Isihlahla seThistle siyisitshalo esithanda ukuthambisa umswakama somndeni womndeni wase-Aralia. Uthandwa futhi asetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ngabasizi bemanzini ukuhlobisa ingaphambili. Kusuka kwigama lesiLatini - iHydrocotyle - i-analogue yaseRussia yegama - hydrocotyl - kwavela.
Incazelo
Lesi sitshalo sivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwethropropiki nethropiki ye-hemisphere eseningizimu, yize ezinye izinhlobo zitholakala eYurophu nase-Asia. Ikhula emanzini emvelo, yize ikhona emhlabeni omanzi. Iningi labamele lolu hlobo lonyaka, kepha izitshalo zonyaka nazo ziyatholakala.
IHydrocotyl ayikhulisi hhayi phezulu, kodwa ngokuvundlile. Iziqu ezinwabuzelayo ezimboze zimbozwe ngeziqubu kubude obuyi-1-2 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukusuka endaweni ngayinye, kumiswa amaqabunga angama-2-3 ayindilinga kuma-petioles ngamanye. I-petiole ingafika ku-20-30 cm ubude. amahlumela aluhlaza okhanyayo, amabala amaqabunga afana neminduze yamanzi. Ububanzi beqabunga bungaba kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-4 cm. Izimpande ezihlwabusayo zakheka ngaphansi kwe-rosette ngayinye enamaqabunga, anamathela kalula emhlabathini.
Ngokukhanya okwanele, phakathi nehlobo, kuvela izambulela ezincane ze-umbrella ezivela ngaphansi kwamahlamvu. Izimbali zincanyana, zimhlophe qhwa. Kwesinye isikhathi i-corolla ithola izithunzi ezikhanyayo eziluhlaza okotshani, onsomi, opinki noma ophuzi. Ama-petals ezimise okwenziwe nge-oval onqenqemeni oluqinile nethiphu ekhomba. Kuvele izikhonkwane ezinjengesiyingi ukusuka engxenyeni ephakathi. Izithelo ezisesimweni sembewu zinobume be-pentagonal ovoid futhi zithambile kancane emaceleni, kuze kufike ku-5 mm ubude.
Izinhlobo
Okuvame kakhulu phakathi kwama-aquarists atholakele ibhaldwort. Ihlala emaxhaphozini ase-Argentina naseMexico. Lesi sitshalo sisetshenziselwa izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi ezisogwini, kanye nokukhula ngaphansi kwamanzi. E-aquarium, ngokunganaki, ivumelanisa ngokushesha kunoma yiluphi ushintsho futhi iqale ukukhula. Ukwazi ukukhuphuka ngaphezu kwenhlabathi ngamasentimitha angama-50. Izinga lokukhula elinengxenye eyindilinga kulo lonke ubude limbozwe ngamaqabunga. Iqabunga likaThistle likhula ngokushesha ngaphansi kwekholomu lamanzi bese lisakazeka ebusweni bawo. Ukuze ezinye izimbali zithole ukukhanyisa okwanele, kumele zinqunywe kaningi. Ukwakha izimo ezintofontofo ku-aquarium, ibekwa ngemuva noma ekubukweni kwaseceleni. Amapharamitha amanzi alandelayo alungile:
- i-acidity: 6-8;
- izinga lokushisa: + 18 ... + 28 ° C;
- Isibani: 0.5 W / L.
Isihlahla sikakhonkolo kutholakala emanzini amasha noma aswakeme eSoutheast Asia. I-perennial iheha umbala ocwebezelayo ogqamile, we-neon of greenery. Lesi sitshalo sihlanganiswe kakhulu, asikhuphuki sibheke phezulu, kepha sisakazeka ngezansi. Isiqu esisesimo samadevu amancanyana anama-internode sinezimpande emhlabathini, kushiya kuphela ama-petioles amade (cishe 10 cm). Amahlamvu ayindilinga, mancane, angamasentimitha angama-1-3 cm. Amaphethelo aqhakanjisiwe noma ajikijelwe kancane. Ukukhula okujwayelekile, amanzi kufanele ahlangabezane nezinkomba ezilandelayo:
- i-acidity: 6.2-7.4;
- ukuqina: 1-70;
- lokushisa: + 20 ... + 27 ° C.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukondla njalo nge-carbon dioxide futhi uguqule okungenani ama-20% amanzi ase-aquarium kanye ngesonto.
Kuvele kuqhume isihlahla sikakhonkolo ihlala esifundeni esishisayo nasentabeni efudumele yaseNingizimu neNyakatho Melika. Kuguqulwe empilweni ngaphansi kwamanzi nasemhlabeni. Amaqabunga amaqabunga angafinyeleli ku-3 cm, yize efakwe kokusikwa aze afike ku-10 cm. Lokhu kuqubuka kwezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo kudinga kakhulu ekukhanyiseni, ngaphandle kwawo kufe ngokushesha.
I-thyfoil ejwayelekile etholakala eningizimu yeYurophu naseCaucasus. Ihluka kwezinye izinhlobo ngoba ayiphuthumi ebusweni bamanzi. Amahlumela ayo ayashona phansi ezansi kwendawo yokugcina amanzi. Amacembe makhulu, afinyelela kububanzi obuyi-6 cm cm. Atholakala ngokufana phansi futhi afana namatafula asicaba emilenzeni emide. I-Petioles ivame ukukhula ngo-15-18 cm. Isitshalo sithanda amazinga aphansi okushisa wamanzi, kepha asibusika ngesikhathi sezulu esipholile.
