I-cactus yendlu esimelele ngayo isitshalo esinama-prickles of shape shape and color green. Kodwa phakathi kweqembu lezimbali ezifanayo, ososayensi baye baqaphela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeTropike ezihluke kakhulu emazingeni aqinile ezinhliziyweni zethu.
Incazelo kanye nezici flower flower Decembrist
I-Dekabrist noma i-zigokaktus (i-Latin name - Schlumbergera) yezitshalo ze-botanist ziyi-genus ye-epiphytic cacti. Izwe - amahlathi ashisayo aseBrazil. Emagatsheni esihlahla esiyingqayizivele kukhona izimbali ezinhle kakhulu.
Uyazi? Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi salethwa ezwenikazi laseYurophu ngomqoqi wezitshalo ezishisayo A. Kanninger cishe eminyakeni engaba ngu-200 edlule. Ngo-1858, uC. Lemaire wabizwa negama lesitshalo iSchmerberger.Amahlumela asohlwini ohlobo lwe-articulate alutholakali emuneni wameva we-cacti. Zinezinhlamvu eziningana emaphethelweni egatsha. Okuvamile kakhulu i-shade yezimbali ngokulenga okuqukethe:
- obomvu;
- i-orange;
- i-pink;
- elibomvu;
- elibomvu;
- mhlophe
Izimbali zomuthi kaKhisimusi ziqala ngoDisemba, ngokoqobo ngaphambi komjikelezo weNyaka Omusha namaholide kaKhisimusi. Kulokhu, ibhodlela selijwayele igama lethu. Amapetali afinyelela ku-4 kuya ku-8 cm ubude. I-buds ivuleka ngokunciphisa kancane, ngakho-ke phakathi nobusika isitshalo sijabulisa iso ngezimbali ezikhanyayo efasiteleni.
Umndeni wakwaCactus uhlanganisa: i-peck priyly, i-epiphyllum, hatiora.
I-genus ye zigokaktus inezinhlobo ezintathu kuphela zezitshalo nezitshalo eziningi, ama-hybrid. Kukhona imbali efana kakhulu nebhodi likaKhisimusi. Ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Easter cactus". Ngaphandle, emehlweni abo kunzima ukuhlukanisa ngaphandle kolwazi oluningi lwe-floriculture.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zembali endaweni yethu "Umbala we-Varvarin" ne-trunkata. Izinhlobo zokuqala zikaSchlumbergara zikhula endle emahlathini enomanzi enyakatho yeBrazil. Izimbali zalo zifinyelela ubude obuyi-8 cm. I-Budget inezinqwaba zamagceke omumo olinganiselwe ohlangothini ohlangene.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwe-zygocactus lunomqhele oqondile noma osabalalayo onenombolo encane yezingxenye. Amaphethelo abo anokukhomba okuthile. Izimbali ziyamangaza ngebuhle bemidwebo yombala ohlangene.
Yimiphi imibandela yokudala endlini
I-Schlumbergera ingenye yezimbali ezimbalwa zasekhaya ezingahle zifake izimbali phakathi nobusika obusika. I-Flower Decembrist idinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela ekhaya. Ukwakhiwa kwama-inflorescences kuqala ezinsukwini zikaDisemba, okuhlala kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili. Kodwa ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukudala izimo ezikhethekile zokunakekelwa kwe-cactus yeKhisimusi.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Lesi sitshalo siqala ngokujwayelekile emafasitela ewindi ebhekene nenyakatho-ntshonalanga noma ngasentshonalanga. Khetha indawo ekhanyayo ngaphandle kwemisebe eqondile yelanga ilanga, enezinga elikhanyayo phakathi kuka-70-85%.
Kubalulekile! Ungabeka i-zigokaktus ebhodweni nasefasiteleni eliseningizimu, uma kunesithunzi esanele esivela emisebeni eqondile yelanga. Imisebe eqondile ye-UV ingabangela ukushisa emaqabunga.
Ukushisa
I-Brazilian i-cactus ekhulayo ibekezelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi lendawo + 2 ... + 39 ° С. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwehlobo ku-18 ... + 20 ° С, futhi ebusika - + 13 ... + 15 ° С. Into eyinhloko ukugcina izinga elaneleyo lomswakama - isitoreji phezulu ekuphambeni umqhele ngamanzi athambile, atshisayo.
Indlela yokunakekela ekhaya
I-Decembrist ingokwezimbali zezimpongo zangaphakathi. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwamanzi ashisayo ehlobo evunwa. I-Zigokaktus ihlanjululwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesikhathi esishisayo, idliwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga.
Ehlobo, ibhodlela elinembali kaKhisimusi lenziwa ebhaleni noma ematheni avulekile. Ungafakwa egcekeni ngaphansi komqhele omkhulu womuthi, kodwa qinisekisa ukuthi akuthinti ama-slugs kanye nemiski.
