Abalimi abanolwazi nabalimi abaye bahlakulela ukhukhamba iminyaka eminingana ngokuqinisekile bayazibona ukhukhamba.
Igama laleli qembu lezinhlobonhlobo livele ngenxa yesici esiyinhloko salokhu ukhukhamba.
Futhi lesi sici yikhono lezitshalo zokwenza inothi elilodwa ngaphezu kweyodwa noma amabili ama-ovari ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Lapho bezalisa lezi zinhlobonhlobo nemifino, ababelethi bafaka umzamo omkhulu ukuze bathole izihlahla ngokumelene nemiphumela yezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-ikhukhamba.
Inombolo yama-ovari e-node ngokuqondile ixhomeke ezintweni eziningana, okungukuthi ngezimo ezikhulayo zezitshalo, isibalo selanga, indawo yokulima (ukushisa okushisa noma inhlabathi), kanye nesimo jikelele sezitshalo.
Into eyinhloko ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zaleli qembu ziyashesha ukuzuza phakathi kwabalimi.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukutadisha ngangokunokwenzeka izici zokuhlukahluka komuntu ngamunye noma hybrid.
Izinhlobonhlobo "I-Blizzard"
I-hydrid ye-parthenocarpic yakamuva yakamuva. Vula masinyane kakhulu, izithelo zingasuswa ezihlahleni emva kwezinsuku ezingu 37 - 38 emva kokuhluma kokuqala kwezithombo.
Izitshalo zibonakala zibuthakathaka, ubude obuphakathi, ubude behlangothini bukhula buthakathaka kakhulu, engxenyeni engezansi yamahlumela abonakala bengabonakali. Uhlobo lwezinsikazi zezimbali. Kufomu elilodwa lezithelo ezine-ovary 4 - 5. Izithelo kuncane, ama-6 - 8 cm ubude, 60 - 68 g isisindo, elliptical in shape.
Ubuso buhlanganiswe nezilimo eziyi-tubercles ezinkulu, i-pubescence iyinundu, futhi isikhumba ngokwawo siluhlaza obumnyama obunemibala ephuzi. Izinhlobonhlobo azithintekile isikhutha samanje nesiphansi.
Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kuhle kakhulu, futhi akuphazamisi lapho ukhansela noma ukucubungula. Ukukhiqiza kuphakeme, 15.5 kg ngamitha yendawo ngayinye. imitha yendawo.
Ezimweni zezifunda ezinesimo esihle sezulu, akunakwenzeka ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini, ngoba bayomane bamane. Uma leyo ndawo iseningizimu, ungakwazi ukweqa isiteji sezithombo ezikhulayo ekhaya.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele kwenziwe ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, kanti uma kungekho izithombo, khona-ke le nqubo ingenziwa ngemuva kwesigamu sokuqala sikaMeyi. Ukwakhiwa kokushisa kwenhlabathi nomoya kufanele kukhulise imbewu yokuhluma.
Ukutshala izithombo kungenziwa kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala kaMeyi kuze kube yingxenye yokuqala kaJuni. Njengoba iphesenti ye-parthenocarpy ilingana no-100%, awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngendawo yokulima, ngoba izithelo kunoma yikuphi izotholakala.
Kubalulekile ukuba izithombo ze-prikopat kuncane kakhulu, okwenza isikhala phakathi kwezitshalo okungenani 40 cm.
Ayikho umehluko okhethekile ekunakekeleni kwalezi zihlahla nasekunakekelweni kwazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zekhukhamba. Kubalulekile ukuba njalo uchithe izitshalo, futhi kuphela ngamanzi afudumele aphelile.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa indlela ye-trellis yokukhulisa lezi zitshalo. Inqubo ephoqelekile ikhipha amahlumela aso. Uma ukusebenzisa ama-fertilizer kudingeka ugcwalise ukungabi nakho kwazo zonke izici zokulandelela.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Izintambo"
I-hybrid yokuqala evuthiwe - ingxenyehenkarpik. Ukuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwezithelo kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingama-40 kuya kwezingu-45 emva kokuvela kwezithombo. Izihlahla ezithintekayo, ezinamandla okukhula, igatsha nalo liphakathi.
