IKarrarantus iyisitshalo esihlobisa kakhulu futhi esingenakukhulisa esikhula kahle endlini nasengadini. Ungowomndeni wakwaKutra futhi usatshalaliswa ehlathini elishisayo laseMadagascar. Iningi labangane bethu abasazi lesi siqinisekiso ngaphansi kwegama elithi "periwinkle", "Madagascar vinka", "loner", "intombi endala" noma "cayenne jasmine". Njengoba imbali ingabekezeleli ukubanda, esivandeni sikhula njengonyaka. Emabhodweni naseningizimu yezwe, uzohlala endaweni eyodwa iminyaka eminingana, ejabulisa ngezimbali ezintekenteke nemifino eminyene enoshukela.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Katarantus iyi-evergreen yonyaka noma engapheli. Inesistimu enezimpande egxilile, embozwe ngezinqubo eziningi ezingcolile futhi ifinyelela emhlabathini ngokujula okungama-25-35 cm. Amahlumela aqondile akha izihlahla eziwugqinsi, izihlahla ezihlotshiswe kakhulu ezifika ku-60 cm ukuphakama.Emvelweni yemvelo, ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungafinyelela ku-1.5 m.
Zonke amahlumela zimbozwe ngegxolo elibushelelezi ngombala oluhlaza okotshani noma opinki. Amacembe aphikisayo noma amaqabunga anezinwele ezimfushane akhula phezu kwawo. Amahlamvu awumbala obunjiwe ngomphetho oyindilinga noma obukhali. Ipheshana elinobude obungamamitha ayi-2,5-8 nobubanzi obuyi-3 cm. Ithambo elimhlophe elimhlophe libonakala kahle enkabeni.
Ama-catharanthus aqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Amahlumela avuleka ngokuhlukile, ngakho-ke izimbali zingaqhubeka ngaphakathi ngisho nasebusika. Izimbali ziyaqhakaza kuma-axils amaqabunga naseziqongweni zezihlumela, ziqoqana ngamabhulashi avele. I-corolla enobubanzi obufika ku-3 cm ibunjiwe ngesibhakabhaka futhi iqukethe amacembe amahlanu ama-obovate noma ama-wedge anomumo obunjiwe phansi. Ingxenye emaphakathi imbali iyibhubhu emincane, okuvela kuyo ama-anther aphuzi akhanyayo.
Ngemuva kokuvota, amapheshana agula agxuma afike ku-5 cm ubude aze afike ku-3 mm ububanzi. Ngaphakathi kunezimbewu ezincane eziphakeme zombala omnyama onomphezulu ongemuhle.
Ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo
Njengamanje, uhlobo lweCatharanthus luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyisi-8 eziphambili nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa. Ngokwesiko, ungathola kuphela i-Catharanthus pink. Sihlahla sotshani esiphansi esinamaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza oblue kanye nezimbali ezinamabala amahlanu ezinemibala emhlophe ehlukahlukene nepinki.
Izinhlobo ze-Hybrid zihlukahlukene kakhulu. Ukuze kube lula, ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ahlukahlukene, ngaphakathi lapho izitshalo zingahluka ngesakhiwo, umbala wezimbali namaqabunga, kanye nenkathi yezimbali. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ngamaqembu alandelayo:
- Katarantus ampelous (umaskandi). Izitshalo ezinemivimbo engu-75-150 cm ezilahliwe ubude bayo.Izinqubo zimbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama nezimbali ezincane ezibomvu eziqhakaza emaphethelweni amahlumela nakuzo izimbambo zamaqabunga kulo lonke ubude.
Catharanthus ampelous - I-Aristocrat. Shrub ngomqhele ovundlile kuze kube ngama-50 cm aqhakaza amakhulu engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo ngezimbali ezinkulu (ezingafika ku-5 cm) izimbali ezinombala omhlophe, obomvu nobomvu. Umnyombo wembali unombala ohlukile.
I-Aristocrat - Pacific. Amabhishi acwebile angama-25-30 cm amade nama-15-20 cm ububanzi angaqhakaza kangako, kepha ahluke ngamaqabunga amakhulu akhanyayo. Izimbali ezisemaphethelweni amahlumela zinombono oqondile kulesi sikhungo futhi zidwetshiwe ngamathoni amhlophe abomvu.
