I-ginseng yezokwelapha, isithombe sayo esinikezwe kulesi sihloko, isetshenziselwa i-toniki, isiza ukuvumelanisa nemvelo, amakhemikhali, kanye nezinhlobo zokucindezeleka eziphilayo. Ukulungiswa kwalesi sitshalo kwenza kube lula ukuphumula ngokushesha emva kokusebenza okusebenzayo, kwandise impilo nobusha. E-China naseKorea, impande yalesi sitshalo isetshenziselwa ukudla.
Incazelo yamasiko
I-Ginseng iyisitshalo esingapheli ezinhlobo ezingu-11. Izinhlobo eziningi zalesi sitshalo zikhula emvelweni e-East Asia, kanti ezinye zitholakala eNyakatho Melika. I-Tibet iyona ecebile kakhulu ku-ginseng, ngakho-ke kwakukhona ukuthi izindawo eziphulukisayo zokuphulukisa zalesi sitshalo zaqaphela.
Izitshalo eziningi zokwelapha zingakhula endaweni yabo, isibonelo: i-lofant, i-gravilat, i-cornflowers, i-levzeyu, i-skumpyuy, i-catnip, i-sea buckthorn, i-goji berries, i-echinacea, i-basilis, i-zizifus, yokugeza.
AmaShayina asendulo abone emibhalweni yomsuka efana nendoda, ngakho-ke leli gama lazalwa, elihunyushwe ngesiShayina lisho "umuntu-impande".
Ukuvela kwesitshalo:
- engxenyeni yalo engaphezulu kukhona ukuhluma okukhulu okubusika, okuvela kuwo ngonyaka olandelayo ukuphunyuka kuze kufike ku-50 cm;
- kuyo yonke ubude bempande kukhona amafihlethi aphelile, avela kuwo amahlumela;
- iziqu ziqondile, zodwa zamasamba amade;
- izimbali ezimbi, ezincane ezine-corolla emhlophe;
- izithelo zalesi sitshalo idayisi elibomvu elibomvu, liqukethe imbewu eningana.
Lapho ukutshala khona i-ginseng
Ukwazi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani i-ginseng kahle engadini yakho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ungathola isivuno esihle salesi simpande esimangalisayo. Indawo yokufika kufanele ibe nomthambeko wokugeleza kwamanzi nokuvikelwa emimoyeni eqinile.
Kungcono uma ikhona ukuze izitshalo zithole ukukhanya kwelanga ekuseni nakusihlwa. I-Ginseng ithanda inhlabathi evundile, ilula ngokudonsa okuhle.
Ukukhethwa kokukhanyisa
I-Ginseng ithando lomthunzi, ngakho-ke ukudala ukukhanya okulungile kusayithi kungenye yezimo eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa okuphumelelayo kwesitshalo. I-25% yokushisa kwelanga kuthathwa njengokunene., futhi ungathola le shading usebenzisa izihlangu zokhuni.
Zenziwe ngemigwaqo kuze kufike ku-10 cm ubude, ibanga eliphakathi kuka-3 cm. Izihlangu zifakwe emanzini emkhakheni wamamitha amabili ubude ne-slope eningizimu. Njengoba uneminyaka yobudala, i-ginseng idinga ukukhanya okungaphezulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele ngokucophelela ukuthi lesi sitshalo asikwazanga ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya.
Uyazi? Umlando walesi sipho esimangalisayo semvelo uneminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingu-5. Bhekisela ku-ginseng etholakala emibhalweni kaConfucius.
Izihlahla zebhilidi zingaba shading yemvelo, njengasendle, kodwa udinga kuphela ukulawula umswakama wenhlabathi.
Izidingo zomhlaba
Ekuqapheleni indlela yokukhulisa i-ginseng ezweni, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sitshalo kubalulekile ukukhetha nokulungisa kahle inhlabathi. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kufanele kube eduze kwemvelo, ngakho-ke ama-asidi kufanele abe nenkomba yokungathathi hlangothi. Izidingo eziyinhloko zomhlabathi: isitoko sezinto eziphilayo, ukuphefumula, umswakama nokuphefumula. Abalimi balungiselela inhlabathi yokukhula:
- Baya ehlathini elixubekile uhlaka oluphezulu lwenhlabathi kanye nombhede ovela emhlabathini owile, ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinqabile futhi ngaphansi kwe-coniferous.
- Thela le ngxube ibe ngumgodi womquba, engeza amaqabunga awile, ama-sawdust, amaqanda amaqanda, i-mullein ebolile kahle, isihlabathi somfula nomlotha.
- Phakathi nenkathi, le nhlanganisela isethwe njengomquba, iphendulela futhi ichithela ukuthola inqwaba ehambisanayo.
- Ngaphambi kokungena, inhlabathi imisiwe ngesihlungo ukuze isuse izibungu ezinambuzane futhi iphuze ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate esingu-0.3%.
Kubalulekile! I-Ginseng ichithe kakhulu inhlabathi, ngakho-ke ukutshala kabusha endaweni eyodwa kungenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi.
Izindlela nemithetho yokutshala izitshalo zokwelapha
Isikhathi esiphumelele kakhulu sokutshala lesi simila esimangalisayo siphakathi kwekwindla. Ukulungiselela i-ginseng yokutshala nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kuyinkqubo ende. Le nqubo ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: ukuhlwanyela imbewu ukuthola izithombo nokutshala endaweni yokuhlala.
Imbewu yokuhlwanyela:
- eseceleni kuka-15 cm, ama-grooves akwenziwa ngobubanzi buka-3 cm;
- imbewu ihlelwe emithanjeni enegebe lika-2 cm phakathi kwabo;
- ukufika kwe-mulch sawdust noma izinaliti zamapayipi.
