Wonke umuntu ujwayele ukusebenzisa inhlabathi yezithombo, izitshalo zokuhlobisa kanye nezindlu. Kodwa namuhla abalimi kanye nabalingisi bavele bafumana okunye okufanelekayo emhlabathini - fiber kakhukhunathi. Inezinzuzo nezakhiwo eziyingqayizivele, okunikeza inzuzo ngaphezu kwamanye ama-biomaterials. I-substrate yococon yenziwa kuwo ngama briquettes, equkethe imicu echotshoziwe yalesi sitshalo.
Substrate kanye amaphilisi ezitshalo: incazelo nokubunjwa
I-substrate ye-coconut iqukethe u-70% we-coconut fiber, nama-chips angu-30% we-coconut. Inqubo yokulungiselela umkhiqizo owenziwe ngomumo ithatha cishe iminyaka eyodwa nengxenye. Okokuqala, i-rind ichotshoziwe, bese isiliswa, isomisiwe futhi icindezelwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi. 
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomkhiqizo ophelile: ngendlela yamathebhulethi, ama-briquettes, amacu.
- I-coconut igxile kwi-briquette ibukeka njengezitini futhi uma ifakwe emanzini amahora amaningana inikeza cishe amalitha angu-7-8 enhlabathi elungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa.
- Amathebulethi akhiwe ngamadayimitha ahlukene futhi afakwe emanzini ahlelwe kahle ukuze agweme ukuchitha umkhiqizo.
- I-substrate ikhiqizwa ngendlela yamasethi, okuthi, lapho igcwele amanzi, ukwandisa usayizi kuze kube ngu-12 cm.
Njengoba i-substrate ine-reaction ye-neutral, ingaxubaniswa nenhlabathi, engalimazi ubuhle bayo. Esinye sezici ezinhle zalesi mkhiqizo wukuthi ayishintshi. Iqukethe umoya omningi, ivumela izimpande ezincane zezitshalo ukuba zikhule ngokushesha. Izitshalo ezincane zikhula futhi zithuthukise kangcono ku-coconut substrate, kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho zithola amandla, kuyoba ngcono ukuyihlwanyela emhlabathini, lapho kukhona khona amaminerali abaluleke kakhulu okuthuthukiswa. 
Uyazi? Isakhiwo samaphilisi anesifo senhliziyo. Naboi-air-saturated, umswakama ubambe kahle, ungenzi uqweqwe phezu komzimba futhi, ngokungafani nama-peat substrates, ungagcini.
Ama-coconut fibers anithinta kanjani ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo
Umhlabathi weCoconut unomphumela omuhle ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo. Nansi yakhe Izinzuzo eziyinhloko:
- I-Coco-inhlabathi igcina i-acidity enhlabathini enhle kakhulu (pH 5.0-6.5), eyinzuzo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni kwanoma yiziphi izitshalo, ngisho nangenasisekelo kakhulu.
- Inikeza izimo ezinhle zokukhuphula izithombo zekhwalithi eziphezulu ngezimpande ezinempilo.
- Inikeza uketshezi kokufinyelela ngezakhi zomzimba ohlelweni lwempande, futhi kudala i-air exchange enhle kakhulu.
- I-substrate ilula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ngokungafani nama-peat substrates, ama-coconut awanamathele lapho ehlushwa ngokweqile futhi engenzi i-crust.
- Uma kudingekile ukutshala, kwanele ukumane ukufakelwa isitsha sesitsha ndawonye nesitsha ngaphandle kokukususa ku-substrate. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwempande ngeke lonakaliswe futhi isitshalo sizothola izimpande eziyi-100%.
Kubalulekile! Ukuqina komoya kakhukhunathi i-15% ephakeme kunomhlabathi, ngaleyo ndlela kudala ukulinganisela oksijini nomswakama, ngakho-ke izithombo zikhula ngokushesha.
Sebenzisa engadini, engadini nasemapulazini angaphakathi
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngenhla, i-substrate iyithuluzi elinezinto ezihlukahlukeneyo kokubili ukulima, ukulima, kanye nokuhluma kwezindlu zasendlini. Ake sihlole iqembu ngalinye ngokuningiliziwe. Indlela i-costrat substrate eziphatha ngayo izithombo ezikhulayo, ukuthi isetshenziselwa kanjani izitshalo zasendlini nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani izithombo engadini. 