Thistle sibtorpioides Luhlobo lokuhlobisa kakhulu ngenxa yamahlamvu alo aqoshwe. Lesi sakhamizi saseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia sifuna kakhulu futhi kunzima ukusitshala. Ukuphakama kwamahlumela kungama-15-40 cm ukusuka emhlabathini. Isiqu esithenda singashona phansi noma sikhuphuke ngokuthe nkqo kwikholamu yamanzi. Amapheshana ama-Miniature akhuphuka kuma-petioles 11 cm ubude. Ububanzi bawo bungamasentimitha ayi-0.5-2. Ukuze lesi sitshalo sithathe izimpande ku-aquarium, kubalulekile ukusinikeza ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokufaka umanyolo nge-carbon dioxide. Izidingo zamanzi zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:
- i-acidity: 6-8;
- lokushisa: + 20 ... + 28 ° C.
Thistle isihlahla Asia noma Indian e-Ayurveda yaziwa njenge- "Gotu Kola" noma "Brahmi". Luhlobo lwezitshalo oluhlukahlukene. Ukuphakama kungama-5-10 cm. Iziqu ezinwabuzelayo, zenziwe amafindo. Kwakhiwa kuwo amaqabunga amaqabunga anobubanzi obungu-2-5 cm.Amakhasi aqine, ama-ovate, anamathiselwe esiqwini ngamabhele amade amasentimitha angama-7-16. Kuzo zombili zazo izimbali ezimbala ezinemibala epinki ezinobude obungu-1-5 mm ziyambulwa. Le nhlobo yaziwa ngezakhiwo zayo zokwelapha. Emithini yokwelashwa, amahlumela namaqabunga ayo asetshenziswa njengemithi elwa nokuvuvukala, ivuselela, ukuphulukisa amanxeba nemithi yesilonda. Imithi esekwe kuyo isiza ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwe-cerebral futhi ithathwa njengesishukumisa esihle kakhulu somsebenzi wobuchopho.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ngenxa yezimpande ezakheke endaweni ethile yes stem, i-thyristol kulula kakhulu ukuyisakaza ngokuhlukanisa. Kuyadingeka ukusika isiza esinezimpande eyodwa noma eziningi bese usitshala endaweni entsha. Ngokukhanya okwanele namapharamitha wamanzi afanele, ukufakelwa ngeke kube buhlungu ngokuphelele.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Isihlahla seThistle sithanda inhlabathi enobumba noma enesihlabathi. Ukwehla kokukhanyisa, yize ezinye izinhlobo zivumela umthunzi omncane. Endaweni evulekile, izitshalo azidli ubusika, ngakho-ke okungenani ingxenye yeziqu zimbiwa ebusika, zitshalwe kabusha zibe ngamabhubhu futhi zigcinwe egumbini elifudumele nelikhanyiswe kahle.
Uma ukhule e-aquarium, kuyadingeka ukuvuselela ingxenye yengxenye yamanzi njalo. Lokhu kuzonikeza lesi sitshalo ukufinyelela kwizakhi zomzimba ezibalulekile. E-aquarium, i-hydrocotyla itshalwa esihlabathini samanzi emifino exutshwe nobumba oluhle. Ngakho-ke kuzokwazi ukugcina ukucaca kwamanzi. Ukuze isistimu yezimpande ithole umsoco owanele, izigaxa ezincane zobumba, amalahle noma izingcezu zepeat zibekwa ngaphansi kwengqimba yesihlabathi.
Ngomklamo ovumelanayo we-flora ye-aquarium, kufanele ulawule isisindo esiluhlaza sase-Wormwood bese unquma ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi. Noma yikuphi ukufakelwa kanye nokunyakaza kufanele kwenziwe ngokunakekela ukuze kungaphulwa iziqu ezintekenteke.
Ezinye izinhlobo zilungele ukukhula embizeni ejwayelekile, kwanele ukunikeza ukuthambisa okuningana. Imbiza kufanele ikhethwe ngobumba bese igcwalisa ngo-loams ovundile.
Sebenzisa
I-pennywort izoba ngumhlobiso omuhle hhayi kuphela we-aquarium, kodwa futhi nengxenye engasogwini yezindikimba zamanzi. Kungakuhle ukuwutshala emabhokisini ajulile enhlabathi egcwele izikhukhula, othathwa ngaphandle ehlobo. Lesi sitshalo siziphatha njengesembozo futhi sihlinzeka utshani obukhanyayo ogwini olungashukumi kahle noma osuvele ngaphansi kwamanzi.
E-aquarium, imifino ekhanyayo ngokuqinisekile izodonsela ukunakwa futhi ngasikhathi sinye izoba yindawo yokuphephela yezinhlanzi ezincane. Njengoba amaqabunga abanzi eba yisithiyo sokukhanya, kuyanconywa ukuthi umakhelwane onezakhamuzi ezikwazi ukubekezelela ubuhle bezitshalo zasolwandle.