Ukuze amahlumela avele ngonyaka wokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuba kwenziwe ukuhlunga imbewu ekhaya. Ngemuva kwalokhu kusebenza, izitshalo zizovela ezinyangeni ezine, kodwa izinga lokuhluma selivele li-70%.
Kudingeka ukwenziwa kwe-stratification uma ukhula nge-honeysuckle capricoleum, i-alstromeria, i-apricot, i-plum, i-chestnut, i-verbena, i-Chinese magnolia emvinini, i-lavender, i-Rhodiola rosea, i-quince.
Ukutshala izithombo:
- ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyinto efiselekayo ukusekela amahlumela amaminithi angu-7 ngesisombululo sesigamu se-potassium permanganate;
- ke ugeze ngamanzi ahlanzekile nomhlaba phansi;
- ukubuka isikhathi esingaba ngu-30 cm, izithombo zitshalwe ngaphansi kokuthambekela, cishe cishe, zijule ukuhluma kwe-apical ngo-5 cm.
Kubalulekile! Izinto eziwusizo kakhulu esitshalweni ziqoqa ngeminyaka engu-6, khona-ke ukuqoqwa kwehla kuyashesha. Izimpande zalesikhathi zenani elikhulu kakhulu kwezokwelapha.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa
Ukubuza ukuthi ungakhula kanjani i-ginseng enhle nephilile ekhaya, kufanele futhi ulandele imithetho yokunakekela lesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele ngempela. Le mithetho ilula kakhulu:
- umswakama womoya awudluli u-80%, futhi umswakama wenhlabathi 70%;
- Ukuphuza kuyenziwa njengoba kudingekile nge-0.5% ye-potassium permanganate;
- ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwesitshalo, i-weeding yenziwe kuphela ngesandla ngokubambisana okuphoqelekile;
- Ngo-Agasti, lapho izithelo zivuthwa, zidinga ilanga nsuku zonke ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Ukunisela nokunakekelwa kwenhlabathi
Ukunisela akufanele kwenziwe okungaphezu kabili ngesonto. Isilinganiso samanzi sincike ngesimo sezulu nesimo sezulu, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwamalitha ayisishiyagalolunye kwesikwele ngasinye.
Umanyolo
Ekwindla, emva kokuvuna, imibhede ihlanganiswe no-2 cm we-biohumus. Igcina amafihlethi kanye nezimpande ngenxa yokulimala okubandayo futhi isebenza njengengxenye yokudla okunomsoco. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, umuthi wokhuni wanezelwa, wanezela 200 g yalomanyolo nges square square.
Uyazi? Uma, lapho ukhulula inhlabathi, umonakalisa isiqu, ama-hibernates asempande iminyaka eminingi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ukukhula kuqhubeka.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-ginseng
Isimpande esimangalisayo, esikhula endle, asikho ngaphansi kwezifo, njengoba sikhula ngamaqembu amancane. Ukuze uhlakulele ngempumelelo imibhede ye-ginseng ekhaya Indima ebalulekile ekulwa nezilokazane nezifo inikezwa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo:
- umhlabathi ophezulu futhi ohlotshisiwe kahle;
- ukutshala okunempilo nokwelashwa kwembewu;
- ukuchithwa kwemigwaqo efanele kanye nokukhishwa ngamanzi amaningi;
- okuqukethwe kokuhamba ngendlela ehlanzekile neyodwa;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwezitshalo zemifino.
Esinye sezifo eziyingozi kunazo zonke yi-fusarium, okubangela ukulimaza kwezithombo. I-agent ye-causative ihlala ejulile enhlabathini; kunzima kakhulu ukulwa nalesi sifo. Imibhede ye-Ginseng kufanele ibekwe kude nezindawo lapho i-gladioli, ukhukhamba nezinye izitshalo zikhula. Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukuba uphefule kanye ngenyanga ngesisombululo sesigamu sephesenti ye-potassium permanganate ngelitha ngalinye ngezikwele ezimbili zendawo.
Izitshalo ezivuthiwe ziphethwe ngokubola okomile, zibukeka kahle, futhi impande iba umbala ongcolile. Ukuvimbela kubandakanya ukucubungula isisombululo sezimbili zamaphesenti we-lime hydrated ngesilinganiso setayela ngezingxenye ezingamashumi amabili zendawo.
Izinambuzane ezinobungozi yi-wireworms nama-caps. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokubhekana nazo - ukuqoqwa nokubhujiswa.
Izindawo ezimbalwa ezizuzisayo
Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinto ezizuzisayo zaleso sitshalo cishe kuyisiqhwagazo kuzo zonke izifo. Izakhiwo zomsuka:
- iqinisa umzimba, i-immunomoduliruyuschim;
- Inomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinzwa, kusiza ngokucindezeleka futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthintela ukunganaki;
- iqinisa inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, ilawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi;
- ekwazi ukumisa ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, lokhu kufakazelwa ucwaningo lwezokwelapha;
- lezimpande eziyisimangaliso ziwusizo kubantu, ubuyisela amandla emadodeni, futhi kubesifazane abasebenza njengendlela yokubuyisela isizinda semvelo;
- Inomphumela omuhle ememori, umsebenzi wobuchopho futhi ubuyisela kahle igazi;
- Ama-Ginseng amalungiselelo asetshenziselwa ukukhipha isikhumba nezinwele.
Uyazi? Impande ihlala isikhathi eside. Ngo-1905, ikhophi yatholakala ukuthi yaphula wonke amarekhodi. Uneminyaka yakhe engama-200 ubudala futhi walinganisa u-600 g, futhi wathengiswa u-$ 5000.Ukwazi zonke izinzuzo zalesi sitshalo esimangalisayo, ungazama ukukhulela egcekeni lakho, okuzoletha inzuzo kuphela.
