Isitshalo ngasinye esikhula engadini sidinga ukunakwa nokunakekelwa, bese sihlangabezana nokuvunwa okuphanayo. Izihlahla yinto ebaluleke kakhulu yokunakekelwa okuphelele kwanoma yiziphi izihlahla zezithelo, kufaka phakathi ama-currants. Uma wenza le nqubo ye-agrotechnical ngesikhathi esifanele futhi uyenza kahle futhi njalo, umphumela ngeke wehlise ikhwalithi nenani lamajikijolo akhulile.
Ngabe ngidinga ukuthena abahluzi
Ama-currants angenye yezihlahla ezivame kakhulu ezingadini zethu. Uma uyishiya ikhule ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kwamasiko, khona-ke eminyakeni embalwa ingalahlekelwa ukwakheka kwayo, itheleleke ngezifo futhi inciphise ukuqhela.
Lapho enza ukugunda izihlahla, umlimi kumele aqonde ukuthi inhloso yakhe eyinhloko ukwakha isihlahla samagatsha amakhulu ayi-12-15 angabi ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu. Ukuze uqiniseke ekugcineni ukuthi le nqubo iyadingeka, mane uqhathanise ukubonakala kwesihlahla esifanayo ngaphambi nangemva kokuthenwa.
Uhlobo lwesihlahla se-currant ngaphambi nangemva kokuthena ubufakazi obonakalayo besidingo sale nqubo
Ngokuya ngezinhloso, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zokutshala ziyahlukaniswa:
- sanitary - ukususwa kwamagatsha owomile, agobile awonakaliswe yiqhwa lasebusika, ukuwela noma ukukhula ngaphakathi kwesihlahla;
- formative - umcimbi obanjwa esiteji sokuqala ukuze kwakhiwe ihlathi elincane;
- anti-ukuguga - inqubo yokwandisa umkhiqizo wesihlahla esidala. Ngosizo lwayo, umlimi angalethela isiko esimweni esifanele. Uma isihlahla sigcinwa njalo, khona-ke kulula ukwenza izihlahla zokulwa nokuguga. Uma beqala ukumnakekela, kuzofanela usebenze kanzima ukumletha efomini elifanele.
Isakhiwo se-Bush
Ngaphambi kokuthi ukhulume ngezici zokuthena izihlahla, kufanele unqume ukuthi siyini isihlahla se-currant. Siqukethe uhlelo lwezimpande, amahlumela angama-basal kanye namagatsha, inani lakhona likhuphuka njalo ngonyaka wokuphila kwe-shrub.
Isihlahla ngasinye se-currant siqukethe uhlelo lwezimpande, amahlumela ezimpande namagatsha akhula minyaka yonke
Unquma nini
Umsebenzi oyinhloko ohambisana nokuthena izihlahla nokwenza ama-currant bush kufanele wenziwe entwasahlobo noma ekwindla. Kuyadingeka ukukwenza minyaka yonke. Iningi lomsebenzi lenziwa kangcono ekwindla, futhi imiphumela ebusika ilungiswa entwasahlobo.
Izihlahla zokuhlanza zentwasahlobo zentwasahlobo
Ukuthena kwentwasahlobo kungokwenhloso yokuhlanzeka. Ukuthenwa kwe-anti-ukuguga kwesihlahla entwasahlobo kungenzeka kuphela ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, kodwa ngisho nakulesi simo kungcono ukuthi sisayidlulisele ekwindla.
Ukuthena kwentwasahlobo kufanele kuqedwe ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwe-sap, okuqala nge-currant kusenesikhathi. Okudingekayo: izinga lokushisa lapho ukusika kumele kube nokuhle.
Uma ukuthenwa kudambazelwe ngesikhathi, khona-ke ukugeleza kwesiqalo okuqalisiwe kuzovikela ukwelashwa kwenxeba ngemuva kwenqubo. Lokhu kuzoheha izinambuzane, ezingakhulisa amathuba esitshalo atheleleke ezifweni.
Ividiyo: imithetho yokunakekela intwasahlobo yasentwasahlobo
Ukuthena Autumn
Ehlobo, isihlahla sizuza amahlumela amaningi adingekile nangawengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, ekwindla, kufanele wenze ukuhlolwa bese ususa konke okuvimbela isitshalo ekukhuleni kahle futhi sithele izithelo kakhulu. Izinketho zomsebenzi zizohluka ngokuya ngezimpawu zokuhlukahluka nobudala besihlahla esithile.
Isikhathi esihle sale nqubo sibhekwa njengokuphela kukaSepthemba-ukuqala kuka-Okthoba, ngoba izihlahla ziyadingeka ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, ukuze izitshalo zibe nesikhathi sokupholisa ukulimala okubangelwa inqubo.
Izizathu zokuthena ekwindla:
- isikhathi eside somsebenzi
- amandla okususa izifo nezinambuzane,
- ukuvuselela ukwakheka kwamahlumela wokufaka esikhundleni ngonyaka olandelayo,
- ukudala izimo zokukhiqiza izithelo kwisizini entsha.
Ukwenza izihlahla zokuhlunga kabusha futhi ubumba kuhlelwe kangcono ukuwa.
Ukuthena okwenziwe emva kokuvunwa
Inketho yokunquma ehlobo yehlela emisebenzini emibili:
- ukususwa kwamagatsha anesifo futhi omisiwe,
- ukucindezela amahlumela amasha.
