ICordilina isitshalo esihle sendlu esinamaqabunga amakhulu amnandi. Ngokwesimo, ifana nesihlahla sesundu futhi ikhanga ngamabala abomvu kulawo makhasi. Ukunakekela i-cordilina akulula, ngakho abatshali bezimbali bayakujabulela ukuletha lesi sivakashi esingumakhelwane ekhaya. Phambilini, i-cordilina yayingowomndeni wakwa-Agave, kepha namuhla abakhiqizi bayihlukanisa njengomndeni wakwaDracene. Kwesinye isikhathi uyakwazi ukuzwa igama elithi "dracaena cordilina", kepha lezi izitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Izwe lase-cordilina liyindawo ezishisayo nezindawo eziseningizimu ye-hemisphere yaseningizimu, kanye nezinye izifunda zase-East Asia.
Incazelo yezitshalo
ICordilina is a shrub ende noma isitshalo se shrub. Emvelweni wemvelo, ingafinyelela ukuphakama okungama-3-5 m, kepha ezimweni zangaphakathi i-cordilina ingeqi ku-1.5 m ukuphakama. Izimpande ziqukethe amagatsha amaningana aminyene. Kwi-cut kuyacaca ukuthi banombala omhlophe. Izinso nezinsana zakha i-rhizome.
Isiqu esikhulu esiqondile sesitshalo simbozwe ngamahlamvu amakhulu e-petiolate. Amagatsha akamuva anqabile kakhulu, ngakho amahlamvu akha inqwaba. Emva kwesikhashana, amaqabunga aphansi ayoma kancane bese isiqu saso sidalulwa. Kulokhu, i-cordilina iba ngokwengeziwe njengesundu.
Amapuleti amaqabunga ane-lanceolate, ibhande-efana ne-xiphoid. Zipendwe ziluhlaza okukhanyayo, kepha kukhona izinhlobo ezinombala obomvu noma opinki. Amaqabunga angakhula afike kuma-50 cm ubude aze afike ku-10 cm ububanzi. Zibonakala ngokucacile umthambo ophakathi nendawo.
I-inflorescence ngesimo se-panicle evulekile iqukethe ama-buds amaningi amancane. Amacembe apendwe ngombala omhlophe, obomvu noma onsomi. Izithelo - ibhokisi lembewu enezidleke ezintathu - linezinhlamvu ezincane eziyi-15 esidlekeni.
Izinhlobo ze-cordilina
Uhlobo oluncane lwesitshalo seCordilin sinezinhlobo ezingama-20. Okudume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi yilezi ezilandelayo:
Cordilina apical. Umuthi ophansi, othi ezweni lifinyelela ku-2-3 m ukuphakama. Amacembe abanzi amboza isiqu phezulu nangaphezulu. Ubude bawo buyi-50-80 cm, futhi ububanzi bawo bube yi-5- 10 cm. I-petiole emfushane, eminyene iqondiswa phezulu. Engxenyeni engezansi, kubonakala kutholakala umthambo ophakathi nendawo. Ama-inflorescences ama-panicrate aqukethe izimbali ezimhlophe noma ezimpunga ezinobubanzi obungafika ku-1 cm. Isitshalo sithanda amagumbi afudumele. Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- I-Red Edge - amaqabunga awakukhulu kangako, kepha anomucu obomvu eceleni komphetho;
- I-Tricolor - amahlamvu embozwe imivimbo ephuzi, epinki kanye nsundu;
- I-Augusta - imivimbo ye-raspberry itholakala kumaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama;
- UCordilina kiwi - ubonakala ngamaqabunga ebanzi ambozwe ngamabala okusajingijolo.
ICordilina eningizimu. Lesi sihlahla sinesiqu esifushane, esimbozwe ngamaqabunga amade aqondile. Amapulangwe eqabunga le-xiphoid afinyelela kubude obu-1 m nobubanzi obungama-4 cm.I-Foliage ivame ukumbozwa ngemivimbo ebomvu noma ephuzi emide. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo simbozwa ngamhlophe noma nge-lilac axillary panicles ngephunga elimnandi kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo esingenacala sidinga ubusika obubandayo (kufika ku + 3 ... + 5 ° C).
Cordilina iqonde. Lesi sitshalo sinezindebe eziqinile nomqhele omnyama we-lanceolate oshiya ubude obu-30-60 cm. Imiphetho yamahlamvu ambozwe ngamazinyo amancane. Amapuleti amaqabunga apendwe aluhlaza okotshani. Isitshalo sithanda amakamelo apholile.
Cordilina fruticosis. Isihlahla esinesiqu esincane esimboziwe esinezimbobo ezingemuva. Amahlamvu apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani onsomi. Ubunzima ngokulula kokushiya nokungathobeki.