Ekufikeni kukaSeptemba, ukuchelela kancane kancane kuncishisiwe futhi imbali idluliselwa ekamelweni elipholile noma kuvalonti evaliwe (isibalo esihle kakhulu silinganiselwa ku-15 ° C). Ngokufika kwesimo sezulu esibanda, ama-inflorescences azalwa esitshalweni. Njengoba zikhula kancane kancane, zandisa ukushisa nokuphuza umoya. Ukuhlala isikhathi eside ebhodweni elipholile kuzokwandisa isikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Funda futhi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezinye izitshalo: Kalanchoe Kalandiva, clerodendrum, tsiperus, havortiya, kampanuloy, plumeria.
Imithetho yokunisela
Umthetho oyinhloko wenqubo ujwayelekile. Inhlabathi eyomile kakhulu inomphumela omubi esimweni sesitshalo. Kodwa uthele ibhodlela phezu kwebhodlela akufanelekile. Lokhu kungaholela esibhedlela se-Decembrist futhi kuyodinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Isibonakaliso sokunisela kuyomiswa okucacile kobuso bomhlabathi.
Okulungile Isikhathi sokunisela isikhathi sonyaka:
- Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuNovemba - isiteji "sokuphumula" endaweni epholile ngokuchelela okukodwa ngesonto. Ngomnyaka weshumi wesibili wenyanga edlule ekwindla, lesi sitshalo sinisela njalo nsuku zonke futhi inqubo yokupuniza isethulwa.
- Kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuDisemba - i-budding. Kumele kube khona njalo futhi kunisela njalo uma ukumelela komhlabathi ebhodweni kulandelwa.
- Kusukela ngoDisemba kuya kuFebruwari - qaphela ukuchelela okujwayelekile ngamanzi futhi ungadlulisi embizeni kwenye indawo.
- Kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Agasti - isikhathi sokugcoba okufanako namanzi athambileko.
Abambalwa bendlukazi baqaphele ukuthi bangayidla kanjani nokuthi bangayiphuzisa kanjani iDemembrist. Gwema ukusebenzisa amanzi asebenzayo kumathinathi. Encwadini yayo yokubhala inqwaba ye-chlorine noma i-lime sludge. Isiphuzo esihle kakhulu siqoqa amanzi emvula. I-analogue evumelekile - amanzi okupheka abilisiwe.
Umswakama womoya
Kubalulekile ukuba unakekele izinga elaneleyo lomswakama ekamelweni. Khumbula imvelaphi yaseNingizimu Melika ye-zygocactus. Leli qiniso likhuluma ngokwalo. Ama-Decembrists angaphandle afuna ukuchithwa okufika ngesikhathi amaqabunga ngamanzi afudumele, ukuze bangabi ne-lethargic.
Uyazi? I-cactus ye-branched ehlobisa iyakuthanda izinga elinyusayo lomswakama. Ngaphandle kokupuniza, ngaphansi kombindi wakhe ungafaka itreyi ngobumba obunwetshiwe obunwetshiwe.
Esikhathini esishisayo sasehlobo, ungenza inqubo izikhathi eziningana ngesonto, futhi ebusika - izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngenyanga ngayinye. Ukuze uphefaza usebenzise i-spray noma i-caning yokunisela ngamanzi. Amanzi okwenza lokhu kufanele abe sebushushu bokushisa.
Umanyolo
Ngendlela yokudla ama-fertilizer e-Decembrist cactus afaneleka izimbali. Zingathengwa kunoma iyiphi i-flower shop. Isikhathi esilindelekile senqubo yilawo masonto amabili phakathi nenkathi yokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwesiqu (kusukela ngo-Mashi kuya ku-Agasti).
Izingxube ezine-nitrogen, potassium ne-phosphorus inclusions zihlanjululwa ngamanzi. Imbali yangaphakathi yondla ekubunjweni kwefihlekile.
Ukudubula i-Decembrist
I-Zigokaktus inconywa ukwenza "ukunqunywa izinwele" ekwakheni umqhele omuhle futhi okhangayo wezimbali esikhathini esizayo. "Ukuhlukunyezwa" i-Decembrist ingathuthukiswa ngokunciphisa. Le nqubo igxilile izixhumanisi ezengeziwe futhi izihlahla ezindala nezomisiwe. Izingxenye ezisusiwe zebhodini zingasetshenziswa ukusika isikhala sikaKhisimusi.
Indlela yokunakekela emva kokuchichima
Imbali etholakalayo ngokuvamile ivuselela ifihlekile yayo. Lokhu kulandela inqubo evamile yokujwayela izimo ezintsha zokuboshwa.
Esikhathini "sokuphumula" i-Decembrist ifakwa kwi-sill iwindi nge-penumbra elula, hhayi kude nefasitela ngemuva kwekhawu elibala. Izitshalo emva kokuchichima zingakhula emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku-+2 kuya ku-37 ° C, kodwa izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokukhula liba ngu-18-25 ° C.