Ngokuqondene nohlobo lwezimbali, iningikazikazi. Esikhathini sesinye iqabunga singakha ama-ovaries amahlanu. Izithelo zilinganiselwe (10-12 cm), ziyi-cylindrical shape, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nemicu encane elula ephuzi.
I-peel ine-tubercles encane, ubukhulu bezinhlawulo bubuye buphakathi, i-pubescence yombala obala obomvu uyinto encane. Isisindo sesilinganiso sekhukhamba singama-90 - 120 g.
Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kuhle kakhulu. Ukuvunwa okuphezulu, 14.5 kg imitha ngayinye. imitha Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ukuzivikela okuhlangene ku-claasosporia. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zihlukile emakhakheni asebhande asele lapho amahlumela aqala ukuvunywa kuzo zonke izigcawu ngaphandle kweyokuqala. Esifubeni esisodwa seqabunga singakha izithelo ezimbili - 5.
Udinga ukuqala ukukhula lezi zitshalo ezivela ezitshalweni. Ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kungenziwa ngaphambi kweyesibili phakathi kuka-Ephreli, lapho kukhona ukukhanya okwanele endaweni lapho izithombo zikhulile khona, futhi izinga lokushisa liphakeme ngokwanele (20 - 23 ̊С).
Kubalulekile ukuthi izithombo ziqiniswe kahle ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha emhlabathini, kungenjalo izihlahla zizofa. Ukuze uhlume ngokwanele ukuze ukhule, udinga amanzi njalo futhi ukhule izithombo. Ukufika kufanele kube okuncane. Izithombo zokushayela zingaba lapho amaqhwa esedlule.
Ukuze izitshalo zithele izithelo, kubalulekile ukugcina njalo ibhalansi yamanzi yomhlabathi, ukukhulula nokugubha umhlaba, futhi ukutshala njalo.
Izihlahla zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zingabuye zitshalwe ekusekeleni ukusiza inqubo yokuvuna. Sidinga futhi ukususa njalo ukhula, kanye nokwenza imithi yokwelashwa nge-fungicides ngokumelene nezifo zekhukhamba.
Hlunga "Umfana onomunwe"
Partenokarpik. I-hybrid yokuqala evuthiwe - ukuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwezithelo kuza ezinsukwini ezingu 37 - 39 emva kokuba izithombo zivuswe. Uhlobo lwezinsikazi zezimbali. Izihlahla zinamandla, i-branching ingaphezulu kwesilinganiso. Ama-ovaries ama-3 - 6 akhiwa ku-node eyodwa.
Izithelo zobude obude (8-10 cm), eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezinama-tubercles amakhulu nenani elikhulu lamameva amhlophe. Ukunambitheka kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo ezintsha nezisetshenzisiwe kuhle kakhulu. Izihlahla zalolu hlobo zidinga ukukhanya okuhle.
Hlunga ayithinteki isikhutha sangempela nesiphelile, i-olive blotch kanye ne-cucumber mosaic virus. Inani lokuvuna kusuka ku-1 square. m. ngu-10 - 12 kg.
Kuyoba kuhle ukukhula kunoma yiliphi izwe - nasendlini yokushisa, nasezindaweni ezivulekile. Ukutshala imbewu yezithombo kufanele kwenziwe enkambeni yokuqala ka-Ephreli. Ukutshala izihlahla emhlabathini kungenziwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Uma wehlisa izithombo endaweni yokushisa, ungenza ukufakelwa kokuqala. Ukunakekela izithombo ezivamile.
Ubuningi bokutshala elitheni lokushisa yizimbewu ezingu-2 - 3 ngesikwele esingu-1. m, nasemhlabathini ovulekile - 3-4 ehlathini. Indawo yalezi zihlahla kufanele ikwazi kahle.
Izinhlaka zokunakekelwa ziphuza, okumele zenziwe njalo, ukulima kwenhlabathi, ukuze kungabikho ukwakhiwa kanzima, ukwethulwa kwemifuno ehlukahlukene, kanye nokuphalaza okuvimbela izihlahla ezivela ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Amanzi amahlathi afuna amanzi afudumele, akhulule inhlabathi ngokushesha emva kokunisela, nokudla kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa nokuchelela.