Pacific - Ukuqabula kuqala. Isihlahla esicocekile sama-cylindrical bush amade angama-30-40 cm aqukethe amaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile angamacici nezimbali ezingafika ku-6 cm ubukhulu ezinama-coral, apinki, onsomi, nesalimoni.
Ukuqabula kuqala
Ukutshala imbewu
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole izitshalo eziningi ezinempilo ngokushesha. NgoMeyi, ungahlwanyela imbewu ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza imifino engashayi ndawo endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle. Imbewu isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngebanga le-3-5 cm futhi imbozwe ngomhlaba. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, nisela inhlabathi ngokuqapha. Izitshalo ezivuthiwe zingatshalwa. Ama-Cataractus blooms ngokuvamile izinyanga ezingama-2-2,5 emva kokuhlwanyela.
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, qala ukukhula izithombo. Watshala ezitsheni ezincane enenhlabathi evulekile, evundile. Ungasebenzisa umhlabathi ukuthola ama geraniums noma wenze ingxube yenhlabathi ngokwakho:
- umhlaba wamashidi;
- humus;
- isihlabathi;
- Peat;
- umhlaba wefudu.
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ifakwa amahora amaningi kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, bese isatshalaliswa ngebanga le-3-4 cm ekujuleni kuka-1.5-2 cm. Isitsha simbozwe ngesembozo noma ngefilimu. Igcinwa endaweni enokhanyayo kahle ngamazinga okushisa we- + 24 ... + 25 ° C.
Amahlumela aqala ukuvela ngemuva kwesonto, kuthi lapho kukhishwa indawo yokukhosela. Izithombo ezintekenteke ziniselwa ngokunakekela nangezingxenyana ezincane. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, ngokuvela kwamaqabunga amane eqiniso, athatha ngokucophelela amabhodwe e-peat ahlukile. Udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu futhi ungalimazi impande ende. Kubalulekile ukugcina umswakama ophezulu.
Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, izithombo ziqala ukukhishwa ngaphandle ukuze lukhuni. Ukufakelwa kwangaphandle kungenziwa kuphela lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lansuku zonke lingama-20 ° C nangaphezulu.
Endaweni ehlala njalo, isibungu sitshalwa ngamaqembu ezitshalo ezingama-2-3 ukuze sakhe izihlahla ezinkulu. Ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla ezinjalo kufanele libe ngu-30-70 cm, kuya ngosayizi wesitshalo sohlobo oluthile.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Isihlahla esikhulu se-catharanthus singasatshalaliswa ngokwahlukana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, izimpande zisikwa ngesigaxa esibukhali sibe izingxenye ezi-2. Izindawo zezinqe zifafazwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe bese ngokushesha zihlukanisa izingcezwana zibe ngamabhodwe ahlukile.
Entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuthena izihlahla, izihloko zeziqu zingabangelwa. Enza lokhu ngesihlabathi esimanzi nokuxuba kwenhlabathi. Esikhathini sokukhula kwe-midzi, kunconywa ukumboza i-cuttings nge-cap esobala futhi ubeke endaweni enokhanya kahle. Izitshalo zidinga ukungena umoya nsuku zonke futhi zifafazwe. Ngemuva kokubamba imbambo, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa futhi izimbali zikhule njengenjwayelo.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
I-Kataranthus - izitshalo ezingenakukhalipha, zilungele abalimi abanolwazi oluncane. Kodwa-ke, ukufezekisa umqhele omningi wokuqhakaza izimbali nomqhele oqabulayo kungokubheka kuphela imithetho ethile.
Isibani Imbali iyakuthanda ukukhanyiswa okukhulu. Emgwaqweni utshalwe ezindaweni ezivulekile noma emthunzini ongatheni wokukhanya. Izitshalo zasendlini zibekwa efasiteleni elisempumalanga noma entshonalanga. Amabhasi kufanele afakwe emithunzi kusuka emisebeni yasemini egumbini, kodwa ngokufaka umoya omncane noma emoyeni omusha, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile akubesabi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela i-cataranthus kokusalungiswa.