Ngokuba izithombo in the abamba ukushisa
Kunezinketho eziningana kulabo abaphuphayo abamba ukushisa noma kakade abanakho.
1. I-Mini-greenhouses. Amathebulethi ase-kakhukhunathi asetshenziswe kakade ngendlela yokugcina izithombo zokugcina ezincane ezenziwe ngomumo. Ayenzelwe ngendlela yokuthi isitsha ngasinye sibe nomswakama omuhle kanye nombuso wokuphuza umoya. Izindlu zokugcina izithombo azithathi isikhala esikhulu futhi kulula kakhulu ukusebenza.
Ukuze uwasebenzise, kubalulekile ukugcwalisa ngamanzi ithreyi ehlanganiswe ephakheji, ulinde kuze kube amaphilisi avule, bese utshala ama-cuttings noma imbewu, bese uvala isembozo. Ngale ndlela kuhle ukupheka izithombo zemifino nezimbali. Ungasebenzisa le namba yezikhathi ezingenamkhawulo. 
2. Izindawo zokugcina izithombo. Uma une-greenhouse enkulu kakhulu, ukusebenzisa i-coconut fiber yezithombo kuzokusiza kakhulu umsebenzi wakho. I-substrate ingaxubaniswa nenhlabathi ngemiphumela engcono kakhulu. Le ndlela yokulima ivumela izitshalo ukuba zifakwe kumanyolo wamaminerali.
E-Holland ephakeme, i-bio-boom yaqala esikhathini eside. Wafika kithi. Ukutshalwa yilowo nalowo kokudla okuthandayo, okufana namakhukhamba, utamatisi, pepper, namaqabunga ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, sekuyisikhathi eside kuqhutshwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zomhlaba zomhlaba ezisetshenziselwa izithombo zokugcina izithombo, kwanele ukwengeza umhlabathi we-coco, futhi kuzothuthukisa ukuhleleka, ukufaneleka, umswakama amandla (ugcina umswakama, noma uma usomisiwe ngokugcwele). Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba ulondoloze amanzi futhi unciphise ukuchelela. Kuzo zokugcina izithombo, kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxube yekakhukhunathi ngomhlabathi, noma usebenzise amachashazi angama-coconut ne-50% cocochips.
Ama-Mats abhekwa kalula kuma-rack, afakwe ifilimu ekhethekile engqimba ezimbili ezivikela indawo ye-bio kusuka ekushiseni. Ivumela ukusebenzisa amatshini kokubili ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, nasemhlabathini ovulekile. 
Kubalulekile! Ingxube ye-cocotrop ne-cocochips ayidingi ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection uma isetshenziselwa okokuqala, futhi kuphela lapho kudingeka khona kufanele kube ne-disinfected. I-substrate ifanele iminyaka engu-3-5 futhi iyindlela yokonga.Uma uphilisa kahle i-substrate kakhukhunathi, ingasetshenziselwa izithombo kuphela, kodwa futhi ekukhuleni amakhowe ama-oyster. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukuhluma okwesikhashana kwezilimo eziyizigaxa nama-bulb (isibonelo, izitshalo nezitshalo zasendlini).
Sebenzisa ngokuphumelelayo i-substrate kakhukhunathi kuma-hydroponics. Ayigcini isistimu yokunikezwa kwezixazululo, ayitholi izinsimbi ezinzima ngokwayo, ine-aeration futhi igcina i-asidi yayo engekho hlangothi. 
Uyazi? I-substrate engasetshenzisiwe engasetshenzisiwe ayikwazi ukugcinwa ivaliwe esitsheni noma esikhwameni, ngaphandle kwalokho iyophendulela emuncu. Ukuze uqale ukuyoma (kuhle ukwenza ilanga eliqondile), bese uvele upake. Ukuyisebenzisa kabusha kuyanele ukuhambisa umhlabathi futhi.
Izitshalo zangaphandle
I-substrate nayo isetshenziselwa ukulima izitshalo zemifino emhlabathini ovulekile. Masikhulume ngama-chips akhonathi, izinzuzo zawo kanye nokulimaza engadini.