Hlunga "imibhede yeNkosi"
I-hybrid impova yizinyosi, phakathi nonyaka (izinsuku ezingu-45 kuya ku-48). Uhlamba ngamandla, amahlumela obude obuphakathi, ama-stalk ahlanganiswe nesilinganiso esilinganiselwe.
Izithelo ziyi-cylindrical shape, 9-11 cm ubude, 80-90 g isisindo, ehlanganiswe nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu nezimpande ezimhlophe. Inyama noma impango ayibabazi, kepha mnandi kakhulu.
Kukhona izitshalo ezikhanyayo ebusweni, okwenza lezi zithelo zikhangele nakakhulu. Ungasebenzisa imifino yalezi ezihlukahlukene njengama-salads amasha, nokukhweza nokukhethwa.
Esifubeni esisodwa seqabunga sakha ama-ovaries angaphezulu kwama-5. Isivuno sesilinganiso, 5, 3 - 6.2 s. imitha Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nokuwohloka kwesimo sezulu futhi azithintekile yi-downy powdery isikhutha.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo kungenziwa kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Izithombo zokushayela zingaba inyanga nengxenye kamuva, lapho sezivele zakha amaqabunga amabili kuya kwangu-3. Uma unquma ukungakhulumi izithombo, khona-ke ukubeka imbewu kungenziwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Uhlelo lokufika - 40x40 cm.
Njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingenangqondo ezimweni zesimo sezulu, akukho lutho olukhethekile ekunakekeleni kwalezi zihlahla. Kwanele ukuhambisa kahle izitshalo, futhi bangakwazi ukumelana ne-hitch kancane kule nqubo.
Isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuntuleka komswakama sinamahlumela abuthakathaka amaqabunga, khona-ke kufanele uchithe izihlahla ezinamanzi afudumele. Kudingeka wenze yonke imisebenzi yokunakekela ikhukhamba elihlaza.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda ngezinhlobo ezizimele zemikhukhamba.
Hlunga "Master"
Uhlobo lwama-Hybrid - parthenokarpik kornishonnogo olunhlobo lwama-female lwezimbali. Izinsuku zokuqala (izinsuku ezingu-40 - 45). Ukuhlambalaza ngomoya ophansi ukubhekana nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nokuntuleka kobumswakama emoyeni nasemhlabathini. Inombolo enkulu yamahlumela ama-lateral asetshenziselwa izitshalo, ngakho-ke ukuhlanganiswa kunomkhawulo emahlathini.
Ku-node eyodwa yenziwa kusuka kuma-ovaries amabili kuya kwangu-6. Izithelo zobude obuphakathi (10 - 12 cm), ezilingana no-80 - 110 g, i-elliptical, enesisindo esakhiweni. Le ikhasi ligcwele ama-tubercles namameva amhlophe, aluhlaza okomnyama.
Inyama yalezi ukhukhamba i-crispy, ehlwabusayo kakhulu, nephunga elimnandi. Inyama noma impondo ayibabazi. Izihlahla zithela izithelo isikhathi eside, azithintekile umuthi womnqumo, i-cucumber mosaic ne-powdery isikhutha. Kodwa izitshalo zingalimazwa yi-downy isikhutha.
Izithombo ezikhulayo zingancipha, kodwa kuphela uma isimo sezulu sesifunda sinomtholo. Kulokhu, ukuhlwanyela kwembewu kungenziwa kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya phakathi noJuni. Uma kunqunywe ukukhulisa izithombo, khona-ke ukuhlwanyela imbewu kungenziwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Izihlahla ezincane zingatshalwa phansi kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJune, futhi izithombo zinganezelwa ku-greenhouse ngisho nangaphambili. Ukutshala kwabantu kuyinto evamile.
