Utshani lwe-Maralov, impande yama-maral, utshani base-Altai - leli yigama likaLevzeyu e-Altai.
Abantu abanolwazi babiza itiye kule mithi yokwelapha i-elixir yokukhathala.
Kulesi sihloko, sijwayele i-levzeya, imithetho yokutshala nokuyinakekela, incazelo nesithombe sohlaza.
I-Leuzea safflower: incazelo
Endalweni yemvelo, lesi sitshalo singatholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ze-Altai, Sayan, Dzhungarsky naseVznetsky Alatau, e-Asia Ephakathi, eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga Siberia.
Impande ye-Maral kuncazelo ye-botanical - yisikhathi esiphezulu esingamamitha angaphezu kwesigamu nesigamu, nesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukisiwe ezihlanganisa i-rhizome ephakathi nendawo kanye nezimpande eziningi ezizungezile.
Utshani buqondile, obukhulu futhi obungenalutho ngaphakathi nge-stem pubescent. Amagqabi awawenawo ama-fleecy, ahlukaniswe, ahlangene, enqenqemeni elinyene lombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Flower Leuzea i-pink noma ibubende enezinhlamvu eziningi ze-tubular.
Ihlumela likhona ebhasikisini elikhulu ngesimo se-cone ne-scaly wrapper.
Uyazi? ULevzeya ungumgcini wezokwelapha wendabuko yase-Altai, lapho ukhula khona ngobuningi, usetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Abantu bendabuko bendawo baqaphela ukuthi izimpande zotshani zidla njalo zidla inyamazane, futhi zaqala ukuyisebenzisa ukuze zivuselele. Ulwazi lokuqala olusemthethweni mayelana nemithi yokwelapha yesitshalo lwaqoqwa yi-botanist waseRussia uGrigori Nikolaevich Potanin ngo-1879.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela kanye nesikhathi sokufika uLevzei
Izwe ngaphansi kweLeuzeu, noma impande ye-maral, kuyinto efiselekayo yokukhetha i-sublime, engcono ngakwesokunene. Ukuhamba kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kufanele kube okungenani amamitha amabili ukusuka phezulu, umhlaba ulula, udonswe, ucebile kuma humus.
Kungcono nini ukutshala i-levzeyu (ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kanye nokwindla)
Esikhathini sezintaba, lapho umlimi waseLeuzea ekhula khona, imbewu yakhe, ukuvuthwa ekwindla, iyawela emhlabathini, kodwa ungahlwanyeli, ukuze ungafi esikhathini seqhwa, kodwa ulinde entwasahlobo. Ngakho-ke, e-cottage ehlobo bahlwanyela isitshalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ungahlwanyela izimbali ezifana ne-viola, ama-daisies, i-iberis, i-rudbeckia, i-marigolds, i-asters, ne-delphiniums.
Indlela yokulungisa umhlabathi wokutshala izimpande zamarali
Umhlabathi wezimpande zamarali ngaphambi kokutshala uphathwa ngokulima okujulile, kuhlanzwa ukhula kanye nezinsalela zemifino yonyaka odlule. Ukwandisa isivuno, kunconywa ukuthi ulethe ingxube ye-dung-peat enhlabathini ngesilinganiso sama-10 amalitha ngamitha yendawo ngayinye.
Ukulungiselela imbewu yokutshala
I-Levzey iyimbali engahlonipheki, kodwa ukuze impumelelo yembewu yayo ifanele ibe nenqubo yokuqamba. Ukwenza lokhu, kugcinwa amahora angu-48 kusixazululo esinamafutha ne-gibberellin (isidakamizwa sitholakala emakethe ezitolo ezitolo), bese kufakwa emabhokisini ngehlabathi elimanzi endaweni ebandayo inyanga noma ezimbili.
Imithetho yokutshala iLeuzea
I-Levzey enezinga elifanele ngeke lidingeke ukunakekelwa. Izandulela phambili zendabuko ensimini ziyoba izithelo. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, isayithi siphinde sihlanzwe, uma kunesidingo, umhlaba ugobile u-5-7 cm ngokujula futhi wenziwe nge-rake.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngemifula, ku-2 cm ejulile, noma nge-square-nested method ngokuvumelana ne-scheme 45x45. Ukuze ukwandise isivuno kanye nokuba khona kwe-weeding esezingeni eliphezulu, shiya phakathi kwemigqa kuze kufike kuhhafu yemitha. Emva kokutshala, ubuso bomhlabathi buhambelanisiwe futhi bunamathele, i-mulch izokuvumela ukugcina umswakama okudingekayo ukuhluma isikhathi eside futhi uvikele umhlabathi ekumeni kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-crust.