Ukuzala
ICordilin isatshalaliswa izindlela zezinhlobo zembewu nezitshalo. Imbewu esezimweni zasekamelweni ayivamile ukuhlwanyelwa, izithombo azigcini izici zokuhlukahluka kwesitshalo somzali. Imbewu yezimbali zeCordilin ihlwanyelwa ingxube emanzi yesihlabathi-ipeat ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Bangcwatshwa ngu-0.5-1 cm futhi bembozwe ifilimu. Amahlumela avela emva kwamasonto angama-1-2 futhi akhula ngokushesha. Ngokuqala kwamaqabunga wangempela ama-4, izitshalo zingena shizi ezimbizeni zezingcezu ezi-2-3.
Indlela elula yokuzala yokuhlukanisa izingane ngezimpande. Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, kwanele ukusika isitshalo esincane ngengxenye yezimpande. Indawo esikiwe ifafazwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe futhi itshalwe emhlabathini olula, ovundile.
Ukuze kube yimithi yasentwasahlobo, iziqu ezinqenqemeni olunqunyelwe zihlukaniswa zibe izingxenye eziningana. Engxenyeni ngayinye kufanele kube nama-2-3 internodes. Ukusikwa okungaphansi kunconyelwa ukuba kuphathwe ngempande, kufakwe enhlabathini ngo-2-3 cm. Imbiza imbozwe ngefilimu futhi ibekwe endaweni ekhanyayo enamazinga okushisa komoya + 25 ... + 30 ° C. Nsuku zonke udinga umoya omncane bese ufudumeza lo greenhouse. Inqubo yokubamba imbala ithatha cishe inyanga.
Imithetho Yokudlulisa
Ukunakekela i-cordilina ekhaya kufaka ukufakelwa okujwayelekile. Izithombo ezincane zitshalwa minyaka yonke, nezitshalo ezindala njalo eminyakeni engama-2-3. Imbiza kufanele ibe nkulu kuneyangaphambili, kepha ingabi banzi kakhulu. Phansi walala ngezinto zokudonsa amanzi namalahle. Inhlabathi ye-cordilina kufanele ibe:
- ingadi noma inhlabathi yamaqabunga;
- isihlabathi somfula;
- Peat.
Umhlaba ukhethwa ngokusabela okuncane kwe-asidi. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sokukhanya, umoya ugeleza ngokukhululekile ezimpandeni.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ukunakekela i-cordilina yegumbi kulula, kepha kusadinga amakhono athile. Isitshalo sidinga ukukhetha igumbi eliqhakazile elinamahora amaningi wemini. Kodwa-ke, kumele ifiphazwe kusuka elangeni eliqondile. Izitshalo ezinamahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani zibekezelela kangcono ukuntuleka kokukhanya. Kusezingeni eliphezulu ukubeka imbali egumbini eliseningizimu kude nefasitela.
Ukushisa kwangaphakathi kwehlobo kufanele kube ngu + 22 ... + 30 ° C. Kungcono ukuthatha i-cordiline ngenkathi efudumele emgwaqweni. Le ndawo ikhethiwe ithule, ivikelwe okusalungiswa. Ebusika, isitshalo sidinga okuqukethwe okupholile. Izinga lokushisa lomoya lehliselwa ku- + 12 ... + 14 ° C kancane. Ukupholisa ebusuku kanye nobusika kuyaphazamisa izifo zesitshalo.
Umswakama egumbini lapho imbali ikhona khona kufanele ibe phezulu. Umqhele ufafazwa ngamanzi kabili ngosuku, kuboshwe amathreyi ngamanzi bese kubekwa amatshe amatshe amnyama eduze. Ebusika, ungafaki i-cordiline eduze kwemishini yokushisa. Uma umswakama unganele, i-cordilina izoqala ukoma bese uphonsa amaqabunga.
UCordilina akafuni kakhulu ekunweni. Phakathi kokunisela, isigaxa sobumba kufanele sibe sesomile. Nisela isitshalo kabili ngesonto noma ngaphansi. Amanzi asetshenziswa agcinwe kahle futhi afudumele. Ngisho nokuzanyazanyiswa okuncane kwamanzi kulimaza isitshalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngemisele futhi ukhiphe uketshezi epanini ngesikhathi esifanele.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwekwindla, i-cordilina idinga umanyolo ojwayelekile. Sebenzisa izakhiwo zamaminerali zezitshalo eziqhakaza ngaphakathi. Zikhiqizwa emanzini futhi zifakwa kabili ngenyanga.
ICordilin imelana nezifo zezitshalo. Inkinga kuphela ngokugcwala inhlabathi ukubola kwezimpande. Kumahlamvu amnandi, ikakhulukazi emoyeni owomile futhi oshisayo, amagciwane (ama-thrips, aphid, izimbuzane zesicabucabu) avela njalo. Esibonakaliso sokuqala sezinambuzane, ama-insecticides kufanele aphathwe ngokushesha.