Izinhlobonhlobo zithobekile ekunakekeleni, ngakho-ke inqubo yokukhuphula lezi zihlahla ngeke isetshenziswe isikhathi. Udinga nje ukuphuza njalo izitshalo, ucele, u-pinch, futhi ungakwazi ukubopha u-trellis noma ucingo olubekwe phakathi kwezigxobo.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Robin Hood"
I-partenocarpic hybrid yokuvuthwa kokuqala. Ama-shrub sredneroslye, i-branching ebuthakathaka, uhlobo lwezimbali eziningikazikazi. Kuvela izithelo ezine-no-5.
Izithelo zifushane, kuphela 5-6 cm ubude, enesisindo esingama-50-55 g, nesimo se-cylindrical, eluhlaza. Le ikhasi limbozwe ama-spikes amnyama nama-bumps, kanye nemigqa yokukhanya.
Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kuhle. Umkhiqizo uwu-6.5 kg indawo ngayinye. Izihlahla azizithobeki, futhi azithintekile nge-cucumber mosaic ne-powdery isikhutha.
Izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukukhweza, kepha zingasetshenziswa kabusha.
Ungaqala ngezithombo, futhi ungakwazi ukweqa lesi sigaba. Kubalulekile ukunakekela izithombo ngazo zonke izindlela ukuze izihlahla eziqinile zikhule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kanye nezithombo, futhi kakade emhlabathini kwenziwa ngesikhathi esivamile.
Izithombo zokutshala izitshalo nazo zikhona ohlelweni. Ukutshala kwabantu abajwayelekile - 3 - 4 izithombo ngesikwele esisodwa. m
Izinhlobonhlobo zingenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke zingakwazi ukumelana ngokuphepha noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwindlela yokuphuza noma yokudla. Ukukhululeka nokuhlanganiswa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha emva kokunisela, lapho amanzi esevele egcwele.
Izihlahla zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zingasetshenziswa ngendlela ye-trellis ekhulayo.
Hlunga "i-Okhotny Ryad"
I-hybrid yokuqala evuthiwe, izihlahla ziqala ukulimaza izinsuku ezingu-37 kuya kwezingama-40 emva kwamahlumela. Gherkin parthenkarpik. Ukuvuna kokuqala kuyoba okukhulu kakhulu, ngoba yi-parthenocarpy yokuqala eyona ephezulu kakhulu.
Ezindaweni ezihlabayo, uhlobo lokubhakaza luyisifazane, ukwakheka nokuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela asetshenziselwa ukugxila kuncike emthwalweni wabo: izithelo ezingaphezu kwesibhamu esinjalo, ngeke zikhule kancane. Izithelo zobude obude (8 kuya ku-11 cm), ukuma kwe-cylindrical, ngenomboro encane ye-tubercles, ekugcineni kwayo imifino emhlophe.
Ukhukhamba ugcine ukunambitheka kwabo okuhle kokubili fresh futhi ekheniwe / marinated. Enye ye-node eyodwa amafomu amaningi angakha (kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-6). Izitshalo nezithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nezifo eziningi zekhukhamba, ngaphandle kwe-downy isikhutha.
Kudingekile ukusebenzisa indlela yokutshala yokuhluma okuqinisekisiwe kwezihlahla, futhi emva kwalokho - i-fruiting yabo. Imbewu yokuhlwanyela kufanele yenziwe enhlabathini enomfudumalo esikhathini esiqala kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kuphakathi kuka-Ephreli. Ungadonsa ama-saplings ukuze wenze izihlahla zikhululeke ngokwengeziwe.
Lapho izitshalo zizoba neqabunga lesithathu noma lesine, ungabeka phansi emhlabathini. Into eyinhloko ukuthi phakathi nalesi sikhathi bekungeke kube khona ubusika obusuku.
Ukunakekela lezi zitshalo kufana ncamashi nokunakekela ikhukhamba elishisayo ngokujwayelekile. Wena nje udinga ukumanzi futhi ukondle izihlahla, khona-ke zizokunikeza isivuno esikhulu. Uma izitshalo zinemizimba eningi yemifino, futhi izithelo azifaki, khona-ke amaphesenti amahlumela aphakathi kumele adonwe.
Sula imibhede yakho ye-ikhukhamba, "bahlanza" ngekhukhamba lezinkampani ukuze uthole isivuno esiningi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkathi zangaphambilini.
