I-Echeveria iyindlela evumayo engathandeki yomndeni uCrassulaceae. Endle, itholakala eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. "Ama-roses amatshe" acwengekile kusuka emacembe anamanzi adonsela abalimi abaningi ngezimo ezinzima. Empilweni yansuku zonke, i-Echiveria ingabonakala kuzimbali noma emabhodweni etafula abanzi. Kubukeka kukuhle lapho kukhule ngawodwana noma lapho uhlangana nezinye izinhlobo ezifanayo engadini evumayo. Ukunakekela isihlahla kulula kakhulu, into esemqoka ukukhetha indawo efanelekile.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Echeveria isitshalo esidla izindiza esingenawo nhlobo isiqu noma isiqu esithambile. I-rhizome itholakala ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi, ngakho-ke imbali ayidingi imbiza ejulile. Isihlahla esifushane siqukethe izisekelo zamaqabunga eziningi ezitholakala ngaphezu kwenye. Ukuphakama kwesihenqo sabantu abadala sisuka ku-10 kuye ku-40 cm. Ububanzi bokuphuma ngokuvamile buyi-15 cm.
Amaqabunga angenanyama anamahlamvu apendwe ngombala okhanyayo oluhlaza okotshani noma obhulowu. Zingaba nomphetho okhonjisiwe noma oyindilinga. Ubude bethanga leqabunga buyi-3-25 cm, nobubanzi buyi-1.5-15 cm. Umbala wamaqabunga yi-monophonic, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona ukuhloba okumhlophe noma okubomvana ngaphezulu.
Izimbali zenzeka esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ehlobo futhi zingahlala amasonto amathathu. Ngalesi sikhathi, isigaxa esiminyene esingu-20-40 cm sikhula kusukela maphakathi ne-Echeveria. Ama-corollas amancane amise okwebheli apendwe apinki, aphuzi noma ansundu. Esikhundleni se-buds ezi-wilted, amabhokisi embewu amancane avuthwe.
Ukubukwa okudumile
Kuhlobo lwe-Echeveria, kunezinhlobo ezingama-150, kunezindlela zokuhlobisa ezihlotshisiwe.
I-Echeveria agave. Isitshalo esingagxiliwe esinamaqabunga aminyene, anamandla akhomba ama-rosette angalingani nezimbali zeminduze yamanzi. Imiphetho yamaqabunga ibonakala kancane futhi inombala opinki. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza ehlobo futhi ziphuzi ngombala ophuzi.
I-Echeveria inomusa. Lesi sithombo sotshani esinezimbali ezinesizungu esifushane sithandwa kakhulu. Amahlamvu awo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anamathela ngokusondelene komunye nomunye, okufana nokuma kwetshe letshe. Ehlobo, izinsimbi ezincane ezibomvu ze-olintshi zivula ku-peduncle ephezulu.
I-Echeveria Derenberg. Lesi sitshalo sinezimpiko eziphakemeyo ezinwabuzelayo nezisekelo zamaqabunga sicindezelwe komunye nomunye. Amacembe abanzi ngokucijiswa okuncane ekugcineni afike ku-4 cm ngobude nama-2 cm ububanzi. Indawo ekhanyayo eluhlaza imbozwe yi-matte whitish blooms enendawo ebomvu ekugcineni. Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, kukhula imbali emfishane imbali enamawolintshi e-orange.
I-Echeveria humpback. Imbali inesiqu esifushane namaqabunga ambozwe kahle amadayimane. Indawo engaphezulu eluhlaza okwesisekelo ithola umbala opinki. Ama-buds abomvu akhanyayo aqoqwe ku-peduncle emile eqondile. Uhlobo oluhehayo lwe-hybrid yi-Echeveria Nuremberg. Ihluka ngamaqabunga abanzi apinki-grey, akhiwe esiqwini esiphakeme, kancane kancane sivezwe.
Ukusakazeka kwe-Echeveria
Ekhaya, ukusakazwa kwe-echeveria kwenziwa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqala ukhule izithombo. Izitshalo zikhiqizwa ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Imbewu kufanele ifakwe ebhokisini elisicaba ngesihlabathi esimanzi nangomhlaba we-peat, ungafafazi phezulu. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu futhi sigcinwa emazingeni okushisa + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwamasonto amabili. Lapho amaqabunga ama-3 ekhula, izithombo zingena ezimbizeni ezincane ezifuywayo zezicucu eziningana.
