URuscus ungowokuzalwa okuhlala njalo ovela emndenini we-Asparagus. Kuvamile eCaucasus, eMedithera naseNingizimu yeCrimea. Ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ngokwengeziwe, i-ruscus ikhula njengesitshalo sasendlini. Iheha ngamahlamvu aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza nokusakazwa kwamajikijolo abomvu. Phakathi kwabatshali bezimbali baziwa kangcono ngaphansi kwamagama athi "inaliti" noma "ukujika kwegundane". Ingasetshenziswa ukuhlobisa igumbi, ukwenza izingcezu zezimbali nangenxa yezokwelapha.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Ruscus isihlahla esihlala sikhula njalo esinokuphakama okuwedlula amasentimitha angama-30-60. Sondliwa yisilozane esinwabuzelayo esingenamkhawulo. Amahlumela akha amagatsha amaningi avela khona kanye. Zimbozwe ngokhuni oluhlaza okotshani oluhlaza okotshani olunama-longitudinal grooves.
Amaqabunga amnyama ama-ovoid empeleni angamahlumela ancishisiwe. AmaBotanists azibiza ngama "phyllocladies." I-Foliage cishe ayinayo i-petioles. Itholakala ngeziqu futhi. Ekupheleni kweqabunga ngalinye kunomgogodla obukhali.
Izimbali zikhula ngokuqondile ipuleti leqabunga. Banama-pedicel amafushane. I-corolla emhlophe noma ye-lilac enobubanzi obungeqi ku-1 cm ayihlukile ebuhleni obukhethekile. Izimbali zenzeka ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziqhakaza ebusika.
I-Ruscus isitshalo esijwayelekile, ngakho-ke, ngokubukeka kwezithelo zokuhlobisa, kuyadingeka ukuba ube nembali yowesilisa nowesifazane eduze. Njengomphumela wokuvota ophumelelayo, izithelo ezibunjiwe zombala obomvu okhanyayo ziyahlanganiswa. Isithelo ngasinye esinamanzi siqukethe imbewu engu-1-2. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela, ngoba amajikijolo anobuthi futhi awakufanele ukusetshenziswa.
Izinhlobo zeRuscus
Namuhla, izinhlobo eziyi-8 ezibhalisiwe kuhlobo lweRuscus. Cabanga nge-4 yazo.
I-Iglitsa colchis (ruscus colchis). Isihlahlana esidonsa amanzi siqukethe amahlumela agobekayo afinyelela ku-55 cm. Ama-phyllocladies eLeathery apendwe luhlaza obumnyama. Imbali encane ifihla ingxenye yayo ngaphansi kwe-lanceolate bract. Izimbali ezinde zenzeka ngo-Okthoba-Januwari. Ngemuva kokuvota, amajikijolo anezinhlamvu ezimbili avuthwa ngesilinganiso esingu-8-10 mm. Izithelo zalolu hlobo zingadliwa.
Inaliti yePontic (prickly). I-Shrub 60-100 cm ukuphakama iqukethe amahlumela amade amile. Zimbozwe ngamahlamvu e-lanceolate aluhlaza okotshani anameva emaphethelweni. Kwi-phyllocladium, amapheshana amancane noma ulwelwesi ayabonakala. Izimbali ezincane ezizodwa zitholakala kwi-peduncle eminyene. Ziqhakaza ngoFebhuwari nango-Ephreli. NgoNovemba-Disemba, amajikijolo ayizinhlamvu ezimbili avuthiwe.
I-Russian Ruscus (inaliti yeqabunga). Lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa amahlumela amade, aqondile anamaqabunga e-emerald lanceolate. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungamasentimitha angama-40-50. Izimbali ezincane zeMiniature eziqhakaza ekugcineni kobusika. Amacembe awo apendwe ngombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma omhlophe.
I-Ruskus hyrcanic. I-shrub yakha iqonde futhi inwabuzelayo ihluma ukuphakama okungama-25-40 cm. Kumboza ngokuphelele inhlabathi ngokhaphethi oluhlaza okotshani obumnyama. Ubude be-phyllocladium bungama-1.5-3 cm. Ithambo eliphakathi lihlukaniswa ngombala olula nokukhululeka.