Ukushisa Lesi sitshalo se-thermophilic sizizwa singcono kakhulu emazingeni okushisa at + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Ebusika, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa isikhathi sokuphumula futhi wehlise izinga lokushisa ukuze + 12 ... + 18 ° C. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuyadingeka. Ngaphandle kwayo, iziqu zizokwelula bese zilahlekelwa umphumela wazo wokuhlobisa.
Umswakama. Amabhishi agcinwa umswakama ephezulu abukeka emuhle kakhulu. Umoya omile wehlisa ukukhula, futhi amathiphu amaqabunga ayoma aqothule. Udinga ukufafaza imbali nsuku zonke, esimweni sezulu esishisayo lokhu kwenziwa kaningi ngosuku. Hhayi-ke, uma kuzoba ne-aquarium noma ugqoko onamatshe amabwe aseduze.
Ukunisela. Isitshalo sidinga ukuniselwa njalo futhi ngobuningi, ukuze inhlabathi ihlale imanzi kancane. Ukumiswa isikhathi eside kwamanzi kuyaphulwa, kubalulekile futhi ukuthulula ipani ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye. Amanzi okunisela asetshenziswa afudumele futhi ahlanzwa kahle.
Umanyolo. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, uCatharanthus wondliwa kabili ngenyanga. Izakhiwo ezinamaminerali ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium ziyasetshenziswa. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, kunconywa ukwenza ukugqoka okukodwa okuphezulu.
Izihlahla. Izitshalo ezisencane zihlala zidatshulwa ukuze zenze inani elikhulu lezinqubo ezilandelanayo. Entwasahlobo, izihlahla zinqunywa okwesithathu, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine ukubukeka okuhle.
Ukufakelwa Amabhasi akhula ngokushesha adinga ukufakelwa konyaka. Lapho kukhula ngaphakathi endlini, inqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo ngendlela yokudlulisela ukuze kungalimali izimpande. Izimbiza kufanele zijule ngokwanele futhi zingabi banzi kakhulu. Ehlobo, ungatshala izitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile, futhi ekwindla, ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, kufanele zibuyiselwe kwizimbali zezimbali.
Izifo nezinambuzane. Ngokutshala okuminyene kakhulu nangokuqina, kuqubuka izifo fungal (ukubola kwezimpande, ukugqwala kwamaqabunga). Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi udlulise lesi sitshalo ngokubuyiselwa kwenhlabathi futhi wenze ukwelashwa kwesikhunta. Ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezikala esikalini, izimbuzane zesigcawu kanye namhlopheflies zihlala emaqabungeni. Esibonelweni sokuqala sokuhlaselwa yizimbunguzane, ama-bush kufanele aphathwe ngesinambuzane ("Commander", "Aktara", "Biotlin").
Kusetshenziswa uCatharanthus
Amabhishi aminyene acwebile anemibala egqamile ayoba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wemingcele nohlelo lokuqala lwe-flowerbed. Imvamisa ikhula ezitsheni nasemabhokisini ezindawo zokubala ngamakhabethe nangezadi, kanye nezimbali ezijwayelekile zasendlini. Katarantus ampelous etshalwe ebhodweni le-cache. I-Cascade yayo enhle eluhlaza enamabala amahle anemibala idonsela ukunakwa okuningi futhi ihlaba umxhwele ngephunga layo elimnandi. I-Katarantus ingasetshenziswa kokubili ekuhlelweni kwezimbali nanjengesembozo. Kuhamba kahle nge-periwinkle, i-lobelia, ibhalsamu ne-petunia.
Ngaphezu kokuhlobisa, izindawo zokwelapha zesitshalo ziyaziwa. Ijusi leCatharanthus liqukethe cishe ama-alkaloids angama-20. Ngosizo lwabo, kungenzeka ukunciphisa usayizi wamathumbu angenamizwa nokulimala, ama-polyps, ama-adenomas. Izingcindezi nge-tincture yotshwala yamakhambi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-psoriasis, i-eczema kanye ne-dermatitis yemvelaphi ehlukahlukene.
Ngawo wonke usizo lwayo, i-catharanthus isitshalo esinobuthi. Ngemuva kokusebenzisana nayo, udinga ukugeza izandla zakho kahle. Uma kunezingane nezilwane endlini, imbali kufanele ibekwe endaweni engafinyeleleki kuyo.