Uyazi? Ngokusho kwemiphumela yakamuva yocwaningo ngabasosayensi baseJalimane, i-Decembrist inezinga elincane lokushukela. Ngakho-ke, i-asthmatics kufanele ithathe indawo yebhodlela nezinye izitshalo ukuhlobisa amafasitela endlu.
Indlela yokutshala kabusha
I-Schlumberberg encane isetshenziselwa yonke iminyaka emibili kuya kwemibili, izitshalo ezindala - ezinezinyanga ezine kuya kwemihlanu. Phakathi kukaMashi yisikhathi sekhalenda elihle lapho ungabuyisa khona imbali yeDemembrist.
I-rhizome yesitshalo ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi inamandla kakhulu, ngakho ungayitshala ebhodweni elikhulu elibanzi. Ukuze uthole izimbali eziningi ezengeziwe, i-Decembrist itshalwe emkhunjini omncane.
Umhlabathi we-zigokaktus ekhaya uyenzayo kusuka kulowo izingxenye:
- isihlabathi;
- i-peat;
- amasheya alinganayo omhlaba we-sheet kanye ne-turf.
Indlela yokwandisa ekhaya
I-flowerpot isakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziqinisekisiwe: ukusika nokuxhunyelelwa. Ngokwehlukile kokuqala kwenkambiso, ukusika ngezigaba kuzodingeka (kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingu-3-5). Izingxenye ezilungiselelwe ze-stem zengezwe ngezansi kwe-dropwise kumgudu oswakanyisiwe.
Kubalulekile! Ingilazi engaphezulu yeglasi noma indebe yepulasitiki ibeka phezu kokusika ukudala izimo zokushisa.. Ngezikhathi ezithile, "ukuvikeleka" kuphakanyiswa ukugwema ukubola ukusika.
Ukutshala ebhodweni elihlala njalo kumele ulinde ukwakheka kokuqina okwanele kwezimpande. Amaflorist asincoma ukuthi atshale amahlumela amancane ngezimbiza ezinkulu. Kubangela ukubukeka okungenangqondo. Kukhona futhi usongo ekuthuthukiseni ihlumela elingaguquguquki ngenxa yokweqile komswakama emhlabathini.
Indlela yesibili abatshali bembali abasebenzisa okuncane ngenxa yezimo eziningana. Uzodinga isitshalo sokuphindaphinda ngaphansi kwegama elithokozelayo u-Opuntia. Esikhathini sokusebenza, i-stem ihlanzwa kusukela kumqhele ophezulu futhi ukuphela okuphezulu kuhlukaniswe ngesigamu.
Ukuphindwa kabusha kweZigokaktus kufanele kube nezinhlaka ezimbili noma ezintathu. Bahlotshiswe ngommese futhi bahlelwe emgqeni we pear prickly. Bese ubeka izingxenye ezimbili ze-stem ehlukaniswe ngenaliti, lungisa nge-tape tape noma itheyipu. Isikhathi sokwamukelwa sizohlala izinsuku ezingu-14. Ukushisa okufunayo ekamelweni kungu-18 ... + 20 ° С. I-fixator isusiwe ngokushesha uma ukuhlanganiswa kuqala ukukhula. Kusukela phansi kuyadingeka ukukhipha amahlumela amasha namaqabunga amasha. Okunikezwa i-Decembrist ngo-Ephreli kuyothokozisa nge-flowering kakade ebusika bokuqala.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka ngokukhula
I-Decembrist ivame ukubhekana nezifo zemvelo (Fusarium, Phthium noma Phytophthora). Isibhunta sithinta intanyeni ye-rhizome. Phakathi kwezifo zebhaktheriya, ama-pathogens eqembu le-Erwinia anomphumela omubi esiteshini. Ngezinye izikhathi izidakamizwa azizinamandla, kufanele uthathe ingxenye ethintekile ye-cactus ye-branched. Izibungu nezinambuzane ze-mealybugs zicasula i-flowerpot okuningi.
Abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wangempela: kungani i-Decembrist eyomile eduze kwewindi? Ngezinye izikhathi kuvela ngenxa yomoya omile kakhulu ovela ebhethri evuthayo ebusika - udinga ukuqapha ukupomfa bese ukondla umhlaba ebhodweni.
Izinkinga ngezimbali ezihambisana nokukhanyisa okungalungile. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zasendlini, akufanele uvame ukushintsha indawo ye-cactus ye-branched yezimbali.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhambisa ibhodlela phakathi nenkathi yokuhluma kubhekene nokuwa kwepilisi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Umswakama okweqile wezimpande kungabangela ukuwa kweqabunga elikhulu. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa ama-cuttings ebhodweni uma i-rhizome ebolile embala ibonakala futhi iphunga elifanele likhona. Ibhodlela "lokukhukhula" lifa maduzane.
