhona izimpande ezine noma ngaphezulu, kanti ubukhulu bawo ngamunye kufanele bube okungenani u-2 mm, futhi ilungiselelo kufanele libukeke lifanane. Ukukhula okuvuthiwe kufanele kube nobude obungama-25 cm (okungenani), kanti ubukhulu besisekelo sabo cishe bu-5 mm.
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zihlukaniswa nokutholakala kwezimpande ezine noma ngaphezulu, kanye nezinhlobo ze-elite, kepha izithombo zebanga lokuqala zinomthelela wokuthi okungenani ezimbili zazo kufanele zibe ngu-2 mm ubukhulu. Izimpande kufanele zitholakale ezindaweni ezilinganayo ezilingana. 
Amahlumela kulezi zinhlobo kumele abe nezinyathelo ezingaphezu kweyodwa, futhi okungenani oyedwa kufanele abe ngu-20 cm ubude.
Ibanga lesibili liphansi kakhulu kuzici zokuqala. Izidingo zazo zingaphansi: okungenani izimpande ezimbili zakhiwe phansi, futhi amahlumela amathathu okukhula okuvuthiwe.
Izithombo ezingavumelani nalabo abakhula babo ababuthakathaka kakhulu noma abakakaze bavuthwe okwamanje. Izithombo zokuthenga ezinjalo azikhuthazwa.
Kungcono ukuwashiya ukuvuthwa noma ukuwaqeda, ngoba ayilungile, ikakhulukazi awukwazi ukukhula noma yini kusuka esitelekeni esincane, uchitha isikhathi namandla.
Isikhathi sokuhlela nokuhlela
Izinkathi ezivuna kakhulu zokutshala amagilebhisi zikwindla noma entwasahlobo. 
Iphuzu elibaluleke kunazo zonke ekutshaleni libhekwa ngokufanele ukhetho lomhlabathi ofanele. Kuncike kuye ukuthi imbewu izoqina kangakanani, yiziphi izinhlobo zomsoco azothola ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa okujwayelekile kwenzalo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala amagilebhisi "Ikhulu leminyaka" kubalulekile ukulungisa umhlabathi. Kumele kube inani elanele lomswakama, futhi inhlabathi kufanele 'ihlale phansi.' Lokhu kuzofaka isandla ekuhlanjuleni okuhle kwesitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Uma uhlela ukutshala amagilebhisi entwasahlobo, kungcono ukulungisa imigodi ngesikhathi sokuwa, futhi ngokufanayo.Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi ine-air air air, futhi inezinkomba zayo ezakhiwe futhi zilandele izinto ezithinta kakhulu ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo.
Ukujula lapho izithombo kudingeka zibekwe khona kuxhomeke ngqo ekukhanyeni noma okweqile inhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, umgodi endaweni ephansi ebuthakathaka kuyoba ngamamitha ayi-square square. cm, futhi ukujula kwayo ngeke kube ngaphansi kuka-60 cm. Emhlabathini owunzima umgodi udonswa nge-70 cm ejulile nokuningi, futhi indawo yawo izoba cishe ilingana no-60 × 80 cm. Ukutholakala kwamanzi emhlabathini eduze kwesitshalo kuyadingeka, kuyilapho kubalulekile ukukhetha isayithi intwasahlobo ngeke ikhukhumezeke ngeqhwa eliqhakazile. Amagilebhisi Yebo, uthanda amanzi, kodwa hhayi ngamanani amaningi.
Futhi umhlaba ozohlwanyela amahlumela akufanele ube owomile. Kumele kube semanzi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanza indawo kusuka kumkhula ukhulule inhlabathi.
Izimpande zomvini ngaphambi kokutshala nazo zidinga ukucutshungulwa.
Okokuqala, kumele baphathwe nezidakamizwa ezikhuthaza ukukhula (futhi uma kuthengwa i-petioles, kufanele zishiywe kusixazululo esinjalo amahora angu-24), bese kusetshenziswa ama-agent wokunquma, futhi emva kokuba kusetshenziswe izimpande ezihlanzekile, kwenziwa njengesigaba sokugcina sokucubungula. 
Isikhathi esinqunyiwe lapho uhlose ukubeka khona isitelwane kufanele futhi sikulungele. Lokhu kwenziwa kanje: ngezansi kufanele kube khona ungqimba lwamanzi lapho ukugqoka okuphezulu okuyinkimbinkimbi kufakwa khona, khona-ke isithombo sibekwa khona.