Indlela yokunakekela ukulimala: ukutshalwa kwezolimo
Lapho ukhula kusuka enzalweni, uLeuzey uyingozi kakhulu ngonyaka wokuqala wokuthuthukiswa: ubukhulu obuhlaza bukhula kancane futhi buhlushwa ukhula. 
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Yonke imibhede yonyaka ekhulayo yokhula, inhlabathi ikhululiwe futhi ihlanzwa ukhula. Imibhede kumele ibe nomzimba omncane: isakhiwo samamitha ayizikwele ngokuvamile sikhula izitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-10, okubuthakathaka kususwa.
Kubalulekile! Amahlumela abasha adinga i-hydration evamile. Uma kungekho isikhala isikhathi eside, khona-ke, ngaphezu kokunisela, ukupuniza kungenziwa.
Ngokuvamile, iLeuzea ayinasisekelo lapho ikhula futhi inakekela, ihamba eduze nezitshalo engadini nasensimini. Izimo eziyinhloko zokuvunwa okuhle: ukukhanyisa, umswakama, inhlabathi ehlanzekile, okungcono kakhulu, ukuvikela izimpande ekupheleleni.
Izitshalo zokudla
Amasiko asabela kahle kumanyolo wezinto eziphilayo nezamaminerali. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kungcono ukusebenzisa okungokwemvelo, futhi esikhathini esizayo ungase uhambisane nezinsimbi zamaminerali.
Ukondla kwenziwa kaningi: entwasahlobo nasencwadini ka-Agasti ukuze uthole ukudla okunomsoco okungcono. Esikhathini esiyinkimbinkimbi yamaminerali, lezi zilinganiso ezilandelayo zibhekwa: 10 g we-nitrogen ne-potashi kanye nama-20 g we-phosphate fertilizer ngamamitha ayi-square. Ukusuka eziphilayo, okungcono umquba noma 10 l ngomquba wesikwele. m
Uyazi? Abahlengikazi baseMongobi bathi lesi sitshalo siyizimpande eziqinile, sisisebenzisa ukuphatha uhlelo lokuzala kanye nokuphelelwa ubulili. Utshani eChina naseTibet buye kwaziwa iminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezinhlanu, kusukela lapho okwenziwa khona ngabaphulukisi baseYurophu emigwaqweni yokuhweba.
I-Levzeya umhlanzi (impande yama-maral): ukuvuna nokugcina isivuno
I-Levzeya ikhulile njengesitshalo somuthi ngenxa yezimpande zawo; yiyona esebenza njengamalungiselelo okulungiselela amakhemikhali kanye nemikhiqizo yokwelashwa emithi yokwelapha.
Lesi sitshalo sisuswa uma sifinyelela eminyakeni emithathu ubudala, ngo-Agasti, zisusa amabhasikidi ezinhlamvu zokuvuna izinto zokutshala. Ukuvuthwa kwembewu kunqunywa ngemibuthano emibili noma emithathu yangaphandle: bafinyelela umbala obomvu uma bevuthiwe.
Kubalulekile! Imbewu ifana nezitshalo zokudla izinyoni ukuyivikela, iziqabunga zembewu ziboshwe nge-gauze emva kokuvuthwa.Amabhokisi ayomile, phuma imbewu bese efakwa ezikhwameni zezicubu zokugcina. Gcina impahla yokutshala endaweni epholile epholile kuze kube sehlobo.
Ama-Rhizomes we-Leuzea ama-safflower noma ama-asle izimpande zivuna ekwindla sekwephuzile, nje ngaphambi kweqhwa.
Ukucubungula ngokucophelela izinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlanziwe zihlanzwa emhlabeni onamathele, eziqongweni ezikhishiwe, ezihlanziwe futhi zomisiwe. Kunconywa ukuba ugeze izimpande ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze izakhi zingagcini futhi ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ayinciphisi. Ukumila kubandakanya ukuma emthunzini emini bese usomisa ekushiseni okungenakufika kuka-50 ° C. Izinto eziqediwe eziqediwe zigcinwe emabhokisini enkuni kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu.
Thola mayelana nezakhiwo ezizuzisayo zomsuka we-maral.
Isiko esicabangela ukungaqondakali, kufana nokhula, siyaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo ze-tonic nezokubuyisela. Isitshalo esizimele siyisisombululo esihle kakhulu sokulala, ukuhlukumeza kwengqondo nangokwenyama nokukhulelwa kwengculazi.