Ehlobo, ama-currants angasusa amagatsha amadala nanokugula, futhi anciphise amahlumela amasha ngemuva kokukhula izithelo
Imithetho yokuthena izihlahla
Ngesikhathi sokuthena okwenziwa njalo ngonyaka, amagatsha asebekhulile asikwa noma aphindwe kabusha, bese kuthi amahlumela amaningi zero afakwe esikhundleni sokususwa kwalawo amadala.
Iphethini yokuthena i-currant incike eminyakeni yesihlahla
Ukuthena okudala ukuguga
Kunemithetho eminingana okufanele ilandelwe lapho kutshalwa:
- Yenza ukuhlola kokuqala ukuze uqonde ukuthi imaphi amagatsha adinga ukuthenwa.
- Sika amagatsha amadala (aneminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu ubudala) ngokukhiqiza okuphansi. Zingakhonjwa ngombala omnyama wegxolo. Basuswa ebusweni bomhlaba, beshiya isiqu esincane, esimbozwe nge-var var yengadi.
- Sika amagatsha atheleleke ngengilazi. Bakhonjwa umgodi omnyama ngaphakathi kwesiqu.
- Sika wonke amagatsha alenga emhlabathini bese ulele kuwo.
- Khipha amagatsha ahlangene kakhulu akhula ngaphakathi kwesihlahla.
- Amahlumela amancane aqinile kufanele ancishiswe, ashiye amaqabunga ambalwa egatsheni ngalinye.
Lapho ugawula isihlahla esine-currant, kuyadingeka ukususa amagatsha amadala, agulayo nokuqina
Ukwenza Ukusika
Lapho ugawula isihlahla esisha, kunezimpawu zazo siqu:
- Ukuluka izinwele kuqala kwenziwa cishe ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokutshala. Amahlumela anqunywa nje ngenso lwesithathu: lokhu kusiza ukwakheka kahle kwesihlahla esikhulayo.
- Emasimini aneminyaka emibili ubudala, amahlumela ama-zero kufanele asikwe, ashiye amagatsha angama-4-5, azokwakha isisekelo samathambo kamuva. Kulokhu, wonke amagatsha akhula ngaphakathi komqhele futhi acashe amahlumela wezithelo ayanqunywa.
- Ekupheleni konyaka wesithathu, isihlahla singabhekwa njengasakhiwa. Kamuva, ekwakhekeni kwayo, ngokufakwa kabusha kwamagatsha amadala nabadala abancane, amagatsha ayi-12-16 kufanele abe khona njalo ngonyaka owodwa kuya kane.
- Ukwakha amanye amagatsha e-lateral, aqala kusukela ngonyaka owodwa, amahlumela wonyaka wamanje ancishiswa ngama-3 efihlekile.
Uma ama-currants wonyaka egawulwa, kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala, khona-ke ngonyaka wesithathu ihlathi lingabhekwa njengelakhiwe
I-Stem Currant
Ngaphezu kwamabhasi ohlobo olujwayelekile, ifomu elijwayelekile lisanda kusakazeka. Isihlahla sesiqu sifana nomuthi omncane. Ukuyakha, izinhlobo ezifanele ezinikeza okungenani amahlumela kusuka ngezansi, isibonelo: Ijuba, uGoliyati, iRovada.
- Ukuqala ukwakheka kwesiqu, entwasahlobo yokuqala, kukhethwe ihlumela elilodwa elakhiwe kahle mpo kufika ku-30 cm ukuphakama, bese amahlumela aseceleni anqunywa phansi.
- Kusala amahlumela amabili noma amathathu e-apical.
- Kumahlumela wonyaka wokuqala, wonke ama-buds asendaweni ye-stem ne-basal (zero) ayasuswa.
- On amahlumela konyaka wesibili, finyeza wonke amagatsha isikhathi eside kuno-10 cm.
- Kusukela ngonyaka wesithathu enza izihlahla ezijwayelekile zokuhlanzeka. Kusukela amahlumela aphezulu akha umqhele. Isikhathi eside - fushanisa.
- Zonke amahlumela ezakhiwe esiqwini asuswa njalo. Ukuze kube nokuqina, isihlahla siboshwe ngesikhonkwane.
Ukuze wakhe i-stem currant, kukhethwa ihlumela elilodwa elime kahle, bese kuthi amagatsha aseceleni asikwe ezansi
Amajikijolo we-currant ejwayelekile avuthwa ngokushesha futhi aqukethe ushukela omningi kunezithelo zohlobo olufanayo esihlahleni esimise okomdabu.
Ukwakheka kwezindlela ezifanele zezihlahla zezithelo kungumsebenzi wokudala odinga isikhathi, umzamo kanye nogqozi. Kepha ngenxa yalokho, ngaphezu kwesivuno esicebile, ungathola umhlobiso omuhle, kepha ngasikhathi sinye umhlobiso wesayithi.
Igalari Yezithombe: I-Currant ejwayelekile
- I-stem currant - umhlobiso omuhle wesiza
- Isiqu saso se-currant sikhumbuza isihlahla esincane
- Kukholelwa ukuthi amajikijolo we-currant ejwayelekile amnandi kunezithelo ezivela esihlahleni sendabuko ezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo
Uma izihlahla zokuthena izihlahla zihlala njalo, kugwema ukukhula okungalawulwa kwamagatsha namahlumela, khona-ke akunzima ukwenza. Uma yonke into ishiywe inhlanhla, njenganoma yiliphi ibhizinisi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzofanele usebenze kanzima, ulungisa amaphutha.