Ngemva kwalokho, ulele ebusweni bomhlabathi okhulayo. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi inhlabathi ifanele noma ayitholakali, ungasebenzisa i-humus, iyokwazi ukubhekana kahle nomsebenzi wayo.
Kubalulekile! Uma amagilebhisi atshalwa eduze kwendlu, kufanele ugcine ibanga: phakathi kwephansi kanye nesitshalo kufanele kube ngamamitha ayisithupha nengxenye.Gcina ibanga phakathi kwezithombo ngokwabo. I-Kishimish ikhula kahle, ngakho-ke ukutshala izihlahla ezidingekayo ukuze ibanga phakathi kwabo lingenani ngamamitha amathathu.
I-Grade Care
Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa okuhle kwe "Century" ngeke kudingeke ukuthi kwenziwe kuphela inqubo yokutshala ngokucophelela, kodwa futhi uyakunakekela.
Njengazo zonke ezinye izitshalo, ngenxa yokuntula ukunakekelwa kwengxenye yomnikazi noma ukunakekelwa okungalungile, isihlahla singashona noma singabuyi umphumela okulindelwe kuyo, ngaleyo ndlela sibuze zonke izimfanelo zayo nezibuyekezo.
Ukunisela
Amagilebhisi - isitshalo esinothando samanzi, futhi kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayimile. I-Kishimish idinga ukuchelela njalo. Uma unesivini esibalulekile ensimini noma hhayi isikhathi esiningi kakhulu, ungahlomisa uhlelo lokugeleza.
Amanzi kufanele ahlinzekwe ezimpandeni zehlathi. Kubalulekile ukungavumeli amanzi amaningi ngokweqile emhlabathini, amagilebhisi abathandi umhlabathi omanzi kakhulu. 
Indlela yokunisela - ngenhla komhlaba, ngaphansi komhlaba, ukuvuza - ungakhetha wena. Ngokuvamile kuxhomeke ezimweni zezulu. Ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, ukuchelela amagilebhisi kumele kube nokuningi, kanye naphakathi nesikhathi lapho ama-blooms asehlathini.
Umanyolo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inhlabathi evundile kangakanani, ukufaka umquba izithelo zomvini ngeke kuphumele. Kuhle ukufaka enhlabathini ingxube ye-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-phosphorus, kanye nezakhi ezicebile.
Ukwengeza ama-droppings ezinyoni kuzoba nethonya elizuzayo ekuphileni komvini omisiwe - lo umanyolo unayo yonke into edingekayo yamagilebhisi futhi kubhekwa njengelona elihle kakhulu kulesi sitshalo. Ukwengeza umquba kungaba kuhle uma inhlabathi ingobumba.
Izitshalo zibalulekile ukwenza ngonyaka, ngoba ngenxa yezinto ezibalulekile zesitshalo, zinomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni nasesimo samagilebhisi. 
Ukudubula
Le nqubo ikwandisa isivuno, ngakho-ke asikwazi ukungazinaki lesi sigaba sokunakekelwa kwezitshalo.
Njengoba amehlo esisekelo sehlumela asinayo izithelo eziphakeme, abavinini bewayini abanolwazi bayancoma ngokuqinisekile.
Uzobe nesithakazelo sokufunda mayelana nokusika izikhonkwane, ama-apula, ama-currants, ama-peaches, ama-plums, ama-cherry, ama-apricot, i-appono kolonovidnyh.Ukwenza lokhu, uzodinga isitifiketi kanye nesikhathi esincane (kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu besivini, yiqiniso). Okuyinhloko yokwelapha ukukhipha amahlumela amancane nokusika izikebhe ezivele zikwazi ukupheka, kuphela i-1/3 yazo ezisele.
Kubalulekile uma wenza lokhu kuqhuma ngesitshalo ukuthi ungathinti ukudubula okuvuthiwe, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuba uguqise ngangokunokwenzeka kuwo. 
Izifo nezinambuzane
Amagilebhisi ama-sultana "Aminyaka Eminyaka" aphikisana kakhulu nezifo ezinjenge-mildew ne-oidium, futhi akuzona izifo ezisemthethweni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amagilebhisi ngokuvamile akadingi ukwelashwa ngokumelene nezifo ezinjalo.
Ukubola kwezitshalo akuzange kubonwe.