Ukutshala, yenza izihlahla emhlabathini, lapho zisakaza khona imbewu bese zifafaza yonke i-fibre fibre. Kusukela lokhu, imbewu ihluma ngokushesha, ifudumele kahle futhi ibe nomswakama okwanele. Futhi, i-crust ayibonakali ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, evumela ukuthi izithombo ziphefumule. I-substrate enjalo ingaba yinto enhle yokwengeza enhlabathini enamandla yobumba.
Ngenxa ye-coconut fiber, izithombo zihluma amasonto ambalwa ngokushesha kunokuba zitshalwe enhlabathini evamile. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthola izithombo eziningi ezinempilo futhi ezinamandla, ngakho-ke ukuvuna. Kukhona neze okungalimazi ku-cockut chips. Kodwa uma isetshenziselwa inhlabathi engcolisiwe, izosakazeka lesi sifo kuzo zonke izitshalo futhi ichithe isivuno. 
Kubalulekile! Ukusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi kwe-Coco kwenzeka emasimini nasemasimini. Kuyinto yomkhiqizo onobungane, kwanele nje ukulima insimu noma ukumba ingadi yemifino, kanti isisetshenziswa esasetshenziswa siyokukhonza kunokuba umanyolo.
Izitshalo zokuhlobisa
I-Coco-inhlabathi efanelekile nokutshala izitshalo zokuhlobisa (izihlahla nezimbali ezimilayo), kuhle kakhulu njengendlela yokupheka emhlabathini. Mhlawumbe ukusetshenziswa kwayo njenge-mulch. Kulezi zilwane azikho izinto ezilimazayo, kukuvumela ukuba ukhohlwe ngomzabalazo wokuhlanzeka kwenhlabathi nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo. I-substrate ye-coconut iyasebenza kakhulu, okufaka isandla ekolonisini nge-microflora ewusizo nokuvikelwa kwezitshalo zakho zokuhlobisa kusuka ezincane ze-pathogenic.
Izitshalo zasendlini
Izindwangu zezindlu zibuthakathaka kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ukuze bathole inhlabathi elula futhi ewusizo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni kwabo, kwanele ukumane uhlanganise le substrate ne-coco-primer. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlushwa kwalo kufanele kube yi-1/3 yomthamo omkhulu wenhlabathi.
Izitshalo zasendlini, ezinye izansi zibuye zisetshenziswe: peat, humus, perlite, vermiculite.
I-coconut fiber izosiza izitshalo zakho zasendlini ukuqinisa masinyane uhlelo lwempande uma imbali ihlwanyelwa. Uma imbali isencane, khona-ke izothola amandla futhi maduzane izokujabulela ngezimbali. I-substrate iyoba usizo ekukhuleni ama-orchid, i-gerberas, i-pelargonium yobukhosi, igcwalise izitshalo ngomswakama nomoya, futhi iwavikele emanzini ezincane nezifo ezilimazayo.Izinzuzo zento
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-coco-inhlabathi ziyabonakala:
- Lena umkhiqizo owenziwe ngu-100%.
- It ubamba futhi igcina umswakama, enikeza uketshezi izikhathi 8 ngaphezu mass yayo.
- Amaminerali ahlakazeka emanzini, agcinwe ngokuqinile ngaphakathi kwe-substrate futhi kancane kancane agqugquzele uhlelo lwempande, oluvumela ukuthi lungagcwalisi lesi sitshalo, ngakho-ke singalithinti. Futhi, ukuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi akuveli.
- Ngenxa yobuhle bayo, igcina i-oxygen.
- Awuyi-slyozhivatsya, igcina ivolumu yayo.
- Njengoba i-substrate yekakhukhunathi ihlala isomile phezulu, lokhu kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sofuba.
- Ukungabi nokhula nezifo.
- It has acidity hlangothi (pH 5.0-6.5), ekahle izitshalo eziningi.
- Iqukethe i-potassium ne-phosphorus, okudingekayo izithombo ezincane nezitshalo.
- Inhlabathi ye-Coco inesakhiwo esihle kakhulu sokushisa.
- Ezomnotho, ngoba idilika kancane kancane, ukuze isetshenziswe kuze kuphele iminyaka emihlanu.
- Kulula ukuphinda uphinde uphinde uvuselele kabusha.