Ukuzala
Ukusabalalisa i-ruscus, kuyadingeka ukutshala imbewu noma ukuhlukanisa isihlahla esidlule. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwembewu kwenziwa ngoFebhuwari ezitsheni ezinengxube ye-sand-peat noma ezibhebheni ze-peat. Amahlumela avela ngokungalingani futhi kancane kancane. Imbewu yomuntu ngamunye ingahluma kuze kube unyaka. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokuhluma, kudingeka imbandela ebandayo. Izitshalo phakathi nesonto ziqukethe okushisa okungu-0 ... + 10 ° C, ungamboza isitsha ngesigaxa seqhwa. Ngemuva kwalokhu, amabhodwe anezinhlamvu alethwa egumbini elikhanyayo nelifudumele (+ 20 ° C). Lapho ukuphakama kwezithombo kufinyelela ku-7-8 cm, zidonswa ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Entwasahlobo, lapho udlulisa izinto, ungahlukanisa isihlahla esikhulu ngezingxenye eziningana. Kokwahlukaniswa ngakunye kufanele kube nesigaba se-rhizome kanye namahlumela amaningana. Ukubamba imbala kulula ngokwanele. Emavikini ambalwa, kuzovela amahlumela okusha kwisithombo.
Izici Zokunakekela
Igumbi iRuscus ayilandelani, kulula ukuyinakekela. Ngisho nomtshali wokuqalisa angakwazi ukuthola lesi sitshalo esihle. Ivumelanisa cishe nanoma yiziphi izimo ezingezinhle. Kepha ukuqhakaza nezithelo, kanye namahlumela aqhakaza angatholakala ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Isibani Inaliti idinga ukukhanya kosuku olude nokukhanya okonakele. Kufanele ibekwe ibanga elithile ukusuka ewindini. Ehlobo, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungashisa amaqabunga. Ebusika, ungahlela kabusha isitshalo efasiteleni eliseningizimu noma usebenzise isibani sangemuva.
Ukushisa I-Russian isitshalwa ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ehlobo, isihlahla sinconywa ukuthatha umoya omusha. Ebusika, ukupholisa kuvunyelwe ukufika ku- + 13 ... + 15 ° C. Noma kunjalo, asikho isidingo sokunikeza ngokuqondile ukwehla okunjalo kwezinga lokushisa.
Umswakama. Isitshalo sivumelana nomswakama ongaphakathi komoya, sidinga ukufafazwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ezinyangeni ezifudumele, kuyadingeka futhi ukugeza izihlahla ngaphansi kweseshini elifudumele.
Ukunisela. Inalithi liniselwa kancane. Inhlabathi phakathi kokunisela kufanele yome ngo-3-4 cm. Ngenkathi kwakhiwa i-phylloclad entsha, ukunisela kufanele kwandiswe.
Umanyolo. Ngo-Ephreli-Okthoba, iRuskus idliwa njalo ngenyanga ngomanyolo wezimbiwa. Isixazululo sisetshenziswa enhlabathini. Ebusika, ukugqoka okuphezulu akwenziwa.
Ukufakelwa Ukufakwa kweRuscus kwenziwa entwasahlobo njengoba kudingeka. Uma uthatha imbiza ebanzi kakhulu, izinqubo ezilandelanayo zizovela ngokushesha. Lapho ufakelwa, isigaxa esidala sobumba siyahlanzwa futhi sinqume izimpande ezomile. Ukukhetha isitsha esijulile akudingekile. Ungqimba lwamanzi luthululelwa ezansi kwembiza. Umhlabathi we-ruskus kufanele ube lula futhi uvunde. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwayo sebenzisa i-turf nenhlabathi enamaqabunga, kanye nesihlabathi.
Lesi sifo. I-Russian ayitholakali ekutshalweni kwezifo. Izimpande zayo zinezakhiwo ezingama-bactericidal. Bangakwazi ukumelana nokutheleleka okuthile okuyisikhunta nangamagciwane.
Izinambuzane. Esikhathini esiningi, i-ruskus ithintwa yisibungu sesicabucabu, izinambuzane ezikala, ukujikijela kanye nezimbungulu ze-mealy. Ukususa ngokushesha izinambuzane, sebenzisa ama-insecticides afanele.
Sebenzisa
I-Russian isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amakamelo. Amahlamvu ayo aqhakazile namajikijolo abomvu alungile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Izihlahla zilungele amakamelo wokudonswa komhlaba, amafulethi abandayo nezindawo zomphakathi. Amabhasi ambozwe amajikijolo kungenziwa yethulwe esikhundleni sezimbali. Iziqu ezisikiwe zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukwenza ama-bouquets.
Izimpande zeRuscus namajikijolo anezinto zokwelapha. Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezomile ziyabhulwa futhi zithathwe ngomlomo ukulwa nezibonakaliso ze-hemorrhoidal, kuqinise amathambo futhi zilwe nokuqina kwegazi ezindaweni eziphezulu.