Ukwelashwa ngokumelene nezilokazane "IziNkulungwane" zidinga. Izitha eziyinhloko zezinhlobonhlobo yi-leafworm eneminyaka emibili ubudala, enomkhuba wokukhuphuka ngaphansi kwegxolo nokuthelela isitshalo ngaphakathi, ne-phylloxera, ingozi okukhiqizwa ngayo ngokushesha.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezifo eziyingozi zamagilebhisi, ikakhulukazi nge-Alternaria.Ukupuniza ngamagilebhisi ngokulungiselela okusetshenziselwa lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukulwa nomuthi wesibhakabhaka oneminyaka emibili ubudala, futhi ngokumelene ne-phylloxera, izimpande ezingamelana nezinambuzane zitshalwe, kodwa akufanele ukhohlwe ukuphathwa kwamakhemikhali noma izicupho ezikhethekile.
Ukuze i-os "Centenary" enhle, njengomthetho, ayikho inzalo. 
Ebusika
Izinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi "Ikhulu" alinamakhaza. Iyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa kuze kufike ku -25 ° C. Amaqoqo anamajikijolo angangena efrijini. Ungagxila emakhono abo nobudala besitshalo.
Isibonelo, uma utshala kuphela umvini ekwindla, ngakho-ke kufanele uyimboze ubusika. Okukhethwa kukho ukufihla isitshalo kusuka efrijini eminyakeni yokuqala engu-3-4 yokuphila. Isimo sezulu sendawo sizodlala indima ebalulekile lapha.
Ngakho-ke, uma ubusika esifundeni sakho bushisa futhi kungekho frosts eqinile - awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngamagilebhisi, izobhekana kahle ne-snaps ezibandayo, uma nje ikhula esigabeni eseningizimu, njengoba enyakatho nasempumalanga kungabangela umonakalo emanzini.
Umhlabathi ungasetshenziselwa ukufudumala izithelo zomvini omisiwe (amahlathi ahlanganiswe nengqimba engaba ngu-20 cm), kanti ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, amaqabunga kanye ne-sawdust nakho kufanelekile. 
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Ngaphambi kokutshala amagilebhisi esiqhingini sakho, sincoma ukuthi ungazazi nje kuphela izici eziyinhloko zokuzinakekela, kodwa futhi nezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo esizozihlola ngokwehlukana.
Ngakho-ke, ukubaluleka kwe-Centennial Rishumish kuhlanganisa:
- Amagilebhisi avame ukuletha isivuno esikhulu;
- iyamelana nezifo, ikakhulukazi - isikhutha kanye ne-oidium, ngenxa yokuthi ayidingi ukwelashwa ngokumelene nabo;
- Lokhu kuhlukahluka kungakhula kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi, uma kunakekelwa ngokwanele ukufaka umquba ezweni;
- akukho zimo zokubola kanye ne-pea plant ezibhekwa;
- ezihlukahlukene ukulwa nokubandayo;
- Le amagilebhisi ingenye yezinto ezithwala kakhulu, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokuhamba, amajikijolo awaphazamisi futhi agcina isethulo esihle;
- ukutholakala kwemvula kanye nelanga eliqondile akukhonjisiwe kumajikijolo - abaqhekeki;
- Imifino isomisiwe yokwenza izinga eliphezulu elivuthiwe;
- amajikijolo avame ukusetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwezaladi zezithelo, kanye ne-muesli.
Ukungahambi kahle kwamagilebhisi akunjalo. Ngokuqondile, yiyodwa kuphela futhi ihlobene ngokuqondile nokubukeka.Futhi into yukuthi ilanga eliqondile emaqenjini kamuva liphendukela ekuhlakazeni izindawo ezincane ezimnyama kumajikijolo.
Kungcono ukuqeda amajikijolo anjalo, ngakho-ke kunesidingo sokuphumula ngaphandle kokuvuna.
I-Kishmish "Lekhulu leminyaka" ayikho esikhathini eside esidlule yabonakala ensimini ye-CIS, kodwa incazelo yalezi zihlukahlukene nazo zonke izici zayo zisenza siqonde ukuthi akusizi ngalutho ukuthi wathandana nabalimi.
Izinhlobonhlobo azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngokwayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kunomusa omuhle kakhulu futhi ngokunakekelwa okulungile ngokuqinisekile kuzojabulisa abanikazi abanezinqola ezinzima.