- Umsuka we-stem cuttings. Maphakathi no-Mashi, ukusika kwe-aplic ngama-ratcht amaqabunga angama-2-3 kuhlukaniswa isitshalo esikhulu, somisiwe emoyeni amahora angu-3-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, ihlumela licindezelwa enhlabathini enesihlabathi. Ungafaka inhlabathi yomquba. Umhlabathi umunyiswa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. I-Echeveria ikhulele egumbini elinokukhanya okukhanya okugqamile ekushiseni kuka + 22 ... + 24 ° C. I-Rooting yenzeka kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-7- 7, emva kwalokho izithombo zingadluliselwa kumabhodwe ahlukile.
- Ukhula lwenhlamvu olusikiwe. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kweqabunga le-echeveria kubhekwa njengokunzima. Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa amaqabunga amakhulu aphansi ngaphandle kokulimala. Zomile amahora amaningi bese zibekwa esihlabathini esimanzi ngokuvundlile. Kuyadingeka ukuwuthambisa umhlabathi njalo, kepha ungavumeli izikhukhula. Izimpande zokuqala zizovela ngenyanga, kanti nesitshalo esincane esigcwele izokwakhiwa kuphela ezinyangeni ezi-3-4.
Imithetho Yokudlulisa
I-Echeveria isitshalo esibuthaka kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa okwedlulele lapho kudluliswa. Izinhlobo ezintsha zitshalwa njalo entwasahlobo, izitshalo ezindala zidluliselwa kabusha njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4. Kubalulekile ukukhetha amabhodwe amancane anezimbobo zokudonsa ngaphansi. Okokuqala, kubekwa ungqimba wamatshe amatshe, ubumba olwandisiwe noma amatshe abekwe esitsheni bese kuphela uthululwa umhlabathi wezakhi olula. Umhlaba we-echeveria wakhiwa ngezinto ezinjalo:
- isitini esibomvu esichotshoziwe;
- amalahle;
- Peat;
- umhlabathi omnandi.
Kungcono ukukhetha imidwebo engajulile noma amabhodwe bese utshala inhlanganisela engafani nenye ye-echiveria namanye ama-anc kuzo.
Ukukhetha indawo yesitshalo
Ekhaya, ukunakekela i-echeveria kulula. Kufanele kunakwe kakhulu ekutholeni indawo efanelekile. Njengezinhlobo zezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu, le mbali iyalithanda ilanga elikhanyayo futhi ayesabi ukukhanya kwelanga. Indawo engcono kakhulu kuzo kungaba izisetshenziswa zewindows eziseningizimu. Ehlobo kuyasiza ukudlulisa i-echeveria emoyeni ohlanzekile, kepha kuzodingeka ukuvikelwa kokusalungiswa nokungena kwezulu.
Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu kungo + 22 ... + 27 ° C, ngisho nokushisa okukhulu akuvamile kudala izinkinga. Ezinyangeni zobusika, i-Echeveria iza ukuzophumula futhi udinga ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ibe ngu + 6 ... + 8 ° C. Uma ebusika igumbi lifudumele kakhulu, kepha lingakhanyi ngokwanele, isiqu sizeluleka kakhulu siveze.
Ngosizo lwezinguquko zokufakelwa emazingeni okushisa nokukhanya, ungadlulisa ukuqhakaza kwe-Echeveria. Ezinyangeni ezi-2 ngaphambi kosuku olubekiwe, kufanele ulubeke egumbini elinokushisa komoya okungu- + 15 ... + 18 ° C futhi unikeze isikhathi sasemini samahora ayi-12-16.
Nakekela i-echeveria yasekhaya
I-Echeveria idinga ukuthambisa ngokulingana ngamanzi afudumele, ahlanziwe. Phakathi kokunisela, inhlabathi kufanele yomile ngokuphelele. Izikhukhula ngokushesha kuholela ekuwohlokeni kwezimpande namaqabunga aphansi. Kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi awaqoqeki eduze kwesiqu. Uma imbali ihlushwa isomiso, amaqabunga athambile futhi angaba mnyama. Kulokhu, ukuchelela kwenziwa kaningi. Ukugcwala ngokweqile kufanele kushiye imbiza ingaphazanyiswa.
Ama-Succulents awadingi umswakama ophezulu. Basabela kabi ekufafazeni nasekugezeni eshawini.
Yondla i-echeveria ngokucophelela. Umanyolo owengeziwe wenza amaqabunga abole. Uma inhlabathi ivuselelwa kaningi ngokwanele, khona-ke ungashiya ngokuphelele ukugqoka okuphezulu. Uma kunesidingo, ingxenye yomanyolo isetshenziswa njalo ngenyanga ukusuka ekuqaleni kwezimbali kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Udinga ukusebenzisa izingoma ze-cacti.
Ngokunakekelwa okungafanele, i-echeveria inezifo zokukhunta. Ama-parasites acishe angalali kuzincwajana ngenxa yesikhumba esiminyene.
